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Ghanbari MA, Lashkar Bolouki T, Norouzi P, Bitaraf FS, Bakhshi H, Atashi A. Down-Regulation of CXCR4 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Septic Serum. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:718-725. [PMID: 36258736 PMCID: PMC9569406 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is one of the main concerns of health and one of the leading causes of death in hospitals. It is essential to manage sepsis in hospitalized patients. In recent years, cell therapy has been considered as a new approach to treat sepsis. This study evaluated the effect of CXCR4 as one of the main proteins involved in the homing of mesenchymal stem cells in the sepsis serum in mice model. Methods Mouse sepsis model was induced by injection of E.coli and biochemical analyses was done to confirm the organ failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow were separated into sepsis and control groups. In the sepsis serum group, MSCs were treated with sepsis serum at two time points: 24 and 48 h. Quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry were performed to determine the mRNA expression of CXCR4 in sepsis serum group compared to control group. Also, a migration assay was done to assess the migration capacity of bone marrow MSCs during inflammation and treatment in sepsis. Results Our result showed that treatment with sepsis serum can control migration by decrease in CXCR4 level (P ≤ 0.05) compared to control group. Moreover it was also reported that sepsis serum decreased mRNA expression of CXCR4 in MScs. Conclusions In our study, MSCs treated with septic serum were no longer able to migrate . Probably many variables such as source, dose, injection time, and injection route of MSCs after sepsis induction in the animal models are key factors for successful cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pirasteh Norouzi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Bitaraf
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Haniye Bakhshi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Pezzanite LM, Chow L, Johnson V, Griffenhagen GM, Goodrich L, Dow S. Toll-like receptor activation of equine mesenchymal stromal cells to enhance antibacterial activity and immunomodulatory cytokine secretion. Vet Surg 2021; 50:858-871. [PMID: 33797775 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of Toll-like and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (TLR, NLR) ligand stimulation of equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties in vitro. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. SAMPLE POPULATION Equine bone-marrow-derived MSCs (three horses). METHODS MSCs were stimulated with TLR (polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [pIC] and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) and NLR agonists (γ-d-Glu-mDAP [IE-DAP]) for 2 h, and plated at 1 × 105 cells/well 24 h. MSC-conditioned media (MSC-CM) were collected and assessed for antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin/LL-37 production, bactericidal action against multidrug-resistant planktonic and biofilm Staphylococcus aureus and neutrophil phagocytosis. Bacterial growth was measured by plating bacteria and counting viable colonies, reading culture absorbance, and live-dead staining with confocal microscopy imaging. Following initial comparison of activating stimuli, TLR3-agonist pIC protocols (cell density during activation and plating, culture time, %serum) were further optimized for bactericidal activity and secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte-chemoattractant-protein (MCP-1), and cathelicidin/LL37. RESULTS MSCs stimulation with pIC (p = .004) and IE-DAP (p = .03) promoted increased bactericidal activity, evidenced by reduced viable planktonic colony counts. PIC stimulation (2 × 106 cells/ml, 2 h, 10 μg/ml) further suppressed biofilm formation (p = .001), enhanced neutrophil bacterial phagocytosis (p = .009), increased MCP-1 secretion (p < .0001), and enhanced cathelicidin/LL-37 production, which was apparent when serum concentration in media was reduced to 1% (p = .01) and 2.5% (p = .05). CONCLUSION TLR-3 pIC MSCs activation was most effective to enhance antibacterial and cytokine responses, which were affected by serum reduction. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In vitro TLR-3 activation of equine MSCs tested here may be a strategy to improve antibacterial properties of MSCs to treat antibiotic-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Pezzanite
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - Valerie Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregg M Griffenhagen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - Laurie Goodrich
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
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Marrazzo P, Crupi AN, Alviano F, Teodori L, Bonsi L. Exploring the roles of MSCs in infections: focus on bacterial diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:437-450. [PMID: 30729280 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite human healthcare advances, some microorganisms continuously react evolving new survival strategies, choosing between a commensal fitness and a pathogenic attitude. Many opportunistic microbes are becoming an increasing cause of clinically evident infections while several renowned infectious diseases sustain a considerable number of deaths. Besides the primary and extensively investigated role of immune cells, other cell types are involved in the microbe-host interaction during infection. Interestingly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the current leading players in cell therapy approaches, have been suggested to contribute to tackling pathogens and modulating the host immune response. In this context, this review critically explores MSCs' role in E. coli, S. aureus, and polymicrobial infections. Summarizing from various studies, in vitro and in vivo results support the mechanistic involvement of MSCs and their derivatives in fighting infection and in contributing to microbial spreading. Our work outlines the double face of MSCs during infection, disease, and sepsis, highlighting potential pitfalls in MSC-based therapy due to the MSCs' susceptibility to pathogens' weapons. We also identify potential targets to improve infection treatments, and propose the potential applications of MSCs for vaccine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Teodori
- Diagnostics and Metrology, FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Enea Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Zhu Y, Wang Q, Tang X, Yao G, Sun L. Mesenchymal stem cells enhance autophagy of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in vitro. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:280-287. [PMID: 29974509 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional autophagy in intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (IBECs) is the main mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of bile duct lesions in primary biliary cholangitis. Autophagy may be a key pathogenesis for aetiology of primary biliary cholangitis. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses were used for the evaluation of autophagy in human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (HiBECs) at various time points. Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC) induced autophagy in HiBECs; the ratio of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II/microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-I (LC3-II/LC3-I) expression markedly increased at 48 hours, and then declined. However, compared with cells treated with GCDC alone, the expression of LC3-II increased and the clearance of autophagosome enhanced in GCDC-treated cells cocultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, the level of phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) decreased in HiBECs cocultured with MSCs relative to those cultured without MSCs. Following STAT3 silencing, decreased expression of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α was consistently observed. The present data suggest that mesenchymal stem cells may enhance autophagic flux of HiBECs through the inhibition of STAT3 activity. SIGNIFICANCE PARAGRAPH The present findings constitute the first report that human umbilical cord-derived MSCs enhance autophagic flux in HiBECs through a STAT3-dependent way: MSCs enhance the autophagic flux by increasing the formation of autophagosome and autolysosome in GCDC-treated HiBECs. MSCs decrease the STAT3 activity and the expression of eIF2α in GCDC-treated HiBECs; in addition, MSCs increase the expression of PKR. With STAT3 silencing, MSCs enhance neither the levels of LC3II nor the expression of PKR in GCDC-treated HiBECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Bouglé A, Rocheteau P, Hivelin M, Haroche A, Briand D, Tremolada C, Mantz J, Chrétien F. Micro-fragmented fat injection reduces sepsis-induced acute inflammatory response in a mouse model. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:1249-1259. [PMID: 30442252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe sepsis has a high mortality rate. There is increasing evidence that human mesenchymal stem cells possess immunomodulatory properties in sepsis, particularly those from adipose tissue. We hypothesised that micro-fragmented human fat, obtained with minimal alteration of the stromal vascular niche, attenuates the inflammatory response and improves outcome in a murine model of sepsis. METHODS Micro-fragmented fat, lipoaspirate, or saline was administered intraperitoneally 2 h after caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57Bl/6RJ ketamine-xylazine anaesthetised mice. The primary endpoint was the inflammatory score. Secondary endpoints included survival, physiological, histological, and biological parameters. RESULTS In CLP mice, micro-fragmented fat administration significantly decreased the median (range) inflammatory score compared with saline [17 (14-20) vs 9 (8-12), P=0.006]. Secondary endpoints were also significantly improved in micro-fragmented fat-treated compared with saline-treated CLP mice. Improvement in inflammatory score and in survival was suppressed when micro-fragmented fat was co-administered with liposomes loaded with clodronate (macrophage toxin) or NS-398 (cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor), but not with SC-560 (cyclo-oxygenase 1 inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS In a murine model of severe sepsis, micro-fragmented fat improved early inflammatory status and outcome, at least in part, by a cyclo-oxygenase-2-mediated mechanism. The potential therapeutic value of micro-fragmented fat in severe sepsis warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bouglé
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Rocheteau
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - M Hivelin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Haroche
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France
| | - D Briand
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France
| | | | - J Mantz
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Université Paris-Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - F Chrétien
- Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France; TRIGGERSEP, F-CRIN Network, Versailles, France; Neuropathology Laboratory, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Sepsis and Associated Organ Dysfunction: A Promising Future or Blind Alley? Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7304121. [PMID: 29098010 PMCID: PMC5618761 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7304121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, newly defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, is the most common cause of death in ICUs and one of the principal causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the understanding of fundamental mechanisms of sepsis, translation of these advances into clinically effective therapies has been disappointing. Given the extreme complexity of sepsis pathogenesis, the paradigm “one disease, one drug” is obviously flawed and combinations of multiple targets that involve early immunomodulation and cellular protection are needed. In this context, the immune-reprogramming properties of cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent an emerging therapeutic strategy in sepsis and associated organ dysfunction. This article provides an update of the current knowledge regarding MSC in preclinical models of sepsis and sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Recommendations for further translational research in this field are discussed.
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Johnson V, Webb T, Norman A, Coy J, Kurihara J, Regan D, Dow S. Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Interact with Antibiotics and Host Innate Immune Responses to Control Chronic Bacterial Infections. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9575. [PMID: 28851894 PMCID: PMC5575141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic bacterial infections associated with biofilm formation are often difficult to resolve without extended courses of antibiotic therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exert antibacterial activity in vitro and in acute bacterial infection models, but their activity in chronic infection with biofilm models has not been previously investigated. Therefore, we studied the effects of MSC administration in mouse and dog models of chronic infections associated with biofilms. Mice with chronic Staphylococcus aureus implant infections were treated by i.v. administration of activated or non-activated MSC, with or without antibiotic therapy. The most effective treatment protocol was identified as activated MSC co-administered with antibiotic therapy. Activated MSC were found to accumulate in the wound margins several days after i.v. administration. Macrophages in infected tissues assumed an M2 phenotype, compared to untreated infections which contained predominately M1 macrophages. Bacterial killing by MSC was found to be mediated in part by secretion of cathelicidin and was significantly increased by antibiotics. Studies in pet dogs with spontaneous chronic multi drug-resistant wound infections demonstrated clearance of bacteria and wound healing following repeated i.v. administration of activated allogeneic canine MSC. Thus, systemic therapy with activated MSC may be an effective new, non-antimicrobial approach to treatment of chronic, drug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Johnson
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tracy Webb
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Annalis Norman
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jonathan Coy
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jade Kurihara
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Regan
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA.
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Single-Cell Phosphospecific Flow Cytometric Analysis of Canine and Murine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. J Vet Med 2017; 2017:5701016. [PMID: 28900631 PMCID: PMC5576408 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5701016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis of canine and murine adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ADSCs). ADSCs were obtained from clinically healthy laboratory beagles and C57BL/6 mice. Cell differentiation into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes was observed for the cultured canine ADSCs (cADSCs) and murine ADSCs (mADSCs) to determine their multipotency. We also performed single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis related to cell differentiation and stemness. Cultured cADSCs and mADSCs exhibited the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In addition, single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis revealed similar β-catenin and Akt phosphorylation between mADSCs and cADSCs. On the other hand, it showed the phosphorylation of different Stat proteins. It was determined that cADSCs and mADSCs show the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Furthermore, a difference in protein phosphorylation between undifferentiated cADSCs and mADSCs was identified.
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Park H, Ryu K, Kim YH, Choi WJ, Ko D. The effects of etomidate and midazolam on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. Korean J Anesthesiol 2016; 69:614-618. [PMID: 27924203 PMCID: PMC5133234 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2016.69.6.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stem cell therapy using adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), which are capable of multipotent differentiation, is currently being investigated in the field of tissue regeneration and the treatment of patients in intensive care units. It is known that type-A γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor activity has an influence on stem cell proliferation. Thus, we investigated the effects of the clinically available GABAA receptor agonists, etomidate and midazolam, on ADSC proliferation measured by the cell counting kit-8 assay. Methods ADSCs cultured in control medium or adipogenic differentiation medium for 15 days were divided into 5 treatment groups: non-medicated (Control) and 4 groups including treatment with etomidate or midazolam at 1 and 50 µM (n = 3 per group). The cell counting kit-8 assay was performed for determining the cell proliferation in both medium groups at day 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 in culture. The absorbance values at 450 nm were then measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader and statistically compared among groups. Results There was no significant difference in cell proliferation profiles among the 5 groups at any time point in both control and adipogenic differentiation media. Conclusions Etomidate and midazolam did not influence ADSC proliferation under both media when compared to the non-medicated group and there was no dose-dependent effect of etomidate and midazolam on ADSC viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Park
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Kyoungho Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Hong Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Jun Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongchan Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wang K, Wu D, Chen Z, Zhang X, Yang X, Yang CJ, Lan X. Inhibition of the superantigenic activities of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A by an aptamer antagonist. Toxicon 2016; 119:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Hajighasemi F, Mirshafiey A. In Vitro Effects of Propranolol on T Helper Type 1 Cytokine Profile in Human Leukemic T Cells. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2016; 10:99-105. [PMID: 27252810 PMCID: PMC4888155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cytokines are a large group of proteins play a key role in inflammation. Down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines has beneficial effect on heart function. Propranolol, as a non selective beta-adrenergic blocker, has been extensively used for treatment of many cardiovascular problems such as arrhythmias and heart malfunction. In addition anti-inflammatory effects of propranolol have been revealed. In this study the propranolol effect on T helper type 1 cytokine profile in human leukemic T cells has been assessed in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human leukemic T cells (Molt-4 and Jurkat) were cultured in complete RPMI medium. The cells were then incubated with different concentrations of propranolol (0.03- 30 µM) in the presence or absence of PHA (10 µg/ml) for 48 hours. The supernatants of cell culture media were collected and used for cytokines assay. RESULTS Propranolol significantly decreased the T helper type 1 cytokine profile [Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Interferon- γ (IFN-γ)] production in PHA stimulated Molt-4 and Jurkat cells, after 48 hour of incubation time, dose-dependently compared to untreated control cells. CONCLUSION Our data showed a dose dependent inhibitory effect of propranolol on the IL-2 and IFN-γ production in human leukemic Molt-4 and Jurkat cells. The anti- inflammatory effect of propranolol reported by other investigators may be in part due to its suppressive effect on production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-γ. So, propranolol along with its chronic long-term usage in cardiovascular problems may have potential implication in treatment of inflammatory-based disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hajighasemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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