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Register KB, Nicholson TL, Brunelle BW. Comparison of ribotyping and sequence-based typing for discriminating among isolates of Bordetella bronchiseptica. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 129:117-126. [PMID: 27542997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PvuII ribotyping and MLST are each highly discriminatory methods for genotyping Bordetella bronchiseptica, but a direct comparison between these approaches has not been undertaken. The goal of this study was to directly compare the discriminatory power of PvuII ribotyping and MLST, using a single set of geographically and genetically diverse strains, and to determine whether subtyping based on repeat region sequences of the pertactin gene (prn) provides additional resolution. One hundred twenty-two isolates were analyzed, representing 11 mammalian or avian hosts, sourced from the United States, Europe, Israel and Australia. Thirty-two ribotype patterns were identified; one isolate could not be typed. In comparison, all isolates were typeable by MLST and a total of 30 sequence types was identified. An analysis based on Simpson's Index of Diversity (SID) revealed that ribotyping and MLST are nearly equally discriminatory, with SIDs of 0.920 for ribotyping and 0.919 for MLST. Nonetheless, for ten ribotypes and eight MLST sequence types, the alternative method discriminates among isolates that otherwise type identically. Pairing prn repeat region typing with ribotyping yielded 54 genotypes and increased the SID to 0.954. Repeat region typing combined with MLST resulted in 47 genotypes and an SID of 0.944. Given the technical and practical advantages of MLST over ribotyping, and the nominal difference in their SIDs, we conclude MLST is the preferred primary typing tool. We recommend the combination of MLST and prn repeat region typing as a high-resolution, objective and standardized approach valuable for investigating the population structure and epidemiology of B. bronchiseptica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Register
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, United States.
| | - Tracy L Nicholson
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, United States
| | - Brian W Brunelle
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, United States
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Register KB, Ivanov YV, Harvill ET, Davison N, Foster G. Novel, host-restricted genotypes of Bordetella bronchiseptica associated with phocine respiratory tract isolates. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2015; 161:580-92. [PMID: 25627438 PMCID: PMC4811649 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During a succession of phocine morbillivirus outbreaks spanning the past 25 years, Bordetella bronchiseptica was identified as a frequent secondary invader and cause of death. The goal of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity and the molecular basis for host specificity among seal isolates from these outbreaks. MLST and PvuII ribotyping of 54 isolates from Scottish, English or Danish coasts of the Atlantic or North Sea revealed a single, host-restricted genotype. A single, novel genotype, unique from that of the Atlantic and North Sea isolates, was found in isolates from an outbreak in the Caspian Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based either on MLST sequence, ribotype patterns or genome-wide SNPs consistently placed both seal-specific genotypes within the same major clade but indicates a distinct evolutionary history for each. An additional isolate from the intestinal tract of a seal on the south-west coast of England has a genotype otherwise found in rabbit, guinea pig and pig isolates. To investigate the molecular basis for host specificity, DNA and predicted protein sequences of virulence genes that mediate host interactions were used in comparisons between a North Sea isolate, a Caspian Sea isolate and each of their closest relatives as inferred from genome-wide SNP analysis. Despite their phylogenetic divergence, fewer nucleotide and amino acid substitutions were found in comparisons of the two seal isolates than in comparisons with closely related strains. These data indicate isolates of B. bronchiseptica associated with respiratory disease in seals comprise unique, host-adapted and highly clonal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Register
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Yury V Ivanov
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, W-213 Millennium Science Complex, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Eric T Harvill
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, W-213 Millennium Science Complex, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Nick Davison
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme SAC Consulting Veterinary Services, Drummondhill, Stratherrick Road, Inverness IV2 4JZ, UK
| | - Geoffrey Foster
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme SAC Consulting Veterinary Services, Drummondhill, Stratherrick Road, Inverness IV2 4JZ, UK
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Bordetella parapertussis outbreak in Bisham, Pakistan in 2009–2010: fallout of the 9/11 syndrome. Epidemiol Infect 2015; 143:2619-23. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268814003732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYPertussis or whooping cough is a highly contagious community disease mainly caused by Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis. We report a minor outbreak of whooping cough (2009–2010) in symptomatic subjects from Bisham, near Swat, Khyber Pukhtoonkhawa province, Pakistan. Interestingly, our results show that all the culture-positive isolates (n = 21) collected from children (average age 3·46 years), were identified as B. parapertussis after routine identification tests and PCR IS481, IS1001 and IS1002. Furthermore, in the affected patients, none had received immunization with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DTPw) vaccine. Therefore, the possibility of the re-emergence of the disease due to limitation of basic health services as a result of the political unrest due to the 9/11 situation is also examined. Moreover, we discuss the importance of vaccinating both adults and children with DTPwPaw vaccine containing both organisms for better protection.
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Hegerle N, Guiso N. Bordetella pertussisand pertactin-deficient clinical isolates: lessons for pertussis vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:1135-46. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.932254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Godfroid F, Denoël P, Poolman J. Are vaccination programs and isolate polymorphism linked to pertussis re-emergence? Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 4:757-78. [PMID: 16221076 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.4.5.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Whooping cough remains an endemic disease, and the re-emergence of pertussis in older children and adolescents has been reported in several countries, despite high vaccine coverage. Polymorphism of Bordetella pertussis has been observed over time, and some characteristics of pertussis isolates have gradually diverged from the vaccine strains. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on B. pertussis variability in countries with different vaccination programs and discusses its potential impact on the recently observed increased incidence of whooping cough. No direct association between B. pertussis isolate variability and vaccination programs has been observed to date, except for shifts from fimbriae Fim2 to Fim3. More likely explanations for the re-emergence of pertussis include the change in the epidemiology and transmission patterns of pertussis in highly vaccinated populations, and a shift of disease from young children to adolescents and adults due to waning protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Godfroid
- DAP Bacterial Vaccine Preclinical Immunology, Research & Development, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rue de l'Institut 89, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium.
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Register KB, Sukumar N, Palavecino EL, Rubin BK, Deora R. Bordetella bronchiseptica in a paediatric cystic fibrosis patient: possible transmission from a household cat. Zoonoses Public Health 2012; 59:246-50. [PMID: 22212633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01446.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a zoonotic respiratory pathogen commonly found in domesticated farm and companion animals, including dogs and cats. Here, we report isolation of B. bronchiseptica from a sputum sample of a cystic fibrosis patient recently exposed to a kitten with an acute respiratory illness. Genetic characterization of the isolate and comparison with other isolates of human or feline origin strongly suggest that the kitten was the source of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Register
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA.
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Bokhari H, Said F, Syed MA, Mughal A, Kazi YF, Kallonen T, He Q, King AJ, Heuvelman K, Mooi FR. Molecular typing ofBordetella parapertussisisolates circulating in Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:373-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2011.00861.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Effectiveness of the whole-cell pertussis vaccine produced in Poland against different Bordetella parapertussis isolates in the mouse intranasal challenge model. Vaccine 2011; 29:5488-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bouchez V, Brun D, Dore G, Njamkepo E, Guiso N. Bordetella parapertussis isolates not expressing pertactin circulating in France. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:675-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pertactin is required for Bordetella species to resist neutrophil-mediated clearance. Infect Immun 2010; 78:2901-9. [PMID: 20421378 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00188-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertactin (PRN) is an autotransporter protein produced by all members of the Bordetella bronchiseptica cluster, which includes B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica. It is a primary component of acellular pertussis vaccines, and anti-PRN antibody titers correlate with protection. In vitro studies have suggested that PRN functions as an adhesin and that an RGD motif located in the center of the passenger domain is important for this function. Two regions of PRN that contain sequence repeats (region 1 [R1] and R2) show polymorphisms among strains and have been implicated in vaccine-driven evolution. We investigated the role of PRN in pathogenesis using B. bronchiseptica and natural-host animal models. A Deltaprn mutant did not differ from wild-type B. bronchiseptica in its ability to adhere to epithelial and macrophage-like cells in vitro or to establish respiratory infection in rats but was cleared much faster than wild-type bacteria in a mouse lung inflammation model. Unlike wild-type B. bronchiseptica, the Deltaprn mutant was unable to cause a lethal infection in SCID-Bg mice, but, like wild-type bacteria, it was lethal for neutropenic mice. These results suggest that PRN plays a critical role in allowing Bordetella to resist neutrophil-mediated clearance. Mutants producing PRN proteins in which the RGD motif was replaced with RGE or in which R1 and R2 were deleted were indistinguishable from wild-type bacteria in all assays, suggesting that these sequences do not contribute to PRN function.
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Bouchez V, Brun D, Cantinelli T, Dore G, Njamkepo E, Guiso N. First report and detailed characterization of B. pertussis isolates not expressing Pertussis Toxin or Pertactin. Vaccine 2009; 27:6034-41. [PMID: 19666155 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis isolates not expressing Pertussis Toxin (PT) or Pertactin (PRN) have been collected, for the first time in 2007, in France, a highly vaccinated country with acellular vaccines. Non-expression was due to deletion of the entire ptx locus, to IS481 insertion in the prn gene or deletion of a part of this gene. Genome sequencing does not indicate any regions of differences when compared to other circulating isolates. It nevertheless shows some sequence differences and an increased number of repeated sequences. The infant infected by the isolate not expressing pertussis toxin, did not present hyperlymphocytosis. All isolates were found less pathogen in animal or cellular models; their circulation raises the problem of clinical and biological diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bouchez
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Prévention et Thérapie Moléculaires des Maladies Humaines, URA-CNRS 3012, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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Rath BA, Register KB, Wall J, Sokol DM, Van Dyke RB. Persistent Bordetella bronchiseptica Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Infant and Genetic Comparison of Clinical Isolates with Kennel Cough Vaccine Strains. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46:905-8. [DOI: 10.1086/528858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Shin EK, Jung R, Hahn TW. Polymorphism of pertactin gene repeat regions in Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates from pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2007; 69:771-4. [PMID: 17675813 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.69.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica pertactin (prn) is an outer membrane protein which has been implicated as both an adhesin and a protective antigen that induces immunity against atrophic rhinitis in pigs. Previous studies demonstrated extensive heterogeneity of the prn sequence within two distinct regions of amino acid repeats for B. bronchiseptica isolated from the United States and Europe. By deducing the amino acid sequences of the repeat regions of the prn gene from recent isolates from Korea, two region 1 variants and five region 2 variants were identified. Five pertactin types were distinguished based on combinations of variants of both regions. Interestingly, none of the field isolates have the same pertactin type as the B. bronchiseptica P4 strain widely used to vaccinate pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Shin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Register KB, Yersin AG. Analytical verification of a PCR assay for identification of Bordetella avium. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:5567-73. [PMID: 16272488 PMCID: PMC1287781 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.11.5567-5573.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Revised: 08/01/2005] [Accepted: 08/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella avium is the etiologic agent of turkey coryza or bordetellosis, a respiratory disease responsible for substantial economic losses to the turkey industry. At present, identification of this bacterium relies on isolation and biochemical testing. Although a PCR for the detection of B. avium was proposed a number of years ago, lack of analytical verification precludes its use as a diagnostic tool. Furthermore, a number of details pertaining to the reaction conditions used are missing or unclear. In the present study we have identified an optimal set of PCR conditions for use with the previously described primer pair and determined the limit of detection under these conditions to be approximately 20 pg. Assay sensitivity is 100%, based on an analysis of 72 B. avium isolates from diverse geographic locations and covering a time span of at least 25 years. Evaluation of a separate group of 87 bacterial isolates from poultry, comprising both gram-positive and gram-negative commensals and pathogens representing 11 genera, demonstrated an assay specificity of 98.8%. Reproducibility is 100% using either purified genomic DNA or boiled cell lysates less than 3 days old. Sequence analysis of the B. avium PCR amplicons identified only three occasional sequence polymorphisms. These data indicate the B. avium PCR assay can provide clinically significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Register
- Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA/ARS/National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, 2300 Dayton Road, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
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Gzyl A, Augustynowicz E, Mosiej E, Zawadka M, Gniadek G, Nowaczek A, Slusarczyk J. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) versus randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as new tools for inter- and intra-species differentiation within Bordetella. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54:333-346. [PMID: 15770017 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.45690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Automated amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques with fluorescently labelled primers were used to track differences among isolates of the eight known species of the Bordetella genus. Eighty-one representative strains of these species from international and Polish bacterial collections were genotyped according to RAPD protocols using primer 1254 or 1247, and AFLP involving EcoRI/MseI or newly designed SpeI/ApaI restriction/ligation/amplification procedures. By comparing AFLP and RAPD data, it was concluded that the discriminatory power of AFLP is higher in comparison with RAPD for both intra- and inter-species differentiation of isolates of the Bordetella genus. The most precise level of inter-species discrimination and the highest level of intra-species discrimination of the Bordetella isolates of the eight species were observed in the AFLP EcoRI/MseI and SpeI/ApaI sets, respectively. Both techniques might provide alternative tools for the identification of Bordetella at the genomic species and strain levels, and thus may be valuable in human and veterinary diagnostics as well as in epidemiology. By applying the AFLP technique presented in this article, more precise data on the emergence of newly acquired and/or on expanded clones and transmission routes of isolates of the Bordetella genus in the human and animal environments might be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gzyl
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Augustynowicz
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Mosiej
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Zawadka
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gniadek
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Nowaczek
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Slusarczyk
- Department of Sera and Vaccine Evaluation, National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland 2Interfaculty Studies of Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 00-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Mäkinen J, Mertsola J, Soini H, Arvilommi H, Viljanen MK, Guiso N, He Q. PFGE and pertactin gene sequencing suggest limited genetic variability within the Finnish Bordetella parapertussis population. J Med Microbiol 2003; 52:1059-1063. [PMID: 14614063 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.05434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The outer-membrane protein pertactin (Prn) of Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica is believed to function as an adhesin and is an important immunogen. The emergence of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica Prn variants has been reported. The aim of this study was to determine whether similar variation is found in B. parapertussis Prn and to characterize Finnish clinical B. parapertussis isolates that were collected in 1982-2000. Of 76 B. parapertussis isolates studied, seven (9 %) were found to have silent and non-silent nucleotide changes. In addition, one (1 %) had eight PQP repeats instead of nine. Three closely related B. parapertussis XbaI PFGE patterns were found. Genetic variation of B. parapertussis was found to be very limited, suggesting that B. parapertussis is a stable organism that is well-adapted to its own ecological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Mäkinen
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Hanna Soini
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Heikki Arvilommi
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Matti K Viljanen
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Guiso
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Qiushui He
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Human Microbial Ecology and Inflammation1 and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku2, Turku, Finland 3Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 4Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5Unité des Bordetella, Centre National de Référence des Bordetelles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Kourova N, Caro V, Weber C, Thiberge S, Chuprinina R, Tseneva G, Guiso N. Comparison of the Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis isolates circulating in Saint Petersburg between 1998 and 2000 with Russian vaccine strains. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:3706-11. [PMID: 12904379 PMCID: PMC179792 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.41.8.3706-3711.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis isolates circulating in Saint Petersburg that were collected between 1998 and 2000 and compared them with isolates collected 40 years ago and Russian vaccine strains. The analysis involved serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA after digestion with XbaI and SpeI, and sequencing of the ptxS1 and prn genes, which encode the S1 subunit of the pertussis toxin and the major adhesin pertactin, respectively. The Russian isolates were classified in five of the six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis groups identified in other European countries. The B. pertussis isolates currently circulating in Saint Petersburg differed from the Russian whole-cell vaccine strains and the isolates collected in the prevaccine era. However, their repartition in the major pulsed-field gel electrophoresis groups was slightly different from that of isolates collected in countries that have had a high level of vaccine coverage for a long time, probably because the level of vaccine coverage in Saint Petersburg has increased only recently, after decreasing until the early 1990s. Most of the B. parapertussis isolates studied were similar to those circulating in France. However, some variants were observed, perhaps because B. parapertussis infections are more common in children in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Kourova
- Bacterial Respiratory Infections Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Lorenzo-Pajuelo B, Villanueva JL, Rodríguez-Cuesta J, Vergara-Irigaray N, Bernabeu-Wittel M, Garcia-Curiel A, Martínez de Tejada G. Cavitary pneumonia in an AIDS patient caused by an unusual Bordetella bronchiseptica variant producing reduced amounts of pertactin and other major antigens. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:3146-54. [PMID: 12202545 PMCID: PMC130797 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.40.9.3146-3154.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Bordetella bronchiseptica can infect and colonize immunocompromised humans, its role as a primary pathogen in pneumonia and other respiratory processes affecting those patients remains controversial. A case of cavitary pneumonia caused by B. bronchiseptica in an AIDS patient is presented, and the basis of the seemingly enhanced pathogenic potential of this isolate (designated 814) is investigated. B. bronchiseptica was the only microorganism recovered from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and samples taken through the protected brush catheter. Unlike previous work reporting the involvement of B. bronchiseptica in cases of pneumonia, antibiotic treatment selected on the basis of in vitro antibacterial activity resulted in clearance of the infection and resolution of the pulmonary infiltrate. Although isolate 814 produced reduced amounts of several major antigens including at least one Bvg-activated factor (pertactin), the molecular basis of this deficiency was found to be BvgAS independent since the defect persisted after the bvgAS locus of isolate 814 was replaced with a wild-type bvgAS allele. Despite its prominent phenotype, isolate 814 displayed only a modest yet a significant deficiency in its ability to colonize the respiratory tracts of immunocompetent rats at an early time point. Interestingly, the antibody response elicited by isolate 814 in these animals was almost undetectable. We propose that isolate 814 may be more virulent in immunocompromised patients due, at least in part, to its innate ability to produce low amounts of immunogenic factors which may be required at only normal levels for the interaction of this pathogen with its immunocompetent natural hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Lorenzo-Pajuelo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
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19
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Pertussis: An Old Disease That is Still With Us *. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2002. [DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200206000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Our knowledge of pathogenesis, clinical presentation and prevention of pertussis has improved substantially over recent years. We now better understand the function of long-known virulence factors for Bordetella pertussis, and genome sequencing has identified a multitude of new proteins; their functions are yet to be elucidated. Furthermore, improved diagnostic tools have revealed the broad spectrum of disease, and new insights into the host's immune response have been gained. Finally, the development, evaluation, licensing and implementation of several new acellular pertussis vaccines with high acceptance have changed the epidemiology of pertussis in many countries (i.e. a shift towards an increasing burden of disease in adolescent persons and adults). These developments are likely to have great impact on the daily practice not only of paediatricians, but also of general practitioners, internists, gynaecologists and many other specialists in adolescent and adult medicine. The present review provides an update on recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Heininger
- University Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
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21
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Guiso N. La coqueluche : germes et immunité naturelle. Med Mal Infect 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(01)80092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Abstract
The Bordetella bronchiseptica outer membrane protein pertactin is believed to function as an adhesin and is an important protective immunogen. Previous sequence analysis of the pertactin gene identified two regions predicted to encode amino acid repeat motifs. Recent studies have documented DNA sequence heterogeneity in both regions. The present study describes additional variants in these regions, which form the basis for six novel pertactin types. Immunoblotting demonstrated phenotypic heterogeneity in pertactin consistent with the predicted combined sizes of the repeat regions. A revised system for classifying B. bronchiseptica pertactin variants is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Register
- Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
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23
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Locht C, Antoine R, Jacob-Dubuisson F. Bordetella pertussis, molecular pathogenesis under multiple aspects. Curr Opin Microbiol 2001; 4:82-9. [PMID: 11173039 DOI: 10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies, including those based on genomics, have demonstrated that besides toxins and adhesins, Bordetella pertussis uses many additional virulence determinants. Most of them are part of the BvgAS regulon, although some, in particular iron-uptake systems, are independent of BvgAS. They are regulated by iron, although in one case, the production of a siderophore receptor could be linked to the BvgAS regulon.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Locht
- INSERM U447, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, F-59019, Lille Cedex, France.
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24
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Abstract
The genus Bordetella comprises seven species with pathogenic potential for different host organisms. This article attempts to review our current knowledge about the systematics and evolution of this important group of pathogens, their relationship to environmental microorganisms and about molecular mechanisms of host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gerlach
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany
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