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Reil I, Duvnjak S, Špičić S, Kompes G, Bagarić A, Đuras M, Gudan Kurilj A, Lukač M, Jelić M, Zdelar-Tuk M. Isolation of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Avium from a Wild Eurasian Otter (Lutra Lutra). Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:591. [PMID: 39061273 PMCID: PMC11273438 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium is pathogenic mainly to birds, although cases of mycobacteriosis caused by these bacteria have also been reported in other animals and humans. Not much is known about the effects of this pathogen on otters. The aim of this study was to report for the first time the isolation of M. avium subsp. avium in wild otter and to describe its multidrug resistance profile. A female otter injured in a car accident was found dead and subjected to postmortem examination. Apart from the trauma changes, no other macroscopic pathological changes were detected. Bacteriologic examination revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli in the lymph nodes, which were confirmed by molecular methods as M. avium subsp. avium. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed susceptibility to clarithromycin and amikacin, but resistance to linezolid, moxifloxacin, streptomycin, isoniazid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and ethionamide. This is unusual for wild species, which generally should not come into contact with antimicrobials, and may suggest that multidrug-resistant MAC strains are circulating between wild and domestic animals. These results emphasise the need for additional epidemiological studies on non-tuberculous mycobacteria in wildlife and their implications for one health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Reil
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
| | - Sanja Duvnjak
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
| | - Silvio Špičić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
| | - Gordan Kompes
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
| | - Antonela Bagarić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
| | - Martina Đuras
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (A.G.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Andrea Gudan Kurilj
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (A.G.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Maja Lukač
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (A.G.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Mišel Jelić
- Varaždin City Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Šetalište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera 1, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia;
| | - Maja Zdelar-Tuk
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.R.); (S.Š.); (G.K.); (A.B.); (M.Z.-T.)
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Imperiale BR, Mancino MB, Moyano RD, de la Barrera S, Morcillo NS. In vitro and ex vivo activity of the fluoroquinolone DC-159a against mycobacteria. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:306-314. [PMID: 38438500 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-024-00709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health problem. In 2021, it was estimated almost half a million of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. Besides, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are highly resistant to several drugs and the emergence of fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistant M. tuberculosis (Mtb) is also a global concern making treatments difficult and with variable outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of the FQ, DC-159a, against Mtb and NTM and to explore the cross-resistance with the currently used FQs.A total of 12 pre-extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mtb, 2 XDR, 36 fully drug susceptible strains and 41 NTM isolates were included to estimate the in vitro activity of DC-159a, moxifloxacin (MOX) and levofloxacin (LX), using minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC). The activity inside the human macrophages and pulmonary epithelial cells were also determined.DC-159a was active in vitro and ex vivo against mycobacteria. Besides, it was more active than MOX/LX. Moreover, no cross-resistance was evidenced between DC-159a and LX/MOX as DC-159a could inhibit Mtb and MAC strains that were already resistant to LX/MOX.DC-159a could be a possible candidate in new therapeutic regimens for MDR/ XDR-TB and mycobacterioses cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén R Imperiale
- Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX)-CONICET, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires City, Argentina.
| | - María B Mancino
- Dr. Cetrángolo Hospital, Florida, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Roberto D Moyano
- IABIMO-CONICET, INTA CiCVyA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Silvia de la Barrera
- Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX)-CONICET, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires City, Argentina
| | - Nora S Morcillo
- Dr. Cetrángolo Hospital, Florida, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
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Tikute P, Narang D, Chandra M, Turkar S, Gupta K. Detection of the Mycobacterium avium complex in dogs with lymphadenitis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2023; 24:320-327. [PMID: 38799288 PMCID: PMC11127736 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2023.45268.6651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is connected to human immunosuppressive diseases, including HIV-AIDS, and may pose a zoonotic threat. MAC causes lymphadenopathy in children, respiratory infection in adults, and generalized infection in immunocompromised individuals. Infection with nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in humans is now primarily brought on by MAC. Recently, MAC members have emerged as pathogenic organisms for animals and humans. While dogs are generally resistant to mycobacterial infections, there have been some cases of infection that result in systemic or disseminated diseases. The organisms can be transmitted to dogs through oral contact, and their faeces can be a possible source of infection for dog owners. It is important to note that this ailment is zoonotic, especially if infected pet dogs are in prolonged contact with their humans. Aims The study was planned to demonstrate the occurrence of MAC organisms and other Mycobacteria in dogs associated with lymphadenopathy cases with special emphasis on lymphadenitis. Methods A total of 123 samples (100 lymph node aspirates, 15 lymph node tissues, and 8 blood samples) from 83 dogs suspected of lymphadenitis accompanied by gastroenteritis, chronic skin infections, immunosuppression, chronic pulmonary diseases, and other chronic undiagnosed diseases were studied. The samples were processed for cytological and microscopic examination by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Following the decontamination procedure, the aspiration and lymph node tissue samples were inoculated into Middlebrook 7H11 media for up to 8 weeks. The aspirated material was also directly used for molecular detection by triplex-nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay. Results A cytological study revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation of the lymph node tissue. Impression smears from lymph node tissues displayed the presence of acid-fast organisms. Out of 83 cases of dogs, 8 were found to be positive for Mycobacterium spp. Among those 8 positive cases, 3 were confirmed to belong to MAC, and 5 belonged to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB complex). Conclusion MAC and MTB are the underestimated bacteria that could be the causative agents of lymphadenitis in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Tikute
- MVSc Student in Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - D. Narang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - M. Chandra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - S. Turkar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - K. Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
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Blanco Vázquez C, Barral TD, Romero B, Queipo M, Merediz I, Quirós P, Armenteros JÁ, Juste R, Domínguez L, Domínguez M, Casais R, Balseiro A. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Infection in Eurasian Badger ( Meles meles) and Cattle in Asturias, Spain. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051294. [PMID: 33946463 PMCID: PMC8147139 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of the present work was to investigate the prevalence, spatial distribution, and temporal distribution of tuberculosis in 673 free-ranging Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) and cattle from Asturias (Atlantic Spain) during a 13-year follow-up. The study objective was to assess the role of badgers as a reservoir of tuberculosis for cattle and other sympatric wild species in the region. During the follow-up, 27/639 badgers (4.23%) were positive for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on bacterial isolation, while 160/673 (23.77%) were positive based on P22 ELISA. Badger infection was spatially and temporally associated with cattle herd infection. Abstract The present work investigated the prevalence, spatial distribution, and temporal distribution of tuberculosis (TB) in free-ranging Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) and cattle in Asturias (Atlantic Spain) during a 13-year follow-up. The study objective was to assess the role of badgers as a TB reservoir for cattle and other sympatric wild species in the region. Between 2008 and 2020, 673 badgers (98 trapped and 575 killed in road traffic accidents) in Asturias were necropsied, and their tissue samples were cultured for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) isolation. Serum samples were tested in an in-house indirect P22 ELISA to detect antibodies against the MTC. In parallel, data on MTC isolation and single intradermal tuberculin test results were extracted for cattle that were tested and culled as part of the Spanish National Program for the Eradication of Bovine TB. A total of 27/639 badgers (4.23%) were positive for MTC based on bacterial isolation, while 160/673 badgers (23.77%) were found to be positive with the P22 ELISA. The rate of seropositivity was higher among adult badgers than subadults. Badger TB status was spatially and temporally associated with cattle TB status. Our results cannot determine the direction of possible interspecies transmission, but they are consistent with the idea that the two hosts may exert infection pressure on each other. This study highlights the importance of the wildlife monitoring of infection and disease during epidemiological interventions in order to optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Blanco Vázquez
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario del Principado de Asturias (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (C.B.V.); (R.C.)
| | - Thiago Doria Barral
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40.110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Beatriz Romero
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria VISAVET, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.R.); (L.D.)
| | - Manuel Queipo
- Servicio de Sanidad y Producción Animal del Principado de Asturias, 33007 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain;
| | - Isabel Merediz
- Laboratorio Regional de Sanidad Animal del Principado de Asturias, 33201 Gijón, Asturias, Spain;
| | - Pablo Quirós
- Dirección General del Medio Natural y Planificación Rural del Principado de Asturias, 33007 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (P.Q.); (J.Á.A.)
| | - José Ángel Armenteros
- Dirección General del Medio Natural y Planificación Rural del Principado de Asturias, 33007 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (P.Q.); (J.Á.A.)
| | - Ramón Juste
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria VISAVET, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.R.); (L.D.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Domínguez
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rosa Casais
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario del Principado de Asturias (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (C.B.V.); (R.C.)
| | - Ana Balseiro
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas, Grulleros, 24346 León, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Shin MK, Shin SJ. Genetic Involvement of Mycobacterium avium Complex in the Regulation and Manipulation of Innate Immune Functions of Host Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063011. [PMID: 33809463 PMCID: PMC8000623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), a collection of mycobacterial species representing nontuberculous mycobacteria, are characterized as ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogens. The incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases caused by MAC have been emerging globally due to complications in the treatment of MAC-pulmonary disease (PD) in humans and the lack of understating individual differences in genetic traits and pathogenesis of MAC species or subspecies. Despite genetically close one to another, mycobacteria species belonging to the MAC cause diseases to different host range along with a distinct spectrum of disease. In addition, unlike Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the underlying mechanisms for the pathogenesis of MAC infection from environmental sources of infection to their survival strategies within host cells have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we highlight unique genetic and genotypic differences in MAC species and the virulence factors conferring the ability to MAC for the tactics evading innate immune attacks of host cells based on the recent advances in genetic analysis by exemplifying M. avium subsp. hominissuis, a major representative pathogen causing MAC-PD in humans. Further understanding of the genetic link between host and MAC may contribute to enhance host anti-MAC immunity, but also provide novel therapeutic approaches targeting the pangenesis-associated genes of MAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea;
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-1813
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Paharsingh I, Suepaul R, Gyan L, Hosein A, Pargass I. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection and ascites in an FIV-positive cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2020; 49:465-469. [PMID: 32966658 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A domestic shorthair cat was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at The University of the West Indies with a history of anorexia, ataxia, and lethargy. On physical examination, moderate abdominal distension and a palpable abdominal fluid wave were noted. Dark yellow, cloudy fluid was collected via abdominocentesis. Fluid analysis indicated that the effusion was a transudate containing low numbers of macrophages and occasional neutrophils. Some of the macrophages contained rod-shaped nonstaining structures of variable length (2-4 um). These structures were also seen extracellularly in low numbers. The morphology of the structures was suggestive of Mycobacterium. The cat's condition continued to deteriorate, and it died within a few hours of being admitted. Further diagnostic tests revealed feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection with concurrent Mycobacterium avium subsp hominissuis infection. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of nontubercular mycobacterial-related ascites in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Paharsingh
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Rod Suepaul
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lana Gyan
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Fisheries, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Ansarah Hosein
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Indira Pargass
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
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Differential Genotyping of Mycobacterium avium Complex and Its Implications in Clinical and Environmental Epidemiology. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8010098. [PMID: 31936743 PMCID: PMC7022546 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the incidence and prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have greatly increased, becoming a major worldwide public health problem. Among numerous NTM species, the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the most predominant species, causing disease in humans. MAC is recognized as a ubiquitous microorganism, with contaminated water and soil being established sources of infection. However, the reason for the recent increase in MAC-associated disease has not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, human MAC infections are associated with a variety of infection sources. To improve the determination of infection sources and epidemiology of MAC, feasible and reliable genotyping methods are required to allow for the characterization of the epidemiology and biology of MAC. In this review, we discuss genotyping methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, a variable number of tandem repeats, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable number of tandem repeats, and repetitive element sequence-based PCR that have been applied to elucidate the association between the MAC genotypes and epidemiological dominance, clinical phenotypes, evolutionary process, and control measures of infection. Characterizing the association between infection sources and the epidemiology of MAC will allow for the development of novel preventive strategies for the effective control of MAC infection.
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Kanegi R, Yasugi M, Nabetani T, Tanaka T, Wada Y, Hirai K, Sugiura K, Hatoya S. Clinical findings and treatment of disseminated 'Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis' infection in a domestic cat. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1842-1849. [PMID: 31666444 PMCID: PMC6943314 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A cat was referred because of diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Close examinations
revealed a swollen abdominal lymph node and multiple nodules of the liver.
Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis infection
was confirmed by culture and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of samples recovered
from the liver and bronchoalveolar lavage. After administration of combination antibiotics
for 6 months, culture results were negative. Though atonic seizures were observed during
the treatment, it disappeared after isoniazid discontinuation and pyridoxal phosphate
administration. On day 771 of illness, no clinical signs, lung diseases, or obvious
swelling of lymph nodes was observed. This is the first report to confirm
Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis infection
in cats through gene analysis and to completely cure it with combination antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Kanegi
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mayo Yasugi
- Department of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Nabetani
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yusuke Wada
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hirai
- Higashi Kishiwada Animal Hospital, 2-30-15 Habucho, Kishiwada, Osaka 596-0825, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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Schiavano GF, De Santi M, Sisti M, Amagliani G, Brandi G. Disinfection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in drinking tap water using ultraviolet germicidal irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:3221-3227. [PMID: 28862077 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1375028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria are resistant to conventional water treatments, and are opportunistic human pathogen, particularly in hospitalized patients. The aim of this investigation was to assess the effectiveness of an ultraviolet UV-C lamp treatment against Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in drinking tap water. Ultraviolet treatments (0-192 mJ/cm2) were performed using UV lamp immerged onto cylindrical glass tubes containing artificially contaminated water. The results showed that susceptibility to UV varied considerably according to the strains and the diameter of the tube. With a dose of 32 mJ/cm2, a significant inactivation (p < .05) of 3 log (99.9%) or more was obtained in only 5 of the 14 strains. To obtain a complete inactivation of all strains an irradiation of 192 mJ/cm2 was needed, a dose that is much higher than the limits recommended by the international standards for UV disinfection of drinking water. In conclusion, it may be difficult to standardize a UV dose for the elimination of waterborne mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Fiorella Schiavano
- a Department of Biomolecular Science, Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences Unit , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino , PU , Italy
| | - Mauro De Santi
- a Department of Biomolecular Science, Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences Unit , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino , PU , Italy
| | - Maurizio Sisti
- a Department of Biomolecular Science, Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences Unit , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino , PU , Italy
| | - Giulia Amagliani
- a Department of Biomolecular Science, Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences Unit , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino , PU , Italy
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- a Department of Biomolecular Science, Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences Unit , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino , PU , Italy
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Bezos J, Álvarez-Carrión B, Rodríguez-Bertos A, Fernández-Manzano Á, de Juan L, Huguet C, Briones V, Romero B. Evidence of disseminated infection by Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in a pet ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Res Vet Sci 2016; 109:52-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Rónai Z, Csivincsik Á, Dán Á, Gyuranecz M. Molecular analysis and MIRU-VNTR typing of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, 'hominissuis' and silvaticum strains of veterinary origin. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 40:192-199. [PMID: 26964909 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Besides Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), M. avium subsp. avium (MAA), M. avium subsp. silvaticum (MAS), and 'M. avium subsp. hominissuis' (MAH) are equally important members of M. avium complex, with worldwide distribution and zoonotic potential. Genotypic discrimination is a prerequisite to epidemiological studies which can facilitate disease prevention through revealing infection sources and transmission routes. The primary aim of this study was to identify the genetic diversity within 135 MAA, 62 MAS, and 84 MAH strains isolated from wild and domestic mammals, reptiles and birds. Strains were tested for the presence of large sequence polymorphism LSP(A)17 and were submitted to Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis at 8 loci, including MIRU1, 2, 3, and 4, VNTR25, 32, and 259, and MATR9. In 12 strains hsp65 sequence code type was also determined. LSP(A)17 was present only in 19.9% of the strains. All LSP(A)17 positive strains belonged to subspecies MAH. The discriminatory power of the MIRU-VNTR loci set used reached 0.9228. Altogether 54 different genotypes were detected. Within MAH, MAA, and MAS strains 33, 16, and 5 different genotypes were observed. The described genotypes were not restricted to geographic regions or host species, but proved to be subspecies specific. Our knowledge about MAS is limited due to isolation and identification difficulties. This is the first study including a large number of MAS field strains. Our results demonstrate the high diversity of MAH and MAA strains and the relative uniformity of MAS strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Rónai
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO), P.O. Box 2, 1581 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ágnes Csivincsik
- University of Kaposvar, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Guba Sándor u. 40., 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dán
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO), P.O. Box 2, 1581 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Gyuranecz
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21., 1143 Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis of Respiratory and Household Water Biofilm Isolates of "Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis" with Establishment of a PCR Database. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:891-901. [PMID: 26739155 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02409-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
"Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.hominissuis" is an important cause of pulmonary disease. It is acquired from environmental sources, but there is no methodology for large population studies. We evaluated the potential of variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis. Clinical and household biofilmM. aviumisolates underwent molecular identification. Testing for IS901was done to separateM. aviumsubsp.aviumfromM. aviumsubsp.hominissuis VNTR types were defined using VNTR loci, and subtyping was performed using 3'hsp65and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Forty-nine VNTR types and eight subtypes ofM. aviumsubsp.hominissuis(IS901negative) were identified among 416 isolates ofM. aviumfrom 121 patients and 80 biofilm sites. Of those types, 67% were found only among patient isolates, 11% only among household water isolates, and 23% among both. Of 13 VNTR types that included ≥4 patients, the majority (61.5%) represented geographic clustering (same city). Most VNTR types with multiple patients belonged to the same 3'hsp65sequence code (sequevar). A total of 44 isolates belonging to fourM. aviumsubsp.hominissuisVNTR types (8%), including three with the rare Mav-F ITS sequence and 0/8 subspecies, produced amplicons with IS901PCR primers. By sequencing, all 44 amplicons were not IS901but ISMav6, which was recently observed in Japan but had not been previously described among U.S. isolates. VNTR analysis ofM. aviumsubsp.hominissuisisolates is easier and faster than pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Seven VNTR loci separated 417 isolates into 49 types. No isolates ofM. aviumsubsp.aviumwere identified. The distributions of the VNTR copy numbers, the allelic diversity, and the low prevalence of ISMav6 differed from the findings for respiratory isolates reported from Japan.
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13
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Halstrom S, Price P, Thomson R. Review: Environmental mycobacteria as a cause of human infection. Int J Mycobacteriol 2015; 4:81-91. [PMID: 26972876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are recognized as a problem in immunodeficient individuals and are increasingly common in older people with no known immune defects. NTM are found in soil and water, but factors influencing transmission from the environment to humans are mostly unknown. Studies of the epidemiology of NTM disease have matched some clinical isolates of NTM with isolates from the patient's local environment. Definitive matching requires strain level differentiation based on molecular analyses, including partial sequencing, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR, repetitive element (rep-) PCR and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of large restriction fragments. These approaches have identified hospital and residential showers and faucets, hot-tubs and garden soil as sources of transmissible pathogenic NTM. However, gaps exist in the literature, with many clinical isolates remaining unidentified within environments that have been tested, and few studies investigating NTM transmission in developing countries. To understand the environmental reservoirs and transmission routes of pathogenic NTM, different environments, countries and climates must be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Halstrom
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Room 513, Level 5, Mayne Medical Building, Herston Campus, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Newdegate Street, Greenslopes, Brisbane, QLD 4120, Australia.
| | - Patricia Price
- School of Biomedical Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
| | - Rachel Thomson
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Room 513, Level 5, Mayne Medical Building, Herston Campus, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Newdegate Street, Greenslopes, Brisbane, QLD 4120, Australia.
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14
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Molecular identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. silvaticum by duplex high-resolution melt analysis and subspecies-specific real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:1582-7. [PMID: 25740770 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03556-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate identification of mycobacterial species and subspecies is essential to evaluate their significance and to perform epidemiological studies. The subspecies of Mycobacterium avium have different attributes but coincide in their zoonotic potential. Our knowledge about M. avium subsp. silvaticum is limited, since its identification is uncertain. Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. silvaticum can be discriminated from each other based only on phenotypic characteristics, as they have almost identical genome sequences. Here we describe the development of a diagnostic method which enables the molecular identification of M. avium subsp. silvaticum and discrimination from M. avium subsp. avium based on genomic differences in a duplex high-resolution melt and M. avium subsp. silvaticum-specific mismatch real-time PCR. The developed assay was tested on reference strains and 199 field isolates, which were analyzed by phenotypic methods previously. This assay not only identified all 63 M. avium subsp. silvaticum and 138 M. avium subsp. avium strains correctly but also enabled the detection of mixed M. avium subsp. avium-M. avium subsp. silvaticum cultures. This is the first time that such a large panel of strains has been analyzed, and we also report the first isolation of M. avium subsp. silvaticum from red fox, red deer, wild boar, cattle, and badger. This assay is reliable, rapid, simple, inexpensive, and robust. It eliminates the long-existing problem of ambiguous phenotypic identification and opens up the possibility for detailed and comprehensive strain studies.
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15
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Genetic characterization of German Mycobacterium avium strains isolated from different hosts and specimens by multilocus sequence typing. Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 304:941-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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16
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Leão C, Canto A, Machado D, Sanches IS, Couto I, Viveiros M, Inácio J, Botelho A. Relatedness of Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis clinical isolates of human and porcine origins assessed by MLVA. Vet Microbiol 2014; 173:92-100. [PMID: 25085520 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is an important opportunistic pathogen, infecting humans and animals, notably pigs. Several methods have been used to characterize MAH strains. RFLP and PFGE typing techniques have been used as standard methods but are technically demanding. In contrast, the analysis of VNTR loci is a simpler, affordable and highly reliable PCR-based technique, allowing a numerical and reproductive digitalization of typing data. In this study, the analysis of Mycobacterium avium tandem repeats (MATRs) loci was adapted to evaluate the genetic diversity of epidemiological unrelated MAH clinical strains of human (n=28) and porcine (n=69) origins, collected from diverse geographical regions across mainland Portugal. These MAH isolates were found to be genetically diverse and genotypes are randomly distributed across the country. Some of the human strains shared identical VNTR profiles with porcine isolates. Our study shows that the VNTR genotyping using selected MATR loci is a useful analysis technique for assessing the genetic diversity of MAH isolates from Portugal. This typing method could be successfully applied in other countries toward the implementation of a worldwide open-access database of MATR-VNTR profiles of MAH isolates, allowing a better assessment of the global epidemiology traits of this important pathogenic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Leão
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, IP), Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos (CREM), Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Canto
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, IP), Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Machado
- Grupo de Micobactérias, Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical da Universidade Nova deLisboa (IHMT/UNL), Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ilda Santos Sanches
- Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos (CREM), Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Isabel Couto
- Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos (CREM), Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Grupo de Micobactérias, Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical da Universidade Nova deLisboa (IHMT/UNL), Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Viveiros
- Grupo de Micobactérias, Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical da Universidade Nova deLisboa (IHMT/UNL), Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Inácio
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, IP), Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ana Botelho
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, IP), Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal.
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17
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Subspecies identification and significance of 257 clinical strains of Mycobacterium avium. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:1201-6. [PMID: 24501026 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03399-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium is abundant in the environment. It has four subspecies of three types: the human or porcine type, M. avium subsp. hominissuis; the bird type, including M. avium subsp. avium serotype 1 and serotype 2, 3 (also M. avium subsp. silvaticum); and the ruminant type, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. We determined the subspecies of 257 M. avium strains isolated from patients at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center from 2001 to 2010 and assessed their clinical significance. An assay of multiplex PCR was used for the typing. Results showed M. avium subsp. hominissuis to be most common (n = 238, 92.6%), followed by M. avium subsp. avium serotype 1 (n = 12, 4.7%) and serotype 2, 3 (n = 7, 2.7%). No strains of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were found. Of the 238 patients with M. avium subsp. hominissuis, 65 (27.3%) showed evidence of definite or probable infections, mostly in the respiratory tract, whereas the rest had weak evidence of infection. The bird-type subspecies, despite being infrequently isolated, caused relatively more definite and probable infections (10 of 19 strains, 52.6%). Overall, women of 50 years of age or older were more prone to M. avium infection than younger women or men of all ages were. We therefore conclude that M. avium subsp. hominissuis is the dominant M. avium subspecies clinically, that the two bird-type subspecies do cause human infections, and that M. avium infects mainly postmenopausal women. The lack of human clinical isolation of the ruminant type subspecies may need further investigation.
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18
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Douarre PE, Cashman W, Buckley J, Coffey A, O'Mahony JM. High resolution melting PCR to differentiate Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis“cattle type” and “sheep type”. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 88:172-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Molecular epidemiology of mycobacteriosis in wildlife and pet animals. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2011; 15:1-23, v. [PMID: 22244110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The ecology of mycobacteria is shifting in accordance with environmental change and new patterns of interaction between wildlife, humans, and nondomestic animals. Infection of vertebrate hosts throughout the world is greater now than ever and includes a growing prevalence in free ranging and captive wild animals. Molecular epidemiologic studies using standardized methods with high discriminatory power are useful for tracking individual cases and outbreaks, identifying reservoirs, and describing patterns of transmission and are used with increasing frequency to characterize disease wildlife. This review describes current features of mycobacteriosis in wildlife species based on traditional descriptive studies and recent molecular applications.
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20
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Castellanos E, Aranaz A, De Buck J. PCR amplification and high-resolution melting curve analysis as a rapid diagnostic method for genotyping members of the Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex. Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 16:1658-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Efficient differentiation of Mycobacterium avium complex species and subspecies by use of five-target multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48:4057-62. [PMID: 20810779 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00904-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are on the rise in both human and veterinary medicine. A means of effectively discriminating among closely related yet pathogenetically diverse members of the MAC would enable better diagnosis and treatment as well as further our understanding of the epidemiology of these pathogens. In this study, a five-target multiplex PCR designed to discriminate MAC organisms isolated from liquid culture media was developed. This MAC multiplex was designed to amplify a 16S rRNA gene target common to all Mycobacterium species, a chromosomal target called DT1 that is unique to M. avium subsp. avium serotypes 2 and 3, to M. avium subsp. silvaticum, and to M. intracellulare, and three insertion sequences, IS900, IS901, and IS1311. The pattern of amplification results allowed determination of whether isolates were mycobacteria, whether they were members of the MAC, and whether they belonged to one of three major MAC subspecies, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. avium subsp. avium, and M. avium subsp. hominissuis. Analytical sensitivity was 10 fg of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genomic DNA, 5 to 10 fg of M. avium subsp. avium genomic DNA, and 2 to 5 fg of DNA from other mycobacterial species. Identification accuracy of the MAC multiplex was evaluated by testing 53 bacterial reference strains consisting of 28 different mycobacterial species and 12 nonmycobacterial species. Identification accuracy in a clinical setting was evaluated for 223 clinical MAC isolates independently identified by other methods. Isolate identification agreement between the MAC multiplex and these comparison assays was 100%. The novel MAC multiplex is a rapid, reliable, and simple assay for discrimination of MAC species and subspecies in liquid culture media.
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22
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Epidemiological investigation of a Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis outbreak in swine. Epidemiol Infect 2010; 139:143-8. [PMID: 20653991 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268810001779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) infection in swine may cause granulomatous lesions in lymph nodes that must undergo differential diagnosis with those caused by M. tuberculosis complex members. Moreover, MAH outbreaks can lead to severe economic losses due to condemnation of carcasses. A number of potential sources of infection for animals can usually be identified in contaminated farms. This report describes the application of several molecular characterization techniques in order to identify the possible environmental sources of MAH infection in an outbreak involving four breeding farms and six fattening farms. Molecular profiles obtained from MAH strains suggested a likely epidemiological link between clinical and environmental isolates cultured from sawdust and cooling systems from one breeding farm. These results highlight the potential risk posed by these environmental elements in the spread of infection and the need for implementation of adequate management practices in order to minimize this risk.
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23
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Park JH, Shim TS, Lee SA, Lee H, Lee IK, Kim K, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium intracellulare-related strains based on the sequence analysis of hsp65, internal transcribed spacer and 16S rRNA genes. J Med Microbiol 2010; 59:1037-1043. [PMID: 20522624 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.020727-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the molecular epidemiological features of 94 Mycobacterium intracellulare-related strains, isolated from Korean patients, using sequence analysis targeting 3 independent chronometer molecules, hsp65, the internal transcribed spacer 1 region and the 16S rRNA gene. By collective consideration of these three gene-based approaches, the 94 strains were divided into 5 groups (INT1, INT2, INT3, INT4 and INT5). The frequencies of genotype INT1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the 94 isolates were 57.4 % (54), 27.7 % (26), 6.4 % (6), 5.3 % (5) and 3.2 % (3), respectively. When correlations between genotypes and clinical parameters (age, sex, radiological type and the presence of a cavity) were analysed in 78 patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary diseases, no relationships were observed with respect to age, sex and radiological type, but genotype and the presence of a cavity tended to be related (P=0.051).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hee Park
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sun Shim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ae Lee
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungki Lee
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyung Lee
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hoh Kook
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
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24
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Ichikawa K, Yagi T, Moriyama M, Inagaki T, Nakagawa T, Uchiya KI, Nikai T, Ogawa K. Characterization of Mycobacterium avium clinical isolates in Japan using subspecies-specific insertion sequences, and identification of a new insertion sequence, ISMav6. J Med Microbiol 2009; 58:945-950. [PMID: 19502362 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.008623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium (n=81) from patients with pulmonary infections who were HIV-negative and isolates (n=33) from HIV-positive patients were subjected to genetic analysis by PCR detection of three M. avium-specific insertion sequences (IS901, IS1245 and IS1311), and nucleotide sequencing of the heat-shock protein 65 (hsp65) gene. All clinical isolates were identified as 'M. avium subspecies hominissuis' by sequence analysis of hsp65. Compared with clinical isolates of M. avium reported elsewhere, IS1245 was found less frequently in Japanese isolates (96/114 isolates, 84%) and IS901 was detected more frequently (76/114 isolates, 67%). One isolate was found to lack IS1311, which has not been reported previously for 'M. avium subsp. hominissuis'. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR products for IS901 revealed that all clinical isolates had the same new insertion sequence, designated ISMav6, which had 60 point mutations compared with the nucleotide sequence of the original IS901. These results suggest that 'M. avium subsp. hominissuis' with ISMav6 is prevalent in Japan. ISMav6 may have implications for the virulence of M. avium and contribute to an increase of M. avium infections in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of National University Hospital for Infection Control, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Makoto Moriyama
- Department of Pharmacy, National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan.,Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan
| | - Takayuki Inagaki
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan
| | - Taku Nakagawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Uchiya
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nikai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan.,Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan
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