1
|
Lappin MR, Fitzgerald R. Pradofloxacin for Treatment of Bartonella henselae in Experimentally Inoculated Cats. Pathogens 2024; 13:336. [PMID: 38668291 PMCID: PMC11054596 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bartonella henselae is associated with numerous clinical syndromes in people. Cats are the definitive hosts for B. henselae, develop high levels of bacteremia, and are associated with human infections, particularly in the presence of Ctenocephalides felis. Several antibiotic protocols used for the treatment of B. henselae infection in cats have failed to clear bacteremia. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a high-dose pradofloxacin protocol to eliminate B. henselae bacteremia. Bartonella henselae infection was initiated in 8 cats by intravenous inoculation of infected feline blood and then pradofloxacin was administered at 7.5 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for 28 days, starting 12 weeks after inoculation. Complete blood cell counts were performed prior to pradofloxacin administration and then every 2 weeks for 10 weeks. Bartonella PCR assay was performed prior to pradofloxacin administration and approximately every 2 weeks for 10 weeks and then weekly for 4 weeks. Methylprednisolone acetate (5 mg/kg) was administered by intramuscular injection to all cats on week 10. The cats remained normal and none developed a hematocrit, platelet count, lymphocyte count, or neutrophil count outside of the normal reference ranges. In the one month prior to pradofloxacin administration, all cats were PCR-positive for Bartonella DNA on at least two of four sample dates; after pradofloxacin administration, all cats were negative for B. henselae DNA in blood on all nine sample dates. The protocol appears to be safe and failure to amplify B. henselae DNA from the blood after the administration of pradofloxacin and one dose of methylprednisolone acetate suggests either an antibiotic effect or the organism was cleared spontaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Lappin
- Center for Companion Animal Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Ronan Fitzgerald
- Elanco Animal Health, Innovation Way, Greenfield, IN 46140, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lins KDA, Piveta CSC, Levy CE, Drummond MR, dos Santos LS, Sussulini A, Velho PENF. The influence of growth time on the identification of Bartonella henselae strains by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2024; 66:e9. [PMID: 38324875 PMCID: PMC10846483 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202466009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bartonella spp. are bacteria responsible for neglected diseases worldwide. Bartonella henselae is the species most associated with human infections. It is associated with a large spectrum of clinical manifestations and is potentially fatal. The identification of Bartonella spp. is considered a challenge in clinical routine. These bacteria are fastidious, and the time required to isolate them varies from one to six weeks. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry has emerged as an application for research on Bartonella spp. , and has still been little explored. We investigated whether three different B. henselae strains with different growth times-14 and 28 days-could be correctly identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectra fingerprint comparison and matching. We found that the spectra from strains with different growth times do not match each other, leading to misidentification. We suggest creating database entries with multiple spectra from strains with different growth times to increase the chances of accurate identification of Bartonella spp. by MALD-TOF MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina de Almeida Lins
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Dermatologia, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Santos Cruz Piveta
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Emilio Levy
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Dermatologia, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciene Silva dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Dermatologia, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Sussulini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Santos LSD, Drummond MR, Goulart IMB, França AFEDC, Souza EMD, Ferreira Velho PEN. Bartonella henselae as a putative trigger for chronic type 2 leprosy reactions. Braz J Infect Dis 2023; 27:103701. [PMID: 37980941 PMCID: PMC10709108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2023.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leprosy reactions are an acute inflammatory phenomenon that can arise before diagnosis, during treatment, or after cure of leprosy. These reactions are considered one of the main diseases that cause physical disabilities. Immunosuppressive treatment for these immune responses makes these patients susceptible to coinfections, which can trigger new leprosy reactions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of infection by Bartonella sp. in blood samples from 47 patients who had untreatable episodes of type 2 leprosy reactions for more than six months, comparing them with a control group. Cultures and molecular methods (PCR) were used. Amplicons from species-specific reactions and sequencing showed a higher prevalence of Bartonella henselae infection in patients, 19/47 (40.4 %), compared to control, 9/50 (18.0 %), p = 0.0149. Five patients accepted treatment for coinfection, and all showed improvement in leprosy reactions with treatment for B. henselae infection. We conclude that these bacteria can trigger chronic reactions of type 2 leprosy and should be investigated in these patients. SUMMARY LINE: Patients who have chronic type 2 leprosy reactions are more susceptible to Bartonella henselae infection than controls: 19/47 (40.4 %) compared 9/50 (18.0 %), p = 0.0149.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciene Silva Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maria Bernardes Goulart
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Centro Nacional de Referência em Dermatologia Sanitária e Hanseníase, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Elemir Macedo de Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Dermatologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Dermatologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mu X, Liang J, Qian L, Zhou B, Zou X, Fu Y, Zhu Y, Li X, Shi J. Genome Analysis of ST1 Bartonella henselae, a Zoonotic Pathogen Causing Endocarditis in an Elderly Patient in China. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6079-6084. [PMID: 37719652 PMCID: PMC10503507 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s422345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease but with high associated mortality. Currently, the mainstays of diagnosis are still echocardiography and blood cultures. Here, we reported a case of infective endocarditis with negative blood cultures, and blood and aortic valve tissue metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) results suggested Bartonella henselae. In addition, we obtained the whole genomic sequence of B. henselae ZJBH strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. henselae genomic analysis isolated from clinic in China. Furthermore, we described the whole genome sequencing (WGS) data incorporating all B. henselae from diverse sources worldwide and shed light on underlying risk of B. henselae transmitted between cats and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Mu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianghong Liang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linyan Qian
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehan Zou
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongze Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiana Shi
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Drummond MR, Santos LSD, Souza LB, Mitsuushi GN, Cintra ML, França AFEDC, Souza EMD, Velho PENF. Detection of Bartonella henselae DNA in the blood of patients with livedoid vasculopathy. An Bras Dermatol 2023:S0365-0596(23)00066-1. [PMID: 36973097 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Livedoid vasculopathy (LV) manifests as ulcers and atrophic white scars on the lower extremities. The main known etiopathogenesis is hypercoagulability with thrombus formation, followed by inflammation. Thrombophilia, collagen and myeloproliferative diseases may induce LV, but the idiopathic (primary) form predominates. Bartonella sp. may cause intra-endothelial infection and skin manifestations caused by these bacteria may be diverse, including leukocytoclastic vasculitis and ulcers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of bacteremia by Bartonella spp. in patients with difficult-to-control chronic ulcers diagnosed as primary LV. METHODS Questionnaires and molecular tests (conventional PCR, nested PCR and real-time PCR) were applied and liquid and solid cultures were performed in the blood samples and blood clot of 16 LV patients and 32 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Bartonella henselae DNA was detected in 25% of LV patients and in 12.5% of control subjects but failed to reach statistically significant differences (p = 0.413). STUDY LIMITATIONS Due to the rarity of primary LV, the number of patients studied was small and there was greater exposure of the control group to risk factors for Bartonella spp. INFECTION CONCLUSION Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, the DNA of B. henselae was detected in one of every four patients, which reinforces the need to investigate Bartonella spp. in patients with primary LV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rovani Drummond
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luciene Silva Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lais Bomediano Souza
- Department of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nero Mitsuushi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Cintra
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Elemir Macedo de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Velho PENF, Drummond MR. Severe acute hepatitis in children: Proposal to investigate Bartonella henselae with a multistep platform. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010949. [PMID: 36520680 PMCID: PMC9754202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Okrent Smolar AL, Breitschwerdt EB, Phillips PH, Newman NJ, Biousse V. Cat scratch disease: What to do with the cat? Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 28:101702. [PMID: 36147775 PMCID: PMC9485036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cat scratch disease (CSD) frequently has ophthalmologic manifestations. The ophthalmologist's approach to treating neuroretinitis is familiar, but few eye care providers are comfortable answering the next question of “what do I do with my cat?” Published guidelines are often vague in answering the complexities of real-life conundrums that can lead patients and their doctors to believe that risk mitigation should involve removal of the animal. Here, we present demonstrative scenarios informed by clinical practice and provide updated recommendations. Observations A 10-year-old boy presented with reduced vision in the right eye. Funduscopic examination identified optic nerve head edema with subretinal fluid, and a macular star developed one week later, consistent with the diagnosis of neuroretinitis. Serology confirmed Bartonella henselae antibodies and a diagnosis of CSD. The father disclosed that the family has recently adopted three kittens, who have scratched the boy and the patient's younger sister. The physician and patient's family find themselves at a loss regarding best practices for what should be done with the kittens. Conclusions and Importance B. henselae has been detected in a variety of mammals and can be transmitted via vectors such as fleas. Even well-appearing animals can transmit the bacteria, months to years after their initial infection. Symptoms, clinical and laboratory findings will depend on bacterial load and strain virulence, as well as the physiological/immunological status of the host, with people at the extremes of age and the immunocompromised being at greater disease risk. Flea control is crucial to minimize transmission risk. Our veterinary expert (EBB) recommends testing (with serology and PCR) and treating infected animals (with doxycycline and a quinolone). Patients should be counseled to speak with their pets’ veterinarian. When addressing the concerns of our CSD patients in clinical practice, ophthalmologists should be aware of the strategies for minimizing Bartonella transmission risk, and cognizant of the One Health approach for managing zoonoses.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cruz TNDAO, Gonçalves LR, Furquim MEC, André MR, Munhoz AD, Carlos RSA, Silva FL. Threat under cats' claws: Molecular detection and risk factors for zoonotic Bartonella species in blood and claw samples from cats in Brazil. Acta Trop 2022; 232:106496. [PMID: 35508269 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bartonelloses are zoonoses widely dispersed throughout the world caused by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. Domestic cats play an important role in the epidemiology of bartonelloses, since these animals are considered natural hosts of B. henselae, B. koehlerae and B. clarridgeiae. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in domestic cats' blood and claw samples in the southern region of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Additionally, the main clinical and hematological changes in Bartonella-positive animals were investigated, as well as the risk factors associated with the infection. For this purpose, 188 indoor house domestic cats were clinically evaluated and submitted to claw and blood sample collection. Additionally, data regarding the clinical history of the animals were recorded. Out of 188 cats' blood samples, 20.7% (39/188) were positive in the qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene. Out of 39 claw samples collected, 23.9% (9/39) were positive for Bartonella spp. The parameters of the blood and claw samples ranged from 1.42 to 395,000 and 4.32 - 108,000 copies/μL of a fragment of Bartonella nuoG gene, respectively. The amplified sequences shared identity ranging from 99% to 100% with the three main cat-related Bartonella species. Higher platelet values (p = 0.0082) were observed in animals positive for Bartonella spp. Young and unsterilized cats with outdoor access were more prone to infection by Bartonella spp. The data reported here demonstrated the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in blood and claw samples from cats in northeastern Brazil showing no significant clinical and hematological disorders.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sayed ASM, Alsaadawy RM, Ali MM, Abd El-Hamid RF, Baty RS, Elmahallawy EK. Serological and Molecular Detection of Bartonella henselae in Cats and Humans From Egypt: Current Status and Zoonotic Implications. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:859104. [PMID: 35498750 PMCID: PMC9047710 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.859104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bartonellosis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular bacterium of genus Bartonella. The disease has a worldwide distribution and cats represent the major reservoir of this disease. Despite its global distribution, very limited previous studies have investigated the occurrence of bartonellosis in cats and their owners in Egypt. In an endeavor to explore this topic, we investigated the occurrence of Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) infection in 225 samples (blood, saliva, and claw) obtained from 75 healthy cats in Upper Egypt. These samples were routinely obtained during veterinary clinic visits. This study also involved an examination of 100 humans, including cat owners and people with a history of contact with cats. Attempted isolation and identification of B. henselae in cats were also performed. Furthermore, PCR was performed for molecular identification of B. henselae in blood samples from cats. Meanwhile, an immunofluorescent assay was performed to study the seroprevalence of B. henselae infection in humans. In this study, B. henselae could not be isolated from any of the examined blood, saliva, or claw samples from cats. Interestingly, B. henselae was identified molecularly in 8% (6/75) of blood samples from cats. The seroprevalence of B. henselae in humans was 46% and its occurrence was higher in females (46.6%) than in males (41.7%) (P = 0.748). B. henselae infection was higher among cat owners [51.4% (19/37)] than among people with a history of contact with cats [42.9% (27/63)] (P = 0.410). Infection was higher in rural regions [79.5% (31/39)] than in urban regions [24.6% (15/61)] (P < 0.001). Collectively, this data provide interesting baseline information about the occurrence of B. henselae in cats and humans in Upper Egypt, which reflects the potential zoonotic transmission of this bacterium. Future study is mandatory to explore the occurrence of B. henselae in major reservoirs in Egypt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal S. M. Sayed
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Amal S. M. Sayed
| | - Reem M. Alsaadawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Magda M. Ali
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Rawhia F. Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Roua Sami Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gonçalves JM, Cardoso TL, de Freitas SB, Woloski R, Neto ACPS, da Silva Pinto L, de Lemos ES, Hartwig DD. In silico analyses and design of chimeric proteins containing epitopes of Bartonella henselae antigens for the control of cat scratch disease. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:8079-8091. [PMID: 36383248 PMCID: PMC9667432 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bartonella henselae is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes cat scratch disease (CSD), as well as bacteremia, endocarditis, and other clinical presentations. CSD remains one of the most common infections caused by bacteria in the genus Bartonella, and it is transmitted to humans through a scratch or cat bite. Vaccination and more efficient diagnostic methods would represent a promising and sustainable alternative measure for CSD control in humans and animals. Here, we described the in silico analyses and design of three recombinant chimeric proteins (rC1, rC2, and rC3), for use in the control of CSD. The chimeras were constructed with epitopes identified from the sequences of the GroEL, 17 kDa, P26, BadA, Pap31, OMP 89, and OMP 43, previously described as the most important B. henselae antigens. The rC1, rC2, and rC3 were expressed and purified using a heterologous system based on Escherichia coli and reacted with antibodies present in the sera of humans naturally infected. The chimeric proteins were used to immunize mice using Freund adjuvant, and the humoral immune response was evaluated. Animals immunized with rC1 and rC3 showed a significant IgG antibodies response from the 28th day (P < 0.05), and the animals immunized with the rC2 from the 35th day (P < 0.05) remained until the 56th day of experimentation, with a titer of 1:3200 (P < 0.05), 1:1600 (P < 0.05) and 1:1600 (P < 0.05) from rC1, rC2, and rC3, respectively. Significant production of IgA and IgG1 isotype was detected in animals immunized with rC1 and rC2 proteins. Additionally, analysis using 13 serum samples from naturally infected patients showed that the proteins are recognized by antibodies present in sera, reinforcing the possibility of using these chimeras for CSD control. KEY POINTS: • The recombinant chimeras were expressed in Escherichia coli with 37 kDa (rC1), 35 kDa (rC2), and 38 kDa (rC3). • Animals immunized with rC1, rC2, and rC3 showed significant antibody response. • The chimeras were recognized by the sera of naturally infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jênifer Malheiros Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia E Bioensaios (LaBBio), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil ,Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Thayná Laner Cardoso
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia E Bioensaios (LaBBio), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Stella Buchhorn de Freitas
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia E Bioensaios (LaBBio), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil ,Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Rafael Woloski
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia E Bioensaios (LaBBio), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Pinto
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil
| | - Elba Sampaio de Lemos
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses E Rickettsioses (LHR), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Daiane Drawanz Hartwig
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia E Bioensaios (LaBBio), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil ,Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul Brazil ,Biology Institute, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS CEP 96010–900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Maria HKSD, Gazzoli E, Drummond MR, Almeida ARD, Santos LSD, Pereira RM, Tresoldi AT, Velho PENF. Two-year history of lymphadenopathy and fever caused by Bartonella henselae in a child. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e15. [PMID: 35195167 PMCID: PMC8853666 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 6-year-old boy that presented with enlarged lymph nodes
on his neck. He complained of tiredness and discouragement, which worsened
during feverish periods. There were no relevant laboratory test abnormalities
and serological tests were not reactive. Bartonella henselae
DNA was detected by species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. After
treatment, the patient progressed with no fever or lymphadenopathy.
Bartonellosis is a group of infectious diseases caused by bacteria of the genus
Bartonella. This case report is a useful reminder to
clinicians that long-term fever of unknown origin can be related to B.
henselae infection, even if the specific serology is not
reactive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Gazzoli
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Furquim MEC, do Amaral R, Dias CM, Gonçalves LR, Perles L, Lima CADP, Barros-Battesti DM, Machado RZ, André MR. Genetic diversity and Multilocus Sequence Typing Analysis of Bartonella henselae in domestic cats from Southeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 2021; 222:106037. [PMID: 34224716 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bartonella henselae is the causative agent for the infectious disease Cat Scratch Disease (CSD), which can be fatal. Domestic and wild felines are known to be its main mammal reservoirs. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in cats sampled in São Paulo (SP) and Minas Gerais (MG) States, Southeastern Brazil. Based on a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay, a Bartonella sp. nuoG gene fragment was detected in 39.9% (122/306) of the blood samples (46/151 cats of SP; 76/155 cats of MG). The blood samples were submitted to a pre-enrichment culture technique that allowed the detection of 12 additional positive samples, which showed to be negative in the qPCR using DNA blood samples as templates. Furthermore, five B. henselae isolates were obtained from qPCR-negative samples for both blood and pre-enrichment culture. Seven out of 24 Ctenocephalides felis fleas were positive for Bartonella spp. in the qPCR assay; 4/7 positive fleas were collected from Bartonella-negative cats. Twenty-three rpoB B. henselae cloned sequences were obtained from nine cats' blood samples, showing the occurrence of 13 different genotypes. Median-joining network and SplitsTree distance analysis showed that the obtained sequences represented distinct B. henselae genotypes when compared to those previously deposited in GenBank. Intra-host diversity was found, since different rpoB genotypes of B. henselae were detected in individual single cats. Bartonella henselae isolates showed two allelic profiles (ST37 in cats from MG state and ST9 in SP state) by MLST (Multilocus Sequence Typing) based on sequencing of eight molecular markers. The present study is the first molecular report of Bartonella sp. in cats from Minas Gerais State. In summary, this body of work showed the occurrence of different B. henselae rpoB genotypes at an intra-reservoir host level. Based on qPCR from blood samples and pre-enrichment liquid culture and isolation, occurrence of 33.1% (50/151) and 56.8% (88/155) for Bartonella sp. was found in cats from SP and MG states, respectively. Two different allelic profiles of B. henselae were found in cats from the states of São Paulo (ST9) and Minas Gerais (ST37), suggesting a clonal evolution of Bartonellae in a certain geographical region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda Chiaradia Furquim
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Renan do Amaral
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Clara Morato Dias
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Livia Perles
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Cirilo Antonio de Paula Lima
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bartonella henselae Antibodies in Serum and Oral Fluid Specimens from Cats. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030329. [PMID: 33799577 PMCID: PMC8001045 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cats are the primary reservoir host for Bartonella henselae(B. henselae), an etiological agent of human bartonellosis, including cat scratch disease. Although Bartonella DNA has been amplified from salivary swabs from cats, dogs and humans, we are not aware of studies investigating Bartonella antibodies in oral fluid (OF). Using inhouse and commercial immunofluorescence antibody assays (IFA), the objective of this study was to detect and compare antibodies against B. henselae in paired OF and serum specimens from cats. Specimens were collected from shelter and client-owned cats. For serum specimens, B. henselae seroreactivity was 78% for both the inhouse and commercial IFA assays and 56.8% for OF specimens. Comparing serum and OF specimens, there was moderate Kappa agreement (Cohen's k = 0.434) for detection of B. henselae antibodies. Oral fluid antibodies were more likely measurable in cats with high B. henselae serum antibody titers when compared with low antibody titers. In conclusion, B. henselae OF IFA antibody measurements were less sensitive compared to serum IFA measurements of ≥1:64. Oral fluid antibodies were detected more often in cats with high B. henselae serum antibody titers. Therefore, OF antibodies, detectable by IFA, is of limited utility for epidemiological or diagnostic testing in cats.
Collapse
|
14
|
Prevalence of infection by Bartonella spp. in patients with psoriasis. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 96:107-110. [PMID: 33281011 PMCID: PMC7838093 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
15
|
Bayart JL, Gusbin C, Lardinois B, Scohy A, Kabamba-Mukadi B. Analytical and clinical evaluation of new automated chemiluminescent immunoassays for the detection of IgG and IgM anti-Bartonella henselae antibodies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 98:115203. [PMID: 33032158 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Serological diagnosis of Bartonella henselae infection mainly rely on microscopic immunofluorescence assays (IFA), which are however time-consuming and poorly standardized. The aim of the study was to assess the use of the new fully automated VirClia® chemiluminescent immunoassays for the detection of IgG and IgM anti-B. henselae antibodies. Eighty-one patients with a well-defined B. henselae infection as well as 80 patients with an alternative disease were included. The VirClia® IgG antibody assay showed a sensitivity of 79.0% and a specificity of 93.8% for the diagnosis of B. henselae infection. For the VirClia® IgM assay, results were more conflicting with a sensitivity of 42.0% and a specificity of 98.2% to predict IFA IgM results. In 11 additional patients with uninterpretable IFA due to autoimmune antibodies, VirClia® assays were able to deliver valuable quantitative results. The VirClia® IgG assay shows good analytical and clinical performances and could be easily integrated in the diagnostic workflow of B. henselae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Bayart
- Département des Laboratoires Cliniques, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Catherine Gusbin
- Département des Laboratoires Cliniques, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Lardinois
- Département des Laboratoires Cliniques, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anaïs Scohy
- Département des Laboratoires Cliniques, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoît Kabamba-Mukadi
- Département des Laboratoires Cliniques, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Pôle de Recherche en Microbiologie Médicale, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Centre National de Référence Bartonella, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc - Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Drummond MR, de Almeida AR, Valandro L, Pavan MHP, Stucchi RSB, Aoki FH, Velho PENF. Bartonella henselae endocarditis in an elderly patient. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008376. [PMID: 32730338 PMCID: PMC7392202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rovani Drummond
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Roberta de Almeida
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Valandro
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Postal Pavan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silveira Bello Stucchi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Hideo Aoki
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Soares TCB, Isaias GAB, Almeida ARD, Drummond MR, da Silva MN, Lania BG, Vieira-Damiani G, Saad STO, Ericson ME, Gupta K, Velho PENF. Prevalence of Bartonella spp. Infection in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:509-512. [PMID: 32013778 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The inherent characteristics of the sickle cell disease (SCD), the most common genetic hematological disorder, increase the propensity of infections. Bartonella spp. are emerging and neglected bacteria. A large spectrum of clinical manifestations has been linked to bartonella bloodstream infection in the last two decades that can cause fatal outcomes, especially in immunodeficient patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bartonella infection in SCD patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated Bartonella spp. prevalence in 107 SCD patients. Blood samples and enrichment blood cultures were analyzed by molecular detection of Bartonella spp. DNA. Bartonella DNA was amplified using conventional genus-specific Bartonella PCR which amplifies the Intergenic Transcribed Spacer region and Bartonella henselae-specific nested PCR which amplifies the FtsZ gene. Positive patient DNAs were tested with ssrA conventional PCR. All amplicons were sequenced. Findings: Ten of 107 patients tested positive for B. henselae infection in at least one molecular test. All obtained amplicons were sequenced and similar to B. henselae sequences deposited in GenBank (accession number BX897699). Based on statistical results, bloodstream infection with B. henselae was not associated with animal contact or blood transfusions. Conclusion: We detected B. henselae DNA in 10 (9.3%) SCD studied patients. These patients were notified and treatment was offered to them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Alves Brito Isaias
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Roberta de Almeida
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilene Neves da Silva
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Grosselli Lania
- Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marna Elise Ericson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kalpna Gupta
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
André MR, Canola RAM, Braz JB, Perossi IFS, Calchi AC, Ikeda P, Machado RZ, Vasconcelos RDO, Camacho AA. Aortic valve endocarditis due to Bartonella clarridgeiae in a dog in Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:661-670. [PMID: 31618303 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with Bartonella clarridgeiae in a dog in Latin America. Infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 10-year-old male mixed breed dog. The dog presented grade V/VI systolic and diastolic murmur, hyperthermia, and progressive weight loss. Cardiomegaly and presence of diffuse alveolar pattern in the lung fields were observed in the thorax radiography evaluation. Irregular and hyperechogenic structures adhered to the aortic leaflets, causing obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and severe aortic insufficiency, were observed in the echocardiography evaluation. A vegetative, whitish, hardened structure measuring 1.0 cm in diameter was observed in aortic semilunar valve at necropsy. Based on a combination of pre-enrichment insect-based medium liquid culture, quantitative real-time and conventional PCR assays based on nuoG and gltA genes, respectively, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic inferences, B. clarridgeiae DNA was detected in the patient's aortic valve lesions. Clinical, echocardiographic, anatomopathologic and molecular features supported the diagnosis of severe aortic vegetative endocarditis possibly caused by B. clarridgeiae in a dog in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Raphaela Arantes Marques Canola
- Serviço de Cardiologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário e Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Jaislane Bastos Braz
- Serviço de Cardiologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário e Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Isabella Fernanda Spinelli Perossi
- Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Claudia Calchi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Priscila Ikeda
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos
- Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Aparecido Antonio Camacho
- Serviço de Cardiologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário e Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Drummond MR, Visentainer L, Almeida ARD, Angerami RN, Aoki FH, Velho PENF. Bartonella henselae bacteremia diagnosed post-mortem in a myelodysplastic syndrome patient. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e50. [PMID: 31531628 PMCID: PMC6746197 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study involves a 49-year-old male, who for three years suffered with a myelodysplastic syndrome and who needed frequent blood transfusions. One day following a transfusion, he presented fever and abdominal pain. The fever became persistent and only improved temporarily with two cycles of intravenous ciprofloxacin. Nearly 120 days after beginning the second cycle of treatment, he had experienced a weight loss of 16 kg and recurring fever. Screening for fever of unknown origin was conducted, including Bartonella infection. No etiology could be found. The patient improved with an antimicrobial regimen composed of oral doxycycline and intravenous ciprofloxacin. After 15 days afebrile, the patient was discharged with a four-month oral prescription of doxycycline and ciprofloxacin. Eight months following the antibiotic treatment, the patient received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Five days following the transplant, the patient initiated a febrile neutropenia and died. From a blood sample collected and stored at the time of hospitalization, a microbiological and molecular study was performed again. Blood- and liquid culture-PCRs from the same blood sample were all negative, but an isolate from solid subculture was found. The molecular reactions from this isolate were all positive and the sequence was 100% homologous to Bartonella henselae . The present report points to the limitations of laboratory techniques currently available for investigation of possible cases of bartonellosis in clinical practice, and the potential risk of Bartonella spp. transmission through blood transfusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rovani Drummond
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Visentainer
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisco Hideo Aoki
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lins KDA, Drummond MR, Velho PENF. Cutaneous manifestations of bartonellosis. An Bras Dermatol 2019; 94:594-602. [PMID: 31780437 PMCID: PMC6857551 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are pathogenic to humans, but three are responsible for most clinical symptoms: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, and Bartonella henselae. Peruvian wart, caused by B. bacilliformis, may be indistinguishable from bacillary angiomatosis caused by the other two species. Other cutaneous manifestations include maculo-papular rash in trench fever, papules or nodules in cat scratch disease, and vasculitis (often associated with endocarditis). In addition, febrile morbilliform rash, purpura, urticaria, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, erythema marginatus, granuloma annularis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, granulomatous reactions, and angioproliferative reactions may occur. Considering the broad spectrum of infection and the potential complications associated with Bartonella spp., the infection should be considered by physicians more frequently among the differential diagnoses of idiopathic conditions. Health professionals and researchers often neglected this diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina de Almeida Lins
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Discipline of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
"In North America, with the exceptions of Bartonella henselae and Cytauxzoon felis, feline vector-borne diseases (FVBDs) have been minimally studied in domestic cats. Cats can be infected with many of the same vector-borne pathogens that infect dogs. Nonspecific clinical signs linked to FVBDs and low prevalence of certain vector-borne pathogens contribute to a limited awareness of FVBDs in sick cats. As clinicians become informed about FVBDs and as vector-borne disease diagnostics are routinely applied to evaluate sick cats, we will gain a stronger understanding of vector-borne pathogens in cats. This article focuses on recent findings related to FVBDs."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Qurollo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Research Building, Office 464, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Drummond MR, Dos Santos LS, Silva MND, Almeida ARD, Diniz PPVDP, Angerami R, Velho PENF. False Negative Results in Bartonellosis Diagnosis. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2019; 19:453-454. [PMID: 30730266 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a fatal case of Bartonella henselae bacteremic patient. He had negative serology and PCRs from whole blood and liquid culture; only ftsZ nested PCR was positive from the blood liquid culture. The isolate had positive PCRs. When considered, bartonellosis diagnosis can be still challenging because of technical limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Angerami
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abdullah S, Helps C, Tasker S, Newbury H, Wall R. Pathogens in fleas collected from cats and dogs: distribution and prevalence in the UK. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:71. [PMID: 30728050 PMCID: PMC6366081 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fleas (Siphonaptera) are the most clinically important ectoparasites of dogs and cats worldwide. Rising levels of pet ownership, climate change and globalisation are increasing the importance of a detailed understanding of the endemicity and prevalence of flea-borne pathogens. This requires continued surveillance to detect change. This study reports a large-scale survey of pathogens in fleas collected from client-owned cats and dogs in the UK. Methods Recruited veterinary practices were asked to follow a standardised flea inspection protocol on a randomised selection of cats and dogs brought into the practice in April and June 2018. A total of 326 practices participated and 812 cats and 662 dogs were examined. Fleas were collected, identified to species and pooled flea samples from each host were analysed for the presence of pathogens using PCR and sequence analysis. Results Overall, 28.1% of cats and 14.4% of dogs were flea infested. More than 90% of the fleas on both cats and dogs were cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis. Fleas of the same species from each infested host were pooled. DNA was amplified from 470 of the pooled flea samples using conventional PCR, 66 of which (14% ± 95% CI 3.14%) were positive for at least one pathogen. Fifty-three (11.3% ± 95% CI 2.85%) of the pooled flea DNA samples were positive for Bartonella spp., 35 were from cats and 4 from dogs, the remainder had no host record. Seventeen of the Bartonella spp. samples were found to be Bartonella henselae, 27 were Bartonella clarridgeiae (of two different strains), 4 samples were Bartonella alsatica and one was Bartonella grahamii; 4 samples could not be identified. Fourteen (3% ± 95% CI 1.53%) of the flea DNA samples were found to be positive for Dipylidium caninum, 10 of the D. caninum-infected samples were collected from cats and one from a dog, the other 3 positive flea samples had no host species record. Only 3 flea samples were positive for Mycoplasma haemofelis or Mycoplasma haemocanis; 2 were collected from cats and one had no host species record. Three fleas were positive for both D. caninum and Bartonella spp. One flea was positive for both Bartonella spp. and M. haemofelis or M. haemocanis. Conclusions This study highlights the need for ongoing flea control, particularly given the relatively high prevalence of Bartonella spp., which is of concern for both animal welfare and human health. The study demonstrates the ongoing need to educate pet owners about the effects of both flea infestation and also the pathogen risks these fleas present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swaid Abdullah
- Veterinary Parasitology and Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,Present address: School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia.
| | - Chris Helps
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Langford Vets and Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Séverine Tasker
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Langford Vets and Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Present address: The Linnaeus Group, Shirley, UK
| | - Hannah Newbury
- MSD Animal Health, Walton Manor, Walton, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Richard Wall
- Veterinary Parasitology and Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Álvarez-Fernández A, Breitschwerdt EB, Solano-Gallego L. Bartonella infections in cats and dogs including zoonotic aspects. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:624. [PMID: 30514361 PMCID: PMC6280416 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bartonellosis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution that can infect humans and a large number of mammals including small companion animals (cats and dogs). In recent years, an increasing number of studies from around the world have reported Bartonella infections, although publications have predominantly focused on the North American perspective. Currently, clinico-pathological data from Europe are more limited, suggesting that bartonellosis may be an infrequent or underdiagnosed infectious disease in cats and dogs. Research is needed to confirm or exclude Bartonella infection as a cause of a spectrum of feline and canine diseases. Bartonella spp. can cause acute or chronic infections in cats, dogs and humans. On a comparative medical basis, different clinical manifestations, such as periods of intermittent fever, granulomatous inflammation involving the heart, liver, lymph nodes and other tissues, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, uveitis and vasoproliferative tumors have been reported in cats, dogs and humans. The purpose of this review is to provide an update and European perspective on Bartonella infections in cats and dogs, including clinical, diagnostic, epidemiological, pathological, treatment and zoonotic aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Álvarez-Fernández
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Edward B. Breitschwerdt
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA
| | - Laia Solano-Gallego
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|