1
|
Zhao C, Chen R, Chen Z, Lu Q, Zhu H, Bu Q, Yin J, He H. Bioinspired Multifunctional Cellulose Nanofibril-Based In Situ Liquid Wound Dressing for Multiple Synergistic Therapy of the Postoperative Infected Wound. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:51578-51591. [PMID: 34666485 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A smart in situ-formed wound dressing with excellent antibacterial ability against drug-resistance bacterial, antitumor, and biofilm-eliminating activities to promote effective wound closure is highly desirable in therapeutic and clinical applications. Herein, we designed and developed a multifunctional; shape-adaptable; and pH, temperature, and near-infrared radiation (NIR) multiple responsive cellulose nanofibril (CNF)-based in situ liquid wound dressing, using a pH-sensitive CNF grafted with terminated amino hyperbranched polyamines (HBP-NH2) as a substrate, along with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and indocyanine green (ICG) loaded as the temperature and NIR on/off switches, respectively. The 3D nanocage network structure of CNF and the nanocavities in the hyperbranched structure of HBP-NH2 endow the dressing with a high loading capacity for active drugs (doxorubicin and ICG) simultaneously. Moreover, the responsiveness of the dressing to multiple stimuli enables controllable and efficient drug release to the wound area. The bioinspired dressing demonstrates excellent antibacterial activity against common bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, antitumor activity against A375 tumor cells, and biofilm-eliminating capability. In addition, the developed dressing synergistically combines multiple therapeutic strategies for effective wound healing, specifically photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. The design provides an ideal clinical intervention strategy for irregular tumor postoperative infected wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Rimei Chen
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Qin Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Zhu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Bu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Yin
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Hui He
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Y, Dong Z, Li M, Liu L, Luo H, Wang P, Zhang D, Yang X, Zhou K, Lei S. Graphene Oxide/Copper Nanoderivatives-Modified Chitosan/Hyaluronic Acid Dressings for Facilitating Wound Healing in Infected Full-Thickness Skin Defects. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:8231-8247. [PMID: 33149572 PMCID: PMC7604465 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s278631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Wound healing, especially of infected wounds, remains a clinical challenge in plastic surgery. This study aimed to manufacture a novel and multifunctional wound dressing by combining graphene oxide/copper nanocomposites (GO/Cu) with chitosan/hyaluronic acid, providing significant opportunities for the therapy of wound repair in wounds with a high risk of bacterial infection. METHODS In this study, GO/Cu-decorated chitosan/hyaluronic acid dressings (C/H/GO/Cu) were prepared using sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) crosslinking and the vacuum freeze-drying method, and chitosan/hyaluronic acid dressings (C/H) and GO-incorporated chitosan/hyaluronic acid dressings (C/H/GO) served as controls. The surface characterization, in vitro degradation under various pH values, antimicrobial potential, cytocompatibility and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in a bacteria-infected full-thickness skin defect model were systematically evaluated. RESULTS Our experimental results indicated that the acidic environment facilitated the release of copper (CuNPs and Cu2+) from the dressings, and prepared C/H/GO/Cu dressings exhibited significant in vitro antimicrobial activities against the two tested bacterial strains (ATCC35984 and ATCC25923). All three dressings showed satisfactory cytocompatibility with mouse fibroblasts (NIH/3T3-L1). Moreover, remarkably accelerated wound healing was found in the C/H/GO/Cu group, with controlled inflammatory infiltration and improved angiogenesis in granulation tissues. In addition, no pathological damage was noted in the tissue structures of the tested organs (heart, lung, liver and kidney) in any of the four groups. CONCLUSION Collectively, GO/Cu-incorporated chitosan/hyaluronic acid dressings suggested a synergistic antimicrobial efficacy and acceptable biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo, as well as a significantly accelerated healing process of bacteria-infected wounds. Thus, the multifunctional C/H/GO/Cu composite is expected to be a potential alternative for wound dressings, especially for the management of intractable wounds caused by bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Research Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonggen Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha410004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Research Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Research Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Research Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kechao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Research Institute of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaorong Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410008, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McNally MA, Farooq S, Tschen J, Koshelev MV. Linezolid as a treatment option for cutaneous non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. Dermatol Online J 2020; 26:13030/qt01q4m0p0. [PMID: 33054940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections have rapidly increased in incidence in recent years. Currently there is no standard treatment and the variable and nonspecific ways in which cutaneous NTM infection presents makes it a therapeutic and diagnostic challenge. We describe a 67-year-old immunocompetent woman with cutaneous NTM infection after she recently underwent a root canal procedure. Although the species was not identified and she was unable to tolerate multiple antibiotics, she ultimately responded well to three months of treatment with linezolid. Given that cutaneous NTM infection can present in immunocompetent patients and that the incidence is rising, it is important for clinicians to maintain a high index of clinical suspicion, especially in patients with a recent history of surgery, trauma, or cosmetic procedures. Linezolid has coverage against non-tuberculous mycobacteria and is an effective therapeutic option for cutaneous NTM cases in which identification to the species level is not possible or when adverse effects limit therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Misha V Koshelev
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goldberger T, Molho-Pessach V. Poststreptococcal Pustulosis. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:e55. [PMID: 32813953 DOI: 10.1056/nejmicm2002486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
Srivastava A, Mistri A, Mittal S, Mittal AK. Alterations in the epidermis of the carp, Labeo rohita (Cyprinidae: Cypriniformes), infected by the bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila: A scanning electron microscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:941-953. [PMID: 32618004 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to comprehend the pathogenicity of the bacteria in the epidermis of Labeo rohita inoculated with Aeromonas hydrophila. Alterations in the histopathology of the epidermis were examined using scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy and the localization of iNOS and caspase 3 + ve cells by means of immunohistochemical methods. Skin samples obtained from infected fish at different intervals 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days showed significant changes in the cellular components of the epidermis. Epithelial cells often appeared hypertrophied with fragmented and loosely arranged microridges, and in the process of exfoliation. Mucous goblet cells increased significantly in density. Club cells showed degenerative changes, often with simultaneous confluence of adjacent cells and release of their contents. Increase in density of iNOS and caspase 3 + ve cells indicates inflammatory response and apoptosis. This study could provide valuable information on the pathogenesis of the disease, and disease outbreaks in farmed fish. Further, it could provide useful guidelines for fish farmers to take preventive measures for the control of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Srivastava
- Skin Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Arup Mistri
- Skin Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Swati Mittal
- Skin Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mittal
- Skin Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aslam MW, Lau SF, Chin CSL, Ahmad NI, Rahman NA, Kuppusamy K, Omar S, Radzi R. Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018). J Feline Med Surg 2020; 22:774-790. [PMID: 32400257 PMCID: PMC7206563 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19886395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. METHODS Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presenting with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7 ± 0.2°C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin:globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar-interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of pre-thoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waseem Aslam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Seng Fong Lau
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chelly Sze Lee Chin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Indah Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nor-Alimah Rahman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Krishnammah Kuppusamy
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sharina Omar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rozanaliza Radzi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xie B, Chen Y, Wang J, Gao W, Jiang H, Sun J, Jin X, Sang X, Yu X, Wang H. Mycobacterium marseillense Infection in Human Skin, China, 2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:1991-1993. [PMID: 31538923 PMCID: PMC6759254 DOI: 10.3201/eid2510.190695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of facial skin infection and sinusitis caused by Mycobacterium marseillense in an immunocompetent woman in China in 2018. The infection was cleared with clarithromycin, moxifloxacin, and amikacin. Antimicrobial drug treatments could not be predicted by genetic analyses; further genetic characterization would be required to do so.
Collapse
|
8
|
Boesaard R. [A woman with nodules on her arm]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2020; 164:D4891. [PMID: 32749817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 73 year old female presented with five non-painful nodules on the dorsal side of her right lower arm that occured after an infection on her third digit finger after cleaning her aquarium. PCR of the biopsy from on of the nodules shows a mycobacterium marinum infection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Fu J, Ji F. Sporadic human cutaneous anthrax outbreak in Shaanxi Province, China: report of two cases from 2018. Braz J Infect Dis 2020; 24:81-84. [PMID: 31926898 PMCID: PMC9392022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
China’s compulsory annual livestock anthrax vaccination policy has remarkably reduced but not completely eradicated human anthrax infections. Herein we describe a sporadic human cutaneous anthrax outbreak involving two cases in 2018 in Shaanxi Province, both involving herdsman who dealt with unvaccinated and potentially sick cattle. Both patients showed Bacillus anthracis-positive blister smear and blood culture. Treatment with penicillin was followed by uneventful recovery for both. The prompt performance of the prophylactic measures successfully interrupted the further transmission of this sporadic human cutaneous anthrax outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongqin Li
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoxia Wang
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Fu
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China.
| | - Fanpu Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China; Xi'an Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Xi'an, China; Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang W, Kan S, Jiang H, Wang H, Li X, Sun JF. Multifocal Cutaneous Infections Caused by Mycobacterium szulgai without Pulmonary Involvement. Acta Derm Venereol 2019; 99:1315-1316. [PMID: 31620801 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 12, Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are pathogenic to humans, but three are responsible for most clinical symptoms: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, and Bartonella henselae. Peruvian wart, caused by B. bacilliformis, may be indistinguishable from bacillary angiomatosis caused by the other two species. Other cutaneous manifestations include maculo-papular rash in trench fever, papules or nodules in cat scratch disease, and vasculitis (often associated with endocarditis). In addition, febrile morbilliform rash, purpura, urticaria, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, erythema marginatus, granuloma annularis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, granulomatous reactions, and angioproliferative reactions may occur. Considering the broad spectrum of infection and the potential complications associated with Bartonella spp., the infection should be considered by physicians more frequently among the differential diagnoses of idiopathic conditions. Health professionals and researchers often neglected this diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina de Almeida Lins
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Rovani Drummond
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho
- Laboratory of Applied Research in Dermatology and Bartonella Infection, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Discipline of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kyriakou G, Gialeli E, Vryzaki E, Koumoundourou D, Glentis A, Georgiou S. Malacoplakia of the skin: overview of a rare clinical entity. Dermatol Online J 2019; 25:13030/qt3dc495vk. [PMID: 31329385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malacoplakia is a rare acquired, infection-related granulomatous disorder, that may affect many systems, but typically occurs in the urinary tract. Cutaneous involvement is less prevalent, and most commonly presents with a perianal or genital region localization. Cutaneous malacoplakia is believed to be caused by an acquired bactericidal defect of macrophages in the setting of chronic infections and immunocompromised states. A diagnosis of cutaneous malacoplakia should be considered when encountering non-specific granulomatous lesions that are refractory to treatment. Histologic findings are marked by the presence of foamy macrophages containing the pathognomonic Michaelis-Gutman bodies. OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to discuss the current perspectives on the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. We would also like to emphasize that the integration of clinical information, microscopic findings, and exclusion of other cutaneous granulomatous processes is necessary to accurately diagnose this exceedingly rare disease and provide opportunity for therapeutic intervention. PATIENTS/METHODS Data for this work were collected from the published literature and textbooks. RESULTS Combined surgical excision and protracted antibiotic courses appear to have the highest success rate. Antibiotics should be culture specific, but drugs that easily permeate the macrophages appear to be the best choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Kyriakou
- Department of Dermatology, University General Hospital of Patras.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Corey GR, Wilcox MH, Gonzalez J, Jandourek A, Wilson DJ, Friedland HD, Das S, Iaconis J, Dryden M. Ceftaroline fosamil therapy in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections with systemic inflammatory signs: A retrospective dose comparison across three pivotal trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 53:830-837. [PMID: 30716446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This post-hoc analysis compared the pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of ceftaroline fosamil 600 mg every 12 (q12h) versus every 8 hours (q8h) in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infection (ABSSSI) and signs of sepsis. Clinical outcomes at test-of-cure in patients with ABSSSI and systemic inflammatory signs/systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as well as ceftaroline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against baseline pathogens were compared between the COVERS trial (ceftaroline fosamil 600 mg q8h, 2-h infusion) and the CANVAS 1 and 2 trials (ceftaroline fosamil 600 mg q12h, 1-h infusion). Ceftaroline exposure among patients in COVERS with or without markers of sepsis was compared using population pharmacokinetic modelling. In COVERS, 62% (312/506) and 41% (208/506) of ceftaroline fosamil-treated patients had ≥1 systemic inflammatory sign or SIRS, respectively, compared with 55% (378/693) and 22% (155/693), respectively, in the CANVAS trials. Clinical cure rates for the modified intent-to-treat population in COVERS and CANVAS were similar for ceftaroline fosamil-treated patients with ≥1 sign of sepsis [82% (255/312) and 85% (335/394)] and for those with SIRS [84% (168/199) and 85% (131/155)]. Ceftaroline MIC distributions were similar across trials. Sepsis did not affect predicted individual steady-state ceftaroline exposure. Clinical cure rates in patients with ≥1 systemic inflammatory sign or SIRS were comparable for both ceftaroline fosamil dosage regimens. Pathogen susceptibilities to ceftaroline were similar across trials. Ceftaroline exposure was not affected by disease severity. Ceftaroline fosamil 600 mg q12h is a robust dosage regimen for most ABSSSI patients with sepsis [ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01499277, NCT00424190, NCT00423657].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Ralph Corey
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark H Wilcox
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals & University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Dryden
- Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tveter I, Simonsen HE, Johansen MK, Gaini S. Fish tank granuloma. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2019; 139:18-0765. [PMID: 31140259 DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
15
|
Abstract
Bacterial skin infections result in significant morbidity and have contributed to enhanced health-care resource utilization. The problem is heightened by emerging antimicrobial resistance. Multiple novel agents active against resistant pathogens that cause skin infections-including dalbavancin, tedizolid phosphate, oritavancin, and delafloxacin-have been approved over the past 5 years. Common features of these agents include gram-positive activity and favorable safety. Of these agents, delafloxacin is unique in being active against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens that cause skin infections, including those resistant to other antimicrobial agents. It is, therefore, an effective option for the treatment of skin infections.
Collapse
|
16
|
Esteves M, Nogueira A, Azevedo F. A case of cutaneous nodules in a sporotrichoid pattern. Dermatol Online J 2019; 25:13030/qt3pq5k7cx. [PMID: 30982309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A sporotrichoid pattern describes a clinical presentation in which inflammatory nodules spread along the path of lymphatic drainage, being reported in association with several infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory skin conditions. Herein, we report a 65-year-old man presenting with a three-month history of erythematous nodules in a linear distribution along the left hand and forearm. He reported recent rose gardening and regular contact with an aquarium. The diagnosis was made through culture of skin biopsy tissue and isolation of Mycobacterium marinum. The patient was treated with a combination of clarithromycin and rifampicin and clinical resolution was evident within two months. We present a patient with a sporotrichoid cutaneous infection by Mycobacterium marinum, highlighting that even with the availability of novel microbiological detection techniques, tissue culture remains an essential tool for diagnostic confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Esteves
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João EPE, Porto.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barrick CJ, Onikoyi O, Lountzis NI, Ermolovich T, Purcell SM. Necrobiosis lipoidica with superimposed pyoderma vegetans. Cutis 2019; 103:44-45. [PMID: 30758332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a granulomatous inflammatory skin disease strongly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Red-brown papules expanding into plaques with erythematous indurated borders on the lower extremities are characteristic of NL. Diagnosis is made clinically; however, biopsy of lesions confirms the diagnosis. Untreated NL may ulcerate and lead to further complications, but progression to superimposed pyoderma vegetans (PV) is not a known occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Barrick
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Omobola Onikoyi
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, New York, USA
| | | | - Tanya Ermolovich
- Advanced Dermatology Associates, Ltd, Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cardenas-de la Garza JA, De la Cruz-Valadez E, Ocampo-Candiani J, Welsh O. Clinical spectrum of Lyme disease. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 38:201-208. [PMID: 30456435 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease (borreliosis) is one of the most common vector-borne diseases worldwide. Its incidence and geographic expansion has been steadily increasing in the last decades. Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, a heterogeneous group of which three genospecies have been systematically associated to Lyme disease: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii. Geographical distribution and clinical manifestations vary according to the species involved. Lyme disease clinical manifestations may be divided into three stages. Early localized stage is characterized by erythema migrans in the tick bite site. Early disseminated stage may present multiple erythema migrans lesions, borrelial lymphocytoma, lyme neuroborreliosis, carditis, or arthritis. The late disseminated stage manifests with acordermatitis chronica atrophicans, lyme arthritis, and neurological symptoms. Diagnosis is challenging due to the varied clinical manifestations it may present and usually involves a two-step serological approach. In the current review, we present a thorough revision of the clinical manifestations Lyme disease may present. Additionally, history, microbiology, diagnosis, post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome, treatment, and prognosis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Alberto Cardenas-de la Garza
- University Hospital "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Department of Dermatology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero y Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Estephania De la Cruz-Valadez
- University Hospital "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Department of Dermatology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero y Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- University Hospital "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Department of Dermatology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero y Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Oliverio Welsh
- University Hospital "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Department of Dermatology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero y Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Plantamura E, Dzutsev A, Chamaillard M, Djebali S, Moudombi L, Boucinha L, Grau M, Macari C, Bauché D, Dumitrescu O, Rasigade JP, Lippens S, Plateroti M, Kress E, Cesaro A, Bondu C, Rothermel U, Heikenwälder M, Lina G, Bentaher-Belaaouaj A, Marie JC, Caux C, Trinchieri G, Marvel J, Michallet MC. MAVS deficiency induces gut dysbiotic microbiota conferring a proallergic phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:10404-10409. [PMID: 30249647 PMCID: PMC6187193 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722372115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prominent changes in the gut microbiota (referred to as "dysbiosis") play a key role in the development of allergic disorders, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Study of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in mice contributed to our knowledge of the pathophysiology of human allergic contact dermatitis. Here we report a negative regulatory role of the RIG-I-like receptor adaptor mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) on DTH by modulating gut bacterial ecology. Cohousing and fecal transplantation experiments revealed that the dysbiotic microbiota of Mavs-/- mice conferred a proallergic phenotype that is communicable to wild-type mice. DTH sensitization coincided with increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation within lymphoid organs that enhanced DTH severity. Collectively, we unveiled an unexpected impact of RIG-I-like signaling on the gut microbiota with consequences on allergic skin disease outcome. Primarily, these data indicate that manipulating the gut microbiota may help in the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of human allergic skin pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Plantamura
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Amiran Dzutsev
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- UMR 8204, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-59000 Lille, France
- U1019, Team 7, Equipe Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophia Djebali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Lyvia Moudombi
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Morgan Grau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Claire Macari
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - David Bauché
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Transforming Growth Factor-b and Immune-Evasion Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oana Dumitrescu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rasigade
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Inflammation Research Center, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michelina Plateroti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elsa Kress
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Annabelle Cesaro
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Clovis Bondu
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ulrike Rothermel
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Lina
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Azzak Bentaher-Belaaouaj
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Julien C Marie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Transforming Growth Factor-b and Immune-Evasion Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christophe Caux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Marie-Cecile Michallet
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Veasey JV, Monteiro NAS, Lellis RF, Klautau GB. Cutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis with sporotrichoid clinical presentation caused by automotive accident. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 93:743-745. [PMID: 30156631 PMCID: PMC6106664 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical mycobacterial infections are caused by mycobacteria other than those from the M. tuberculosis complex and M. leprae. Its incidence has increased progressively, with considerable increase of scientific publications on the subject. Only 10% of the cases present with cutaneous infections, most of them related to surgical interventions and aesthetic procedures. We present a case of mycobacteriosis due to automotive accident that presented a diagnostic challenge due to its clinical presentation with lesions of sporotrichoid progression in the lymphatic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rute Facchini Lellis
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital da Santa Casa de São Paulo,
São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rodríguez-Jato Q, Canoura-Fernández L, Flórez A. Image Gallery: Trichomycosis axillaris: dermoscopic, Wood's lamp and methylene blue imaging. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:e89. [PMID: 30141550 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Rodríguez-Jato
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Rúa Simón Bolívar, 78, Pontevedra, 36003, Spain
| | - L Canoura-Fernández
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Rúa Simón Bolívar, 78, Pontevedra, 36003, Spain
| | - A Flórez
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Rúa Simón Bolívar, 78, Pontevedra, 36003, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qian W, Yan C, He D, Yu X, Yuan L, Liu M, Luo G, Deng J. pH-triggered charge-reversible of glycol chitosan conjugated carboxyl graphene for enhancing photothermal ablation of focal infection. Acta Biomater 2018; 69:256-264. [PMID: 29374599 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous abscesses infected by multidrug-resistant bacteria are becoming an increasing challenge to human health. To address this challenge, a surface-adaptive and biocompatible glycol chitosan conjugated carboxyl graphene (GCS-CG) is developed, which exhibits unique self-adaptive target to the acidic microenvironment of abscess (∼pH 6.3) and no damage to the healthy tissue (pH 7.4) around the abscess. Originally, following conjugated with GCS, the absorbance of CG obviously increases in the near-infrared (NIR) region, enabling GCS-CG to generate an increment amount of heat. GCS-CG shows fast pH-responsive surface charge transition from negative to positive, which presents strong adherence to negatively charged bacteria surface in abscess, while exhibits poor affinity to host cells in healthy tissues. The local temperature of NIR-irradiated GCS-CG is estimated to be higher than their ambient temperature, ensuring targeted heating and eradicating the bacteria to reduce the damage to tissue; hence, wound healing is accelerated. Moreover, the in vitro and in vivo biosafety results demonstrate that GCS-CG presents greatly biocompatible even at a high concentration of 1 mg·mL-1. Given the above advantages as well as the simple preparation, graphene developed here may provide a new potential application as a useful antibacterial agent in the areas of healthcare. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A surface-adaptive nanomaterial, glycol chitosan conjugated carboxyl graphene (GCS-CG) is developed, which realizes the acidity-triggered bacteria targeting. GCS-CG can result in direct thermal ablation of bacteria and enhancement of the infected wound healing, but exhibit no damage to healthy tissues. The pH-responsive GCS-CG described here, containing no antibiotics, has great potentials in treating bacterial infection and even multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qian
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Danfeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xunzhou Yu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Menglong Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Clark M, Kim J, Etesami N, Shimamoto J, Whalen RV, Martin G, Okumura CYM. Group A Streptococcus Prevents Mast Cell Degranulation to Promote Extracellular Trap Formation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 29535718 PMCID: PMC5835080 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The resurgence of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections in the past two decades has been a rising major public health concern. Due to a large number of GAS infections occurring in the skin, mast cells (MCs), innate immune cells known to localize to the dermis, could play an important role in controlling infection. MCs can exert their antimicrobial activities either early during infection, by degranulation and release of antimicrobial proteases and the cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide LL-37, or by forming antibacterial MC extracellular traps (MCETs) in later stages of infection. We demonstrate that MCs do not directly degranulate in response to GAS, reducing their ability to control bacterial growth in early stages of infection. However, MC granule components are highly cytotoxic to GAS due to the pore-forming activity of LL-37, while MC granule proteases do not significantly affect GAS viability. We therefore confirmed the importance of MCETs by demonstrating their capacity to reduce GAS survival. The data therefore suggests that LL-37 from MC granules become embedded in MCETs, and are the primary effector molecule by which MCs control GAS infection. Our work underscores the importance of a non-traditional immune effector cell, utilizing a non-conventional mechanism, in the defense against an important human pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Clark
- Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Kim
- Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neelou Etesami
- Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Ryan V. Whalen
- Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gary Martin
- Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
De Anda C, Anuskiewicz S, Prokocimer P, Vazquez J. Outpatient treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) with tedizolid phosphate and linezolid in patients in the United States: Subgroup analysis of 2 randomized phase 3 trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9163. [PMID: 29384903 PMCID: PMC6392685 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) are a frequent cause of hospital admissions in the United States. Safe and effective outpatient treatments may lower ABSSSI-associated health care costs by reducing unnecessary hospital admissions. Using data from 2 phase 3 trials (ESTABLISH-1, NCT01170221; ESTABLISH-2, NCT01421511), this post-hoc analysis explored the efficacy and safety of tedizolid in an outpatient setting. METHODS Subgroup analysis was performed on US outpatients (defined as patients who were not in hospital at the time of treatment initiation) with ABSSSI caused by presumed or proven gram-positive pathogens. Patients were randomly assigned to receive tedizolid phosphate 200 mg once daily for 6 days (n = 403) or linezolid 600 mg twice daily for 10 days (n = 410). The primary end point was early clinical response (48-72 hours after the start of treatment). Secondary end points included investigator-assessed clinical response at end of therapy (EOT) and post-therapy evaluation (PTE; 7-14 days after therapy). Additional assessments included the patient-reported level of pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the per-pathogen favorable microbiological response rate at the PTE visit. Compliance with treatment and safety outcomes was also recorded. RESULTS Early clinical response was similar between treatment groups (tedizolid, 82.4%; linezolid, 79.0%), as was investigator-assessed clinical response at EOT (tedizolid, 87.1%; linezolid, 86.1%) and PTE (tedizolid, 83.1%; linezolid, 83.7%). Mean changes from baseline to days 10 to 13 in VAS scores were identical between treatment groups (tedizolid, -51.9 mm; linezolid, -51.9 mm). Microbiological eradication rates were generally similar in both treatment groups for all key pathogens. Patients in both groups had favorable response at PTE. More tedizolid-treated patients (89.3%) than linezolid-treated patients (77.3%) were compliant with treatment. The most frequently reported drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events were nausea (tedizolid, 10.7%; linezolid, 13.8%), diarrhea (tedizolid, 4.5%; linezolid, 5.9%), and headache (tedizolid, 5.5%; linezolid, 4.4%). Treatment discontinuation rates were low for both treatment groups (tedizolid, 0.7%; linezolid, 1.0%). CONCLUSION Short-course therapy with tedizolid can successfully treat patients with ABSSSI caused by presumed or proven gram-positive pathogens in an outpatient setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jose Vazquez
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schaudinn C, Dittmann C, Jurisch J, Laue M, Günday-Türeli N, Blume-Peytavi U, Vogt A, Rancan F. Development, standardization and testing of a bacterial wound infection model based on ex vivo human skin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186946. [PMID: 29140982 PMCID: PMC5687718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research on wound infections is primarily conducted on animal models, which limits direct transferability of these studies to humans. Some of these limitations can be overcome by using-otherwise discarded-skin from cosmetic surgeries. Superficial wounds are induced in fresh ex vivo skin, followed by intradermal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under the wound. Subsequently, the infected skin is incubated for 20 hours at 37°C and the CFU/wound are determined. Within 20 hours, the bacteria count increased from 107 to 109 bacteria per wound, while microscopy revealed a dense bacterial community in the collagen network of the upper wound layers as well as numerous bacteria scattered in the dermis. At the same time, IL-1alpha and IL-1beta amounts increased in all infected wounds, while-due to bacteria-induced cell lysis-the IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations rose only in the uninfected samples. High-dosage ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in a decisive decrease in bacteria, but consistently failed to eradicate all bacteria. The main benefits of the ex vivo wound model are the use of healthy human skin, a quantifiable bacterial infection, a measureable donor-dependent immune response and a good repeatability of the results. These properties turn the ex vivo wound model into a valuable tool to examine the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions and to test antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schaudinn
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christin Dittmann
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Jurisch
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Laue
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiorenza Rancan
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Garcia-Zamora E, Sanz-Robles H, Elosua-Gonzalez M, Rodriguez-Vasquez X, Lopez-Estebaranz JL. Cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium immunogenum: an European case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J 2017; 23:13030/qt9zg5r07t. [PMID: 29469779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(no more than 200 words): In the last few years, the incidence of cutaneous infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria is increasing. Since Mycobacterium immunogenum was first described in 2001, few case reports have been described, all of them in the American continent. We report a case with cutaneous infection caused by this newly discovered NTB in Europe.A 65-year-old woman presented with a 3-months history of pruritic lesions on abdomen. Examination revealed erythematous inflammatory papules, pustules, and crusts. Three weeks later, mycobacteria were cultured from the biopsy specimen. Mycobacterium immunogenum was identified based on susceptibility test results and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction enzyme analysis. Treatment with clarithromycin was started. M. immunogenum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that was first described by Wilson et al. in 2001 as a rapidly growing variety and new species in the Mycobacterium chelonae-Mycobacterium abscessus group. PCR-restriction analysis of a 439-bp segment of the hsp65 gene and/or sequencing the species-specific region of the 16S rDNA can confirm this new species. Since the description of M. immunogenum, 8 clinical case reports have been published, most involving cutaneous infections and all of them in the American continent. We present a case of cutaneous infection caused by M. immunogenum in a Spanish woman.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Garcia-Zamora
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cataño JC, Gomez SI. A forgotten old disease. Eur J Intern Med 2017; 44:e5-e6. [PMID: 28238568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Cataño
- Infectious Diseases Section, Internal Medicine Department, University of Antioquia School of Medicine, Medellín, Colombia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mittal A, Subtil A, Leventhal JS. Ulcerative Plaques and Nodules on the Lower Extremity: A Quiz. Acta Derm Venereol 2017; 97:866-867. [PMID: 28350040 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mittal
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LMP 5040, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Campos M, Sais G, Admella C. Skin infection by Mycobacterium marinum. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 148:e63. [PMID: 27686936 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Campos
- ABS Dr. F. Benito-Rieral, Corporació de Salut del Maresme i la Selva, Lloret de Mar, Girona, España.
| | - Gemma Sais
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Barcelona, España
| | - Carmen Admella
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Barcelona, España
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Guevara Soto M, Vidondo B, Vaughan L, Rubin JF, Segner H, Samartin S, Schmidt-Posthaus H. Investigations into the temporal development of epitheliocystis infections in brown trout: a histological study. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:811-819. [PMID: 27670837 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epitheliocystis in Swiss brown trout (Salmo trutta) is a chlamydial infection, mainly caused by Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis and Candidatus Clavichlamydia salmonicola. To gain a better understanding of the temporal development of infections in wild brown trout, we investigated epitheliocystis infections during the course of the summer and autumn months of a single year (2015), and compared this to sampling points over the span of the years 2012-2014. The survey focused on tributaries (Venoge and Boiron) of the Rhone flowing in to Lake Geneva. When evaluated histologically, epitheliocystis infections were found throughout the period of investigation with the exception of the month of June. Fifty to 86 animals per sampling were investigated. Highest prevalence and infection intensities were seen in September. A correlation between epitheliocystis infection and water temperatures was not evident. Interyear comparison revealed consistent levels of prevalence and infection intensities in late summer. The absence of infections in June, combined with the consistent interyear results, indicates seasonal fluctuation of epitheliocystis infections in brown trout with a reservoir persisting during winter months from which infections can re-initiate each year. This could either be at levels below detection limits within the brown trout population itself or in an alternative host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Guevara Soto
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Vidondo
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Vaughan
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J-F Rubin
- Fondation de la Maison de la Rivière, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - H Segner
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Samartin
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H Schmidt-Posthaus
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen DC, Giglio BM, Aronowitz PB. Faces of Lyme. J Gen Intern Med 2017; 32:583-584. [PMID: 27957662 PMCID: PMC5400763 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debbie C Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon M Giglio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul B Aronowitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Viana MVC, Figueiredo H, Ramos R, Guimarães LC, Pereira FL, Dorella FA, Selim SAK, Salaheldean M, Silva A, Wattam AR, Azevedo V. Comparative genomic analysis between Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from buffalo. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176347. [PMID: 28445543 PMCID: PMC5406005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive, pleomorphic, facultative intracellular pathogen that causes Oedematous Skin Disease (OSD) in buffalo. To better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of OSD, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of 11 strains of C. pseudotuberculosis isolated from different buffalo found to be infected in Egypt during an outbreak that occurred in 2008. Sixteen previously described pathogenicity islands (PiCp) were present in all of the new buffalo strains, but one of them, PiCp12, had an insertion that contained both a corynephage and a diphtheria toxin gene, both of which may play a role in the adaptation of C. pseudotuberculosis to this new host. Synteny analysis showed variations in the site of insertion of the corynephage during the same outbreak. A gene functional comparison showed the presence of a nitrate reductase operon that included genes involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, which is necessary for a positive nitrate reductase phenotype and is a possible adaptation for intracellular survival. Genomes from the buffalo strains also had fusions in minor pilin genes in the spaA and spaD gene cluster (spaCX and spaYEF), which could suggest either an adaptation to this particular host, or mutation events in the immediate ancestor before this particular epidemic. A phylogenomic analysis confirmed a clear separation between the Ovis and Equi biovars, but also showed what appears to be a clustering by host species within the Equi strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Canário Viana
- Departament of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Henrique Figueiredo
- AQUACEN, National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rommel Ramos
- Center of Genomic and System Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Guimarães
- Center of Genomic and System Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Felipe Luiz Pereira
- AQUACEN, National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Alves Dorella
- AQUACEN, National Reference Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mohammad Salaheldean
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Artur Silva
- Center of Genomic and System Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alice R. Wattam
- Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Departament of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
O’Bright NE, Miller JE. Packing versus non-packing outcomes for abscesses after incision and drainage. J Okla State Med Assoc 2017; 110:78-79. [PMID: 29293307 PMCID: PMC5431295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL QUESTION: In non-diabetic, non-immunocompromised individuals with skin abscesses, does packing after incision and drainage (I&D) reduce the risk of recurrence or reintervention compared with not packing? ANSWER: No. If the abscess is less than 5 cm, packing does not affect outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE FOR THE ANSWER: B. DATE SEARCH WAS CONDUCTED: November 2014. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Published RCTs and meta-analysis studies. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Abscess greater than 5 cm, abscess in diabetics, abscess in immunocompromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan E. Miller
- Corresponding author: Jan Estes Miller, , Saint Anthony’s Family Medicine Residency, 608 NW 9th St., OKC, OK 73102. Phone: 405-272-7494, Fax: 405-272-3073
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dyer J, Weiss J, Steiner WS, Barber JA. Primary cutaneous Mycobacterium avium complex infection following squamous cell carcinoma excision. Cutis 2016; 98:E8-E11. [PMID: 28099547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is rare, particularly among immunocompetent patients. We present the case of a purportedly healthy patient with primary cutaneous MAC infection arising within the excision margins of multiple infiltrating squamous cell carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Dyer
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Julie A Barber
- Department of Dermatopathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
An adult Domestic Longhair cat developed a subcutaneous mass in its tail. Histologically, this mass consisted of ill-defined pyogranulomas centered around aggregates of gram-positive, acid-fast filamentous bacteria, consistent with Nocardia. Due to the lack of fresh samples, DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections and subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene encompassing Nocardia sp.-specific sequences. Sequences analyzed using the GenBank database revealed 99.5% homology with Nocardia spp. and had the highest sequence homology of 98.2% with Nocardia tenerifensis among Nocardia spp. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of detection of N. tenerifensis genome associated with cutaneous nocardiosis in an animal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Ramos-Vara
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Veraldi S, Çuka E, Vaira F, Nazzaro G. Mycobacterium marinum skin infection in a sushi cook. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2016; 151:569-570. [PMID: 27595206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Veraldi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantations, University of Milan, IRCCS Foundation, Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy -
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tan M, Lee JS, Pan JY. A Case of Recalcitrant Actinomycosis Unresponsive to Antibiotic Therapy. Ann Acad Med Singap 2016; 45:475-476. [PMID: 27832223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
|
38
|
Peart JM, Klein RS, Xu X, Stewart C, Rosenbach M. Sporotrichoid fluctuant nodules. Cutis 2016; 98:82-96. [PMID: 27622258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Peart
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Rachel S Klein
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Campbell Stewart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Misha Rosenbach
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Tresamol PV, Saseendranath MR, Subramanian H, Pillai UN, Mini M, Ajithkumar S. Identification of Dermatophilus congolensis from lower leg dermatitis of cattle in Kerala, India. REV SCI TECH OIE 2016; 34:849-54. [PMID: 27044156 DOI: 10.20506/rst.34.3.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the aetiological agents associated with a particular type of lower leg dermatitis, locally called pododermatitis, among dairy cattle in Kerala. Skin scabs and scrapings were collected aseptically from 82 naturally occurring cases of lower leg dermatitis in cattle and were subjected to direct microscopical examination and bacterial and fungal culture. Microscopical examination of the skin scrapings with 10% potassium hydroxide revealed fungal spores in hair shafts from only two samples and did not reveal the presence of mites or other parasites. Fungal culture yielded dermatophytes from only five samples; these were identified as Trichophyton mentagrophytes in two cases, T verrucosum in one case, Epidermophyton floccosum in one case and Microsporum nanum in one case. Microscopical examination of Giemsa- and Gram-stained smears of the scab material from the lesions from 72 cases revealed characteristic Gram-positive septate branching filaments with multiple rows of spherical to ovoid cocci, with a typical 'tram-track' appearance suggestive of Dermatophilus congolensis. Culture of the scab materials on sheep blood agar in the presence of 10% carbon dioxide yielded typical beta haemolytic colonies of D. congolensis from 75 samples. The isolates were further confirmed by the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the colonies, and biochemical test results. This study confirmed the presence of dermatophilosis caused by D. congolensis in cattle in Kerala.
Collapse
|
41
|
de Oliveira EVL, de Almeida MTG, Turatti A, Gomes CM, Roselino AM. Paracoccidioidomycosis and cryptococcosis with localized skin manifestations: report of two cases in the elderly. An Bras Dermatol 2016; 91:243-4. [PMID: 27192530 PMCID: PMC4861578 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20164061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct cases of Paracoccidioidomycosis and Cryptococcosis with atypical and localized skin manifestation on the upper limbs of two elderly patients are reported. In the 2nd one, he presented asymptomatic pulmonary cancer; the blood tests for fungal infection were negative, and the etiologic agents were seen in skin biopsy samples. This report emphasizes the importance of the differential diagnosis of infectious diseases in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Turatti
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP) – Ribeirão
Preto (SP), Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
We report a rare case of cutaneous Legionella longbeachae infection in a patient receiving long-term corticosteroids for immune thrombocytopenia. Such infections cannot be identified by using Legionella urinary antigen testing but are commonly seen after exposure to commercial potting compost, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sandoval C, Infante J, Abad J, Ferguson HW, Paredes E, Valdebenito S, Yáñez AJ, Ilardi P, Avendaño-Herrera R. Case Report: Strawberry Disease in Farmed Chilean Rainbow Trout. J Aquat Anim Health 2016; 28:1-10. [PMID: 26913369 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2015.1114534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry disease is a chronic, nonlethal skin condition that affects Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in the United States and several European countries, where it is also known as red-mark syndrome. We provide the first identification and characterization of three strawberry disease outbreaks occurring at two aquaculture farms in southern Chile. Clinically affected fish weighing an average of 400 g presented multiple bright-red, usually raised, skin lesions on the flank, ventral surface, and dorsal surface. A PCR using Rickettsia-like-organism (RLO)-specific primers was performed on nine affected fish, and all skin samples were positive for the RLO 16S ribosomal RNA sequence. All PCR results for Flavobacterium psychrophilum and other bacterial and viral pathogens were negative. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions revealed extensive dermatitis, with severe lymphocytic infiltration in advanced cases. This report is the first to describe strawberry disease in farmed Chilean Rainbow Trout. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the risk for Rainbow Trout culture; fish challenge experiments should be performed to fulfill Koch's postulates and to demonstrate that RLO is the cause of this disease. Received December 27, 2014; accepted October 23, 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sandoval
- a Veterquímica Sociedad Anónima, Research and Development Laboratory , Camino a Melipilla 5641, Cerrillos, Santiago , Chile
| | - Jorge Infante
- a Veterquímica Sociedad Anónima, Research and Development Laboratory , Camino a Melipilla 5641, Cerrillos, Santiago , Chile
| | - Jessica Abad
- a Veterquímica Sociedad Anónima, Research and Development Laboratory , Camino a Melipilla 5641, Cerrillos, Santiago , Chile
| | - Hugh W Ferguson
- b Marine Medicine Programme , School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University , Grenada , West Indies
| | - Enrique Paredes
- c Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias , Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile
| | - Samuel Valdebenito
- a Veterquímica Sociedad Anónima, Research and Development Laboratory , Camino a Melipilla 5641, Cerrillos, Santiago , Chile
| | - Alejandro J Yáñez
- d Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile
- e Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research , Concepción , Chile
| | - Pedro Ilardi
- a Veterquímica Sociedad Anónima, Research and Development Laboratory , Camino a Melipilla 5641, Cerrillos, Santiago , Chile
| | - Ruben Avendaño-Herrera
- e Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research , Concepción , Chile
- f Laboratorio de Patología de Organismos Acuáticos y Biotecnologáa Acuácola , Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello , Viña del Mar , Chile
- g Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay , Quintay , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Affiliation(s)
- A S Büchau
- Hautklinik der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
MESH Headings
- Biopsy
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/genetics
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/surgery
- Comorbidity
- Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
- Female
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery
- Scalp/pathology
- Scalp/surgery
- Skin/pathology
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/diagnosis
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/surgery
- Superinfection/diagnosis
- Superinfection/pathology
- Ultrasonography
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Dräger
- Hautklinik der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sari T, Koruk ST. Cutaneous anthrax in an unusual location: case report. Infez Med 2015; 23:370-373. [PMID: 26700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous anthrax is well known, unlike anthrax of the lumbar region, which is not reported elsewhere. We present a case of anthrax of the lumbar region in a 50-year-old man. The infection was characterised by a wide, black eschar and oedema on an erythematous ground. After isolation of the Gram-positive bacilli from the skin lesions, prompt antibiotic treatment (intravenous sulbactam-ampicillin 1.5 g every six hours) was initiated. Following eradication of the bacilli after 14 days of antibiotic treatment, a split-thickness skin graft was applied. A diagnosis of anthrax depends on clinical suspicion. Early diagnosis, antibiotic and surgical treatment can facilitate the treatment and prevent development of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Sari
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Buldan Chest Diseases Hospital, Buldan/Denizli, Turkey
| | - Suda Tekin Koruk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bhargava
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St John's Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dan M, Taran D. Melioidosis of the Skin in an Israeli Traveler Returning from Thailand. Isr Med Assoc J 2015; 17:724-725. [PMID: 26757575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
49
|
Hansmann B, Schröder JM, Gerstel U. Skin-Derived C-Terminal Filaggrin-2 Fragments Are Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Directed Antimicrobials Targeting Bacterial Replication. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005159. [PMID: 26371476 PMCID: PMC4570713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil- and waterborne bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa are constantly challenging body surfaces. Since infections of healthy skin are unexpectedly rare, we hypothesized that the outermost epidermis, the stratum corneum, and sweat glands directly control the growth of P. aeruginosa by surface-provided antimicrobials. Due to its high abundance in the upper epidermis and eccrine sweat glands, filaggrin-2 (FLG2), a water-insoluble 248 kDa S100 fused-type protein, might possess these innate effector functions. Indeed, recombinant FLG2 C-terminal protein fragments display potent antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and other Pseudomonads. Moreover, upon cultivation on stratum corneum, P. aeruginosa release FLG2 C-terminus-containing FLG2 fragments from insoluble material, indicating liberation of antimicrobially active FLG2 fragments by the bacteria themselves. Analyses of the underlying antimicrobial mechanism reveal that FLG2 C-terminal fragments do not induce pore formation, as known for many other antimicrobial peptides, but membrane blebbing, suggesting an alternative mode of action. The association of the FLG2 fragment with the inner membrane of treated bacteria and its DNA-binding implicated an interference with the bacterial replication that was confirmed by in vitro and in vivo replication assays. Probably through in situ-activation by soil- and waterborne bacteria such as Pseudomonads, FLG2 interferes with the bacterial replication, terminates their growth on skin surface and thus may contributes to the skin's antimicrobial defense shield. The apparent absence of FLG2 at certain body surfaces, as in the lung or of burned skin, would explain their higher susceptibility towards Pseudomonas infections and make FLG2 C-terminal fragments and their derivatives candidates for new Pseudomonas-targeting antimicrobials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Britta Hansmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Gerstel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gao W, Chen H, Wang H, Jiang H, Liu W, Hao D, Tang M. Bilateral Sporotrichoid Cutaneous Infection by Mycobacterium haemophilum in a Chinese Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Acta Derm Venereol 2015; 95:760-1. [PMID: 25710918 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, 12, Jiangwangmiao Road, Nanjing 210042, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|