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Song Y, Zhao B, Wang S, Zheng Y, Zhou Y, Ou X, Xia H, Zhao Y. Proficiency of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China, 2008-2021. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304265. [PMID: 38809914 PMCID: PMC11135779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
To analyze the results of proficiency testing for anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing (DST) in China. Number of laboratory participating the proficiency testing performed DST, and the sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and accordance rate were calculated from data of 13 rounds proficiency testing results for DST from 2008 to 2021. A total of 30 and 20 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with known susceptibility results were sent to each laboratory in 2008 to 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The number of participating laboratories ranged from 30 in 2009 to 546 in 2021. L-J DST was the predominant method. The specificity presented relatively higher than sensitivity. Improvement of specificity were observed for all drugs through the years, while sensitivity did not show improvement for amikacin and capreomycin. Accordance rate of pyrazinamide and kanamycin and reproducibility of capreomycin and pyrazinamide were not significantly improved through the years. Most of the participating laboratories significantly improved the quality of their DST through the consecutive rounds of proficiency testing except for second-line injectable drugs and pyrazinamide. The results highlight the importance of developing novel and/or improving existing methods for phenotypic DST for certain drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Song
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhao
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengfen Wang
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Xichao Ou
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xia
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
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2
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Pu X, Wang Y, Wang X, Sang X, Jiang M, Qi D, Zhao X, Chen R, Li J, Liu X, Liu Z, Yang J. Lipids Extracted from Mycobacterial Membrane and Enveloped PLGA Nanoparticles for Encapsulating Antibacterial Drugs Elicit Synergistic Antimicrobial Response against Mycobacteria. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2238-2249. [PMID: 38622497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which shows a long treatment cycle often leads to drug resistance, making treatment more difficult. Immunogens present in the pathogen's cell membrane can stimulate endogenous immune responses. Therefore, an effective lipid-based vaccine or drug delivery vehicle formulated from the pathogen's cell membrane can improve treatment outcomes. Herein, we extracted and characterized lipids fromMycobacterium smegmatis, and the extracts contained lipids belonging to numerous lipid classes and compounds typically found associated with mycobacteria. The extracted lipids were used to formulate biomimetic lipid reconstituted nanoparticles (LrNs) and LrNs-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-LrNs). Physiochemical characterization and results of morphology suggested that PLGA-LrNs exhibited enhanced stability compared with LrNs. And both of these two types of nanoparticles inhibited the growth of M. smegmatis. After loading different drugs, PLGA-LrNs containing berberine or coptisine strongly and synergistically prevented the growth of M. smegmatis. Altogether, the bacterial membrane lipids we extracted with antibacterial activity can be used as nanocarrier coating for synergistic antibacterial treatment of M. smegmatis─an alternative model of Mtb, which is expected as a novel therapeutic system for TB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Pu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqing Sang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - DaWei Qi
- Medcity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistokatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Infectious Disease Drug Discovery Institute, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Infectious Disease Drug Discovery Institute, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Medcity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistokatu 6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Infectious Disease Drug Discovery Institute, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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3
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Sadineni K, Reddy Basireddy S, Rao Allaka T, Yatam S, Bhoomandla S, Muvvala V, Babu Haridasyam S. Design, Synthesis and In vitro Antitubercular Effect of New Chalcone Derivatives Coupled with 1,2,3-Triazoles: A Computational Docking Techniques. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400389. [PMID: 38457745 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
A very interesting foundation for this study is the creation of new methods for modifying compounds with a 1,2,3-triazole and chalcone scaffolds, as these compounds are significant in organic synthesis, particularly in the synthesis of bioactive organic compounds. To contribute to the development of an efficient method for the conversion of antimicrobial and antituberculosis heterocyclics, a novel series of cyclohepta pyridinone fused 1,2,3-triazolyl chalcones were designed and synthesized. All the newly prepared scaffolds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectrometry. Among the tested compounds, hybrids 8b, 8d, and 8f exhibited exceptional antibacterial susceptibilities with zone of inhibition 27.84±0.04, 32.27±0.02, and 38.26±0.01 mm against the tested E. faecalis bacteria, whereas 8d had better antitubercular potency against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain with MIC value 5.25 μg/mL, compared to Streptomycin [MIC=5.01 μg/mL]. All the synthesized compounds were initially assessed in silico against the targeted protein i. e., DprE1 that indicated compound 8d, 8f and 8h along with several other 1,2,3-triazole compounds as possible inhibitors. Based on docking results, 8d showed that the amino acids His74(A), Lys76(A), Cys332(A), Asp331(A), Val307(A), Tyr357(A), Met226(A), Gln276(A), Gly75(A), Peo58(A), Leu259(A), and Lys309(A) exhibited highly stable binding to DprE1 receptor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PDB: 4G3 U). Moreover, these scaffolds physicochemical characteristics, filtration molecular properties, assessment of toxicity, and bioactivity scores were assessed in relation to ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaraswamy Sadineni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Hyderabad-502329, Telangana, India
| | - Sravanthi Reddy Basireddy
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Dundigal, Hyderabad, Telangana-500043, India
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Tejeswara Rao Allaka
- Centre for Chemical Sciences and Technology, University College of Engineering, Science and Technology Hyderabad, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana-500085, India
| | - Satyanarayana Yatam
- A1Biochem Labs (India) Pvt LTD, Pragathi Nagar, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500072, Telangana, India
| | - Srinu Bhoomandla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Hyderabad-502329, Telangana, India
- Department of Chemistry, Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Cheeryal, Medchal-501301, Telangana, India
| | - Venkatanaryana Muvvala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Hyderabad-502329, Telangana, India
| | - Sharath Babu Haridasyam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gitam deemed to be University, Hyderabad campus, Rudraram, Hyderabad-502329, Telangana, India
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4
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Bahlool AZ, Cavanagh B, Sullivan AO, MacLoughlin R, Keane J, Sullivan MPO, Cryan SA. Microfluidics produced ATRA-loaded PLGA NPs reduced tuberculosis burden in alveolar epithelial cells and enabled high delivered dose under simulated human breathing pattern in 3D printed head models. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106734. [PMID: 38417586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is second only to COVID-19 as the top infectious disease killer worldwide. Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) may arise because of poor patient adherence to medications due to lengthy treatment duration and side effects. Delivering novel host directed therapies (HDT), like all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) may help to improve drug regimens and reduce the incidence of MDR-TB. Local delivery of ATRA to the site of infection leads to higher bioavailability and reduced systemic side effects. ATRA is poorly soluble in water and has a short half-life in plasma. Therefore, it requires a formulation step before it can be administered in vivo. ATRA loaded PLGA nanoparticles suitable for nebulization were manufactured and optimized using a scalable nanomanufacturing microfluidics (MF) mixing approach (MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs). MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs demonstrated a dose dependent inhibition of Mtb growth in TB-infected A549 alveolar epithelial cell model while preserving cell viability. The MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs were nebulized with the Aerogen Solo vibrating mesh nebulizer, with aerosol droplet size characterized using laser diffraction and the estimated delivered dose was determined. The volume median diameter (VMD) of the MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs was 3.00 ± 0.18 μm. The inhaled dose delivered in adult and paediatric 3D printed head models under a simulated normal adult and paediatric breathing pattern was found to be 47.05 ± 3 % and 20.15 ± 3.46 % respectively. These aerosol characteristics of MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs supports its suitability for delivery to the lungs via inhalation. The data generated on the efficacy of an inhalable, scalable and regulatory friendly ATRA-PLGA NPs formulation provides a foundation on which further pre-clinical testing can be built. Overall, the results of this project are promising for future research into ATRA loaded NPs formulations as inhaled host directed therapies for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z Bahlool
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew O' Sullivan
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd, Galway Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd, Galway Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Mary P O' Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland; SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), NUIG & RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
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5
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Madadi-Goli N, Ahmadi K, Kamakoli MK, Azizi M, Khanipour S, Dizaji SP, Nasehi M, Siadat SD, Fateh A, Vaziri F. The importance of heteroresistance and efflux pumps in bedaquiline-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Iran. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024; 23:36. [PMID: 38664815 PMCID: PMC11046812 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-024-00694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a threat to communities worldwide and remains a significant public health issue in several countries. We assessed the role of heteroresistance and efflux pumps in bedaquiline (BDQ)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. METHODS Nineteen clinical isolates were included in the study, of which fifteen isolates were classified as MDR or XDR, while four isolates were fully susceptible. To evaluate BDQ heteroresistance, the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) method was employed. For screening mixed infections, MIRU-VNTR was performed on clinical isolates. Mutations in the atpE and Rv0678 genes were determined based on next-generation sequencing data. Additionally, real-time PCR was applied to assess the expression of efflux pump genes in the absence and presence of verapamil (VP). RESULTS All 15 drug-resistant isolates displayed resistance to BDQ. Among the 19 total isolates, 21.05% (4/19) exhibited a heteroresistance pattern to BDQ. None of the isolates carried a mutation of the atpE and Rv0678 genes associated with BDQ resistance. Regarding the MIRU-VNTR analysis, most isolates (94.73%) showed the Beijing genotype. Fifteen (78.9%) isolates showed a significant reduction in BDQ MIC after VP treatment. The efflux pump genes of Rv0676c, Rv1258c, Rv1410c, Rv1634, Rv1819, Rv2459, Rv2846, and Rv3065 were overexpressed in the presence of BDQ. CONCLUSIONS Our results clearly demonstrated the crucial role of heteroresistance and efflux pumps in BDQ resistance. Additionally, we established a direct link between the Rv0676c gene and BDQ resistance. The inclusion of VP significantly reduced the MIC of BDQ in both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Madadi-Goli
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Ahmadi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Kargarpour Kamakoli
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azizi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sharareh Khanipour
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Pourazar Dizaji
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Nasehi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave., Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Chen X, Li Y, Wang B, Lu Y. Identification of Mutations Associated With Macozinone-Resistant in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:205. [PMID: 35616769 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel anti-tuberculosis drug macozinone (MCZ) is identified as a drug candidate and is currently under clinical development for the treatment of tuberculosis. However, the mutations conferring resistance to MCZ remain inadequately characterized. In this study we investigated resistant mutations to the MCZ through de novo resistance selection in vitro. This was accomplished by passing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv on solid agar plates, which were infused with the antibiotic. Through whole genome sequencing and targeted PCR genomic resistance conferring SNPs were catalogued, and the resistant phenotype was analyzed by MABA test. Of MCZ-resistant clones obtained in vitro the mutation of C387S in dprE1 is only observed in high-level resistant clones (MIC90 > 500 ng/mL) indicating that C387S mutation is directly related to high-level MCZ-resistance. In addition, high-level resistance to MCZ can occur in clone grew on agar plates infused with low concentration MCZ, which means low concentration MCZ induction can produce high-level drug-resistance and it is easy to produce high-level MCZ-resistance. We also found two new mutations (G61A and G248A) in dprE1 for the first time. The MIC90 of other clones except the clones carrying the C387S mutation was at the same level (20 ng/mL > MIC90 > 2 ng/mL). Of low-level resistant clones other gene mutations involved in drug efflux or membrane permeability were found (pepQ, Rv0678, arsC, etc.), with highest mutation frequency in Rv0678 (50/64, 78.12%). It suggests that there may be new mechanisms independent of dprE1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, and Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, and Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, and Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, and Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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7
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Gupta S, Kumar C, Shrivastava K, Chauhan V, Singh A, Arora R, Giri A, Cabibbe AM, Sharma NK, Spitaleri A, Cirillo DM, Bose M, Varma-Basil M. Whole genome sequencing of isoniazid monoresistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals novel genetic polymorphisms. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2022; 133:102173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Utama RH, Tan VTG, Tjandra KC, Sexton A, Nguyen DHT, O'Mahony AP, Du EY, Tian P, Ribeiro JCC, Kavallaris M, Gooding JJ. A Covalently Crosslinked Ink for Multimaterials Drop-on-Demand 3D Bioprinting of 3D Cell Cultures. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100125. [PMID: 34173320 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In vitro 3D cell models have been accepted to better recapitulate aspects of in vivo organ environment than 2D cell culture. Currently, the production of these complex in vitro 3D cell models with multiple cell types and microenvironments remains challenging and prone to human error. Here, a versatile ink comprising a 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based polymer with distal maleimide derivatives as the main ink component and a bis-thiol species as the activator that crosslinks the polymer to form the hydrogel in less than a second is reported. The rapid gelation makes the polymer system compatible with 3D bioprinting. The ink is combined with a novel drop-on-demand 3D bioprinting platform, designed specifically for producing 3D cell cultures, consisting of eight independently addressable nozzles and high-throughput printing logic for creating complex 3D cell culture models. The combination of multiple nozzles and fast printing logic enables the rapid preparation of many complex 3D cell cultures comprising multiple hydrogel environments in one structure in a standard 96-well plate format. The platform's compatibility for biological applications is validated using pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) and human dermal fibroblast cells with their phenotypic responses controlled by tuning the hydrogel microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Utama
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Vincent T G Tan
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kristel C Tjandra
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew Sexton
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Duyen H T Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Eric Y Du
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peilin Tian
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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9
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Li MC, Chen R, Lin SQ, Lu Y, Liu HC, Li GL, Liu ZG, Zhao XQ, Zhao LL, Wan KL. Detecting Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in China: A Comparison Between Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing Methods and DNA Sequencing of embAB. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:781. [PMID: 32457711 PMCID: PMC7227436 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), determining a rapid and accurate drug susceptibility testing (DST) method to identify ethambutol (EMB) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become essential for patient management in China. Herein, we evaluated the correlation between three phenotypic DST methods, namely, proportion method (PM), MGIT 960 system, and microplate alamar Blue assay (MABA), and DNA sequencing of embAB in 118 M. tuberculosis isolates from China. When the results of the phenotypic DST methods were compared with those of DNA sequencing, the overall agreement and kappa values of the PM, MGIT 960 system, and MABA were 81.4% and 0.61, 77.1% and 0.55, and 84.7% and 0.67, respectively. The agreement for EMB resistance between MABA and PM was significantly higher than that between the MGIT 960 system and PM (P = 0.02). Moreover, among the isolates with detectable embAB mutations, 97.2% (70/72 isolates) harbored mutations in embB. The analysis of embB mutations predicted EMB resistance with 81.3% sensitivity, 86.8% specificity, and 83.1% accuracy. Thus, MABA may be a better phenotypic DST method for detecting EMB resistance. DNA sequencing of embB may be useful for the early identification of EMB resistance and the consequent optimization of the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma-Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Pathogenic Biology Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Lin
- Department of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hai-Can Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Lian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang-Lin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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10
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Granados-Tristán AL, Borrego-Loya A, González-Escalante LA, Esquivel-Lucio GJ, Márquez-Uribe DY, Rigal-Leal J, Robles-González RJ, Arriaga-Guerrero AL, Silva-Ramírez B, Hernández-Luna CE, Contreras-Cordero JF, Villarreal-Treviño L, Mercado Hernández R, Bermúdez De León M, Peñuelas-Urquides K. Role of esxG and esxH Genes in Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:1279-1290. [PMID: 32379526 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis drug resistance (DR) is a global problem that is not fully elucidated. Previously, overexpression of esxG and esxH genes was reported in a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate compared with a reference H37Rv strain. To evaluate the roles of esxG and esxH in DR, analysis of their regulatory and coding sequences in sensitive and resistant strains was performed, and the expression levels of their transcriptional regulators IdeR, Zur, and MntR were evaluated. esxG and esxH were expressed heterologously using mycobacterial constructs, and the orthologs Msmeg_0620 and Msmeg_0621 were attenuated in Mycobacterium smegmatis by antisense knockdown. We found no differences in the regulatory and coding sequences of esxG and esxH between the sensitive strain and the MDR isolate. Expression analysis of transcriptional regulators showed that ideR was upregulated in isoniazid (INH)-resistant isolates; in addition, growth inhibition of the M. smegmatis strain was observed in the presence of rifampicin (RIF) and INH when esxG and esxH were expressed heterologously, while faster growth in the presence of RIF was observed when the orthologs were attenuated. In conclusion, the expression of esxG and esxH altered the growth of Mycobacterium in the presence of INH and RIF, suggesting a potential association with DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Granados-Tristán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Alejandra Borrego-Loya
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Laura Adiene González-Escalante
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | - Gladis Janeth Esquivel-Lucio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Dulce Yesenia Márquez-Uribe
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Joyce Rigal-Leal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Rene J Robles-González
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Ana Leticia Arriaga-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Beatriz Silva-Ramírez
- Departamento de Inmunogenética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | | | | | - Licet Villarreal-Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Roberto Mercado Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Mario Bermúdez De León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | - Katia Peñuelas-Urquides
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
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11
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12
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Ghajavand H, Kargarpour Kamakoli M, Khanipour S, Pourazar Dizaji S, Masoumi M, Rahimi Jamnani F, Fateh A, Yaseri M, Siadat SD, Vaziri F. Scrutinizing the drug resistance mechanism of multi- and extensively-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mutations versus efflux pumps. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:70. [PMID: 31073401 PMCID: PMC6498538 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In order to shorten the course of treatment and its effectiveness, it is essential to gain an in-depth insight into the drug resistance mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Methods In this study, we evaluated the contribution of 26 drug efflux pumps plus target gene mutations to the drug resistance levels in multi-drug resistant (MDR)/pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and mono-drug resistant clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. The panels of 25 M. tuberculosis clinical strains were characterized for drug resistance-associated mutations with whole-genome sequencing and antibiotic profiles in the presence and absence of efflux inhibitor verapamil (VP). Results Different MICs were observed for the same target gene mutations. Out of the 16 MDR/pre-XDR/XDR isolates, 6 (37.5%) and 3 (18.8%) isolates demonstrated a significant decrease in rifampicin (RIF) MIC and isoniazid (INH) MIC due to the VP exposure (64 μg/mL), respectively. Susceptibility to RIF was fully restored in two isolates after VP exposure. Moreover, the efflux pump genes of Rv2938, Rv2936, Rv1145, Rv1146, Rv933, Rv1250, Rv876, Rv2333, Rv2459, Rv849, and Rv1819 were overexpressed in the presence of anti-TB drugs, showing the contribution of these efflux pumps to the overall resistance phenotype. Conclusions Our results clearly showed that efflux systems, besides spontaneous mutations, play a role in the development of INH/RIF resistance. In addition, although VP was effective in reducing the expression of some efflux pumps, it was not very successful at the phenotypic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ghajavand
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Mansour Kargarpour Kamakoli
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Sharareh Khanipour
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Shahin Pourazar Dizaji
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Morteza Masoumi
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- 1Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,2Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Ave, Jomhoori St, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
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13
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Faksri K, Kaewprasert O, Ong RTH, Suriyaphol P, Prammananan T, Teo YY, Srilohasin P, Chaiprasert A. Comparisons of whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing MDR-TB and XDR-TB in Thailand. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:109-116. [PMID: 30981926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem. There is little information regarding the genotypic-phenotypic association of anti-TB drugs, especially for second-line drugs. This study compared phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) with predictions based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for 266 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Phenotypic DST used the standard proportional method. Clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis collected in Thailand between 1998 and 2013 comprised 51 drug-sensitive strains, six mono-resistant strains, two multiple-resistant strains, 88 multi-drug-resistant strains, 95 pre-extensively drug-resistant strains and 24 extensively drug-resistant strains. WGS analysis was performed using the computer programs PhyResSE and TB-Profiler. TB-Profiler had higher average concordance with phenotypic DST than PhyResSE for both first-line (91.96% vs. 91.4%) and second-line (79.67% vs. 78.20%) anti-TB drugs. The average sensitivity for all anti-TB drugs was also higher (83.13% vs. 72.08%) with slightly lower specificity (83.50% vs. 86.68%). Regardless of the program used, isoniazid, rifampicin and amikacin had the highest concordance with phenotypic DST (96.2%, 93.5% and 95.6%, respectively). Ethambutol, ethionamide and fluoroquinolones had the lowest concordance (87.34%, 81.44% and 73.85%, respectively). Concordance rates of ofloxacin (a second-generation fluoroquinolone), levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin (third- and fourth-generation fluoroquinolones) were 91.79%, 76.62%, 72.64% and 57.35%, respectively. Discordance between phenotypic and WGS-based DSTs may be due, in part, to the choice of critical concentration and variable reproducibility of the phenotypic tests. It may also be due to limitations of the mutation databases (especially for the second-line drugs) and the analysis program used. Mutations related to fluoroquinolone resistance, especially the later generations, need to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiatichai Faksri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Orawee Kaewprasert
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rick Twee-Hee Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prapat Suriyaphol
- Bioinformatics and Data Management for Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Therdsak Prammananan
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Ministry of Science and Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Yik-Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prapaporn Srilohasin
- Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Angkana Chaiprasert
- Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Structural, density functional computational studies and antibacterial screening on N,N′-bis-(4-hydroxy-α-methylsalicylidene)ethylenediamine nickel (II) complex. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Cirillo D, Borroni E, Festoso I, Monti D, Romeo S, Mazier D, Verotta L. Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of (+)-usnic acid conjugates. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800177. [PMID: 30407647 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
New therapeutics are urgently needed to fight tuberculosis and mycobacteria-related diseases that are a major health hazard especially in poor countries. Natural products have been the source of important antitubercular drugs in the past and still need to receive attention as a potent reservoir of chemical structures. Fifteen known and two new (+)-usnic acid (a benzofurandione formerly isolated from lichens) enamines and hydrazones are here described and tested against sensitive and multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacteria. Among several (+)-usnic acid conjugates, PS14 and PS18 showed potent activity against both susceptible and resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains (MIC values of 1-32 and 2-32 mg/L, respectively) comparable with MIC of other antitubercular drugs already in use for tuberculosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cirillo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Transplantation, Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Borroni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Transplantation, Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Festoso
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Transplantation, Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Monti
- Department of Chemistry, ISTM-CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Romeo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Sorbonne Universités, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Luisella Verotta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi, MIlan, Italy
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16
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Mutations within embCAB Are Associated with Variable Level of Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 62:AAC.01279-17. [PMID: 29084750 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01279-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The EmbCAB proteins have been considered a target for ethambutol (EMB). Mutations in embCAB are known to confer most EMB resistance. However, the knowledge about the effects of embCAB mutations on the EMB resistance level and about the role of mutation-mutation interactions is limited in China. Here, we sequenced embCAB among 125 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from China and quantified their EMB MICs by testing growth at 10 concentrations. Furthermore, a multivariate regression model was established to assess the effects of both individual mutations and multiple mutations. Our results revealed that in China, 82.6% of EMB-resistant isolates (71/86 isolates) harbored at least one mutation within embCAB Most of the mutations were located in the embB and embA upstream region. Several individual mutations and multiple mutations within this region contributed to the different levels of EMB resistance. Their effects were statistically significant. Additionally, there was an association between high-level EMB resistance and multiple mutations.
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17
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Dadura K, Płocińska R, Rumijowska-Galewicz A, Płociński P, Żaczek A, Dziadek B, Zaborowski A, Dziadek J. PdtaS Deficiency Affects Resistance of Mycobacteria to Ribosome Targeting Antibiotics. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2145. [PMID: 29163430 PMCID: PMC5676007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-component regulatory systems (TCSSs) are key regulatory elements responsible for the adaptation of bacteria to environmental stresses. A classical TCSS is typically comprised of a sensory histidine kinase and a corresponding response regulator. Here, we used homologous recombination to construct a Mycobacterium smegmatis mutant defective in the synthesis of cytosolic histidine kinase PdtaS (Msmeg_1918). The resulting ΔpdtaS mutant strain was tested in the Phenotype Microarray screening system, which allowed us to identify aminoglycoside antibiotic sensitivity, tetracyclines antibiotic resistance as well as membrane transport and respiration, as the main processes affected by removal of pdtaS. The antibiotic sensitivity profiles were confirmed by survival assessment and complementation studies. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for the observed phenotype, we compared ribosomal RNA and protein profiles of the mutant and wild-type strains. We carried out Northern blotting and qRT-PCR to compare rRNA levels and analyzed ribosome sedimentation patterns of the wild-type and mutant strains on sucrose gradients. Isolated ribosomes were further used to estimate relative abundance of individual proteins in the ribosomal subunits using label free mass spectrometry analysis. Additionally, the ΔpdtaS mutant revealed lower activity of the respiratory chain as measured by the rate of TTC (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) reduction, while at the same time showing only insignificant changes in the uptake of aminoglycosides. We postulate that deficiency of PdtaS affects the oxidative respiration rates and ribosomal composition causing relevant changes to intrinsic resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics targeting ribosomes, which are commonly used to treat mycobacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dadura
- Institute for Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Renata Płocińska
- Institute for Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | | | | | - Anna Żaczek
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Bożena Dziadek
- Department of Immunoparasitology, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Dziadek
- Institute for Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
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18
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Burke RM, Coronel J, Moore D. Minimum inhibitory concentration distributions for first- and second-line antimicrobials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1023-1026. [PMID: 28759352 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the range of minimum inhibitory concentrations for six antimicrobial drugs in 228 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates from three distinct groups of patients (unselected patients, patients at high risk of drug-resistant TB and HIV-positive patients) in Lima, Peru. These data highlight the challenges of and discriminatory characteristics required for MTB drug susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Burke
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jorge Coronel
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - David Moore
- TB Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Laboratorio de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
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19
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Aldulaimi O. Screening of Fruits of Seven Plants Indicated for Medicinal Use in Iraq. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S189-S195. [PMID: 28808379 PMCID: PMC5538153 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_503_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Coumarins exert many biological effects in humans, animals, and plants, which make the evaluation of their biological activities and study of their role in ethnomedicine highly valued. Objectives: Here, we selected seven plants which have ethnopharmacological use as antimicrobial in Iraq and the aims were to quantify the two structural isomers bergapten and methoxsalen in their seeds, to evaluate the antibacterial activities against several clinical isolates, and to isolate bergapten and methoxsalen from Ammi majus. Materials and Methods: Seven plants were extracted by petroleum ether (PE) and ethanol (EtOH). Bergapten and methoxsalen were separated and purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography. Quantification of the furanocoumarins has been conducted by high-performance liquid chromatography, and all the plant extracts and pure compounds were checked for antibacterial activities utilizing alamar blue microplate assay. Results: Cuminum cyminum was deprived of bergapten and methoxsalen and methoxsalen was not detected from Apium graveolens. Bergapten was abundant in PE more than in EtOH; on the other hand, EtOH was rich in methoxsalen. The separation of the two structural isomers was performed using normal phase chromatography and ultraviolet light as an indicator. All extracts showed weak to moderate antibacterial activities against Gram-positive isolates which were more sensitive than the negative ones. C. cyminum extract was least active, uncover the antibacterial role of bergapten and methoxsalen. Conclusion: These findings support the medicinal use of seeds of seven plants from Apiaceae family and quantify the two pharmacologically important furanocoumarins (bergapten and methoxsalen). SUMMARY This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activities of seven plants seeds used in local medicine in Iraq. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify bergapten and xanthotoxin in non-polar and polar extracts of these seeds. This study supports the medicinal use of these plants and clarifies the role of bergapten and xanthotoxin in antibacterial activities of these plants.
Abbreviations used: EtOH: Ethanol; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; PE: Petroleum ether; Rf: Retardation factor; Rt: Retention time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Aldulaimi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Hu Y, Wu X, Luo J, Fu Y, Zhao L, Ma Y, Li Y, Liang Q, Shang Y, Huang H. Detection of pyrazinamide resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using nicotinamide as a surrogate. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:835-838. [PMID: 28411185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the importance of pyrazinamide (PZA) in tuberculosis treatment, PZA susceptibility testing is not routinely performed because of its acid pH requirement. We evaluated the Microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA) to detect resistance to PZA using nicotinamide (NIC) as a surrogate in neutral pH and identify the appropriate cutoff point for the assay. METHODS The NIC minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) for 125 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were tested by MABA at nine different concentrations (8-2000 μg/mL). The PZA susceptibility testing by the BACTEC MGIT 960 system was used as a reference method. The pncA gene and its promoter region were sequenced for all the recruited strains. RESULTS A total of 64 of 125 clinical isolates were identified as resistant by MGIT 960. Using a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of >500 μg/mL as the cutoff concentration to define resistance presented the best fit of the MABA assay with the MGIT 960 outcomes. MABA demonstrated sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval, 92.6-100), specificity of 95.2% (95% confidence interval, 86.0-98.8) and an accuracy of 97.6% compared to the MGIT 960 method. Nine PZA susceptible strains defined by MGIT 960 also had pncA mutations; however, three of them were defined as PZA resistant by NIC MABA with MIC ≥2000 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The NIC substitution method for PZA susceptibility test is reliable, cheap, rapid and easy, which makes it promising for use in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - J Luo
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Y Fu
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhao
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Y Ma
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Y Li
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Q Liang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Y Shang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - H Huang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China.
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21
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Susceptibility profiles of Nocardia spp. to antimicrobial and antituberculotic agents detected by a microplate Alamar Blue assay. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43660. [PMID: 28252662 PMCID: PMC5333629 DOI: 10.1038/srep43660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nocardia species are ubiquitous in natural environments and can cause nocardiosis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has long been the monotherapy treatment of choice, but resistance to this treatment has recently emerged. In this study, we used microplate Alamar Blue assays to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 65 standard Nocardia isolates, including 28 type strains and 20 clinical Nocardia isolates, to 32 antimicrobial agents, including 13 little studied drugs. Susceptibility to the most commonly used drug, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was observed in 98% of the isolates. Linezolid, meropenem, and amikacin were also highly effective, with 98%, 95%, and 90% susceptibility, respectively, among the isolates. The isolates showed a high percentage of resistance or nonsusceptibility to isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. For the remaining antimicrobials, resistance was species-specific among isolates and was observed in traditional drug pattern types. In addition, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of a variety of rarely encountered standard Nocardia species are reported, as are the results for rarely reported clinical antibiotics. We also provide a timely update of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns that includes three new drug pattern types. The data from this study provide information on antimicrobial activity against specific Nocardia species and yield important clues for the optimization of species-specific Nocardia therapies.
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22
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Kar SS, Bhat G V, Rao PPN, Shenoy VP, Bairy I, Shenoy GG. Rational design and synthesis of novel diphenyl ether derivatives as antitubercular agents. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:2299-310. [PMID: 27486307 PMCID: PMC4958353 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s104037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of triclosan mimic diphenyl ether derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The binding mode of the compounds at the active site of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase of M. tuberculosis has been explored. Among them, compound 10b was found to possess antitubercular activity (minimum inhibitory concentration =12.5 µg/mL) comparable to triclosan. All the synthesized compounds exhibited low levels of cytotoxicity against Vero and HepG2 cell lines, and three compounds 10a, 10b, and 10c had a selectivity index more than 10. Compound 10b was also evaluated for log P, pKa, human liver microsomal stability, and % protein binding, in order to probe its druglikeness. Based on the antitubercular activity and druglikeness profile, it may be concluded that compound 10b could be a lead for future development of antitubercular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhartha S Kar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Varadaraj Bhat G
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Praveen PN Rao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Vishnu P Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
| | - Indira Bairy
- Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - G Gautham Shenoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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23
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Inturi B, Pujar GV, Purohit MN, Iyer VB, G. S. S, Kulkarni M. Design, synthesis and evaluation of diphenyl ether analogues as antitubercular agents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19821j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report the investigation of new diphenyl ethers asMycobacterium tuberculosisenoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) inhibitors by structure-based drug design approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathkumar Inturi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
| | - Gurubasavaraj V. Pujar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
| | - Madhusudhan N. Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
| | - Viswanathan B. Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
| | - Sowmya G. S.
- Department of Microbiology
- JSS Medical College and Hospital
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
| | - Madhuri Kulkarni
- Department of Microbiology
- JSS Medical College and Hospital
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University
- Mysore-570015
- India
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24
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Li G, Zhang J, Li C, Guo Q, Jiang Y, Wei J, Qiu Y, Zhao X, Zhao LL, Lu J, Wan K. Antimycobacterial activity of five efflux pump inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 69:173-5. [PMID: 26464012 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Laboratory, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Pathogenic Biology Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhao Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li-li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
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25
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Singh N, Tiwari S, Srivastava KK, Siddiqi MI. Identification of Novel Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis PknG Using Pharmacophore Based Virtual Screening, Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Their Biological Evaluation. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:1120-9. [PMID: 25965448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PknG is a Ser/thr protein kinase that plays a crucial role in regulatory processes within the mycobacterial cell and signaling cascade of the infected host cell. The essentiality of PknG in mycobacterial virulence by blocking phagosome-lysosome fusion as well as its role in intrinsic antibiotic resistance makes it an attractive drug target. However, only very few compounds have been reported as Mycobacterium tuberculosis PknG (MtPknG) inhibitors so far. Therefore, in an effort to find potential inhibitors against MtPknG, we report here a sequential pharmacophore-based virtual screening workflow, 3-fold docking with different search algorithms, and molecular dynamic simulations for better insight into the predicted binding mode of identified hits. After detailed analysis of the results, six ligands were selected for in vitro analysis. Three of these molecules showed significant inhibitory activity against MtPknG. In addition, inhibitory studies of mycobacterial growth in infected THP-1 macrophages demonstrated considerable growth inhibition of M. bovis BCG induced through compound NRB04248 without any cytotoxic effect against host macrophages. Our results suggest that the compound NRB04248 can be explored for further design and optimization of MtPknG inhibitors.
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26
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Li G, Zhang J, Guo Q, Jiang Y, Wei J, Zhao LL, Zhao X, Lu J, Wan K. Efflux pump gene expression in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119013. [PMID: 25695504 PMCID: PMC4335044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) are the two most effective drugs in tuberculosis therapy. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance to these two drugs is essential to quickly diagnose multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis. Nine clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates resistant to only INH and RIF and 10 clinical pan-sensitive isolates were included to evaluate the expression of 20 putative drug efflux pump genes and sequence mutations in rpoB (RIF), katG (INH), the inhA promoter (INH), and oxyR-ahpC (INH). Nine and three MDR isolates were induced to overexpress efflux pump genes by INH and RIF, respectively. Eight and two efflux pump genes were induced to overexpress by INH and RIF in MDR isolates, respectively. drrA, drrB, efpA, jefA (Rv2459), mmr, Rv0849, Rv1634, and Rv1250 were overexpressed under INH or RIF stress. Most efflux pump genes were overexpressed under INH stress in a MDR isolates that carried the wild-type katG, inhA, and oxyR-ahpC associated with INH resistance than in those that carried mutations. The expression levels of 11 genes (efpA, Rv0849, Rv1250, P55 (Rv1410c), Rv1634, Rv2994, stp, Rv2459, pstB, drrA, and drrB) without drug inducement were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in nine MDR isolates than in 10 pan-sensitive isolates. In conclusion, efflux pumps may play an important role in INH acquired resistance in MDR M. tuberculosis, especially in those strains having no mutations in genes associated with INH resistance; basal expression levels of some efflux pump genes are higher in MDR isolates than in pan-sensitive isolates and the basal expressional differences may be helpful to diagnose and treat resistant tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Li
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory, Shijiazhuang Gynecological and Obstetric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Pathogenic Biology Institute, South of China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jianhao Wei
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-li Zhao
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- Tuberculosis Branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- * E-mail:
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27
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Li G, Zhang J, Guo Q, Wei J, Jiang Y, Zhao X, Zhao LL, Liu Z, Lu J, Wan K. Study of efflux pump gene expression in rifampicin-monoresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:431-5. [PMID: 25690361 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rifampicin (RIF) resistance is a risk factor for poor outcome in tuberculosis (TB). In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, both target gene mutation and efflux pumps have major roles in the resistance to anti-TB drugs. This study aimed to determine whether RIF induces efflux pump activation in RIF-monoresistant M. tuberculosis strains. Here, we took advantage of 16 RIF-monoresistant M. tuberculosis clinical isolates to evaluate the expression of 27 putative drug efflux pump genes and measured the influence of four drug efflux pump inhibitors, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), verapamil (VP), thioridazine (TZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ), on the RIF MICs of these strains. Eight of the 16 RIF-monoresistant isolates carried mutations in rpoB and overexpressed one or two of the following putative efflux pump genes: Rv2333, drrB, drrC, Rv0842, bacA and efpA. CCCP, VP, TZ and CPZ lowered the RIF MICs greater than fourfold in 6, 12, 9 and 12 isolates, respectively. The lowered RIF MICs by VP and CPZ were identical and stronger than CCCP (P-values were all 0.033). In conclusion, the efflux pumps Rv2333, DrrB, DrrC, Rv0842, BacA and EfpA may have a role in RIF resistance in addition to classical mutations in the rpoB gene, and the addition of VP and CPZ could significantly increase RIF susceptibility in RIF-monoresistant M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Li
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China [3] Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China [4] Laboratory, Gynecological and Obstetric Hospital in Shi Jiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Guo
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China [3] Pathogenic Biology Institute, South of China University, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jianhao Wei
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China [3] Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- 1] Tuberculosis branch, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Devi PB, Jogula S, Reddy AP, Saxena S, Sridevi JP, Sriram D, Yogeeswari P. Design of Novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pantothenate Synthetase Inhibitors: Virtual Screening, Synthesis and In Vitro Biological Activities. Mol Inform 2015; 34:147-59. [PMID: 27490037 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pantothenate synthetase (PS) enzyme involved in the pantothenate biosynthetic pathway is essential for the virulence and persistent growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). It is encoded by the panC gene, and has become an appropriate target for developing new therapeutics for tuberculosis. Here we report new inhibitors active against MTB PS developed using energy based pharmacophore modelling of the available proteininhibitor complex (3IVX) and virtual screening of a large commercial library. The e-pharmacophore model consisted of a ring aromatic (R), negative ionizable (N) and acceptor (A) sites. Compounds 5 and 10 emerged as promising hits with IC50 s 2.18 µM and 6.63 µM respectively. Further structural optimization was attempted to optimize lead 10 using medicinal chemistry approach and six compounds were found to exhibit better enzyme inhibition compared to parent compound lead 10 (<6 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthiban Brindha Devi
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Sridhar Jogula
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Asireddy Parameshwar Reddy
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Shalini Saxena
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Jonnalagadda Padma Sridevi
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998
| | - Perumal Yogeeswari
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India phone: +9140-66303515; fax: +9140-66303998.
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29
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Samala G, Nallangi R, Devi PB, Saxena S, Yadav R, Sridevi JP, Yogeeswari P, Sriram D. Identification and development of 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxamides as Mycobacterium tuberculosis pantothenate synthetase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:4223-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Li G, Lian LL, Wan L, Zhang J, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Zhao LL, Liu H, Wan K. Antimicrobial susceptibility of standard strains of nontuberculous mycobacteria by microplate Alamar Blue assay. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84065. [PMID: 24386332 PMCID: PMC3875516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 24 standard nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species strains including 12 slowly growing mycobacteria strains and 12 rapidly growing mycobacteria strains were subjected to drug susceptibility testing using microplate Alamar Blue assay-based 7H9 broth. The most active antimicrobial agents against the 24 NTM strains were streptomycin, amikacin, the fluoroquinolones, and the tetracyclines. Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium bolletii, and Mycobacterium simiae are resistant to most antimicrobial agents. The susceptibility results of this study from 24 NTM standard strains can be referenced by clinicians before susceptibility testing for clinical isolates is performed or when conditions do not allow for susceptibility testing. The application of broth-based methods is recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, and the documentation of the susceptibility patterns of standard strains of mycobacteria can improve the international standardization of susceptibility testing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu-lu Lian
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Pathogenic Biology Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Li Wan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-li Zhao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haican Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Pathogenic Biology Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Lab of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Peñuelas-Urquides K, Villarreal-Treviño L, Silva-Ramírez B, Rivadeneyra-Espinoza L, Said-Fernández S, de León MB. Measuring of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. A correlation of the optical measurements with colony forming units. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:287-9. [PMID: 24159318 PMCID: PMC3804212 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantification of colony forming units (cfu), turbidity, and optical density at 600 nm (OD600) measurements were used to evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. Turbidity and OD600 measurements displayed similar growth curves, while cfu quantification showed a continuous growth curve. We determined the cfu equivalents to McFarland and OD600 units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Peñuelas-Urquides
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, NL, México. ; Posgrado en Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, México
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32
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Diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of WHO-endorsed phenotypic drug susceptibility testing methods for first-line and second-line antituberculosis drugs. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 51:393-401. [PMID: 23152548 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02724-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to update and clarify policies on tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing (DST), the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned a systematic review evaluating WHO-endorsed diagnostic tests. We report the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of phenotypic DST for first-line and second-line antituberculosis drugs. This review provides support for recommended critical concentrations for isoniazid and rifampin in commercial broth-based systems. Further studies are needed to evaluate critical concentrations for ethambutol and streptomycin that accurately detect susceptibility to these drugs. Evidence is limited on the performance of DST for pyrazinamide and second-line drugs.
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A rapid, high-throughput viability assay for Blastocystis spp. reveals metronidazole resistance and extensive subtype-dependent variations in drug susceptibilities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 55:637-48. [PMID: 21098237 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00900-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Blastocystis is an emerging protistan parasite of controversial pathogenesis. Although metronidazole (Mz) is standard therapy for Blastocystis infections, there have been accumulating reports of treatment failure, suggesting the existence of drug-resistant isolates. Furthermore, very little is known about Blastocystis susceptibility to standard antimicrobials. In the present study, we established resazurin and XTT viability microassays for Blastocystis spp. belonging to subtypes 4 and 7, both of which have been suggested to represent pathogenic zoonotic subtypes. The optimized resazurin assay was used to screen a total of 19 compounds against both subtypes. Interestingly, subtype 7 parasites were resistant to Mz, a 1-position-substituted 5-nitroimidazole (5-NI), while subtype 4 parasites were sensitive. Some cross-resistance was observed to tinidazole, another 1-position 5-NI. Conversely, subtype 4 parasites were resistant to emetine, while subtype 7 parasites were sensitive. Position 2 5-NIs were effective against both subtypes, as were ornidazole, nitazoxanide, furazolidone, mefloquine, quinicrine, quinine, cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and iodoacetamide. Both subtypes were resistant to chloroquine, doxycycline, paromomycin, ampicillin, and pyrimethamine. This is the first study to report extensive variations in drug sensitivities among two clinically important subtypes. Our study highlights the need to reevaluate established treatment regimens for Blastocystis infections and offers clear new treatment options for Mz treatment failures.
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Abstract
Considering the increased concerns with controlling infectious epidemics such as tuberculosis, a global concerted effort (WHO) is now dead-lined to tackle the emergence of extensive drug resistance through identifying a novel line of therapeutics which will on the one hand shorten the course of treatment and on the other is also expected to be effective against the emerging resistant strains. Major problems with the preclinical drug screening against the uniquely slow-growing pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis are either found expensive, time-consuming, or require a highly complex laboratory setup. A rapid and convenient, although relatively inexpensive, method requiring very little consumption of inhibitors within a simple microbiology setup for antimycobacterial screening is thus timely. The spot-culture growth inhibition assay aims to test the biological activity of a number of newly discovered natural products and thousands of novel chemicals synthesized on the basis of basic structural and molecular biology studies. Many different classes of novel chemical entities are now independently prepared around the world by distinguished chemists on the chemical behavior of the group of molecules. To serve the purpose of antimycobacterials screening, we aim to describe a method in this chapter performed in a six-well plate format. This method can also be extended accurately to a 96-well plate format according to the necessity of the project. In addition to evaluating a range of prospective drug candidates, this method would also contribute to elucidate substrates for many putative endogenous pathways through comparing the chemical inhibition with the corresponding genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Evangelopoulos
- Faculty of Science/ Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, London, UK
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35
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Optimization of a rapid viability assay for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by using alamarBlue. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:7870-2. [PMID: 19837835 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01203-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A microtiter alamarBlue assay was adapted and optimized for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Using cell concentrations ranging from 10(4) to 10(8) CFU/ml, a minimum incubation time to indicate viability was obtained after 24 h. Rifampin (rifampicin) was used to demonstrate that this method has applications for high-throughput screening against M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
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