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Hou YL, Yang YC, Lan J, Chang YW, Sun PL. Cutaneous infection caused by Diaporthe miriciae in a diabetic patient successfully treated with terbinafine. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e319-e322. [PMID: 34897825 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J Lan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y-W Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - P-L Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Abstract
Background:In microbial keratitis, infection of the cornea can threaten vision through permanent corneal scarring and even perforation resulting in the loss of the eye. A literature review was conducted by Karsten, Watson and Foster (2012) to determine the spectrum of microbial keratitis. Since this publication, there have been over 2600 articles published investigating the causative pathogens of microbial keratitis.Objective:To determine the current spectrum of possible pathogens implicated in microbial keratitis relative to the 2012 study.Methods:An exhaustive literature review was conducted of all the peer-reviewed articles reporting on microbial pathogens implicated in keratitis. Databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched utilising their entire year limits (1950-2019).Results:Six-hundred and eighty-eight species representing 271 genera from 145 families were implicated in microbial keratitis. Fungal pathogens, though less frequent than bacteria, demonstrated the greatest diversity with 393 species from 169 genera that were found to cause microbial keratitis. There were 254 species of bacteria from 82 genera, 27 species of amoeba from 11 genera, and 14 species of virus from 9 genera, which were also identified as pathogens of microbial keratitis.Conclusion:The spectrum of pathogens implicated in microbial keratitis is extremely diverse. Bacteria were most commonly encountered and in comparison, to the review published in 2012, further 456 pathogens have been identified as causative pathogens of microbial keratitis. Therefore, the current review provides an important update on the potential spectrum of microbes, to assist clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of microbial keratitis.
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Howard JC, Chen K, Werno A, Metcalf S. Soft Tissue Infection with Diaporthe phaseolorum in Heart Transplant Recipient with End-Stage Renal Failure. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1748-1749. [PMID: 31237834 PMCID: PMC6711230 DOI: 10.3201/eid2509.190768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diaporthe phaseolorum is a fungal plant parasite that has rarely been described as causing invasive human disease. We report a case of human soft tissue infection with Diaporthephaseolorum in a heart transplant patient with end-stage renal failure in New Zealand.
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Vichitra K, Gopal L, Govindarao B, Chandrasekaran V, Kindo AJ. Fungal infection in a post-renal transplant patient with Diaporthe. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 37:454-456. [PMID: 32003353 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_19_96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Post-renal transplant fungal infections continue to be a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Universally reported fungi are Candida, especially Candida albicans, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, Trichophyton rubrum and Pityriasis versicolor. Here, we report a case of infection caused by a rare fungus Diaporthe. It is an endophyte reported as plant pathogens and infrequently in humans and mammals. The patient was a renal transplant recipient on immunosuppressant. He had hypothyroidism and diagnosed with permanent pacemaker due to a complete heart block. The patient was treated with itraconazole (200 mg) successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vichitra
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokeshwari Gopal
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balajee Govindarao
- Department of Nephrology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Chandrasekaran
- Department of Nephrology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anupma Jyoti Kindo
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Garcia-Hermoso D, Valenzuela-Lopez N, Rivero-Menendez O, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Guarro J, Cano-Lira JF, Stchigel AM. Diversity of coelomycetous fungi in human infections: A 10-y experience of two European reference centres. Fungal Biol 2019; 123:341-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ozawa K, Mochizuki K, Takagi D, Ishida K, Sunada A, Ohkusu K, Kamei K, Hashimoto A, Tanaka K. Identification and antifungal sensitivity of two new species of Diaporthe isolated. J Infect Chemother 2018; 25:96-103. [PMID: 30424948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Diaporhte species are plant pathogens rarely involved in human diseases, especially eye diseases. We report our findings in two undescribed Diaporhte species. Both were identified by their morphological characteristics and by DNA sequence analyses. In Case 1, an 81-year-old male farmer who had pterygium surgery 7 years earlier developed keratitis and the causal fungus was identified as a new species of Diaporthe, D. oculi. This species can be distinguished from the closely related D. limonicola on Citrus limon (Rutaceae) by the ITS, tef1, and TUB (515/520 = 99.0% in ITS, 315/324 = 97.2% in tef1, and 601/614 = 97.9% in TUB). The isolate from Case 2, a 68-year-old man with a rose thorn injury, was also identified as a new Diaporthe species, D. pseudooculi. Phylogenetically, D. pseudooculi is different from the closely related D. podocarpi-macrophylli by the ITS, tef1, and TUB (525/531 = 98.9% in ITS, 314/333 = 94.3% in tef1, and 436/442 = 98.6% in TUB). We report on the identification, drug sensitivity, and treatment outcomes for these two new species of Diaporthe, D. oculi and D. pseudooculi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Kiyofumi Mochizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sunada
- Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Ohkusu
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Kamei
- Division of Clinical Research, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Hashimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tanaka
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
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Valenzuela-Lopez N, Cano-Lira JF, Stchigel AM, Guarro J. DNA sequencing to clarify the taxonomical conundrum of the clinical coelomycetes. Mycoses 2018; 61:708-717. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez
- Mycology Unit; Medical School and IISPV; University Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
- Microbiology Unit; Medical Technology Department; Faculty of Health Science; University of Antofagasta; Antofagasta Chile
| | - José F. Cano-Lira
- Mycology Unit; Medical School and IISPV; University Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
| | - Alberto M. Stchigel
- Mycology Unit; Medical School and IISPV; University Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
| | - Josep Guarro
- Mycology Unit; Medical School and IISPV; University Rovira i Virgili; Reus Spain
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Zhang Z, Liu F, Zhou X, Liu X, Liu S, Cai L. Culturable mycobiota from Karst caves in China, with descriptions of 20 new species. PERSOONIA 2017; 39:1-31. [PMID: 29503468 PMCID: PMC5832949 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Karst caves are distinctly characterised by darkness, low to moderate temperatures, high humidity, and scarcity of organic matter. During the years of 2014-2015, we explored the mycobiota in two unnamed Karst caves in Guizhou province, China, and obtained 563 fungal strains via the dilution plate method. Preliminary ITS analyses of these strains suggested that they belonged to 246 species in 116 genera, while 23.5 % were not identified to species level. Among these species, 85.8 % (211 species) belonged to Ascomycota; 7.3 % (18 species) belonged to Basidiomycota; 6.9 % (17 species) belonged to Mucoromycotina. The majority of these species have been previously known from other environments, mostly from plants or animals as pathogens, endophytes or via a mycorrhizal association. We also found that 59 % of these species were discovered for the first time from Karst caves, including 20 new species that are described in this paper. The phylogenetic tree based on LSU sequences revealed 20 new species were distributed in six different orders. In addition, ITS or multi-locus sequences were employed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of new taxa with closely related allies. We conclude that Karst caves encompass a high fungal diversity, including a number of previously unknown species. Novel species described include: Amphichorda guana, Auxarthronopsis guizhouensis, Biscogniauxia petrensis, Cladorrhinum globisporum, Collariella quadrum, Gymnoascus exasperatus, Humicola limonisporum, Metapochonia variabilis, Microascus anfractus, Microascus globulosus, Microdochium chrysanthemoides, Paracremonium variiforme, Pectinotrichum chinense, Phaeosphaeria fusispora, Ramophialophora globispora, Ramophialophora petraea, Scopulariopsis crassa, Simplicillium calcicola, Volutella aeria, and Wardomycopsis longicatenata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z.F. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - X. Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - X.Z. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - S.J. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Rakita RM, O'Brien KD, Bourassa L. Diaporthe soft tissue infection in a heart transplant patient. Transpl Infect Dis 2017; 19. [PMID: 28207190 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Diaporthe species are very uncommon. We describe a heart transplant recipient 14 years post transplant who developed a soft tissue fungal infection due to a Diaporthe species that responded well to surgical excision and posaconazole therapy. The Aspergillus galactomannan index was markedly elevated, and returned to normal following treatment. Solid organ transplant patients remain at risk of infection long after transplantation and should be counseled about risk avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Rakita
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kevin D O'Brien
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lori Bourassa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Kredics L, Narendran V, Shobana CS, Vágvölgyi C, Manikandan P. Filamentous fungal infections of the cornea: a global overview of epidemiology and drug sensitivity. Mycoses 2015; 58:243-60. [PMID: 25728367 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fungal keratitis is a serious suppurative, usually ulcerative corneal infection which may result in blindness or reduced vision. Epidemiological studies indicate that the occurrence of fungal keratitis is higher in warm, humid regions with agricultural economy. The most frequent filamentous fungal genera among the causal agents are Fusarium, Aspergillus and Curvularia. A more successful therapy of fungal keratitis relies on precise identification of the pathogen to the species level using molecular tools. As the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA gene cluster (rDNA) is not discriminative enough to reveal a species-level diagnosis for several filamentous fungal species highly relevant in keratitis infections, analysis of other loci is also required for an exact diagnosis. Molecular identifications may also reveal the involvement of fungal species which were not previously reported from corneal infections. The routinely applied chemotherapy of fungal keratitis is based on the topical and systemic administration of polyenes and azole compounds. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the causal agents is of special importance due to the emergence and spread of resistance. Testing the applicability of further available antifungals and screening for new, potential compounds for the therapy of fungal keratitis are of highlighted interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Cheng C, Sun J, Zheng F, Wu K, Rui Y. Molecular identification of clinical "difficult-to-identify" microbes from sequencing 16S ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer 2. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2014; 13:1. [PMID: 24383440 PMCID: PMC3905965 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-13-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical microbiology laboratories have to accurately identify clinical microbes. However, some isolates are difficult to identify by the automated biochemical text platforms, which are called “difficult-to-identify” microbes in this study. Therefore, the ability of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequencing to identify these “difficult-to-identify” bacteria and fungi was assessed in this study. Methods Samples obtained from a teaching hospital over the past three years were examined. The 16S rDNA of four standard strains, 18 clinical common isolates, and 47 “difficult-to-identify” clinical bacteria were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The ITS2 of eight standard strains and 31 “difficult-to-identify” clinical fungi were also amplified by PCR and sequenced. The sequences of 16S rDNA and ITS2 were compared to reference data available in GenBank by using the BLASTN program. These microbes were identified according to the percentage of similarity to reference sequences of strains in GenBank. Results The results from molecular sequencing methods correlated well with automated microbiological identification systems for common clinical isolates. Sequencing results of the standard strains were consistent with their known phenotype. Overall, 47 “difficult-to-identify” clinical bacteria were identified as 35 genera or species by sequence analysis (with 10 of these identified isolates first reported in clinical specimens in China and two first identified in the international literature). 31 “difficult-to-identify” clinical fungi tested could be identified as 15 genera or species by sequence analysis (with two of these first reported in China). Conclusions Our results show the importance of 16S rDNA and internal ITS2 sequencing for the molecular identification of “difficult-to-identify” bacteria and fungi. The development of this method with advantages of convenience, availability, and cost-effectiveness will make it worth extending into clinical practice in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongyu Rui
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Tonghe 510515, China.
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Characterization of Edenia gomezpompae Isolated from a Patient with Keratitis. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:75-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cariello PF, Wickes BL, Sutton DA, Castlebury LA, Levitz SM, Finberg RW, Thompson EH, Daly JS. Phomopsis bougainvilleicola prepatellar bursitis in a renal transplant recipient. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51:692-5. [PMID: 23196359 PMCID: PMC3553907 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02674-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prepatellar bursitis is typically a monomicrobial bacterial infection. A fungal cause is rarely identified. We describe a 61-year-old man who had received a renal transplant 21 months prior to presentation whose synovial fluid and surgical specimens grew Phomopsis bougainvilleicola, a pycnidial coelomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma F Cariello
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
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Quillet-Dye C, Meniane JC, Quist D, Desbois N. Mycoses cutanées à Cunninghamella bertholletiae, Phomopsis sp. et Paraconiothyrium sp. chez un patient immunodéprimé : à propos d’un cas martiniquais. J Mycol Med 2012; 22:357-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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