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Lazennec G, Rajarathnam K, Richmond A. CXCR2 chemokine receptor - a master regulator in cancer and physiology. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:37-55. [PMID: 37872025 PMCID: PMC10841707 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings have modified our understanding of the roles of chemokine receptor CXCR2 and its ligands in cancer, inflammation, and immunity. Studies in Cxcr2 tissue-specific knockout mice show that this receptor is involved in, among other things, cancer, central nervous system (CNS) function, metabolism, reproduction, COVID-19, and the response to circadian cycles. Moreover, CXCR2 involvement in neutrophil function has been revisited not only in physiology but also for its major contribution to cancers. The recent unfolding of the role of CXCR2 in numerous cancers has led to extensive evaluation of multiple CXCR2 antagonists in preclinical and clinical studies. In this review we discuss the potential of targeting CXCR2 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendal Lazennec
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sys2Diag-ALCEDIAG, Cap Delta, Montpellier, France; CNRS Groupement de Recherche (GDR) 3697 'Microenvironment of Tumor Niches', Micronit, France.
| | - Krishna Rajarathnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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2
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Luo X. CXCR2 antagonism attenuates neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107266. [PMID: 37481938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overactivation of neuroinflammation can worsen the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. CXCR2 is a widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor that participates in the regulation of inflammation, indicating a potential role of CXCR2 in SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, we examined the expression pattern of CXCR2 in the ipsilateral brain tissue of SAH mice. Then, we evaluated the effects of CXCR2 antagonist on neuroinflammation and neurological function after SAH. RESULTS Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that CXCR2 expression was upregulated following SAH. Our results demonstrated that treatment with SB225002 inhibited inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1) production in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following SAH. Our further findings confirmed that treatment with SB225002 ameliorated astrocytosis and microgliosis after SAH. Interestingly, SB225002 significantly improved neurological impairment after SAH. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that pharmacologically targeting CXCR2 may be an effective disease-modifying treatment for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10, Qingyun South Street, Chengdu 610021, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Cheng Y, Javonillo DI, Pachow C, Scarfone VM, Fernandez K, Walsh CM, Green KN, Lane TE. Ablation of microglia following infection of the central nervous system with a neurotropic murine coronavirus infection leads to increased demyelination and impaired remyelination. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578133. [PMID: 37352687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial inoculation of susceptible mice with a glial-tropic strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV), a murine coronavirus, results in an acute encephalomyelitis followed by viral persistence in white matter tracts accompanied by chronic neuroinflammation and demyelination. Microglia are the resident immune cell of the central nervous system (CNS) and are considered important in regulating events associated with neuroinflammation as well as influencing both white matter damage and remyelination. To better understand mechanisms by which microglia contribute to these immune-mediated events, JHMV-infected mice with established demyelination were treated with the small molecular inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), PLX5622, to deplete microglia. Treatment with PLX5622 did not affect viral replication within the CNS yet the severity of demyelination was increased and remyelination impaired compared to control mice. Gene expression analysis revealed that targeting microglia resulted in altered expression of genes associated with immune cell activation and phagocytosis of myelin debris. These findings indicate that microglia are not critical in viral surveillance in persistently JHMV-infected mice yet restrict white matter damage and remyelination, in part, by influencing phagocytosis of myelin debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Dominic Ibarra Javonillo
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Collin Pachow
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Vanessa M Scarfone
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Kellie Fernandez
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Craig M Walsh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Thomas E Lane
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA.
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4
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Salami A, Bettadapura S, Wang S. Gasdermin D kills bacteria. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127383. [PMID: 37062105 PMCID: PMC10192060 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of pathogen- or damage- associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs) signals a series of coordinated responses as part of innate immunity or host cell defense during infection. The inflammasome is an assemblage of multiprotein complexes in the cytosol that activate inflammatory caspases and release pro-inflammatory mediators. This review examines the two-edged sword activity of gasdermin D (GSDMD). Since its discovery in 2015, GSDMD has played a crucial role in the programmed necrotic type of cell death called pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is an important response in host self-protection against danger signals and infection. Although excessive pyroptosis has a deleterious effect on the host, it proves to have a game-changing therapeutic application against pathogenic invasion when controlled. Here, we explore the mechanism utilized by GSDMD, the best studied member of the gasdermin protein family, in host immune defense against many bacteria. While the protein contributes to the clearance of some bacteria, we also discussed results from previous studies and research, that its presence might hinder effective immunity against other pathogens, thus aiding pathogenic invasion and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abosede Salami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Sahana Bettadapura
- Biology Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, United States
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, United States.
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5
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Ju C, Yuan F, Wang L, Zang C, Ning J, Shang M, Ma J, Li G, Yang Y, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Li F, Bao X, Zhang D. Inhibition of CXCR2 enhances CNS remyelination via modulating PDE10A/cAMP signaling pathway. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 177:105988. [PMID: 36603746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) plays an important role in demyelinating diseases, but the detailed mechanisms were not yet clarified. In the present study, we mainly investigated the critical function and the potential molecular mechanisms of CXCR2 on oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and remyelination. The present study demonstrated that inhibiting CXCR2 significantly enhanced OPC differentiation and remyelination in primary cultured OPCs and ethidium bromide (EB)-intoxicated rats by facilitating the formation of myelin proteins, including PDGFRα, MBP, MAG, MOG, and Caspr. Further investigation identified phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) as a main downstream protein of CXCR2, interacting with the receptor to regulate OPC differentiation, in that inhibition of CXCR2 reduced PDE10A expression while suppression of PDE10A did not affect CXCR2. Furthermore, inhibition of PDE10A promoted OPC differentiation, whereas overexpression of PDE10A down-regulated OPC differentiation. Our data also revealed that inhibition of CXCR2/PDE10A activated the cAMP/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and up-regulated the expression of key transcription factors, including SOX10, OLIG2, MYRF, and ZFP24, that ultimately promoted remyelination and myelin protein biosynthesis. In conclusion, our findings suggested that inhibition of CXCR2 promoted OPC differentiation and enhanced remyelination by regulating PDE10A/cAMP/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. The present data also highlighted that CXCR2 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of demyelination diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fangyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Caixia Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingwen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meiyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Gen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiuzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yueqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiuqi Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
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6
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Liu Y, Yue W, Yu S, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Zhu R, Song B, Guo T, Liu F, Huang Y, Wu T, Wang H. A physical perspective to understand myelin II: The physical origin of myelin development. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:951998. [PMID: 36263368 PMCID: PMC9574017 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.951998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical principle of myelin development is obtained from our previous study by explaining Peter’s quadrant mystery: an externally applied negative and positive E-field can promote and inhibit the growth of the inner tongue of the myelin sheath, respectively. In this study, this principle is considered as a fundamental hypothesis, named Hypothesis-E, to explain more phenomena about myelin development systematically. Specifically, the g-ratio and the fate of the Schwann cell’s differentiation are explained in terms of the E-field. Moreover, an experiment is proposed to validate this theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenji Yue
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shoujun Yu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yapeng Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Song
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianruo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Health Bioinformatics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fenglin Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianzhun Wu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tianzhun Wu,
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Hao Wang,
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7
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Skinner DD, Syage AR, Olivarria GM, Stone C, Hoglin B, Lane TE. Sustained Infiltration of Neutrophils Into the CNS Results in Increased Demyelination in a Viral-Induced Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931388. [PMID: 36248905 PMCID: PMC9562915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial inoculation of the neuroadapted JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) into susceptible strains of mice results in acute encephalomyelitis followed by a cimmune-mediated demyelination similar to the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). JHMV infection of transgenic mice in which expression of the neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine CXCL1 is under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter active within GFAP-positive cells results in sustained neutrophil infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) that correlates with an increase in spinal cord demyelination. We used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and flow cytometry to characterize molecular and cellular changes within the CNS associated with increased demyelination in transgenic mice compared to control animals. These approaches revealed the presence of activated neutrophils as determined by expression of mRNA transcripts associated with neutrophil effector functions, including CD63, MMP9, S100a8, S100a9, and ASPRV1, as well as altered neutrophil morphology and protein expression. Collectively, these findings reveal insight into changes in the profile of neutrophils associated with increased white matter damage in mice persistently infected with a neurotropic coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic D. Skinner
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amber R. Syage
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Gema M. Olivarria
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Colleen Stone
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Bailey Hoglin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Thomas E. Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Thomas E. Lane,
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Zheng T, Wu L, Sun S, Xu J, Han Q, Liu Y, Wu R, Li G. Co-culture of Schwann cells and endothelial cells for synergistically regulating dorsal root ganglion behavior on chitosan-based anisotropic topology for peripheral nerve regeneration. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac030. [PMID: 36071954 PMCID: PMC9444262 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Anisotropic topologies are known to regulate cell-oriented growth and induce cell differentiation, which is conducive to accelerating nerve regeneration, while co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) and Schwann cells (SCs) can significantly promote the axon growth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG). However, the synergistic regulation of EC and SC co-culture of DRG behavior on anisotropic topologies is still rarely reported. The study aims to investigate the effect of anisotropic topology co-cultured with Schwann cells and endothelial cells on dorsal root ganglion behavior for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. Methods Chitosan/artemisia sphaerocephala (CS/AS) scaffolds with anisotropic topology were first prepared using micro-molding technology, and then the surface was modified with dopamine to facilitate cell adhesion and growth. The physical and chemical properties of the scaffolds were characterized through morphology, wettability, surface roughness and component variation. SCs and ECs were co-cultured with DRG cells on anisotropic topology scaffolds to evaluate the axon growth behavior. Results Dopamine-modified topological CS/AS scaffolds had good hydrophilicity and provided an appropriate environment for cell growth. Cellular immunofluorescence showed that in contrast to DRG growth alone, co-culture of SCs and ECs could not only promote the growth of DRG axons, but also offered a stronger guidance for orientation growth of neurons, which could effectively prevent axons from tangling and knotting, and thus may significantly inhibit neurofibroma formation. Moreover, the co-culture of SCs and ECs could promote the release of nerve growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor, and up-regulate genes relevant to cell proliferation, myelination and skeletal development via the PI3K-Akt, MAPK and cytokine and receptor chemokine pathways. Conclusions The co-culture of SCs and ECs significantly improved the growth behavior of DRG on anisotropic topological scaffolds, which may provide an important basis for the development of nerve grafts in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zheng
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Linliang Wu
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Shaolan Sun
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Qi Han
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University. 226001 , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Wu
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
| | - Guicai Li
- Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- Nantong University. 226001 , Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Lab for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, , Nantong , P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Nantong University. 226001 , Nantong , P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University , 530021, Nanning , P.R.China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
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9
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Psenicka MW, Smith BC, Tinkey RA, Williams JL. Connecting Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis: Are Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells a Nexus of Disease? Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:654284. [PMID: 34234647 PMCID: PMC8255483 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.654284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathology in neurodegenerative diseases is often accompanied by inflammation. It is well-known that many cells within the central nervous system (CNS) also contribute to ongoing neuroinflammation, which can promote neurodegeneration. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is both an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease in which there is a complex interplay between resident CNS cells to mediate myelin and axonal damage, and this communication network can vary depending on the subtype and chronicity of disease. Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cell of the CNS, and their precursors, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), are often thought of as the targets of autoimmune pathology during MS and in several animal models of MS; however, there is emerging evidence that OPCs actively contribute to inflammation that directly and indirectly contributes to neurodegeneration. Here we discuss several contributors to MS disease progression starting with lesion pathology and murine models amenable to studying particular aspects of disease. We then review how OPCs themselves can play an active role in promoting neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and how other resident CNS cells including microglia, astrocytes, and neurons can impact OPC function. Further, we outline the very complex and pleiotropic role(s) of several inflammatory cytokines and other secreted factors classically described as solely deleterious during MS and its animal models, but in fact, have many neuroprotective functions and promote a return to homeostasis, in part via modulation of OPC function. Finally, since MS affects patients from the onset of disease throughout their lifespan, we discuss the impact of aging on OPC function and CNS recovery. It is becoming clear that OPCs are not simply a bystander during MS progression and uncovering the active roles they play during different stages of disease will help uncover potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan W. Psenicka
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Brandon C. Smith
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rachel A. Tinkey
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Jessica L. Williams
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
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10
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Johansson D, Rauld C, Roux J, Regairaz C, Galli E, Callegari I, Raad L, Waldt A, Cuttat R, Roma G, Diebold M, Becher B, Kuhle J, Derfuss T, Carballido JM, Sanderson NSR. Mass Cytometry of CSF Identifies an MS-Associated B-cell Population. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/2/e943. [PMID: 33589541 PMCID: PMC8057060 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To identify an MS-specific immune cell population by deep immune phenotyping and relate it to soluble signaling molecules in CSF. Methods We analyzed surface expression of 22 markers in paired blood/CSF samples from 39 patients using mass cytometry (cytometry by time of flight). We also measured the concentrations of 296 signaling molecules in CSF using proximity extension assay. Results were analyzed using highly automated unsupervised algorithmic informatics. Results Mass cytometry objectively identified a B-cell population characterized by the expression of CD49d, CD69, CD27, CXCR3, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR as clearly associated with MS. Concentrations of the B cell–related factors, notably FCRL2, were increased in MS CSF, especially in early stages of the disease. The B-cell trophic factor B cell activating factor (BAFF) was decreased in MS. Proteins involved in neural plasticity were also reduced in MS. Conclusion When analyzed without a priori assumptions, both the soluble and the cellular compartments of the CSF in MS were characterized by markers related to B cells, and the strongest candidate for an MS-specific cell type has a B-cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Johansson
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Céline Rauld
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julien Roux
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Camille Regairaz
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Galli
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Callegari
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Layla Raad
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annick Waldt
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Cuttat
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Diebold
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - José M Carballido
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas S R Sanderson
- From the Department of Biomedicine (D.J., J.R., E.G., I.C., M.D., J.K., T.D., N.S.R.S.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (C. Rauld, C. Regairaz, L.R., A.W., R.C., G.R., J.M.C.); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (J.R.), Basel; Institute of Experimental Immunology (E.G., B.B.), University of Zurich; and Department of Medicine (E.G., M.D., J.K., T.D.), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
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McIntyre LL, Greilach SA, Othy S, Sears-Kraxberger I, Wi B, Ayala-Angulo J, Vu E, Pham Q, Silva J, Dang K, Rezk F, Steward O, Cahalan MD, Lane TE, Walsh CM. Regulatory T cells promote remyelination in the murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis following human neural stem cell transplant. Neurobiol Dis 2020. [PMID: 32276110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) for which there is no cure. In MS, encephalitogenic T cells infiltrate the CNS causing demyelination and neuroinflammation; however, little is known about the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in CNS tissue repair. Transplantation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSCs and NPCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy to promote repair through cell replacement, although recent findings suggest transplanted NSCs also instruct endogenous repair mechanisms. We have recently described that dampened neuroinflammation and increased remyelination is correlated with emergence of Tregs following human NPC transplantation in a murine viral model of immune-mediated demyelination. In the current study we utilized the prototypic murine autoimmune model of demyelination experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to test the efficacy of hNSC transplantation. Eight-week-old, male EAE mice receiving an intraspinal transplant of hNSCs during the chronic phase of disease displayed remyelination, dampened neuroinflammation, and an increase in CNS CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Importantly, ablation of Tregs abrogated histopathological improvement. Tregs are essential for maintenance of T cell homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity, and an emerging role for Tregs in maintenance of tissue homeostasis through interactions with stem and progenitor cells has recently been suggested. The data presented here provide direct evidence for collaboration between CNS Tregs and hNSCs promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L McIntyre
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
| | - Scott A Greilach
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Ilse Sears-Kraxberger
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Brian Wi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Julio Ayala-Angulo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Estelle Vu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Quan Pham
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Jorge Silva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Kody Dang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Fady Rezk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Thomas E Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Craig M Walsh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
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12
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Regulatory T cells promote remyelination in the murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis following human neural stem cell transplant. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 140:104868. [PMID: 32276110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) for which there is no cure. In MS, encephalitogenic T cells infiltrate the CNS causing demyelination and neuroinflammation; however, little is known about the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in CNS tissue repair. Transplantation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSCs and NPCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy to promote repair through cell replacement, although recent findings suggest transplanted NSCs also instruct endogenous repair mechanisms. We have recently described that dampened neuroinflammation and increased remyelination is correlated with emergence of Tregs following human NPC transplantation in a murine viral model of immune-mediated demyelination. In the current study we utilized the prototypic murine autoimmune model of demyelination experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to test the efficacy of hNSC transplantation. Eight-week-old, male EAE mice receiving an intraspinal transplant of hNSCs during the chronic phase of disease displayed remyelination, dampened neuroinflammation, and an increase in CNS CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Importantly, ablation of Tregs abrogated histopathological improvement. Tregs are essential for maintenance of T cell homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity, and an emerging role for Tregs in maintenance of tissue homeostasis through interactions with stem and progenitor cells has recently been suggested. The data presented here provide direct evidence for collaboration between CNS Tregs and hNSCs promoting remyelination.
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13
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Skinner DD, Lane TE. CXCR2 Signaling and Remyelination in Preclinical Models of Demyelination. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:3-7. [PMID: 31851535 PMCID: PMC6978782 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR2 is a receptor for CXC chemokines, including CXCL1 and CXCL2. CXCR2 is expressed by resident cells of the central nervous system, including neurons, microglia, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and oligodendrocytes. CXCR2 signaling is important in regulating OPC biology with regard to positional migration and myelination during development. More recently, studies have argued that CXCR2 is involved in controlling events related to remyelination after experimentally induced demyelination. This review examines the concept that targeting CXCR2 may offer a novel therapeutic target for promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic D. Skinner
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas E. Lane
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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