1
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Coulis G, Jaime D, Guerrero-Juarez C, Kastenschmidt JM, Farahat PK, Nguyen Q, Pervolarakis N, McLinden K, Thurlow L, Movahedi S, Hughes BS, Duarte J, Sorn A, Montoya E, Mozaffar I, Dragan M, Othy S, Joshi T, Hans CP, Kimonis V, MacLean AL, Nie Q, Wallace LM, Harper SQ, Mozaffar T, Hogarth MW, Bhattacharya S, Jaiswal JK, Golann DR, Su Q, Kessenbrock K, Stec M, Spencer MJ, Zamudio JR, Villalta SA. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics identify a macrophage population associated with skeletal muscle fibrosis. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd9984. [PMID: 37418531 PMCID: PMC10328414 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add9984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis, but how their dysregulation contributes to the development of fibrosis in muscle disease remains unclear. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the molecular attributes of dystrophic and healthy muscle macrophages. We identified six clusters and unexpectedly found that none corresponded to traditional definitions of M1 or M2 macrophages. Rather, the predominant macrophage signature in dystrophic muscle was characterized by high expression of fibrotic factors, galectin-3 (gal-3) and osteopontin (Spp1). Spatial transcriptomics, computational inferences of intercellular communication, and in vitro assays indicated that macrophage-derived Spp1 regulates stromal progenitor differentiation. Gal-3+ macrophages were chronically activated in dystrophic muscle, and adoptive transfer assays showed that the gal-3+ phenotype was the dominant molecular program induced within the dystrophic milieu. Gal-3+ macrophages were also elevated in multiple human myopathies. These studies advance our understanding of macrophages in muscular dystrophy by defining their transcriptional programs and reveal Spp1 as a major regulator of macrophage and stromal progenitor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Diego Jaime
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Jenna M. Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Philip K. Farahat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Quy Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | | | - Katherine McLinden
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Thurlow
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saba Movahedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Brandon S. Hughes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Sorn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Montoya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Izza Mozaffar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Dragan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Wallace
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott Q. Harper
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marshall W. Hogarth
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Surajit Bhattacharya
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Qi Su
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Melissa J. Spencer
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesse R. Zamudio
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S. Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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2
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Geels SN, Moshensky A, Sousa RS, Walker BL, Singh R, Gutierrez G, Hwang M, Mempel TR, Nie Q, Othy S, Marangoni F. Interruption of the Intratumor CD8:Treg Crosstalk Improves the Efficacy of PD-1 Immunotherapy. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.15.540889. [PMID: 37292782 PMCID: PMC10245792 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.15.540889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PD-1 blockade unleashes the potent antitumor activity of CD8 cells but can also promote immunosuppressive T regulatory (Treg) cells, which may worsen response to immunotherapy. Tumor Treg inhibition is a promising strategy to overcome therapeutic resistance; however, the mechanisms supporting tumor Tregs during PD-1 immunotherapy are largely unexplored. Here, we report that PD-1 blockade increases tumor Tregs in mouse models of immunogenic tumors, including melanoma, and metastatic melanoma patients. Unexpectedly, Treg accumulation was not caused by Treg-intrinsic inhibition of PD-1 signaling but instead depended on an indirect effect of activated CD8 cells. CD8 cells colocalized with Tregs within tumors and produced IL-2, especially after PD-1 immunotherapy. IL-2 upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein ICOS on tumor Tregs, causing their accumulation. ICOS signaling inhibition before PD-1 immunotherapy resulted in increased control of immunogenic melanoma. Thus, interrupting the intratumor CD8:Treg crosstalk is a novel strategy that may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients.
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3
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Coulis G, Jaime D, Guerrero-Juarez C, Kastenschmidt JM, Farahat PK, Nguyen Q, Pervolarakis N, McLinden K, Thurlow L, Movahedi S, Duarte J, Sorn A, Montoya E, Mozaffar I, Dragan M, Othy S, Joshi T, Hans CP, Kimonis V, MacLean AL, Nie Q, Wallace LM, Harper SQ, Mozaffar T, Hogarth MW, Bhattacharya S, Jaiswal JK, Golann DR, Su Q, Kessenbrock K, Stec M, Spencer MJ, Zamudio JR, Villalta SA. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics identify a macrophage population associated with skeletal muscle fibrosis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.18.537253. [PMID: 37131694 PMCID: PMC10153153 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.537253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The monocytic/macrophage system is essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis, but its dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of muscle degenerative disorders. Despite our increasing knowledge of the role of macrophages in degenerative disease, it still remains unclear how macrophages contribute to muscle fibrosis. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the molecular attributes of dystrophic and healthy muscle macrophages. We identified six novel clusters. Unexpectedly, none corresponded to traditional definitions of M1 or M2 macrophage activation. Rather, the predominant macrophage signature in dystrophic muscle was characterized by high expression of fibrotic factors, galectin-3 and spp1. Spatial transcriptomics and computational inferences of intercellular communication indicated that spp1 regulates stromal progenitor and macrophage interactions during muscular dystrophy. Galectin-3 + macrophages were chronically activated in dystrophic muscle and adoptive transfer assays showed that the galectin-3 + phenotype was the dominant molecular program induced within the dystrophic milieu. Histological examination of human muscle biopsies revealed that galectin-3 + macrophages were also elevated in multiple myopathies. These studies advance our understanding of macrophages in muscular dystrophy by defining the transcriptional programs induced in muscle macrophages, and reveal spp1 as a major regulator of macrophage and stromal progenitor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Diego Jaime
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Christian Guerrero-Juarez
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Jenna M. Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Philip K. Farahat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Quy Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, USA
| | | | - Katherine McLinden
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lauren Thurlow
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Saba Movahedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Jorge Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Andrew Sorn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Elizabeth Montoya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Izza Mozaffar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Morgan Dragan
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Wallace
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
| | - Scott Q. Harper
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Marshall W. Hogarth
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Surajit Bhattacharya
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Qi Su
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Jesse R. Zamudio
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - S. Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, USA
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4
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Bolton JL, Short AK, Othy S, Kooiker CL, Shao M, Gunn BG, Beck J, Bai X, Law SM, Savage JC, Lambert JJ, Belelli D, Tremblay MÈ, Cahalan MD, Baram TZ. Early stress-induced impaired microglial pruning of excitatory synapses on immature CRH-expressing neurons provokes aberrant adult stress responses. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110600. [PMID: 35354026 PMCID: PMC9014810 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mental illnesses, characterized by aberrant stress reactivity, often arise after early-life adversity (ELA). However, it is unclear how ELA affects stress-related brain circuit maturation, provoking these enduring vulnerabilities. We find that ELA increases functional excitatory synapses onto stress-sensitive hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-expressing neurons, resulting from disrupted developmental synapse pruning by adjacent microglia. Microglial process dynamics and synaptic element engulfment were attenuated in ELA mice, associated with deficient signaling of the microglial phagocytic receptor MerTK. Accordingly, selective chronic chemogenetic activation of ELA microglia increased microglial process dynamics and reduced excitatory synapse density to control levels. Notably, selective early-life activation of ELA microglia normalized adult acute and chronic stress responses, including stress-induced hormone secretion and behavioral threat responses, as well as chronic adrenal hypertrophy of ELA mice. Thus, microglial actions during development are powerful contributors to mechanisms by which ELA sculpts the connectivity of stress-regulating neurons, promoting vulnerability to stress and stress-related mental illnesses. Early-life adversity (ELA) promotes lifelong aberrant stress responses and vulnerability to mental illnesses. Bolton et al. identify poor dynamics and hypothalamic CRH neurons’ excitatory synapse pruning of ELA microglia, implicating microglial MerTK. Chronic chemogenetic activation of ELA microglia normalized process dynamics, synapse density, and adult hormonal and behavioral stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Bolton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Annabel K Short
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra L Kooiker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Manlin Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin G Gunn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Dundee University, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Jaclyn Beck
- Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xinglong Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie M Law
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Julie C Savage
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jeremy J Lambert
- Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Dundee University, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Delia Belelli
- Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Dundee University, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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5
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Jairaman A, McQuade A, Granzotto A, Kang YJ, Chadarevian JP, Gandhi S, Parker I, Smith I, Cho H, Sensi SL, Othy S, Blurton-Jones M, Cahalan MD. TREM2 regulates purinergic receptor-mediated calcium signaling and motility in human iPSC-derived microglia. eLife 2022; 11:e73021. [PMID: 35191835 PMCID: PMC8906810 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane protein TREM2 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2) regulates key microglial functions including phagocytosis and chemotaxis. Loss-of-function variants of TREM2 are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling have been observed in several AD models, we investigated TREM2 regulation of Ca2+ signaling in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia (iPSC-microglia) with genetic deletion of TREM2. We found that iPSC-microglia lacking TREM2 (TREM2 KO) show exaggerated Ca2+ signals in response to purinergic agonists, such as ADP, that shape microglial injury responses. This ADP hypersensitivity, driven by increased expression of P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptors, results in greater release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum stores, which triggers sustained Ca2+ influx through Orai channels and alters cell motility in TREM2 KO microglia. Using iPSC-microglia expressing the genetically encoded Ca2+ probe, Salsa6f, we found that cytosolic Ca2+ tunes motility to a greater extent in TREM2 KO microglia. Despite showing greater overall displacement, TREM2 KO microglia exhibit reduced directional chemotaxis along ADP gradients. Accordingly, the chemotactic defect in TREM2 KO microglia was rescued by reducing cytosolic Ca2+ using a P2Y12 receptor antagonist. Our results show that loss of TREM2 confers a defect in microglial Ca2+ response to purinergic signals, suggesting a window of Ca2+ signaling for optimal microglial motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Amanda McQuade
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Alberto Granzotto
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Advanced Sciences and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly
| | - You Jung Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North CarolinaCharlotteUnited States
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Sunil Gandhi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ian Smith
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Hansang Cho
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Dept of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan UniversityGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Center for Advanced Sciences and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
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6
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Marangoni F, Zhakyp A, Corsini M, Geels SN, Carrizosa E, Thelen M, Mani V, Prüßmann JN, Warner RD, Ozga AJ, Di Pilato M, Othy S, Mempel TR. Expansion of tumor-associated Treg cells upon disruption of a CTLA-4-dependent feedback loop. Cell 2021; 184:3998-4015.e19. [PMID: 34157302 PMCID: PMC8664158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells promote immunological tumor tolerance, but how their immune-suppressive function is regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unknown. Here, we used intravital microscopy to characterize the cellular interactions that provide tumor-infiltrating Treg cells with critical activation signals. We found that the polyclonal Treg cell repertoire is pre-enriched to recognize antigens presented by tumor-associated conventional dendritic cells (cDCs). Unstable cDC contacts sufficed to sustain Treg cell function, whereas T helper cells were activated during stable interactions. Contact instability resulted from CTLA-4-dependent downregulation of co-stimulatory B7-family proteins on cDCs, mediated by Treg cells themselves. CTLA-4-blockade triggered CD28-dependent Treg cell hyper-proliferation in the TME, and concomitant Treg cell inactivation was required to achieve tumor rejection. Therefore, Treg cells self-regulate through a CTLA-4- and CD28-dependent feedback loop that adjusts their population size to the amount of local co-stimulation. Its disruption through CTLA-4-blockade may off-set therapeutic benefits in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Marangoni
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Ademi Zhakyp
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michela Corsini
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shannon N Geels
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Esteban Carrizosa
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Martin Thelen
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vinidhra Mani
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jasper N Prüßmann
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ross D Warner
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Aleksandra J Ozga
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mauro Di Pilato
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases (CIID), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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7
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Jairaman A, Othy S, Dynes JL, Yeromin AV, Zavala A, Greenberg ML, Nourse JL, Holt JR, Cahalan SM, Marangoni F, Parker I, Pathak MM, Cahalan MD. Piezo1 channels restrain regulatory T cells but are dispensable for effector CD4 + T cell responses. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/28/eabg5859. [PMID: 34233878 PMCID: PMC8262815 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocytes encounter complex mechanical cues during an immune response. The mechanosensitive ion channel, Piezo1, drives inflammatory responses to bacterial infections, wound healing, and cancer; however, its role in helper T cell function remains unclear. In an animal model for multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we found that mice with genetic deletion of Piezo1 in T cells showed diminished disease severity. Unexpectedly, Piezo1 was not essential for lymph node homing, interstitial motility, Ca2+ signaling, T cell proliferation, or differentiation into proinflammatory T helper 1 (TH1) and TH17 subsets. However, Piezo1 deletion in T cells resulted in enhanced transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling and an expanded pool of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Moreover, mice with deletion of Piezo1 specifically in Treg cells showed significant attenuation of EAE. Our results indicate that Piezo1 selectively restrains Treg cells, without influencing activation events or effector T cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Joseph L Dynes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Andriy V Yeromin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Angel Zavala
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Milton L Greenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jesse R Holt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Stuart M Cahalan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 3215 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Francesco Marangoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Medha M Pathak
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Systems Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561, USA.
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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8
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Atcha H, Jairaman A, Holt JR, Meli VS, Nagalla RR, Veerasubramanian PK, Brumm KT, Lim HE, Othy S, Cahalan MD, Pathak MM, Liu WF. Mechanically activated ion channel Piezo1 modulates macrophage polarization and stiffness sensing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3256. [PMID: 34059671 PMCID: PMC8167181 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages perform diverse functions within tissues during immune responses to pathogens and injury, but molecular mechanisms by which physical properties of the tissue regulate macrophage behavior are less well understood. Here, we examine the role of the mechanically activated cation channel Piezo1 in macrophage polarization and sensing of microenvironmental stiffness. We show that macrophages lacking Piezo1 exhibit reduced inflammation and enhanced wound healing responses. Additionally, macrophages expressing the transgenic Ca2+ reporter, Salsa6f, reveal that Ca2+ influx is dependent on Piezo1, modulated by soluble signals, and enhanced on stiff substrates. Furthermore, stiffness-dependent changes in macrophage function, both in vitro and in response to subcutaneous implantation of biomaterials in vivo, require Piezo1. Finally, we show that positive feedback between Piezo1 and actin drives macrophage activation. Together, our studies reveal that Piezo1 is a mechanosensor of stiffness in macrophages, and that its activity modulates polarization responses. Macrophages perform diverse functions during immune responses, but the molecular mechanisms by which physical properties of the tissue regulate macrophage behavior remain unknown. Here the authors find that Piezo1 is a mechanosensor of stiffness, and that its activity modulates macrophage polarization responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Atcha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Jesse R Holt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Vijaykumar S Meli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Raji R Nagalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Praveen Krishna Veerasubramanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Kyle T Brumm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Huy E Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Medha M Pathak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Wendy F Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA. .,The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.
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9
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Wakida NM, Gomez-Godinez V, Li H, Nguyen J, Kim EK, Dynes JL, Othy S, Lau AL, Ding P, Shi L, Carmona C, Thompson LM, Cahalan MD, Berns MW. Calcium Dynamics in Astrocytes During Cell Injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:912. [PMID: 32984268 PMCID: PMC7481337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) following laser-induced cell injury in nearby cells were studied in primary mouse astrocytes selectively expressing the Ca2+ sensitive GFAP-Cre Salsa6f fluorescent tandem protein, in an Ast1 astrocyte cell line, and in primary mouse astrocytes loaded with Fluo4. Astrocytes in these three systems exhibit distinct changes in [Ca2+] following induced death of nearby cells. Changes in [Ca2+] appear to result from release of Ca2+ from intracellular organelles, as opposed to influx from the external medium. Salsa6f expressing astrocytes displayed dynamic Ca2+ changes throughout the phagocytic response, including lamellae protrusion, cytosolic signaling during vesicle formation, vesicle maturation, and vesicle tract formation. Our results demonstrate local changes in [Ca2+] are involved in the process of phagocytosis in astrocytes responding to cell corpses and/or debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Wakida
- Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Veronica Gomez-Godinez
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Huayan Li
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Nguyen
- Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Edward K Kim
- Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Joseph L Dynes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Alice L Lau
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Peng Ding
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Linda Shi
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Christopher Carmona
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Michael W Berns
- Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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10
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McIntyre LL, Greilach SA, Othy S, Sears-Kraxberger I, Wi B, Ayala-Angulo J, Vu E, Pham Q, Silva J, Dang K, Rezk F, Steward O, Cahalan MD, Lane TE, Walsh CM. Regulatory T cells promote remyelination in the murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis following human neural stem cell transplant. Neurobiol Dis 2020. [PMID: 32276110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) for which there is no cure. In MS, encephalitogenic T cells infiltrate the CNS causing demyelination and neuroinflammation; however, little is known about the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in CNS tissue repair. Transplantation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSCs and NPCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy to promote repair through cell replacement, although recent findings suggest transplanted NSCs also instruct endogenous repair mechanisms. We have recently described that dampened neuroinflammation and increased remyelination is correlated with emergence of Tregs following human NPC transplantation in a murine viral model of immune-mediated demyelination. In the current study we utilized the prototypic murine autoimmune model of demyelination experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to test the efficacy of hNSC transplantation. Eight-week-old, male EAE mice receiving an intraspinal transplant of hNSCs during the chronic phase of disease displayed remyelination, dampened neuroinflammation, and an increase in CNS CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Importantly, ablation of Tregs abrogated histopathological improvement. Tregs are essential for maintenance of T cell homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity, and an emerging role for Tregs in maintenance of tissue homeostasis through interactions with stem and progenitor cells has recently been suggested. The data presented here provide direct evidence for collaboration between CNS Tregs and hNSCs promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L McIntyre
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
| | - Scott A Greilach
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Ilse Sears-Kraxberger
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Brian Wi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Julio Ayala-Angulo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Estelle Vu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Quan Pham
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Jorge Silva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Kody Dang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Fady Rezk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Thomas E Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States of America
| | - Craig M Walsh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
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11
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Othy S, Jairaman A, Dynes J, Dong TX, Tune C, Yeromin AV, Zavala A, Akunwafo C, Chen F, Parker I, Cahalan MD. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Regulatory T Cells and Th17 Cells in the Leptomeninges During Autoimmune Neuroinflammation. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.220.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a devastating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting more than 2.5 million people worldwide. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T-helper 17 (Th17) cells orchestrate anti- and pro-inflammatory responses that underlie autoimmune diseases. We used two-photon microscopy to elucidate spatial organization, interstitial motility, cellular interaction and signaling of endogenous cells within the spinal leptomeninges in an autoimmune model of neuro-inflammation (EAE). Th17 cells arrive early, distribute uniformly during peak, and decline in numbers during later stages of EAE. In contrast, Tregs arrive before the peak of EAE, co-localize with Th17 cells and persist during later stages. Th17 cells meander widely, whereas Tregs adopt confined, repetitive-scanning motility along the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Notably, Th17 cells exhibit robust Ca2+ signals at the disease onset that are suppressed in the presence of Tregs in the later phases, and Th17 cells co-existing with Tregs remain partially refractory to TCR-activation in-vitro. These findings indicate that interactions with Tregs impart long-lasting suppression of Ca2+ signaling on Th17 cells. Altogether, our results demonstrate choreography-based evidence for Treg control over encephalitogenic T cells to limit neuroinflammation during EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivashankar Othy
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Amit Jairaman
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Joseph Dynes
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Tobias X Dong
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Cornelia Tune
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
- 2Institut für Anatomie, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andriy V Yeromin
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Angel Zavala
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Chijioke Akunwafo
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Fangyi Chen
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Ian Parker
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
- 3Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
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12
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Greilach SA, McIntyre LL, Hasselmann J, Othy S, Ngyuen Q, Sears-Kraxberger I, Steward O, Kessenbrock K, Cahalan MD, Blurton-Jones M, Lane TE, Walsh CM. Human neural stem cells induce central nervous system specific regulatory T cells from the exTreg pool and promote repair in models of multiple sclerosis. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.160.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and for which there is no cure. Current treatments focus on suppression of the immune system but fail to repair the resulting damage to the CNS. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases through cell replacement and repair however it is unclear how these cells would mediate repair in MS. We report that human NSCs promote CNS specific T regulatory cells (Tregs) which activate endogenous repair pathways and promote remyelination in a murine model of MS. We observed remyelination, decreased inflammation and an increase in (CNS)-infiltrating CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in EAE mice receiving an intra-spinal transplant of hNSCs. Recovery was not a result of cell replacement, as hNSCs underwent xenograft rejection, and was Treg dependent, as ablation of Tregs abrogated histopathological improvement. Treg expansion is antigen driven as hNSCs expanded CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in-vitro when cultured with neural antigen restricted RAG2−/−2D2+ (R2D2) splenocytes but not RAG2−/−OT-II+ splenocytes. When co-cultured with B6 splenocytes, hNSCs drove the expansion of unique TCRs when compared to controls. Additionally, hNSC-Tregs also appear to derive from the exTreg pool suggesting both antigen specific expansion and antigen dependent maintenance of FOXP3 in CNS-specific Tregs. hNSC Tregs also have a unique expression profile and express transglutimase-2 which is implicated in oligodendrocyte dependent repair in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Greilach
- 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Laura L McIntyre
- 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- 2Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Quy Ngyuen
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Ilse Sears-Kraxberger
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Oswald Steward
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- 2Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Thomas E Lane
- 5Department of Pathology, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132
| | - Craig M Walsh
- 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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13
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Greilach SA, McIntyre LL, Hasselmann J, Othy S, Nguyen Q, Kessenbrock K, Cahalan MD, Blurton-Jones M, Lane T, Walsh CM. Human neural stem cells induce central nervous system specific regulatory T cells from the ex Treg pool and promote repair in models of multiple sclerosis. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.193.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and for which there is no cure. Current treatments focus on suppression of the immune system but fail to repair the resulting damage to the CNS. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases through cell replacement and repair however it is unclear how these cells would mediate repair in MS. We report that human NSCs promote CNS specific T regulatory cells (Tregs) which activate endogenous repair pathways and promote remyelination in a murine model of MS. We observed remyelination, decreased inflammation and an increase in (CNS)-infiltrating CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in EAE mice receiving an intra-spinal transplant of NSCs. Recovery was not a result of cell replacement, as NSCs underwent xenograft rejection, and was Treg dependent, as ablation of Tregs abrogated histopathological improvement. RAG2−/−2D2 (R2D2) mice, which bear a TCR repertoire restricted to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and neurofilament, lack CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs under homeostatic conditions; however, upon exposure to MOG, R2D2 mice developed CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in cervical lymph nodes and the spinal cord. hNSCs also promoted Tregs in vitro in co-cultures with wild type B6 and R2D2 splenocytes, but not with RAG2−/− OT-II+ splenocytes. Additionally, hNSC-Tregs also appear to derive from the exTreg pool suggesting both antigen specific expansion and antigen dependent maintenance of FOXP3 in CNS-specific Tregs. hNSC Tregs also have a unique expression profile and express transglutimase-2 which is implicated in oligodendrocyte dependent repair in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Greilach
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Laura L. McIntyre
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- 2Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Quy Nguyen
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
- 5Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- 2Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697
| | - Thomas Lane
- 6Department of Pathology, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132
- 7Department of Pathology, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Craig M Walsh
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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14
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Hernández-Ruiz M, Othy S, Herrera C, Nguyen HT, Arrevillaga-Boni G, Catalan-Dibene J, Cahalan MD, Zlotnik A. Cxcl17 -/- mice develop exacerbated disease in a T cell-dependent autoimmune model. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:1027-1039. [PMID: 30860634 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0918-345rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCL17 is a homeostatic chemokine in the mucosa known to chemoattract dendritic cells and macrophages but can also be expressed elsewhere under inflammatory conditions. Cxcl17-/- mice have lower numbers of macrophages or dendritic cells in mucosal tissues. CXCL17 is also able to chemoattract suppressor myeloid cells that can recruit regulatory T cells. To explore a possible role of Cxcl17 in T cells, we studied T cell populations from Cxcl17-/- or wild-type (WT) littermate mice. Cxcl17-/- mice have higher numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleen and lymph nodes (LNs). Upon activation, they produce higher levels of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, a Cxcl17-/- mouse developed exacerbated disease in a T cell-dependent model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). By 18 days after immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte peptide, only 44% of Cxcl17-/- mice were still alive vs. 90% for WT mice. During EAE, Cxcl17-/- mice exhibited higher numbers of lymphoid and myeloid cells in spleen and LNs, whereas they had less myeloid cell infiltration in the CNS. Cxcl17-/- mice also had higher levels of some inflammatory cytokines in serum, suggesting that they may be involved in the poor survival of these mice. Abnormal T cell function may reflect altered myeloid cell migration, or it could be due to altered T cell development in the thymus. We conclude that CXCL17 is a novel factor regulating T cell homeostasis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Carolina Herrera
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Hong-Tam Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Gerardo Arrevillaga-Boni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jovani Catalan-Dibene
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Albert Zlotnik
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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15
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Dong TX, Othy S, Jairaman A, Skupsky J, Zavala A, Parker I, Dynes JL, Cahalan MD. T-cell calcium dynamics visualized in a ratiometric tdTomato-GCaMP6f transgenic reporter mouse. eLife 2017; 6:32417. [PMID: 29239725 PMCID: PMC5747524 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is an essential cellular messenger that regulates numerous functions in living organisms. Here, we describe development and characterization of ‘Salsa6f’, a fusion of GCaMP6f and tdTomato optimized for cell tracking while monitoring cytosolic Ca2+, and a transgenic Ca2+ reporter mouse with Salsa6f targeted to the Rosa26 locus for Cre-dependent expression in specific cell types. The development and function of T cells was unaffected in Cd4-Salsa6f mice. We describe Ca2+ signals reported by Salsa6f during T cell receptor activation in naive T cells, helper Th17 T cells and regulatory T cells, and Ca2+ signals mediated in T cells by an activator of mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels. Transgenic expression of Salsa6f enables ratiometric imaging of Ca2+ signals in complex tissue environments found in vivo. Two-photon imaging of migrating T cells in the steady-state lymph node revealed both cell-wide and localized sub-cellular Ca2+ transients (‘sparkles’) as cells migrate. To help protect the body from disease, small immune cells called T lymphocytes move rapidly, searching for signs of infection. These signs are antigens – processed pieces of proteins from invading bacteria and viruses – which are displayed on the surface of so-called antigen-presenting cells. To visit as many different antigen-presenting cells as possible, T cells move quickly from one to the next in an apparently random manner. How T cells are programmed to move in this way is largely unknown. The entry of calcium ions into cells, through channel proteins, triggers characteristic actions in many cells throughout the body. As such it is possible that the T cells’ movements are related to calcium signals too. However, it was technically challenging to directly measure the amount of calcium in moving cells within the body. To overcome this issue, Dong, Othy et al. genetically engineered mice to produce a new calcium-sensitive reporter protein in their T cells. The reporter, which was named Salsa6f, consisted of a red fluorescent protein fused to another protein that glows green when it binds to calcium ions. Measuring the ratio of red and green fluorescence gives a measure of the concentration of calcium ions inside the cell. In the absence of calcium signaling, the cells can still be tracked via the red fluorescence of Salsa6f. Importantly, the reporter did not affect the development or activity of the T cells in the mice. In a related study, Dong, Othy et al. then used their transgenic mice to ask whether calcium signals guide moving T cells as they search for antigens. Future studies could use these transgenic mice to track the calcium ion concentration in numerous cell types. This would enable new approaches to relate the inner workings of cells to their behaviors in many different organ systems throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias X Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Jonathan Skupsky
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Angel Zavala
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States.,Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Joseph L Dynes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, United States.,Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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16
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Dong TX, Othy S, Greenberg ML, Jairaman A, Akunwafo C, Leverrier S, Yu Y, Parker I, Dynes JL, Cahalan MD. Intermittent Ca 2+ signals mediated by Orai1 regulate basal T cell motility. eLife 2017; 6:27827. [PMID: 29239723 PMCID: PMC5747518 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ influx through Orai1 channels is crucial for several T cell functions, but a role in regulating basal cellular motility has not been described. Here, we show that inhibition of Orai1 channel activity increases average cell velocities by reducing the frequency of pauses in human T cells migrating through confined spaces, even in the absence of extrinsic cell contacts or antigen recognition. Utilizing a novel ratiometric genetically encoded cytosolic Ca2+ indicator, Salsa6f, which permits real-time monitoring of cytosolic Ca2+ along with cell motility, we show that spontaneous pauses during T cell motility in vitro and in vivo coincide with episodes of cytosolic Ca2+ signaling. Furthermore, lymph node T cells exhibited two types of spontaneous Ca2+ transients: short-duration 'sparkles' and longer duration global signals. Our results demonstrate that spontaneous and self-peptide MHC-dependent activation of Orai1 ensures random walk behavior in T cells to optimize immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias X Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Milton L Greenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Chijioke Akunwafo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Sabrina Leverrier
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Joseph L Dynes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States.,Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
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17
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Othy S, Matheu M, Greenberg M, Dong T, Schuijs M, Deswarte K, Hammad H, Lambrecht B, Parker I, Cahalan M. Two-photon imaging of endogenous regulatory T cell dynamics and suppression of helper T cell priming mediated by CTLA-4 (IRC11P.441). The Journal of Immunology 2015. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.197.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite the major role played by regulatory T cells (Tregs) in immune homeostasis, our knowledge on mechanisms involved is still incomplete. Using two-photon microscopy we characterize the behavior of endogenous Tregs under steady-state conditions, during inflammation, and during an antigen-specific T cell response in lymph nodes. Under steady-state conditions, endogenous Tregs maintain the highest average velocities of any cells in the lymph node and exist as two non-overlapping populations that explore the T-zone and the B cell follicle. In the T-zone, Tregs migrate more rapidly than conventional T cells (Tconv), extend longer processes, and interact with resident dendritic cells (DC) and Tconv. Under inflammatory conditions, Tregs engage migratory DCs near the lymph node capsule, occasionally form long-lived Treg-DC interactions. During antigen specific immune response, Tregs interact with antigen-induced DC:Tconv clusters, while continuing to form contacts with activated Tconv. We investigated the role of CD80/86-CTLA4 interactions during Tconv-Treg cell interactions. Blocking CTLA-4 reduces Treg-Tconv interaction times, increases the volume of DC:Tconv clusters, and enhances proliferation of antigen-specific Tconv in vivo. Furthermore, genetic deletion of CD80/CD86 on Tconv makes them less susceptible to inhibition by Tregs. Our results demonstrate a role for altered cellular choreography of Tregs through CTLA4-based interactions to limit helper T cell priming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Matheu
- 1University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- 2Bluestone Laboratory, UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Tobias Dong
- 1University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Kim Deswarte
- 3VIB Inflammation Research Center, UGent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- 3VIB Inflammation Research Center, UGent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Lambrecht
- 3VIB Inflammation Research Center, UGent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ian Parker
- 1University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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18
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Matheu MP, Othy S, Greenberg ML, Dong TX, Schuijs M, Deswarte K, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Parker I, Cahalan MD. Imaging regulatory T cell dynamics and CTLA4-mediated suppression of T cell priming. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6219. [PMID: 25653051 PMCID: PMC4347855 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain immune homoeostasis through mechanisms that remain incompletely defined. Here by two-photon (2P) imaging, we examine the cellular dynamics of endogenous Tregs. Tregs are identified as two non-overlapping populations in the T-zone and follicular regions of the lymph node (LN). In the T-zone, Tregs migrate more rapidly than conventional T cells (Tconv), extend longer processes and interact with resident dendritic cells (DC) and Tconv. Tregs intercept immigrant DCs and interact with antigen-induced DC:Tconv clusters, while continuing to form contacts with activated Tconv. During antigen-specific responses, blocking CTLA4-B7 interactions reduces Treg-Tconv interaction times, increases the volume of DC:Tconv clusters and enhances subsequent Tconv proliferation in vivo. Our results demonstrate a role for altered cellular choreography of Tregs through CTLA4-based interactions to limit T-cell priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P. Matheu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Milton L. Greenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Tobias X. Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Martijn Schuijs
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Deswarte
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michael D. Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Corresponding Author: Michael D. Cahalan ()
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Othy S, Topçu S, Saha C, Kothapalli P, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Käsermann F, Miescher S, Bayry J, Kaveri SV. Sialylation may be dispensable for reciprocal modulation of helper T cells by intravenous immunoglobulin. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2059-63. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivashankar Othy
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16-Immunopathology and therapeutic immunointervention; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris; Paris France
| | - Selma Topçu
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
| | - Chaitrali Saha
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne; Compiègne France
| | - Prathap Kothapalli
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
| | - Sebastien Lacroix-Desmazes
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16-Immunopathology and therapeutic immunointervention; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; France-Indian Council of Medical Research); National Institute of Immunohematology; Mumbai India
| | | | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16-Immunopathology and therapeutic immunointervention; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; France-Indian Council of Medical Research); National Institute of Immunohematology; Mumbai India
| | - Srini V. Kaveri
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 1138; Paris France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16-Immunopathology and therapeutic immunointervention; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; France-Indian Council of Medical Research); National Institute of Immunohematology; Mumbai India
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Othy S, Hegde P, Topçu S, Sharma M, Maddur M, Lacroix-Desmazes, S, Käsermann F, Miescher S, Bayry J, Kaveri S. Reciprocal modulation of CD4 T cell responses by intravenous immunoglobulin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (P5178). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.194.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
IVIg is increasingly used for therapy in many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases; however the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic benefit have remained uncertain. We have investigated the mechanisms in the context of modulation of regulatory and pathogenic CD4 T cells in EAE, a murine model of multiple sclerosis. We demonstrate that IVIg delays the onset of EAE by inhibiting encephalitogenic CD4 T cell subsets (Th1 and Th17 cells) and concomitantly expanding foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Furthermore, IVIg renders effector T cells less pathogenic by decreasing the expression of encephalitogenic molecules such as GM-CSF and podoplanin. Intriguingly and contrary to the current arguments, the inhibitory FcγRIIB and sialylation on IgG are dispensable and F(ab’)2 fragments retained this function of IVIg. Additionally, IVIg sequestered effector T cells into the draining lymph nodes leading to decreased infiltration into CNS. IVIg interfered with S1P-S1P1-mTOR pathway to sequester lymphocytes in the draining lymph nodes and reciprocally regulate CD4 T cell subsets. Our study reveals a novel role of immunoglobulins in modulating polarization, pathogenicity and trafficking of T lymphocytes accounting for the observed beneficial effect during IVIg therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivashankar Othy
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Pushpa Hegde
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- 3Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Selma Topçu
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Meenu Sharma
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- 3Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Mohan Maddur
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Lacroix-Desmazes,
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- 2Unité 872, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris, France
- 4International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France - Indian Council of Medical Research, India), National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- 2Unité 872, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris, France
- 4International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France - Indian Council of Medical Research, India), National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Srini Kaveri
- 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR S 872, Equipe 16-Immunopathology & therapeutic immunointervention, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- 2Unité 872, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris, France
- 4International Associated Laboratory IMPACT (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France - Indian Council of Medical Research, India), National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
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Othy S, Hegde P, Topçu S, Sharma M, Maddur MS, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Bayry J, Kaveri SV. Intravenous Gammaglobulin Inhibits Encephalitogenic Potential of Pathogenic T Cells and Interferes with their Trafficking to the Central Nervous System, Implicating Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Receptor 1–Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Axis. J I 2013; 190:4535-41. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Othy S, Bruneval P, Topçu S, Dugail I, Delers F, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Bayry J, Kaveri SV. Effect of IVIg on human dendritic cell-mediated antigen uptake and presentation: Role of lipid accumulation. J Autoimmun 2012; 39:168-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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