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Coulis G, Jaime D, Guerrero-Juarez C, Kastenschmidt JM, Farahat PK, Nguyen Q, Pervolarakis N, McLinden K, Thurlow L, Movahedi S, Hughes BS, Duarte J, Sorn A, Montoya E, Mozaffar I, Dragan M, Othy S, Joshi T, Hans CP, Kimonis V, MacLean AL, Nie Q, Wallace LM, Harper SQ, Mozaffar T, Hogarth MW, Bhattacharya S, Jaiswal JK, Golann DR, Su Q, Kessenbrock K, Stec M, Spencer MJ, Zamudio JR, Villalta SA. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics identify a macrophage population associated with skeletal muscle fibrosis. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd9984. [PMID: 37418531 PMCID: PMC10328414 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add9984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis, but how their dysregulation contributes to the development of fibrosis in muscle disease remains unclear. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the molecular attributes of dystrophic and healthy muscle macrophages. We identified six clusters and unexpectedly found that none corresponded to traditional definitions of M1 or M2 macrophages. Rather, the predominant macrophage signature in dystrophic muscle was characterized by high expression of fibrotic factors, galectin-3 (gal-3) and osteopontin (Spp1). Spatial transcriptomics, computational inferences of intercellular communication, and in vitro assays indicated that macrophage-derived Spp1 regulates stromal progenitor differentiation. Gal-3+ macrophages were chronically activated in dystrophic muscle, and adoptive transfer assays showed that the gal-3+ phenotype was the dominant molecular program induced within the dystrophic milieu. Gal-3+ macrophages were also elevated in multiple human myopathies. These studies advance our understanding of macrophages in muscular dystrophy by defining their transcriptional programs and reveal Spp1 as a major regulator of macrophage and stromal progenitor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Diego Jaime
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Jenna M. Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Philip K. Farahat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Quy Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | | | - Katherine McLinden
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Thurlow
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saba Movahedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Brandon S. Hughes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Sorn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Montoya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Izza Mozaffar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Dragan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Wallace
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott Q. Harper
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marshall W. Hogarth
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Surajit Bhattacharya
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Qi Su
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Melissa J. Spencer
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesse R. Zamudio
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S. Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Coulis G, Jaime D, Guerrero-Juarez C, Kastenschmidt JM, Farahat PK, Nguyen Q, Pervolarakis N, McLinden K, Thurlow L, Movahedi S, Duarte J, Sorn A, Montoya E, Mozaffar I, Dragan M, Othy S, Joshi T, Hans CP, Kimonis V, MacLean AL, Nie Q, Wallace LM, Harper SQ, Mozaffar T, Hogarth MW, Bhattacharya S, Jaiswal JK, Golann DR, Su Q, Kessenbrock K, Stec M, Spencer MJ, Zamudio JR, Villalta SA. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics identify a macrophage population associated with skeletal muscle fibrosis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.18.537253. [PMID: 37131694 PMCID: PMC10153153 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.537253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The monocytic/macrophage system is essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis, but its dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of muscle degenerative disorders. Despite our increasing knowledge of the role of macrophages in degenerative disease, it still remains unclear how macrophages contribute to muscle fibrosis. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the molecular attributes of dystrophic and healthy muscle macrophages. We identified six novel clusters. Unexpectedly, none corresponded to traditional definitions of M1 or M2 macrophage activation. Rather, the predominant macrophage signature in dystrophic muscle was characterized by high expression of fibrotic factors, galectin-3 and spp1. Spatial transcriptomics and computational inferences of intercellular communication indicated that spp1 regulates stromal progenitor and macrophage interactions during muscular dystrophy. Galectin-3 + macrophages were chronically activated in dystrophic muscle and adoptive transfer assays showed that the galectin-3 + phenotype was the dominant molecular program induced within the dystrophic milieu. Histological examination of human muscle biopsies revealed that galectin-3 + macrophages were also elevated in multiple myopathies. These studies advance our understanding of macrophages in muscular dystrophy by defining the transcriptional programs induced in muscle macrophages, and reveal spp1 as a major regulator of macrophage and stromal progenitor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Diego Jaime
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Christian Guerrero-Juarez
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Jenna M. Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Philip K. Farahat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Quy Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, USA
| | | | - Katherine McLinden
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lauren Thurlow
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Saba Movahedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Jorge Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Andrew Sorn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Elizabeth Montoya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Izza Mozaffar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Morgan Dragan
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Wallace
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
| | - Scott Q. Harper
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Marshall W. Hogarth
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Surajit Bhattacharya
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Children’s National Hospital, Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Qi Su
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Kai Kessenbrock
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Jesse R. Zamudio
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - S. Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, USA
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