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Epigenetic clock and methylation studies in vervet monkeys. GeroScience 2021; 44:699-717. [PMID: 34591235 PMCID: PMC9135907 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging have been developed for many mammals but not yet for the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus), which is a valuable non-human primate model for biomedical studies. We generated novel DNA methylation data from vervet cerebral cortex, blood, and liver using highly conserved mammalian CpGs represented on a custom array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40). We present six DNA methylation-based estimators of age: vervet multi-tissue epigenetic clock and tissue-specific clocks for brain cortex, blood, and liver. In addition, we developed two dual species clocks (human-vervet clocks) for measuring chronological age and relative age, respectively. Relative age was defined as ratio of chronological age to maximum lifespan to address the species differences in maximum lifespan. The high accuracy of the human-vervet clocks demonstrates that epigenetic aging processes are evolutionary conserved in primates. When applying these vervet clocks to tissue samples from another primate species, rhesus macaque, we observed high age correlations but strong offsets. We characterized CpGs that correlate significantly with age in the vervet. CpG probes that gain methylation with age across tissues were located near the targets of Polycomb proteins SUZ12 and EED and genes possessing the trimethylated H3K27 mark in their promoters. The epigenetic clocks are expected to be useful for anti-aging studies in vervets.
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Redoni M, Yacoub S, Rivino L, Giacobbe DR, Luzzati R, Di Bella S. Dengue: Status of current and under-development vaccines. Rev Med Virol 2020; 30:e2101. [PMID: 32101634 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is an emerging mosquito-borne viral infection with increasing reports of outbreaks. The clinical picture ranges from a benign febrile illness through to severe and potentially fatal manifestations. No specific anti-viral treatment exists, and therapy only consists of supportive care. During the last three decades, several attempts to develop an effective vaccine have been made. The first dengue vaccine to obtain licensure was Dengvaxia, which was authorized in 2015 and is currently available in over 20 countries. Its use has been approved with strict limitations regarding age and serostatus of the recipients, highlighting the necessity for a more safe and efficacious vaccine. At present several vaccine, candidates are undergoing clinical and pre-clinical trials. The most advanced candidates are TDV and TDV 003/005, two live-attenuated vaccines, but another 15 vaccines are under development, introducing novel immunization strategies to the traditional dengue vaccine scenario. This work reviews the current research status on dengue vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Redoni
- Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sophie Yacoub
- Department of Medicine, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Rivino
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Roberto Luzzati
- Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Svardal H, Jasinska AJ, Apetrei C, Coppola G, Huang Y, Schmitt CA, Jacquelin B, Ramensky V, Müller-Trutwin M, Antonio M, Weinstock G, Grobler JP, Dewar K, Wilson RK, Turner TR, Warren WC, Freimer NB, Nordborg M. Ancient hybridization and strong adaptation to viruses across African vervet monkey populations. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1705-1713. [PMID: 29083404 PMCID: PMC5709169 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vervet monkeys are among the most widely distributed nonhuman primates, show considerable phenotypic diversity, and have long been an important biomedical model for a variety of human diseases and in vaccine research. Using whole-genome sequencing data from 163 vervets sampled from across Africa and the Caribbean, we find high diversity within and between taxa and clear evidence that taxonomic divergence was reticulate rather than following a simple branching pattern. A scan for diversifying selection across taxa identifies strong and highly polygenic selection signals affecting viral processes. Furthermore, selection scores are elevated in genes whose human orthologs interact with HIV and in genes that show a response to experimental simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in vervet monkeys but not in rhesus macaques, suggesting that part of the signal reflects taxon-specific adaptation to SIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Svardal
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna J Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Cristian Apetrei
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | | | | | - Vasily Ramensky
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Martin Antonio
- Medical Research Council (MRC), The Gambia Unit, The Gambia
| | - George Weinstock
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - J Paul Grobler
- Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Ken Dewar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard K Wilson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Trudy R Turner
- Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Wesley C Warren
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Magnus Nordborg
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
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Vannice KS, Roehrig JT, Hombach J. Next generation dengue vaccines: A review of the preclinical development pipeline. Vaccine 2015; 33:7091-9. [PMID: 26424602 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dengue represents a significant and growing public health problem across the globe, with approximately half of the world's population at risk. The increasing and expanding burden of dengue has highlighted the need for new tools to prevent dengue, including development of dengue vaccines. Recently, the first dengue vaccine candidate was evaluated in Phase 3 clinical trials, and other vaccine candidates are under clinical evaluation. There are also a number of candidates in preclinical development, based on diverse technologies, with promising results in animal models and likely to move into clinical trials and could eventually be next-generation dengue vaccines. This review provides an overview of the various technological approaches to dengue vaccine development with specific focus on candidates in preclinical development and with evaluation in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S Vannice
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John T Roehrig
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joachim Hombach
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Sariol CA, White LJ. Utility, limitations, and future of non-human primates for dengue research and vaccine development. Front Immunol 2014; 5:452. [PMID: 25309540 PMCID: PMC4174039 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is considered the most important emerging, human arboviruses, with worldwide distribution in the tropics. Unfortunately, there are no licensed dengue vaccines available or specific anti-viral drugs. The development of a dengue vaccine faces unique challenges. The four serotypes co-circulate in endemic areas, and pre-existing immunity to one serotype does not protect against infection with other serotypes, and actually may enhance severity of disease. One foremost constraint to test the efficacy of a dengue vaccine is the lack of an animal model that adequately recapitulates the clinical manifestations of a dengue infection in humans. In spite of this limitation, non-human primates (NHP) are considered the best available animal model to evaluate dengue vaccine candidates due to their genetic relatedness to humans and their ability to develop a viremia upon infection and a robust immune response similar to that in humans. Therefore, most dengue vaccines candidates are tested in primates before going into clinical trials. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of published studies on dengue vaccine evaluations using the NHP model, and discuss critical parameters affecting the usefulness of the model. In the light of recent clinical data, we assess the ability of the NHP model to predict immunological parameters of vaccine performances in humans and discuss parameters that should be further examined as potential correlates of protection. Finally, we propose some guidelines toward a more standardized use of the model to maximize its usefulness and to better compare the performance of vaccine candidates from different research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Sariol
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus , San Juan, PR , USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus , San Juan, PR , USA
| | - Laura J White
- Global Vaccine Incorporation , Research Triangle Park, NC , USA
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