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Liu L, Yang L, Cao S, Gao Z, Yang B, Zhang G, Zhu R, Wu D. CyclicPepedia: a knowledge base of natural and synthetic cyclic peptides. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae190. [PMID: 38678388 PMCID: PMC11056021 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides offer a range of notable advantages, including potent antibacterial properties, high binding affinity and specificity to target molecules, and minimal toxicity, making them highly promising candidates for drug development. However, a comprehensive database that consolidates both synthetically derived and naturally occurring cyclic peptides is conspicuously absent. To address this void, we introduce CyclicPepedia (https://www.biosino.org/iMAC/cyclicpepedia/), a pioneering database that encompasses 8744 known cyclic peptides. This repository, structured as a composite knowledge network, offers a wealth of information encompassing various aspects of cyclic peptides, such as cyclic peptides' sources, categorizations, structural characteristics, pharmacokinetic profiles, physicochemical properties, patented drug applications, and a collection of crucial publications. Supported by a user-friendly knowledge retrieval system and calculation tools specifically designed for cyclic peptides, CyclicPepedia will be able to facilitate advancements in cyclic peptide drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- National Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, P. R. China
| | - Suqi Cao
- National Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Shanghai Southgene Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- National Genomics Data Center & Bio-Med Big Data Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Dingfeng Wu
- National Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, P. R. China
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Samson R, Dharne M, Khairnar K. Bacteriophages: Status quo and emerging trends toward one health approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168461. [PMID: 37967634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the drug-resistant pathogens has been attributed to the ESKAPEE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter sp., and Escherichia coli). Recently, these AMR microbes have become difficult to treat, as they have rendered the existing therapeutics ineffective. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective alternatives to lessen or eliminate the current infections and limit the spread of emerging diseases under the "One Health" framework. Bacteriophages (phages) are naturally occurring biological resources with extraordinary potential for biomedical, agriculture/food safety, environmental protection, and energy production. Specific unique properties of phages, such as their bactericidal activity, host specificity, potency, and biocompatibility, make them desirable candidates in therapeutics. The recent biotechnological advancement has broadened the repertoire of phage applications in nanoscience, material science, physical chemistry, and soft-matter research. Herein, we present a comprehensive review, coupling the substantial aspects of phages with their applicability status and emerging opportunities in several interdependent areas under one health concept. Consolidating the recent state-of-the-art studies that integrate human, animal, plant, and environment health, the following points have been highlighted: (i) The biomedical and pharmacological advantages of phages and their antimicrobial derivatives with particular emphasis on in-vivo and clinical studies. (ii) The remarkable potential of phages to be altered, improved, and applied for drug delivery, biosensors, biomedical imaging, tissue engineering, energy, and catalysis. (iii) Resurgence of phages in biocontrol of plant, food, and animal-borne pathogens. (iv) Commercialization of phage-based products, current challenges, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Samson
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mahesh Dharne
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
| | - Krishna Khairnar
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune 411008, India; Environmental Virology Cell (EVC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, India.
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3
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Bisht D, Sajjanar BK, Saxena S, Kakodia B, Dighe V, Thakuria D, Kharayat NS, Chanu KV, Kumar S. Identification and characterization of phage display-selected peptides having affinity to Peste des petits ruminants virus. J Immunol Methods 2023; 515:113455. [PMID: 36893896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Phage display is a well-established technique used for selecting novel ligands having affinity to a plethora of targets including proteins, viruses, whole bacterial and mammalian cells as well as lipid targets. In the present study, phage display technology was used to identify peptides having affinity to PPRV. The binding capacity of these peptides was characterized through various formats of ELISA using phage clones, linear and multiple antigenic peptides. The whole PPRV was used as an immobilized target in a surface biopanning process using a 12-mer phage display random peptide library. After five rounds of biopanning, forty colonies were picked and amplified followed by DNA isolation and amplification for sequencing. Sequencing suggested 12 different clones expressing different peptide sequence Phage-ELISA was performed using all 12 phage clones. Results indicated that four phage clones i.e., P4, P8, P9 and P12 had a specific binding activity to PPR virus. Linear peptides displayed by all 12 clones were synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis and subjected to virus capture ELISA. No significant binding of the linear peptides with PPRV was evident which may be due to loss of conformation of linear peptide after coating. When the four selected phage clones displayed peptide sequences were synthesized in Multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) format and used in virus capture ELISA, the results indicated significant binding of PPRV to the MAPs. It may be due to increased avidity and/or better projection of binding residues in 4-armed MAPs as compared to linear peptides. MAP-peptides were also conjugated on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Visual colour change from wine red to purple was observed on addition of PPRV in MAP-conjugated AuNPs solution. This colour change may be attributable to the networking of PPRV with MAP -conjugated AuNPs resulting in aggregation of AuNPs. All these results supported the hypothesis that the phage display selected peptides were capable of binding to the PPRV. The potential of these peptides to develop novel diagnostic or therapeutic agents remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Bisht
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India; Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
| | - B K Sajjanar
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
| | - Shikha Saxena
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
| | - Bhuvna Kakodia
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Vikas Dighe
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
| | - Dimpal Thakuria
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India; ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India.
| | - Nitish S Kharayat
- Temperate Animal Husbandry Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263138, India.
| | | | - Satish Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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Wang T, Xu J, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhao W, Xiang B, Xue Y, Yuan Q, Wang Y. Receptor-binding domain-anchored peptides block binding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike proteins with cell surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:910343. [PMID: 36177466 PMCID: PMC9513850 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.910343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has killed over 6 million people worldwide. Despite the accumulation of knowledge about the causative pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the pathogenesis of this disease, cures remain to be discovered. We searched for certain peptides that might interfere with spike protein (S protein)-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interactions. Methods Phage display (PhD)-12 peptide library was screened against recombinant spike trimer (S-trimer) or receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) proteins. The resulting enriched peptide sequences were obtained, and their potential binding sites on S-trimer and S-RBD 3D structure models were searched. Synthetic peptides corresponding to these and other reference sequences were tested for their efficacy in blocking the binding of S-trimer protein onto recombinant ACE2 proteins or ACE2-overexpressing cells. Results After three rounds of phage selections, two peptide sequences (C2, DHAQRYGAGHSG; C6, HWKAVNWLKPWT) were enriched by S-RBD, but only C2 was present in S-trimer selected phages. When the 3D structures of static monomeric S-RBD (6M17) and S-trimer (6ZGE, 6ZGG, 7CAI, and 7CAK, each with different status of S-RBDs in the three monomer S proteins) were scanned for potential binding sites of C2 and C6 peptides, C6 opt to bind the saddle of S-RBD in both 6M17 and erected S-RBD in S-trimers, but C2 failed to cluster there in the S-trimers. In the competitive S-trimer-ACE2-binding experiments, synthetic C2 and C6 peptides inhibited S-trimer binding onto 293T-ACE2hR cells at high concentrations (50 μM) but not at lower concentrations (10 μM and below), neither for the settings of S-trimer binding onto recombinant ACE2 proteins. Conclusion Using PhD methodology, two peptides were generated bearing potentials to interfere with S protein-ACE2 interaction, which might be further exploited to produce peptidomimetics that block the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 virus onto host cells, hence diminishing the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiang’an University Medical Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Xue
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiang’an University Medical Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Yiqiang Wang,
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Sokullu E, Gauthier MS, Coulombe B. Discovery of Antivirals Using Phage Display. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061120. [PMID: 34200959 PMCID: PMC8230593 DOI: 10.3390/v13061120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest coronavirus disease outbreak, COVID-19, has brought attention to viral infections which have posed serious health threats to humankind throughout history. The rapid global spread of COVID-19 is attributed to the increased human mobility of today's world, yet the threat of viral infections to global public health is expected to increase continuously in part due to increasing human-animal interface. Development of antiviral agents is crucial to combat both existing and novel viral infections. Recently, there is a growing interest in peptide/protein-based drug molecules. Antibodies are becoming especially predominant in the drug market. Indeed, in a remarkably short period, four antibody therapeutics were authorized for emergency use in COVID-19 treatment in the US, Russia, and India as of November 2020. Phage display has been one of the most widely used screening methods for peptide/antibody drug discovery. Several phage display-derived biologics are already in the market, and the expiration of intellectual property rights of phage-display antibody discovery platforms suggests an increment in antibody drugs in the near future. This review summarizes the most common phage display libraries used in antiviral discovery, highlights the approaches employed to enhance the antiviral potency of selected peptides/antibody fragments, and finally provides a discussion about the present status of the developed antivirals in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Sokullu
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Marie-Soleil Gauthier
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Benoit Coulombe
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (B.C.)
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Fernandez-Garcia L, Pacios O, González-Bardanca M, Blasco L, Bleriot I, Ambroa A, López M, Bou G, Tomás M. Viral Related Tools against SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2020; 12:E1172. [PMID: 33081350 PMCID: PMC7589879 DOI: 10.3390/v12101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2019, a new disease appeared and spread all over the world, the COVID-19, produced by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. As a consequence of this worldwide health crisis, the scientific community began to redirect their knowledge and resources to fight against it. Here we summarize the recent research on viruses employed as therapy and diagnostic of COVID-19: (i) viral-vector vaccines both in clinical trials and pre-clinical phases; (ii) the use of bacteriophages to find antibodies specific to this virus and some studies of how to use the bacteriophages themselves as a treatment against viral diseases; and finally, (iii) the use of CRISPR-Cas technology both to obtain a fast precise diagnose of the patient and also the possible use of this technology as a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fernandez-Garcia
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Pacios
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica González-Bardanca
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Blasco
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Bleriot
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antón Ambroa
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - María López
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - German Bou
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), 41071 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria Tomás
- Microbiology Department-Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (L.F.-G.); (O.P.); (M.G.-B.); (L.B.); (I.B.); (A.A.); (M.L.); (G.B.)
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) of Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), 41071 Sevilla, Spain
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Wei J, Hameed M, Wang X, Zhang J, Guo S, Anwar MN, Pang L, Liu K, Li B, Shao D, Qiu Y, Zhong D, Zhou B, Ma Z. Antiviral activity of phage display-selected peptides against Japanese encephalitis virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res 2019; 174:104673. [PMID: 31812636 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) is a zoonotic flavivirus that is the most significant etiological agent of childhood viral neurological infections. However, no specific antiviral drug is currently available to treat JEV infections. The JEV envelope (E) protein is a class II viral fusion protein that mediates host cell entry, making interference with the interaction between the E protein of JEV and its cognate receptors an attractive strategy for anti-JEV drug development. In this study, we identified a peptide derived from a phage display peptide library against the E protein of JEV, designated P1, that potentially inhibits in vitro and in vivo JEV infections. P1 inhibits JEV infection in BHK-21 cells with 50% inhibitory capacity at a concentration of 35.9 μM. The time-of-addition assay indicates that JEV replication is significantly inhibited during pre-infection and co-infection of P1 with JEV while post-infection treatments with P1 have very little impact on JEV proliferation, showing that P1 inhibits JEV infection at early stages and indicating the potential prophylactic effect of P1. We adapted an in vitro BiFC assay system and demonstrated that P1 interacts with JEV E proteins and blocks their entry into cells. We also evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of P1 in a lethal JEV mouse model exhibiting systemic and brain infections. Interestingly, P1 treatment protected C57BL/6 mice against mortality, markedly reduced the viral loads in blood and brain, and diminished the histopathological lesions in the brain cells. In addition to controlling systemic infection, P1 has a very low level of cytotoxicity and acts in a sequence-specific manner, as scrambled peptide sP1 does not show any antiviral activity. In conclusion, our in vitro and in vivo experimental findings show that P1 possesses antiviral activity against JEV infections, is safe to use, and has potential for further development as an antiviral treatment against JEV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Wei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Muddassar Hameed
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anwar
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Pang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Shao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengke Zhong
- Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Yu Q, Liu M, Wei S, Xiao H, Wu S, Ke K, Huang X, Qin Q, Li P. Identification of Major Capsid Protein as a Potential Biomarker of Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Cells Using Aptamers Selected by SELEX. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2684. [PMID: 31849862 PMCID: PMC6901930 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers have important roles in disease pathogenesis, and serve as important disease indicators for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Grouper iridovirus is a nucleocytoplasmic DNA virus, which not only causes great economic losses in mariculture but also seriously threatens the global biodiversity. However, a lack of biomarkers has limited the progress in clarifying iridovirus pathogenesis. Here, we report novel molecular probes, aptamers, for specific identification of biomarkers in grouper iridovirus-infected cells. Aptamers are selected by SELEX, which is a completely different approach from conventional antibody-based methods for biomarkers discovery. Aptamer-based technology is the unique efficient selection for cell-specific target molecules, and helps find out new biomarkers without the knowledge of characteristics of proteins expressed on virus-infected cell surface. With the implementation of a two-step strategy (aptamer selection and biomarker discovery), combined with mass spectrometry, grouper iridovirus major capsid protein was ultimately identified as a potential biomarker of aptamer Q5 for grouper iridovirus infection. The specific interactions of aptamer Q5 and MCP were experimentally validated by several assays, including EMSA, co-localization of fluorescence by LSCM, binding competition tests, and siRNA silencing tests by flow cytometry. This aptamer-based method for biomarkers discovery developed with grouper iridovirus-infected cells could be applicable to other types of virus infection, markedly improve our studies of biomarker discovery and virus pathogenesis, and further facilitate the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches to treat virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Siting Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Ke Ke
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.,College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Gowen BB, Hickerson BT. Hemorrhagic fever of bunyavirus etiology: disease models and progress towards new therapies. J Microbiol 2017; 55:183-195. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-017-7029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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10
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Suo S, Wang X, Zarlenga D, Bu RE, Ren Y, Ren X. Phage display for identifying peptides that bind the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and possess diagnostic potential. Virus Genes 2015; 51:51-6. [PMID: 26013256 PMCID: PMC7089269 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spike (S) protein of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is located within the viral envelope and is the only structural protein that possesses epitopes capable of inducing virus-neutralizing antibodies. Among the four N-terminal antigenic sites A, B, C, and D, site A and to a lesser extent site D (S-AD) induce key neutralizing antibodies. Recently, we expressed S-AD (rS-AD) in recombinant form. In the current study, we used the rS-AD as an immobilized target to identify peptides from a phage-display library with application for diagnosis. Among the 9 phages selected that specifically bound to rS-AD, the phage bearing the peptide TLNMHLFPFHTG bound with the highest affinity and was subsequently used to develop a phage-based ELISA for TGEV. When compared with conventional antibody-based ELISA, phage-mediated ELISA was more sensitive; however, it did not perform better than semi-quantitative RT-PCR, though phage-mediated ELISA was quicker and easier to set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqingaowa Suo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China,
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11
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Foster AD, Ingram JD, Leitch EK, Lennard KR, Osher EL, Tavassoli A. Methods for the Creation of Cyclic Peptide Libraries for Use in Lead Discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:563-76. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057114566803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The identification of initial hits is a crucial stage in the drug discovery process. Although many projects adopt high-throughput screening of small-molecule libraries at this stage, there is significant potential for screening libraries of macromolecules created using chemical biology approaches. Not only can the production of the library be directly interfaced with a cell-based assay, but these libraries also require significantly fewer resources to generate and maintain. In this context, cyclic peptides are increasingly viewed as ideal scaffolds and have proven capability against challenging targets such as protein-protein interactions. Here we discuss a range of methods used for the creation of cyclic peptide libraries and detail examples of their successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali Tavassoli
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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12
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Zhang ZF, Shan X, Wang YX, Wang W, Feng SY, Cui YB. Screening and selection of peptides specific for esophageal cancer cells from a phage display peptide library. J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 9:76. [PMID: 24779651 PMCID: PMC4018990 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-9-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the absence of early clinical symptoms. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy represent the major treatment methods employed for this cancer, the prognosis of esophageal cancer remains poor. Methods A Ph.D.-12TM Phage Display Peptide Library was screened using an esophageal cancer cell line, Eca109, and a normal esophageal epithelial cell line to identify novel ligands that selectively bind the surface of esophageal cancer cells with high affinity. Results Two polypeptides were isolated that exhibited higher binding affinities and specificity for the Eca109 cells. These peptides were further validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), immunofluorescence assays, and immunohistochemistry assays. Conclusion Two polypeptides with high binding affinities to esophageal cancer cells were isolated from the Ph.D.-12TM Phage Display Peptide Library. Further studies are needed to characterize the biological effects of these polypeptides and to explore the potential for these peptides to be used for the early screening of esophageal cancer or for cell-targeted therapies that would reduce the toxic side effects of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - You-Bin Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, 130021 Changchun, China.
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13
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London N, Raveh B, Schueler-Furman O. Druggable protein-protein interactions--from hot spots to hot segments. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 17:952-9. [PMID: 24183815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) mediate numerous biological functions. As such, the inhibition of specific PPIs has tremendous therapeutic value. The notion that these interactions are 'undruggable' has petered out with the emergence of more and more successful examples of PPI inhibitors, expanding considerably the scope of potential drug targets. The accumulated data on successes in the inhibition of PPIs allow us to analyze the features that are required for such inhibition. Whereas it has been suggested and shown that targeting hot spots at PPI interfaces is a good strategy to achieve inhibition, in this review we focus on the notion that the most amenable interactions for inhibition are those that are mediated by a 'hot segment', a continuous epitope that contributes the majority of the binding energy. This criterion is both useful in guiding future target selection efforts, and in suggesting immediate inhibitory candidates--the dominant peptidic segment that mediates the targeted interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir London
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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14
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Liu K, Feng X, Ma Z, Luo C, Zhou B, Cao R, Huang L, Miao D, Pang R, He D, Lian X, Chen P. Antiviral activity of phage display selected peptides against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro. Virology 2012; 432:73-80. [PMID: 22743126 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is an important infectious disease of pigs and has a significant harmful effect on the livestock industry, especially in China. PRRSV ORF1b gene encodes primary proteins which play a vital role during PRRSV replication. In this paper, various 12-amino-acid peptides were displayed. These peptides could bind to the polymerase and helicase of PRRSV ORF1b protein, respectively, in which p9 exerted the highest antiviral activity with an IC50 of 56 μM, and the minimum toxicity to cells. It was proved that p9 inhibited PRRSV replication in infected MARC-145 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the amino acid sequence of HRILMRIR was important for antiviral activity of p9. Also, p9 could bind to the cell membrane and penetrated into cells. These result suggested that p9 might be a potential therapeutic drug for PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostic & Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine College, Nanjing Agricultural University, YiFu 4037, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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15
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Development of anti-infectives using phage display: biological agents against bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:4569-82. [PMID: 22664969 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00567-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of anti-infective therapeutics on the market or in development are small molecules; however, there is now a nascent pipeline of biological agents in development. Until recently, phage display technologies were used mainly to produce monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeted against cancer or inflammatory disease targets. Patent disputes impeded broad use of these methods and contributed to the dearth of candidates in the clinic during the 1990s. Today, however, phage display is recognized as a powerful tool for selecting novel peptides and antibodies that can bind to a wide range of antigens, ranging from whole cells to proteins and lipid targets. In this review, we highlight research that exploits phage display technology as a means of discovering novel therapeutics against infectious diseases, with a focus on antimicrobial peptides and antibodies in clinical or preclinical development. We discuss the different strategies and methods used to derive, select, and develop anti-infectives from phage display libraries and then highlight case studies of drug candidates in the process of development and commercialization. Advances in screening, manufacturing, and humanization technologies now mean that phage display can make a significant contribution in the fight against clinically important pathogens.
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16
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Charging of tRNAs using ribozymes and selection of cyclic peptides containing thioethers. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 805:335-48. [PMID: 22094815 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-379-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vitro selection methods represent a powerful approach toward identifying high-affinity peptide ligands from highly diverse peptide libraries against a desired target. We herein describe a method for the display and selection of cyclic thioether peptide libraries. Reprogramming the initiation event from fMet to an N-chloroacetyl-amino acid by utilizing flexizyme to rapidly and efficiently prepare the aa-tRNA can be effectively used to initiate translation, upon which the thiol group of an inserted cysteine at the C terminus of the designed library spontaneously reacts to yield a nonreducible cyclic thioether peptide readily compatible with any in vitro display methods. Thus, cyclic peptides already in a nonreducible stable form can be selected directly against the target of interest.
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17
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Reynolds F, Kelly KA. Techniques for molecular imaging probe design. Mol Imaging 2011; 10:407-419. [PMID: 22201532 PMCID: PMC3224676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging allows clinicians to visualize disease-specific molecules, thereby providing relevant information in the diagnosis and treatment of patients. With advances in genomics and proteomics and underlying mechanisms of disease pathology, the number of targets identified has significantly outpaced the number of developed molecular imaging probes. There has been a concerted effort to bridge this gap with multidisciplinary efforts in chemistry, proteomics, physics, material science, and biology--all essential to progress in molecular imaging probe development. In this review, we discuss target selection, screening techniques, and probe optimization with the aim of developing clinically relevant molecularly targeted imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Reynolds
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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18
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Abstract
Molecular imaging allows clinicians to visualize disease-specific molecules, thereby providing relevant information in the diagnosis and treatment of patients. With advances in genomics and proteomics and underlying mechanisms of disease pathology, the number of targets identified has significantly outpaced the number of developed molecular imaging probes. There has been a concerted effort to bridge this gap with multidisciplinary efforts in chemistry, proteomics, physics, material science, and biology—all essential to progress in molecular imaging probe development. In this review, we discuss target selection, screening techniques, and probe optimization with the aim of developing clinically relevant molecularly targeted imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Reynolds
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA. Reprints not available
| | - Kimberly A. Kelly
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA. Reprints not available
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19
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Macneil A, Nichol ST, Spiropoulou CF. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Virus Res 2011; 162:138-47. [PMID: 21945215 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe disease characterized by a rapid onset of pulmonary edema followed by respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. The HPS associated viruses are members of the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. Hantaviruses have a worldwide distribution and are broadly split into the New World hantaviruses, which includes those causing HPS, and the Old World hantaviruses [including the prototype Hantaan virus (HTNV)], which are associated with a different disease, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and Andes virus (ANDV) are the most common causes of HPS in North and South America, respectively. Case fatality of HPS is approximately 40%. Pathogenic New World hantaviruses infect the lung microvascular endothelium without causing any virus induced cytopathic effect. However, virus infection results in microvascular leakage, which is the hallmark of HPS. This article briefly reviews the knowledge on HPS-associated hantaviruses accumulated since their discovery, less than 20 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Macneil
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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20
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Castel G, Chtéoui M, Heyd B, Tordo N. Phage display of combinatorial peptide libraries: application to antiviral research. Molecules 2011; 16:3499-518. [PMID: 21522083 PMCID: PMC6263255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16053499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the growing number of diseases caused by emerging or endemic viruses, original strategies are urgently required: (1) for the identification of new drugs active against new viruses and (2) to deal with viral mutants in which resistance to existing antiviral molecules has been selected. In this context, antiviral peptides constitute a promising area for disease prevention and treatment. The identification and development of these inhibitory peptides require the high-throughput screening of combinatorial libraries. Phage-display is a powerful technique for selecting unique molecules with selective affinity for a specific target from highly diverse combinatorial libraries. In the last 15 years, the use of this technique for antiviral purposes and for the isolation of candidate inhibitory peptides in drug discovery has been explored. We present here a review of the use of phage display in antiviral research and drug discovery, with a discussion of optimized strategies combining the strong screening potential of this technique with complementary rational approaches for identification of the best target. By combining such approaches, it should be possible to maximize the selection of molecules with strong antiviral potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Noël Tordo
- Unité Postulante des Stratégies Antivirales, CNRS URA-3015, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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21
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Klingström J, Ahlm C. Hantavirus protein interactions regulate cellular functions and signaling responses. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011; 9:33-47. [PMID: 21171876 DOI: 10.1586/eri.10.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rodent-borne pathogenic hantaviruses cause two severe and often lethal zoonotic diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Currently, no US FDA-approved therapeutics or vaccines are available for HFRS/HCPS. Infections with hantaviruses are not lytic, and it is currently not known exactly why infections in humans cause disease. A better understanding of how hantaviruses interfere with normal cell functions and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses might provide clues to future development of specific treatment and/or vaccines against hantavirus infection. In this article, the current knowledge regarding immune responses observed in patients, hantavirus interference with cellular proteins and signaling pathways, and possible approaches in the development of therapeutics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Klingström
- Centre for Microbiological Preparedness, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden.
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22
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Ren X, Liu B, Yin J, Zhang H, Li G. Phage displayed peptides recognizing porcine aminopeptidase N inhibit transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus infection in vitro. Virology 2010; 410:299-306. [PMID: 21176936 PMCID: PMC7111919 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Porcine aminopeptidase N (pAPN) is a cellular receptor of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a porcine coronavirus. Interaction between the spike (S) protein of TGEV and pAPN initiates cell infection. Small molecules, especially peptides are an expanding area for therapy or diagnostic assays for viral diseases. Here, the peptides capable of binding the pAPN were, for the first time, identified by biopanning using a random 12-mer peptide library to the immobilized protein. Three chemically synthesized peptides recognizing the pAPN showed effective inhibition ability to TGEV infection in vitro. A putative TxxF motif was identified in the S protein of TGEV. Phages bearing the specific peptides interacted with the pAPN in ELISA. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays confirmed the protective effect of the peptides on cell infection by TGEV. Moreover, the excellent immune responses in mice induced by the identified phages provided the possibility to develop novel phage-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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23
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Phages harboring specific peptides that recognize the N protein of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus distinguish the virus from other viruses. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48:1875-81. [PMID: 20237096 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01707-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to develop a novel diagnostic test for detecting porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) using phage display technology. The N gene of PRRSV isolate HH08 was cloned following reverse transcription-PCR. Sequence comparison indicated that the N gene shared 96.4% homology to that of North American PRRSV (isolate VR2332) and 35.5% with that of European PRRSV (isolate LV), indicating that the PRRSV isolate was related to the North American PRRSV genotype. The bacterially expressed N protein was used as a target in a biopanning process using a phage display random peptide library. Seven phages expressing different peptides had a specific binding activity with the N protein. The putative binding motifs were identified by DNA sequencing. More importantly, the selected phages harboring specific peptides that recognize the N protein of PRRSV were able to efficiently distinguish PRRSV from other viruses in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
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