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Kuse N, Gatanaga H, Zhang Y, Chikata T, Oka S, Takiguchi M. Epitope-dependent effect of long-term cART on maintenance and recovery of HIV-1-specific CD8 + T cells. J Virol 2023; 97:e0102423. [PMID: 37877716 PMCID: PMC10688310 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01024-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells are anticipated to become effector cells for curative treatment using the "shock and kill" approach in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Previous studies demonstrated that the frequency of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells is reduced under cART and their functional ability remains impaired. These studies analyzed T-cell responses to a small number of HIV-1 epitopes or overlapping HIV-1 peptides. Therefore, the features of CD8+ T cells specific for HIV-1 epitopes under cART remain only partially clarified. Here, we analyzed CD8+ T cells specific for 63 well-characterized epitopes in 90 PLWH. We demonstrated that CD8+ T cells specific for large numbers of HIV-1 epitopes were maintained in an epitope-dependent fashion under long-term cART and that long-term cART enhanced or restored the ability of HIV-1-specific T cells to proliferate in vitro. This study implies that some HIV-1-specific T cells would be useful as effector cells for curative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kuse
- Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo Joint Laboratory, Department of Frontier Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Gatanaga
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Zhang
- Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo Joint Laboratory, Department of Frontier Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Chikata
- Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo Joint Laboratory, Department of Frontier Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takiguchi
- Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo Joint Laboratory, Department of Frontier Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hu D, Irving AT. Massively-multiplexed epitope mapping techniques for viral antigen discovery. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192385. [PMID: 37818363 PMCID: PMC10561112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Following viral infection, viral antigens bind specifically to receptors on the surface of lymphocytes thereby activating adaptive immunity in the host. An epitope, the smallest structural and functional unit of an antigen, binds specifically to an antibody or antigen receptor, to serve as key sites for the activation of adaptive immunity. The complexity and diverse range of epitopes are essential to study and map for the diagnosis of disease, the design of vaccines and for immunotherapy. Mapping the location of these specific epitopes has become a hot topic in immunology and immune therapy. Recently, epitope mapping techniques have evolved to become multiplexed, with the advent of high-throughput sequencing and techniques such as bacteriophage-display libraries and deep mutational scanning. Here, we briefly introduce the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of the latest epitope mapping techniques with examples for viral antigen discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Hu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Aaron T. Irving
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Studies, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Infection, Immunity & Cancer, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Biomedical and Health Translational Research Centre of Zhejiang Province (BIMET), Haining, China
- College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Zhang L, Li Z, Tang Z, Han L, Wei X, Xie X, Ren S, Meng K, Liu Y, Xu M, Qi L, Chen H, Wu J, Zhang N. Efficient Identification of Tembusu Virus CTL Epitopes in Inbred HBW/B4 Ducks Using a Novel MHC Class I-Restricted Epitope Screening Scheme. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:145-156. [PMID: 35623661 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The identification of MHC class I-restricted CTL epitopes in certain species, particularly nonmammals, remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a four-step identification scheme and confirmed its efficiency by identifying the Anpl-UAA*76-restricted CTL epitopes of Tembusu virus (TMUV) in inbred haplotype ducks HBW/B4. First, the peptide binding motif of Anpl-UAA*76 was determined by random peptide library in de novo liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a novel nonbiased, data-independent acquisition method that we previously established. Second, a total of 38 TMUV peptides matching the motif were screened from the viral proteome, among which 11 peptides were conserved across the different TMUV strains. Third, the conserved TMUV peptides were refolded in vitro with Anpl-UAA*76 and Anpl-β2-microglobulin to verify the results from the previous two steps. To clarify the structural basis of the obtained motif, we resolved the crystal structure of Anpl-UAA*76 with the TMUV NS3 peptide LRKRQLTVL and found that Asp34 is critical for the preferential binding of the B pocket to bind the second residue to arginine as an anchor residue. Fourth, the immunogenicity of the conserved TMUV peptides was tested in vivo using specific pathogen-free HBW/B4 ducks immunized with the attenuated TMUV vaccine. All 11 conserved TMUV epitopes could bind stably to Anpl-UAA*76 in vitro and stimulate the secretion of IFN-γ and lymphocyte proliferation, and three conserved and one nonconserved peptides were selected to evaluate the CTL responses in vivo by flow cytometry and their tetramers. We believe that this new scheme could improve the identification of MHC class I-restricted CTL epitopes, and our data provide a foundation for further study on duck anti-TMUV CTL immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuolin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziche Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxia Han
- Division of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaimeng Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Kai Meng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yueyue Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Minli Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lihong Qi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Division of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China;
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China; and
| | - Nianzhi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Impact of Micropolymorphism Outside the Peptide Binding Groove in the Clinically Relevant Allele HLA-C*14 on T Cell Responses in HIV-1 Infection. J Virol 2022; 96:e0043222. [PMID: 35475667 PMCID: PMC9131871 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00432-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the importance of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C)-restricted CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 control, but these responses are relatively poorly investigated. The number of HLA-C-restricted HIV-1 epitopes identified is much smaller than those of HLA-A-restricted or HLA-B-restricted ones. Here, we utilized a mass spectrometry-based approach to identify HIV-1 peptides presented by HLA-C*14:03 protective and HLA-C*14:02 nonprotective alleles. We identified 25 8- to 11-mer HLA-I-bound HIV-1 peptides from HIV-1-infected HLA-C*14:02+/14:03+ cells. Analysis of T cell responses to these peptides identified novel 6 T cell epitopes targeted in HIV-1-infected HLA-C*14:02+/14:03+ subjects. Analyses using HLA stabilization assays demonstrated that all 6 epitope peptides exhibited higher binding to and greater cell surface stabilization of HLA-C*14:02 than HLA-C*14:03. T cell response magnitudes were typically higher in HLA-C*14:02+ than HLA-C*14:03+ individuals, with responses to the Pol KM9 and Nef epitopes being significantly higher. The results show that HLA-C*14:02 can elicit stronger T cell responses to HIV-1 than HLA-C*14:03 and suggest that the single amino acid difference between these HLA-C14 subtypes at position 21, outside the peptide-binding groove, indirectly influences the stability of peptide-HLA-C*14 complexes and induction/expansion of HIV-specific T cells. Taken together with a previous finding that KIR2DL2+ NK cells recognized HLA-C*14:03+ HIV-1-infected cells more than HLA-C*14:02+ ones, the present study indicates that these HLA-C*14 subtypes differentially impact HIV-1 control by T cells and NK cells. IMPORTANCE Some human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles are associated with good clinical outcomes in HIV-1 infection and are called protective HLA alleles. Identification of T cell epitopes restricted by protective HLA alleles can give important insight into virus-immune system interactions and inform design of immune-based prophylactic/therapeutic strategies. Although epitopes restricted by many protective HLA-A/B alleles have been identified, protective HLA-C alleles are relatively understudied. Here, we identified 6 novel T cell epitopes presented by both HLA-C*14:02 (no association with protection) and HLA-C*14:03 (protective) using a mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidome profiling approach. We found that these peptides bound to and stabilized HLA-C*14:02 better than HLA-C*14:03 and observed differences in induction/expansion of epitope-specific T cell responses in HIV-infected HLA-C*14:02+ versus HLA-C*14:03+ individuals. These results enhance understanding of how the microstructural difference at position 21 between these HLA-C*14 subtypes may influence cellular immune responses involved in viral control in HIV-1 infection.
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A Systematic Review of T Cell Epitopes Defined from the Proteome of Hepatitis B Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020257. [PMID: 35214714 PMCID: PMC8878595 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a worldwide health problem and no eradicative therapy is currently available. Host T cell immune responses have crucial influences on the outcome of HBV infection, however the development of therapeutic vaccines, T cell therapies and the clinical evaluation of HBV-specific T cell responses are hampered markedly by the lack of validated T cell epitopes. This review presented a map of T cell epitopes functionally validated from HBV antigens during the past 33 years; the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) supertypes to present these epitopes, and the methods to screen and identify T cell epitopes. To the best of our knowledge, a total of 205 CD8+ T cell epitopes and 79 CD4+ T cell epitopes have been defined from HBV antigens by cellular functional experiments thus far, but most are restricted to several common HLA supertypes, such as HLA-A0201, A2402, B0702, DR04, and DR12 molecules. Therefore, the currently defined T cell epitope repertoire cannot cover the major populations with HLA diversity in an indicated geographic region. More researches are needed to dissect a more comprehensive map of T cell epitopes, which covers overall HBV proteome and global patients.
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Abstract
T cells must recognize pathogen-derived peptides bound to major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) in order to initiate a cell-mediated immune response against an infection, or to support the development of high-affinity antibody responses. Identifying antigens presented on MHCs by infected cells and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) during infection may therefore provide a route toward developing new vaccines. Peptides bound to MHCs can be identified at whole-proteome scale using mass spectrometry-a technique referred to as "immunopeptidomics." This technique has emerged as a powerful tool for identifying potential vaccine targets in the context of many infectious diseases. In this review, we discuss the contributions immunopeptidomic studies have made to understanding antigen presentation and T cell priming in the context of infection and the potential for immunopeptidomics to inform the development of vaccines to address pressing global health problems in infectious disease.
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Kuse N, Akahoshi T, Takiguchi M. STING Ligand-Mediated Priming of Functional CD8 + T Cells Specific for HIV-1-Protective Epitopes from Naive T Cells. J Virol 2021; 95:e0069921. [PMID: 34076478 PMCID: PMC8312882 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00699-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells primed from naive T cells are expected to act as effector T cells in a "shock-and-kill" therapeutic strategy for an HIV-1 cure since less functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells are elicited from memory T cells in HIV-1-infected individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). CD8+ T cells specific for HIV-1 conserved and protective epitopes are candidates for such T cells. We investigated the priming with STING ligand of CD8+ T cells specific for HLA-B*52:01 or HLA-C*12:02-restricted protective epitopes from naive T cells. STING ligand 3'3'-cGAMP effectively primed CD8+ T cells specific for 3 of 4 HLA-B*52:01-restricted epitopes but failed to prime those specific for all 3 HLA-C*12:02-restricted epitopes from the naive T cells of HIV-1-uninfected individuals having an HLA-B*52:01-C*12:02 protective haplotype. These HLA-B*52:01-restricted CD8+ T cells had a strong ability to suppress HIV-1 replication and expressed a high level of cytolytic effector molecules. The viral suppression ability of these T cells was significantly correlated with the expression level of perforin and showed a trend for a positive correlation with the expression level of CD107a. The present study highlighted the priming with STING ligand of functional CD8+ T cells specific for protective epitopes, which T cells would contribute as effector T cells to a shock-and-kill therapy. IMPORTANCE The current "shock-and-kill" therapeutic strategy for HIV cure has been directed toward eliminating latent viral reservoirs by reactivation of latent reservoirs with latency-reversing agents followed by eradication of these cells by immune-mediated responses. Although HIV-1-specific T cells are expected to eradicate viral reservoirs, the function of these T cells is reduced in HIV-1-infected individuals with long-term cART. Therefore, priming of HIV-1-specific T cells with high function from naive T cells is to be expected in these individuals. In this study, we demonstrated the priming with STING ligand 3'3'-cGAMP of CD8+ T cells specific for HIV-1-protective epitopes from naive T cells. cGAMP primed CD8+ T cells specific for 3 HLA-B*52:01-restricted protective epitopes, which cells expressed a high level of cytolytic effector molecules and effectively suppressed HIV-1 replication. The present study suggested that the priming with STING ligand of functional CD8+ T cells specific for protective epitopes would be useful in a therapy for an HIV-1 cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kuse
- Tokyo Joint Laboratory and Division of International Collaboration Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Takiguchi
- Tokyo Joint Laboratory and Division of International Collaboration Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Goncalves G, Mullan KA, Duscharla D, Ayala R, Croft NP, Faridi P, Purcell AW. IFNγ Modulates the Immunopeptidome of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Enhancing and Diversifying Antigen Processing and Presentation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645770. [PMID: 33968037 PMCID: PMC8100505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide vaccination remains a viable approach to induce T-cell mediated killing of tumors. To identify potential T-cell targets for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) vaccination, we examined the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ (IFNγ) on the transcriptome, proteome, and immunopeptidome of the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Using high resolution mass spectrometry, we identified a total of 84,131 peptides from 9,647 source proteins presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-I and HLA-II alleles. Treatment with IFNγ resulted in a remarkable remolding of the immunopeptidome, with only a 34% overlap between untreated and treated cells across the HLA-I immunopeptidome, and expression of HLA-II only detected on treated cells. IFNγ increased the overall number, diversity, and abundance of peptides contained within the immunopeptidome, as well increasing the coverage of individual source antigens. The suite of peptides displayed under conditions of IFNγ treatment included many known tumor associated antigens, with the HLA-II repertoire sampling 17 breast cancer associated antigens absent from those sampled by HLA-I molecules. Quantitative analysis of the transcriptome (10,248 transcripts) and proteome (6,783 proteins) of these cells revealed 229 common proteins and transcripts that were differentially expressed. Most of these represented downstream targets of IFNγ signaling including components of the antigen processing machinery such as tapasin and HLA molecules. However, these changes in protein expression did not explain the dramatic modulation of the immunopeptidome following IFNγ treatment. These results demonstrate the high degree of plasticity in the immunopeptidome of TNBC cells following cytokine stimulation and provide evidence that under pro-inflammatory conditions a greater variety of potential HLA-I and HLA-II vaccine targets are unveiled to the immune system. This has important implications for the development of personalized cancer vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Goncalves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kerry A Mullan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Divya Duscharla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rochelle Ayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan P Croft
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Pouya Faridi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Murakoshi H, Chikata T, Akahoshi T, Zou C, Borghan MA, Van Tran G, Nguyen TV, Van Nguyen K, Kuse N, Takiguchi M. Critical effect of Pol escape mutations associated with detrimental allele HLA-C*15: 05 on clinical outcome in HIV-1 subtype A/E infection. AIDS 2021; 35:33-43. [PMID: 33031103 PMCID: PMC7752225 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism explaining the role of detrimental HLA alleles in HIV-1 infections has been investigated in very few studies. HLA-A*29:01-B*07:05-C*15:05 is a detrimental haplotype in HIV-1 subtype A/E-infected Vietnamese individuals. The accumulation of mutations at Pol 653/657 is associated with a poor clinical outcome in these individuals. However, the detrimental HLA allele and the mechanism responsible for its detrimental effect remains unknown. Therefore, in this current study we identified the detrimental HLA allele and investigated the mechanism responsible for the detrimental effect. DESIGN AND METHODS A T-cell epitope including Pol 653/657 and its HLA restriction were identified by using overlapping HIV-1 peptides and cell lines expressing a single HLA. The effect of the mutations on the T-cell recognition of HIV-1-infected cells was investigated by using target cells infected with the mutant viruses. The effect of these mutations on the clinical outcome was analyzed in 74 HLA-C*15:05 Vietnamese infected with the subtype A/E virus. RESULTS We identified HLA-C*15:05-restricted SL9 epitope including Pol 653/657. PolS653A/T/L mutations within this epitope critically impaired the T-cell recognition of HIV-1-infected cells, indicating that these mutations had escaped from the T cells. T-cell responders infected with these mutants showed significantly lower CD4 T-cell counts than those with the wild-type virus or Pol S653K/Q mutants, which are not associated with HLA-C*15:05. CONCLUSION The accumulation of Pol S653A/T/L escape mutants critically affected the control of HIV-1 by SL9-specific T cells and led to a poor clinical outcome in the subtype A/E-infected individuals having the detrimental HLA-C*15:05 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Murakoshi
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Chikata
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Chengcheng Zou
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mohamed Ali Borghan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Giang Van Tran
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung Vu Nguyen
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nozomi Kuse
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takiguchi
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Jahedian S, Sadat SM, Javadi GR, Bolhassani A. Production and Evaluation of the Properties of HIV-1-Nef-MPER-V3 Fusion Protein Harboring IMT-P8 Cell Penetrating Peptide. Curr HIV Res 2020; 18:315-323. [PMID: 32532193 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x18666200612151925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding a safe and effective vaccine for HIV-1 infection is still a major concern. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to design and produce a recombinant Nef-MPER V3 protein fused with IMT-P8 using E. coli expression system to provide a potential HIV vaccine with high cellular penetrance. METHODS After synthesizing the DNA sequence of the fusion protein, the construct was inserted into the pET-28 expression vector. The recombinant protein expression was induced using 1 mM IPTG and the product was purified through affinity chromatography. Characterization of cellular delivery, toxicity and immunogenicity of the protein was carried out. RESULTS The recombinant protein was expressed and confirmed by the anti-Nef antibody through western blotting. Data analyses showed that the protein possessed no considerable toxicity effect and has improved the IMT-P8 penetration rate in comparison to a control sample. Moreover, the antigen immunogenicity of the protein induced specific humoral response in mice. CONCLUSION It was concluded that IMT-P8-Nef-MPER-V3 fusion protein has a high penetrance rate in mammalian cell line and low toxicity, thus it can be potentially considered as a vaccine against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufa Jahedian
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Sadat
- Department of Hepatitis, AIDS and Blood-borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Javadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis, AIDS and Blood-borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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