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Tian H, Liu Q, Yu X, Cao Y, Huang X. Damage-associated molecular patterns in viral infection: potential therapeutic targets. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39091137 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2384885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Frequent viral infections leading to infectious disease outbreaks have become a significant global health concern. Fully elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the immune response against viral infections is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. The innate immune response, the host's primary defense against viral infection, plays a pivotal role and has become a breakthrough in research mechanisms. A component of the innate immune system, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are involved in inducing inflammatory responses to viral infections. Numerous DAMPs are released from virally infected cells, activating downstream signaling pathways via internal and external receptors on immune cells. This activation triggers immune responses and helps regulate viral host invasion. This review examines the immune regulatory mechanisms of various DAMPs, such as the S100 protein family, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and heat shock proteins, in various viral infections to provide a theoretical basis for designing novel antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanli Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaotian Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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2
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Pang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Fang L, Xiao S. Lactate-lactylation-HSPA6 axis promotes PRRSV replication by impairing IFN-β production. J Virol 2024; 98:e0167023. [PMID: 38088561 PMCID: PMC10804950 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01670-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate, traditionally considered a metabolic by-product, has recently been identified as a substrate for the induction of lactylation, a newly identified epigenetic modification that plays an important role in the regulation of host gene expression. Our previous study showed that lactate levels were significantly elevated in cells infected with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an Arterivirus that has devastated the swine industry worldwide for over 30 years. However, the role of elevated lactate in PRRSV infections remains unknown. In this study, we found that lactate was required for optimal PRRSV proliferation, and PRRSV infection increased cellular lactylation in a dose-dependent manner. Using the Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) combined with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to screen the downstream genes regulated by lactylation in PRRSV-infected cells, we found that PRRSV-induced lactylation activated the expression of heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 (HSPA6). Follow-up experiments showed that HSPA6 is important for PRRSV proliferation by negatively modulating interferon (IFN)-β induction. Mechanistically, HSPA6 impeded the interaction between TNF-receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKKε), thereby hindering the production of IFN-β. Taken together, these results indicate that the activated lactate-lactylation-HSPA6 axis promotes viral growth by impairing IFN-β induction, providing new therapeutic targets for the prevention and control of PRRSV infection. The results presented here also link lactylation to the virus life cycle, improving our understanding of epigenetic regulation in viral infection.IMPORTANCEAs a newly identified epigenetic modification, lactate-induced lactylation has received attentions because it plays important roles in gene expression and contributes to tumorigenesis and the innate immune response. Previous studies showed that many viruses upregulate cellular lactate levels; however, whether virus-elevated lactate induces lactylation and the subsequent biological significance of the modification to viral infection have not been reported. In this study, we demonstrated that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection induced cellular lactylation, which, in turn, upregulated the expression of HSPA6, an IFN-negative regulator. We also dissected the mechanism by which HSPA6 negatively regulates IFN-β production. To our knowledge, this is the first report to study virus-induced lactylation and establish the relationship between lactylation and virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Chen N, Bai T, Wang S, Wang H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhu Z. New Insights into the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1473. [PMID: 37374975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a positive-strand RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus in the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD). BVDV's unique virion structure, genome, and replication mechanism in the Flaviviridae family render it a useful alternative model for evaluating the effectiveness of antiviral drugs used against the hepatitis C virus (HCV). As one of the most abundant and typical heat shock proteins, HSP70 plays an important role in viral infection caused by the family Flaviviridae and is considered a logical target of viral regulation in the context of immune escape. However, the mechanism of HSP70 in BVDV infection and the latest insights have not been reported in sufficient detail. In this review, we focus on the role and mechanisms of HSP70 in BVDV-infected animals/cells to further explore the possibility of targeting this protein for antiviral therapy during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Tongtong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
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Moreno P, Leiva-Rebollo R, Garcia-Rosado E, Bejar J, Alonso MC. Cytokine-like activity of European sea bass ISG15 protein on RGNNV-infected E-11 cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:612-619. [PMID: 36007830 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
IFN-I generates an antiviral state by inducing the expression of numerous genes, called IFN-stimulated genes, ISGs, including ISG15, which is the only ISG with cytokine-like activity. In a previous study, we developed the Dl_ISG15_E11 cell line, which consisted of E11 cells able to express and secrete sea bass ISG15. The current study is a step forward, analysing the effect of secreted sea bass ISG15 on RGNNV replication in E11 cells, and looking into its immunomodulatory activity in order to corroborate its cytokine-like activity. The medium from ISG15-produccing cells compromised RGNNV replication, as it has been demonstrated both, by reduction in the viral genome synthesis and, specially, in the yield of infective viral particles. The implication of sea bass ISG15 in this protection has been demonstrated by ISG15 removal, which decreased the percentage of surviving cells upon viral infection, and by incubation of RGNNV-infected cells with a recombinant sea bass ISG15 protein, which resulted in almost full protection. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of extracellular sea bass ISG15 has been demonstrated, which reaffirms a cytokine-like role for this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Moreno
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocio Leiva-Rebollo
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther Garcia-Rosado
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Julia Bejar
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Alonso
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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5
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Huoman J, Sayyab S, Apostolou E, Karlsson L, Porcile L, Rizwan M, Sharma S, Das J, Rosén A, Lerm M. Epigenetic rewiring of pathways related to odour perception in immune cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in vivo and in vitro. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1875-1891. [PMID: 35758003 PMCID: PMC9665140 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2089471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of SARS-CoV-2 recoverees develop only mild-to-moderate symptoms, while some remain completely asymptomatic. Although viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, may evade host immune responses by epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, little is known about whether these modifications are important in defence against and healthy recovery from COVID-19 in the host. To this end, epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns from COVID-19 convalescents were compared to uninfected controls from before and after the pandemic. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA was extracted from uninfected controls, COVID-19 convalescents, and symptom-free individuals with SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell-responses, as well as from PBMCs stimulated in vitro with SARS-CoV-2. Subsequently, the Illumina MethylationEPIC 850K array was performed, and statistical/bioinformatic analyses comprised differential DNA methylation, pathway over-representation, and module identification analyses. Differential DNA methylation patterns distinguished COVID-19 convalescents from uninfected controls, with similar results in an experimental SARS-CoV-2 infection model. A SARS-CoV-2-induced module was identified in vivo, comprising 66 genes of which six (TP53, INS, HSPA4, SP1, ESR1, and FAS) were present in corresponding in vitro analyses. Over-representation analyses revealed involvement in Wnt, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signalling, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathways. Furthermore, numerous differentially methylated and network genes from both settings interacted with the SARS-CoV-2 interactome. Altered DNA methylation patterns of COVID-19 convalescents suggest recovery from mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection leaves longstanding epigenetic traces. Both in vitro and in vivo exposure caused epigenetic modulation of pathways thataffect odour perception. Future studies should determine whether this reflects host-induced protective antiviral defense or targeted viral hijacking to evade host defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Huoman
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shumaila Sayyab
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Eirini Apostolou
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Karlsson
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lucas Porcile
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jyotirmoy Das
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anders Rosén
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Lerm
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Zhu L, Li X, Xu H, Fu L, Gao GF, Liu W, Zhao L, Wang X, Jiang W, Fang M. Multiple RNA virus matrix proteins interact with SLD5 to manipulate host cell cycle. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34882534 PMCID: PMC8744269 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrix protein of many enveloped RNA viruses regulates multiple stages of viral life cycle and has the characteristics of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. We have previously demonstrated that matrix protein 1 (M1) of an RNA virus, influenza virus, blocks host cell cycle progression by interacting with SLD5, a member of the GINS complex, which is required for normal cell cycle progression. In this study, we found that M protein of several other RNA viruses, including VSV, SeV and HIV, interacted with SLD5. Furthermore, VSV/SeV infection and M protein of VSV/SeV/HIV induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Importantly, overexpression of SLD5 partially rescued the cell cycle arrest by VSV/SeV infection and VSV M protein. In addition, SLD5 suppressed VSV replication in vitro and in vivo, and enhanced type Ⅰ interferon signalling. Taken together, our results suggest that targeting SLD5 by M protein might be a common strategy used by multiple enveloped RNA viruses to block host cell cycle. Our findings provide new mechanistic insights for virus to manipulate cell cycle progression by hijacking host replication factor SLD5 during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Xinyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Henan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - George Fu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Linqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Min Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China.,International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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7
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Salladini E, Gondelaud F, Nilsson JF, Pesce G, Bignon C, Murrali MG, Fabre R, Pierattelli R, Kajava AV, Horvat B, Gerlier D, Mathieu C, Longhi S. Identification of a Region in the Common Amino-terminal Domain of Hendra Virus P, V, and W Proteins Responsible for Phase Transition and Amyloid Formation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1324. [PMID: 34572537 PMCID: PMC8471210 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Henipaviruses are BSL-4 zoonotic pathogens responsible in humans for severe encephalitis. Their V protein is a key player in the evasion of the host innate immune response. We previously showed that the Henipavirus V proteins consist of a long intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) and a β-enriched C-terminal domain (CTD). These terminals are critical for V binding to DDB1, which is a cellular protein that is a component of the ubiquitin ligase E3 complex, as well as binding to MDA5 and LGP2, which are two host sensors of viral RNA. Here, we serendipitously discovered that the Hendra virus V protein undergoes a liquid-to-hydrogel phase transition and identified the V region responsible for this phenomenon. This region, referred to as PNT3 and encompassing residues 200-310, was further investigated using a combination of biophysical and structural approaches. Congo red binding assays, together with negative-staining transmisison electron microscopy (TEM) studies, show that PNT3 forms amyloid-like fibrils. Fibrillation abilities are dramatically reduced in a rationally designed PNT3 variant in which a stretch of three contiguous tyrosines, falling within an amyloidogenic motif, were replaced by three alanines. Worthy to note, Congo red staining experiments provided hints that these amyloid-like fibrils form not only in vitro but also in cellula after transfection or infection. The present results set the stage for further investigations aimed at assessing the functional role of phase separation and fibrillation by the Henipavirus V proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Salladini
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Frank Gondelaud
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Juliet F. Nilsson
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Giulia Pesce
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Christophe Bignon
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Maria Grazia Murrali
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Roxane Fabre
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Roberta Pierattelli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Andrey V. Kajava
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237, CNRS, Université Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Branka Horvat
- Team Immunobiology of the Viral Infections, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France; (B.H.); (D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Denis Gerlier
- Team Immunobiology of the Viral Infections, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France; (B.H.); (D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Cyrille Mathieu
- Team Immunobiology of the Viral Infections, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France; (B.H.); (D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Sonia Longhi
- Laboratory Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille University, CEDEX 9, 13288 Marseille, France; (E.S.); (F.G.); (J.F.N.); (G.P.); (C.B.)
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Zhang X, Fei D, Sun L, Li M, Ma Y, Wang C, Huang S, Ma M. Identification of the Novel Host Protein Interacting With the Structural Protein VP1 of Chinese Sacbrood Virus by Yeast Two-Hybrid Screening. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2192. [PMID: 31611854 PMCID: PMC6775477 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) is the major cause and lead to the collapse of Apis cerana colonies. VP1, the structural protein of CSBV, shows the highest variation in the amino acid sequences among proteins from different CSBV strains as well as exhibits excellent immunogenicity. However, its function with host protein still remains unclear. To clarify its function with host protein, we screened out host cellular proteins that interact with VP1 using the membrane protein yeast two-hybrid system. In addition, we verified interactions between heat shock protein 70 cognate 5 (Hsp70-c5) and VP1 using glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays. VP1 and Hsp70-c5 were colocalized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Using western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Hsp70-c5 expression in CSBV-infected larvae was upregulated compared with that in healthy larvae. We observed that when we silenced Hsp70-c5, VP1 expression was significantly downregulated. These results demonstrate that Hsp70-c5 is involved in at least one stage(s) of the viral life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingxiao Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Veterinary, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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9
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Transcriptional Responses of the Trichoplusia ni Midgut to Oral Infection by the Baculovirus Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00353-19. [PMID: 31043536 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00353-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are large double-stranded DNA viruses that are virulent pathogens of certain insect species. In a natural host, Trichoplusia ni, infection by the model baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) begins when the occluded form of the virus disassembles in the midgut and virions infect midgut epithelial cells to establish the primary phase of the infection. To better understand the primary phase of the AcMNPV infection cycle, newly molted 5th-instar T. ni larvae were orally infected with AcMNPV occlusion bodies and the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut were analyzed at various times from 0 to 72 h postinfection, using transcriptome sequencing analysis and a T. ni reference genome. The numbers of differentially expressed host genes increased as the infection progressed, and we identified a total of 3,372 differentially expressed T. ni transcripts in the AcMNPV-infected midgut. Genes encoding orthologs of HMG176, atlastin, and CPH43 were among the most dramatically upregulated in response to AcMNPV infection. A number of cytochrome P450 genes were downregulated in response to infection. We also identified the effects of AcMNPV infection on a large variety of genes associated with innate immunity. This analysis provides an abundance of new and detailed information on host responses to baculovirus infection during the primary phase of the infection in the midgut and will be important for understanding how baculoviruses establish productive infections in the organism.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are virulent pathogens of a number of important insect pest species. In the host Trichoplusia ni, infection begins in the midgut when infectious virions of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) phenotype enter and subsequently replicate in cells of the midgut epithelium. A second virion phenotype (budded virus [BV]) is produced there, and BV mediates systemic infection of the animal. Most prior detailed studies of baculovirus infections have focused on BV infections of cultured cells. In this study, we examined the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut to infection by ODV of the baculovirus AcMNPV and identified a variety of host genes that respond dramatically to viral infection. Understanding the transcriptional responses of the host midgut to viral infection is critically important for understanding the biphasic infection in the animal as a whole.
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10
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Chaperoning the Mononegavirales: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Viruses 2018; 10:v10120699. [PMID: 30544818 PMCID: PMC6315898 DOI: 10.3390/v10120699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The order Mononegavirales harbors numerous viruses of significant relevance to human health, including both established and emerging infections. Currently, vaccines are only available for a small subset of these viruses, and antiviral therapies remain limited. Being obligate cellular parasites, viruses must utilize the cellular machinery for their replication and spread. Therefore, targeting cellular pathways used by viruses can provide novel therapeutic approaches. One of the key challenges confronted by both hosts and viruses alike is the successful folding and maturation of proteins. In cells, this task is faced by cellular molecular chaperones, a group of conserved and abundant proteins that oversee protein folding and help maintain protein homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of how the Mononegavirales interact with cellular chaperones, highlight key gaps in our knowledge, and discuss the potential of chaperone inhibitors as antivirals.
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Genetic Modulation of HSPA1A Accelerates Kindling Progression and Exerts Pro-convulsant Effects. Neuroscience 2018; 386:108-120. [PMID: 29964156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Strong evidence exists that Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated effects on microglia functional states can promote ictogenesis and epileptogenesis. So far, research has focused on the role of high-mobility group box protein 1 as an activator of TLRs. However, the development of targeting strategies might need to consider a role of additional receptor ligands. Considering the fact that heat shock protein A1 (hsp70) has been confirmed as a TLR 2 and 4 ligand, we have explored the consequences of its overexpression in a mouse kindling paradigm. The genetic modulation enhanced seizure susceptibility with lowered seizure thresholds prior to kindling. In contrast to wildtype (WT) mice, HSPA1A transgenic (TG) mice exhibited generalized seizures very early during the kindling paradigm. Along with an increased seizure severity, seizure duration proved to be prolonged in TG mice during this phase. Toward the end of the stimulation phase seizure parameters of WT mice reached comparable levels. However, a difference between genotypes was still evident when comparing seizure parameters during the post-kindling threshold determination. Surprisingly, HSPA1A overexpression did not affect microglia activation in the hippocampus. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that hsp70 can exert pro-convulsant effects promoting ictogenesis in naïve animals. The pronounced impact on the response to subsequent stimulations gives first evidence that genetic HSPA1A upregulation may also contribute to epileptogenesis. Thus, strategies inhibiting hsp70 or its expression might be of interest for prevention of seizures and epilepsy. However, conclusions about a putative pro-epileptogenic effect of hsp70 require further investigations in models with development of spontaneous recurrent seizures.
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Cheng W, Jia H, Wang X, He X, Jin Q, Cao J, Jing Z. Ectromelia virus upregulates the expression of heat shock protein�70 to promote viral replication. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1044-1053. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu�730046, P.R.�China
| | - Huaijie Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Qiwang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Cao
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB�R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Zhizhong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
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Wang F, Qiu Y, Zhang HM, Hanson P, Ye X, Zhao G, Xie R, Tong L, Yang D. Heat shock protein 70 promotes coxsackievirus B3 translation initiation and elongation via Akt-mTORC1 pathway depending on activation of p70S6K and Cdc2. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Huifang M. Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Paul Hanson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Guangze Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Ronald Xie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Decheng Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia, Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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Qiu Y, Ye X, Hanson PJ, Zhang HM, Zong J, Cho B, Yang D. Hsp70-1: upregulation via selective phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1 during coxsackieviral infection and promotion of viral replication via the AU-rich element. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1067-84. [PMID: 26361762 PMCID: PMC11108310 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the primary pathogen of viral myocarditis. Upon infection, CVB3 exploits the host cellular machineries, such as chaperone proteins, to benefit its own infection cycles. Inducible heat shock 70-kDa proteins (Hsp70s) are chaperone proteins induced by various cellular stress conditions. The internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) within Hsp70 mRNA allows Hsp70 to be translated cap-independently during CVB3 infection when global cap-dependent translation is compromised. The Hsp70 protein family contains two major members, Hsp70-1 and Hsp70-2. This study showed that Hsp70-1, but not Hsp70-2, was upregulated during CVB3 infection both in vitro and in vivo. Then a novel mechanism of Hsp70-1 induction was revealed in which CaMKIIγ is activated by CVB3 replication and leads to phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) specifically at Serine 230, which enhances Hsp70-1 transcription. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of Ser230 induces translocation of HSF1 from the cytoplasm to nucleus, thus blocking the ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of HSF1 at Ser307, a negative regulatory process of Hsp70 transcription, further contributing to Hsp70-1 upregulation. Finally, we demonstrated that Hsp70-1 upregulation, in turn, stabilizes CVB3 genome via the AU-rich element (ARE) harbored in the 3' untranslated region of CVB3 genomic RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Qiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Paul J Hanson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Huifang Mary Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jeff Zong
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Brian Cho
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Decheng Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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Kipkorir T, Colangelo CM, Manuelidis L. Proteomic analysis of host brain components that bind to infectious particles in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Proteomics 2015; 15:2983-98. [PMID: 25930988 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible encephalopathies (TSEs), such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and scrapie, are caused by infectious agents that provoke strain-specific patterns of disease. Misfolded host prion protein (PrP-res amyloid) is believed to be the causal infectious agent. However, particles that are stripped of PrP retain both high infectivity and viral proteins not detectable in uninfected mouse controls. We here detail host proteins bound with FU-CJD agent infectious brain particles by proteomic analysis. More than 98 proteins were differentially regulated, and 56 FU-CJD exclusive proteins were revealed after PrP, GFAP, C1q, ApoE, and other late pathologic response proteins were removed. Stripped FU-CJD particles revealed HSC70 (144× the uninfected control), cyclophilin B, an FU-CJD exclusive protein required by many viruses, and early endosome-membrane pathways known to facilitate viral processing, replication, and spread. Synaptosomal elements including synapsin-2 (at 33×) and AP180 (a major FU-CJD exclusive protein) paralleled the known ultrastructural location of 25 nm virus-like TSE particles and infectivity in synapses. Proteins without apparent viral or neurodegenerative links (copine-3), and others involved in viral-induced protein misfolding and aggregation, were also identified. Human sCJD brain particles contained 146 exclusive proteins, and heat shock, synaptic, and viral pathways were again prominent, in addition to Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington aggregation proteins. Host proteins that bind TSE infectious particles can prevent host immune recognition and contribute to prolonged cross-species transmissions (the species barrier). Our infectious particle strategy, which reduces background sequences by >99%, emphasizes host targets for new therapeutic initiatives. Such therapies can simultaneously subvert common pathways of neurodegeneration.
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Heat shock protein 70 enhances mucosal immunity against human norovirus when coexpressed from a vesicular stomatitis virus vector. J Virol 2014; 88:5122-37. [PMID: 24574391 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00019-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human norovirus (NoV) accounts for 95% of nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Currently, there is no vaccine available to combat human NoV as it is not cultivable and lacks a small-animal model. Recently, we demonstrated that recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) expressing human NoV capsid protein (rVSV-VP1) induced strong immunities in mice (Y. Ma and J. Li, J. Virol. 85:2942-2952, 2011). To further improve the safety and efficacy of the vaccine candidate, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was inserted into the rVSV-VP1 backbone vector. A second construct was generated in which the firefly luciferase (Luc) gene was inserted in place of HSP70 as a control for the double insertion. The resultant recombinant viruses (rVSV-HSP70-VP1 and rVSV-Luc-VP1) were significantly more attenuated in cell culture and viral spread in mice than rVSV-VP1. At the inoculation dose of 1.0 × 10(6) PFU, rVSV-HSP70-VP1 triggered significantly higher vaginal IgA than rVSV-VP1 and significantly higher fecal and vaginal IgA responses than rVSV-Luc-VP1, although serum IgG and T cell responses were similar. At the inoculation dose of 5.0 × 10(6) PFU, rVSV-HSP70-VP1 stimulated significantly higher T cell, fecal, and vaginal IgA responses than rVSV-VP1. Fecal and vaginal IgA responses were also significantly increased when combined vaccination of rVSV-VP1 and rVSV-HSP70 was used. Collectively, these data indicate that (i) insertion of an additional gene (HSP70 or Luc) into the rVSV-VP1 backbone further attenuates the VSV-based vaccine in vitro and in vivo, thus improving the safety of the vaccine candidate, and (ii) HSP70 enhances the human NoV-specific mucosal and T cell immunities triggered by a VSV-based human NoV vaccine. IMPORTANCE Human norovirus (NoV) is responsible for more than 95% of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Currently, there is no vaccine for this virus. Development of a live attenuated vaccine for human NoV has not been possible because it is uncultivable. Thus, a live vector-based vaccine may provide an alternative vaccine strategy. In this study, we developed a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based human NoV vaccine candidate. We constructed rVSV-HSP70-VP1, coexpressing heat shock protein (HSP70) and capsid (VP1) genes of human NoV, and rVSV-Luc-VP1, coexpressing firefly luciferase (Luc) and VP1 genes. We found that VSVs with a double gene insertion were significantly more attenuated than VSV with a single VP1 insertion (rVSV-VP1). Furthermore, we found that coexpression or coadministration of HSP70 from VSV vector significantly enhanced human NoV-specific mucosal immunity. Collectively, we developed an improved live vectored vaccine candidate for human NoV which will be useful for future clinical studies.
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