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Tong Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chi X, Zhu C, Yin R, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhao C, Jia R. Effects of dietary supplementation of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 expressing VP28 protein on survival and histopathology after WSSV infection in Macrobrachium nipponense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108865. [PMID: 37277048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp are especially susceptible to the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). Oral administration of the WSSV envelop protein VP28 is a promising approach to protect shrimp against WSSV. In this study, Macrobrachium nipponense (M. nipponense) were fed for 7 days with food supplemented with Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Ana7120) expressing VP28 and then challenged with WSSV. The survival rates of M. nipponense in three groups, including control, WSSV-challenged, and VP28-vaccinated, were subsequently determined. We also determined the WSSV content of different tissues and the tissue morphology in the absence of and after viral challenge. The survival rate of the positive control group (no vaccination and challenge, 10%) and empty vector group (fed with Ana7120 pRL-489 algae and challenged, 13.3%) was much lower than the survival rate of M. nipponense in wild type group (fed with Ana7120 and challenged, 18.9%), immunity group 1 (fed with 3.33% Ana7120 pRL-489-vp28 and challenged, 45.6%) or immunity group 2 (fed with 6.66% Ana7120 pRL-489-vp28 and challenged, 62.2%). RT-qPCR showed that WSSV content of the gill, hepatopancreas and muscle of immunity groups 1 and 2 were substantially lower than the positive control. Microscopic examination revealed that WSSV-challenged positive control exhibited large number of cell rupture, necrosis, nuclear exfoliation in gills and hepatopancreatic tissues. The gill and hepatopancreas of immunity group 1 showed partial symptoms of infection, yet the tissue was visibly healthier than that of the positive control group. No symptoms were visible in the gills and hepatopancreatic tissue of immunity group 2. The results demonstrate that the probability of M. nipponense infected by WSSV can be diminished by oral administration of cyanobacteria-expressed VP28. Such an approach could improve the disease resistance and delay the death of M. nipponense in the commercial production of this shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Tong
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jia Yang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaoping Chi
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Chan Zhu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Rong Yin
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yaru Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Rui Jia
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Diwan AD, Harke SN, Panche AN. Application of proteomics in shrimp and shrimp aquaculture. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 43:101015. [PMID: 35870418 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since proteins play an important role in the life of an organism, many researchers are now looking at how genes and proteins interact to form different proteins. It is anticipated that the creation of adequate tools for rapid analysis of proteins will accelerate the determination of functional aspects of these biomolecules and develop new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Though shrimp contains high-quality marine proteins, there are reports about the heavy losses to the shrimp industry due to the poor quality of shrimp production and many times due to mass mortality also. Frequent outbreaks of diseases, water pollution, and quality of feed are some of the most recognized reasons for such losses. In the seafood export market, shrimp occupies the top position in currency earnings and strengthens the economy of many developing nations. Therefore, it is vital for shrimp-producing companies they produce healthy shrimp with high-quality protein. Though aquaculture is a very competitive market, global awareness regarding the use of scientific knowledge and emerging technologies to obtain better-farmed organisms through sustainable production has enhanced the importance of proteomics in seafood biology research. Proteomics, as a powerful tool, has therefore been increasingly used to address several issues in shrimp aquaculture. In the present paper, efforts have been made to address some of them, particularly the role of proteomics in reproduction, breeding and spawning, immunological responses and disease resistance capacity, nutrition and health, microbiome and probiotics, quality and safety of shrimp production, bioinformatics applications in proteomics, the discovery of protein biomarkers, and mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. Future challenges and research directions on proteomics in shrimp aquaculture have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Diwan
- MGM Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission University N-6, CIDCO, Aurangabad-431003, Maharashtra, India.
| | - S N Harke
- MGM Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission University N-6, CIDCO, Aurangabad-431003, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Archana N Panche
- Novo Nordisk Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, B220 Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Coombs KM. Update on Proteomic approaches to uncovering virus-induced protein alterations and virus -host protein interactions during the progression of viral infection. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:513-532. [PMID: 32910682 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1821656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viruses induce profound changes in the cells they infect. Understanding these perturbations will assist in designing better therapeutics to combat viral infection. System-based proteomic assays now provide unprecedented opportunity to monitor large numbers of cellular proteins. AREAS COVERED This review will describe various quantitative and functional mass spectrometry-based methods, and complementary non-mass spectrometry-based methods, such as aptamer profiling and proximity extension assays, and examples of how each are used to delineate how viruses affect host cells, identify which viral proteins interact with which cellular proteins, and how these change during the course of a viral infection. PubMed was searched multiple times prior to manuscript submissions and revisions, using virus, viral, proteomics; in combination with each keyword. The most recent examples of published works from each search were then analyzed. EXPERT OPINION There has been exponential growth in numbers and types of proteomic analyses in recent years. Continued development of reagents that allow increased multiplexing and deeper proteomic probing of the cell, at quantitative and functional levels, enhancements that target more important protein modifications, and improved bioinformatics software tools and pathway prediction algorithms will accelerate this growth and usher in a new era of host proteome understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Coombs
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Manitoba Institute of Child Health , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Havanapan PO, Mangkalanan S, Phungthanom N, Krittanai C. Proteomic analysis and white spot syndrome virus interaction of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) revealed responsive roles of the hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:458-467. [PMID: 30954523 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
White spot disease (WSD) is a highly virulent viral disease in shrimps. Clinical signs and high mortality of WSD is generally observed after a few days of infection by White Spot Syndrome virus (WSSV). Mud crabs are the major carrier and persistent host for the WSSV. However, an elucidation of viral interaction and persistent mode of WSSV infection in mud crab is still limited. We investigated the defensive role of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) hemocytes against WSSV infection by using comparative proteomic analysis coupled with electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-LC/MS/MS). The proteomic maps of expressed proteins obtained from WSSV infected hemocytes revealed differential proteins related to various biological functions, including immune response, anti-apoptosis, endocytosis, phosphorylation signaling, stress response, oxygen transport, molting, metabolism, and biosynthesis. Four distinctive cell types of crab hemocytes: hyaline cells (HC), small granular cells (SGC), large granular cells (LGC) and mixed granular cells (MGC) were found susceptible to WSSV. However, immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated a complete replication of WSSV only in SGC and LGC. WSSV induced apoptosis was also observed in HC, SGC and MGC except for LGC. These results suggested that HC and MGC may undergo apoptosis prior to a complete assembly of virion, while SGC is more susceptible showing higher amplification and releasing of virion. In contrast, WSSV may inhibit apoptosis in infected LGC to stay in latency. This present finding provides an insight for the responsive roles of crustacean hemocyte cells involved in molecular interaction and defense mechanism against WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phattara-Orn Havanapan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Seksan Mangkalanan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Nuanwan Phungthanom
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chartchai Krittanai
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
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Guppy JL, Jones DB, Jerry DR, Wade NM, Raadsma HW, Huerlimann R, Zenger KR. The State of " Omics" Research for Farmed Penaeids: Advances in Research and Impediments to Industry Utilization. Front Genet 2018; 9:282. [PMID: 30123237 PMCID: PMC6085479 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the underlying genetic drivers of production traits in agricultural and aquaculture species is critical to efforts to maximize farming efficiency. "Omics" based methods (i.e., transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) are increasingly being applied to gain unprecedented insight into the biology of many aquaculture species. While the culture of penaeid shrimp has increased markedly, the industry continues to be impeded in many regards by disease, reproductive dysfunction, and a poor understanding of production traits. Extensive effort has been, and continues to be, applied to develop critical genomic resources for many commercially important penaeids. However, the industry application of these genomic resources, and the translation of the knowledge derived from "omics" studies has not yet been completely realized. Integration between the multiple "omics" resources now available (i.e., genome assemblies, transcriptomes, linkage maps, optical maps, and proteomes) will prove critical to unlocking the full utility of these otherwise independently developed and isolated resources. Furthermore, emerging "omics" based techniques are now available to address longstanding issues with completing keystone genome assemblies (e.g., through long-read sequencing), and can provide cost-effective industrial scale genotyping tools (e.g., through low density SNP chips and genotype-by-sequencing) to undertake advanced selective breeding programs (i.e., genomic selection) and powerful genome-wide association studies. In particular, this review highlights the status, utility and suggested path forward for continued development, and improved use of "omics" resources in penaeid aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod L. Guppy
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - David B. Jones
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Dean R. Jerry
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas M. Wade
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Aquaculture Program, CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Herman W. Raadsma
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Kyall R. Zenger
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Atzrodt J, Derdau V, Kerr WJ, Reid M. Deuterium- und tritiummarkierte Verbindungen: Anwendungen in den modernen Biowissenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Atzrodt
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry; Industriepark Höchst, G876 65926 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - Volker Derdau
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry; Industriepark Höchst, G876 65926 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - William J. Kerr
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL Großbritannien
| | - Marc Reid
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL Großbritannien
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Atzrodt J, Derdau V, Kerr WJ, Reid M. Deuterium- and Tritium-Labelled Compounds: Applications in the Life Sciences. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1758-1784. [PMID: 28815899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen isotopes are unique tools for identifying and understanding biological and chemical processes. Hydrogen isotope labelling allows for the traceless and direct incorporation of an additional mass or radioactive tag into an organic molecule with almost no changes in its chemical structure, physical properties, or biological activity. Using deuterium-labelled isotopologues to study the unique mass-spectrometric patterns generated from mixtures of biologically relevant molecules drastically simplifies analysis. Such methods are now providing unprecedented levels of insight in a wide and continuously growing range of applications in the life sciences and beyond. Tritium (3 H), in particular, has seen an increase in utilization, especially in pharmaceutical drug discovery. The efforts and costs associated with the synthesis of labelled compounds are more than compensated for by the enhanced molecular sensitivity during analysis and the high reliability of the data obtained. In this Review, advances in the application of hydrogen isotopes in the life sciences are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Atzrodt
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Derdau
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - William J Kerr
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Marc Reid
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1XL, UK
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Monica M, Priyanka T, Akshaya M, Rajeswari V, Sivakumar L, Somasundaram ST, Shenbhagarathai R. The efficacy of Poly-β-Hydroxy Butyrate (PHB)/biosurfactant derived from Staphylococcus hominis against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Penaeus monodon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:399-410. [PMID: 29032039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is one of the most important causative agents of Penaeid shrimps diseases that incur heavy losses to the shrimp aquaculture. It has severe impact on the sustainability and the production of Penaeus monodon. Hence, the present study focussed on the investigation of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate/biosurfactant as immunostimulants against WSSV infected shrimps. Infection of WSSV was periodically checked in all the experimental shrimps using PCR diagnostic kit. After ensuring all shrimps were free of viral infection, experiments were carried out to analyze the nonspecific immune responses (prophenol oxidase, nitro blue tetrazolium reduction assay and total haemocyte count) both in control and experimental group. Further, gills and muscles of Penaeus monodon were subjected to proteome analysis after treated it with PHB/biosurfactant independently in the concentration of 2% and 5% each. Increase in the level of haemocytes was observed in both PHB (26 ± 2 × 10⁴ cells)/biosurfactant (28 ± 2 × 104 cells) treated shrimps, when compared with control (17 ± 2 × 10⁴ cells). proPhenolOxidase (proPO) activity was also enhanced in treated groups compared to WSSV infected shrimps. Less production of superoxide anion was observed in control and treated groups. Differences in the protein expression was analyzed in muscle tissue of control, WSSV infected and PHB/biosurfactant treated shrimps. Our finding suggested that partial substitution of feed with 2% PHB and biosurfactant showed increased rate on the survival of WSSV infected P. monodon which might be due to either the over expression/down regulation of proteins that play a vital role in enhancing the immune system/the progression of the disease respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monica
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - T Priyanka
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Murugesan Akshaya
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - V Rajeswari
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Lingappa Sivakumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608502, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - S T Somasundaram
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608502, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - R Shenbhagarathai
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
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Hou L, Xiu Y, Wang J, Liu X, Liu Y, Gu W, Wang W, Meng Q. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes during Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. J Proteomics 2015; 136:112-22. [PMID: 26746008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Spiroplasma eriocheiris, as a novel aquaculture pathogen, has led into catastrophic economic losses in aquaculture. The Macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes were major target cells in S. eriocheiris infection. Our study was designed to examine the hemocytes' immune response at the protein levels. The differential proteomes of the prawn hemocytes were analyzed immediately prior to injection with the pathogen, and at 192h post-injection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (iTRAQ) labeling, followed by liquid chromatogramphytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 69 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Forty-nine proteins were up-regulated and 20 proteins were down-regulated resulting from a S. eriocheiris infection. Up-regulated proteins included vertebrate gliacolin-like protein, vitellogenin, Gram-negative binding protein 1, alpha2 macroglobulin isoform 2 (a2M), etc. Down-regulated proteins, involved with beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein (BGBP), immunoglobulin like, Rab7, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan (LGBP), actin-related protein, etc. Selected bioactive factors (tachylectin, α2M and vitellogenin, BGBP, C-type lectin, LGBP and Rab7) were verified by their immune roles in the S. eriocheiris infection using real-time PCR. The present work could serve as a basis for future studies on the proteins implicated in the susceptibility/resistance of M. rosenbergii to S. eriocheiris, as well as contribute to our understanding of disease processes in prawns. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This is the first time using an iTRAQ approach to analyze proteomes of M. rosenbergii mobilized against S. eriocheiris infection and substantiated the hemocytes' proteomic changes in M. rosenbergii using an infection model. The results reported here can provide a significant step forward toward a more complete elucidation of the immune relationship between M. rosenbergii and the pathogen S. eriocheiris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yunji Xiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
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10
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Krishnamurthy P, Tan XF, Lim TK, Lim TM, Kumar PP, Loh CS, Lin Q. Proteomic analysis of plasma membrane and tonoplast from the leaves of mangrove plant Avicennia officinalis. Proteomics 2015; 14:2545-57. [PMID: 25236605 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to understand the salt tolerance and secretion in mangrove plant species, gel electrophoresis coupled with LC-MS-based proteomics was used to identify key transport proteins in the plasma membrane (PM) and tonoplast fractions of Avicennia officinalis leaves. PM and tonoplast proteins were purified using two-aqueous-phase partitioning and density gradient centrifugation, respectively. Forty of the 254 PM proteins and 31 of the 165 tonoplast proteins identified were predicted to have transmembrane domains. About 95% of the identified proteins could be classified based on their functions. The major classes of proteins were predicted to be involved in transport, metabolic processes, defense/stress response, and signal transduction, while a few of the proteins were predicted to be involved in other functions such as membrane trafficking. The main classes of transporter proteins identified included H(+) -ATPases, ATP-binding cassette transporters, and aquaporins, all of which could play a role in salt secretion. These data will serve as the baseline membrane proteomic dataset for Avicennia species. Further, this information can contribute to future studies on understanding the mechanism of salt tolerance in halophytes in addition to salt secretion in mangroves. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000837 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD000837).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Chahrour O, Cobice D, Malone J. Stable isotope labelling methods in mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 113:2-20. [PMID: 25956803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass-spectrometry based proteomics has evolved as a promising technology over the last decade and is undergoing a dramatic development in a number of different areas, such as; mass spectrometric instrumentation, peptide identification algorithms and bioinformatic computational data analysis. The improved methodology allows quantitative measurement of relative or absolute protein amounts, which is essential for gaining insights into their functions and dynamics in biological systems. Several different strategies involving stable isotopes label (ICAT, ICPL, IDBEST, iTRAQ, TMT, IPTL, SILAC), label-free statistical assessment approaches (MRM, SWATH) and absolute quantification methods (AQUA) are possible, each having specific strengths and weaknesses. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which is still widely recognised as elemental detector, has recently emerged as a complementary technique to the previous methods. The new application area for ICP-MS is targeting the fast growing field of proteomics related research, allowing absolute protein quantification using suitable elemental based tags. This document describes the different stable isotope labelling methods which incorporate metabolic labelling in live cells, ICP-MS based detection and post-harvest chemical label tagging for protein quantification, in addition to summarising their pros and cons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Cobice
- Spectroscopy Group, Analytical Services, Almac, UK
| | - John Malone
- Spectroscopy Group, Analytical Services, Almac, UK
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12
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Biradar V, Narwade S, Paingankar M, Deobagkar D. White Spot Syndrome Virus infection in Penaeus monodon is facilitated by housekeeping molecules. J Biosci 2014; 38:917-24. [PMID: 24296895 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-013-9386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is a major pathogen in shrimp aquaculture, and its rampant spread has resulted in great economic loss. Identification of host cellular proteins interacting with WSSV will help in unravelling the repertoire of host proteins involved in WSSV infection. In this study, we have employed one-dimensional and two-dimension virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify the host proteins of Penaeus monodon that could interact with WSSV. The VOPBA results suggest that WSSV interacted with housekeeping proteins such as heat shock protein 70, ATP synthase subunit beta, phosphopyruvate hydratase, allergen Pen m 2, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein, actin and 14-3-3-like protein. Our findings suggest that WSSV exploits an array of housekeeping proteins for its transmission and propagation in P. monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Biradar
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre for Advance Studies, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, India
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13
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Kulkarni AD, Kiron V, Rombout JHWM, Brinchmann MF, Fernandes JMO, Sudheer NS, Singh BIS. Protein profiling in the gut of Penaeus monodon gavaged with oral WSSV-vaccines and live white spot syndrome virus. Proteomics 2014; 14:1660-73. [PMID: 24782450 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a pathogen that causes considerable mortality of the farmed shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Candidate 'vaccines', WSSV envelope protein VP28 and formalin-inactivated WSSV, can provide short-lived protection against the virus. In this study, P. monodon was orally intubated with the aforementioned vaccine candidates, and protein expression in the gut of immunised shrimps was profiled. The alterations in protein profiles in shrimps infected orally with live-WSSV were also examined. Seventeen of the identified proteins in the vaccine and WSSV-intubated shrimps varied significantly compared to those in the control shrimps. These proteins, classified under exoskeletal, cytoskeletal, immune-related, intracellular organelle part, intracellular calcium-binding or energy metabolism, are thought to directly or indirectly affect shrimp's immunity. The changes in the expression levels of crustacyanin, serine proteases, myosin light chain, and ER protein 57 observed in orally vaccinated shrimp may probably be linked to immunoprotective responses. On the other hand, altered expression of proteins linked to exoskeleton, calcium regulation and energy metabolism in WSSV-intubated shrimps is likely to symbolise disturbances in calcium homeostasis and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amod D Kulkarni
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, University of Nordland, Bodø, Norway
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14
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Jiang H, Li F, Zhang J, Zhang J, Huang B, Yu Y, Xiang J. Comparison of protein expression profiles of the hepatopancreas in Fenneropenaeus chinensis challenged with heat-inactivated Vibrio anguillarum and white spot syndrome virus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 16:111-123. [PMID: 24057166 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fenneropenaeus chinensis (Chinese shrimp) culture industry, like other Penaeidae culture, has been seriously affected by the shrimp diseases caused by bacteria and virus. To better understand the mechanism of immune response of shrimp to different pathogens, proteome research approach was utilized in this study. Firstly, the soluble hepatopancreas protein samples in adult Chinese shrimp among control, heat-inactivated Vibrio-challenged and white spot syndrome virus-infected groups were separated by 2-DE (pH range, 4-7; sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and pH range, 3-10; tricine-SDS-PAGE). Then the differentially expressed protein spots (≥1.5-fold or ≤0.67-fold averagely of controls) were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Using Mascot online database searching algorithm and SEQUEST searching program, 48 and 49 differentially expressed protein spots were successfully identified in response to Vibrio and white spot syndrome virus infection, respectively. Based on these results, we discussed the mechanism of immune response of the shrimp and shed light on the differences between immune response of shrimp toward Vibrio and white spot syndrome virus. This study also set a basis for further analyses of some key genes in immune response of Chinese shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
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15
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Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K, Supungul P, Tang S. Discovery of immune molecules and their crucial functions in shrimp immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 34:954-967. [PMID: 23059654 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several immune-related molecules in penaeid shrimps have been discovered, most of these via the analysis of expressed sequence tag libraries, microarray studies and proteomic approaches. These immune molecules include antimicrobial peptides, serine proteinases and inhibitors, phenoloxidases, oxidative enzymes, clottable protein, pattern recognition proteins, lectins, Toll receptors, and other humoral factors that might participate in the innate immune system of shrimps. These molecules have mainly been found in the hemolymph and hemocytes, which are the main sites where immune reactions take place, while some are found in other immune organs/tissues, such as the lymphoid organs, gills and intestines. Although the participation of some of these immune molecules in the shrimp innate immune defense against invading pathogens has been demonstrated, the functions of many molecules remain unclear. This review summarizes the current status of our knowledge concerning the discovery and functional characterization of the immune molecules in penaeid shrimps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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16
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Berard A, Kroeker AL, Coombs KM. Transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics in virology. Future Virol 2012. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Boccardi C, Rocchiccioli S, Cecchettini A, Mercatanti A, Citti L. An automated plasma protein fractionation design: high-throughput perspectives for proteomic analysis. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:612. [PMID: 23116412 PMCID: PMC3517536 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human plasma, representing the most complete record of the individual phenotype, is an appealing sample for proteomics analysis in clinical applications. Up to today, the major obstacle in a proteomics study of plasma is the large dynamic range of protein concentration and the efforts of many researchers focused on the resolution of this important drawback. Findings In this study, proteins from pooled plasma samples were fractionated according to their chemical characteristics on a home-designed SPE automated platform. The resulting fractions were digested and further resolved by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 712 proteins were successfully identified until a concentration level of ng/mL. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test reproducibility. Conclusions Our multidimensional fractionation approach reduced the analysis time (2 days are enough to process 16 plasma samples filling a 96-well plate) over the conventional gel-electrophoresis or multi-LC column based methods. The robotic processing, avoiding contaminants or lack of sample handling skill, promises highly reproducible specimen analyses (more than 85% Pearson correlation). The automated platform here presented is flexible and easily modulated changing fractioning elements or detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Boccardi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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18
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Rodrigues PM, Silva TS, Dias J, Jessen F. PROTEOMICS in aquaculture: applications and trends. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4325-45. [PMID: 22498885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last forty years global aquaculture presented a growth rate of 6.9% per annum with an amazing production of 52.5 million tonnes in 2008, and a contribution of 43% of aquatic animal food for human consumption. In order to meet the world's health requirements of fish protein, a continuous growth in production is still expected for decades to come. Aquaculture is, though, a very competitive market, and a global awareness regarding the use of scientific knowledge and emerging technologies to obtain a better farmed organism through a sustainable production has enhanced the importance of proteomics in seafood biology research. Proteomics, as a powerful comparative tool, has therefore been increasingly used over the last decade to address different questions in aquaculture, regarding welfare, nutrition, health, quality, and safety. In this paper we will give an overview of these biological questions and the role of proteomics in their investigation, outlining the advantages, disadvantages and future challenges. A brief description of the proteomics technical approaches will be presented. Special focus will be on the latest trends related to the aquaculture production of fish with defined nutritional, health or quality properties for functional foods and the integration of proteomics techniques in addressing this challenging issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve (CCMar), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Wanna W, Thipwong J, Mahakaew W, Phongdara A. Identification and expression analysis of two splice variants of the 14-3-3 epsilon from Litopenaeus Vannamei during WSSV infections. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:5487-93. [PMID: 22179749 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 epsilon (14-3-3ε) is a member of the 14-3-3-protein family claimed to play important roles in many biological processes. In this study, two alternative 14-3-3 epsilon mRNAs, designated as 14-3-3EL and 14-3-3ES were identified from the shrimp L. vannamei. The 14-3-3EL isoform contains an insertion of 48 nucleotides by intron retention in the pre-mRNA of 14-3-3ε. While the 14-3-3ES occurred after being fully spliced. Using the yeast two hybrid method, the pattern of dimer formation by the two alternative 14-3-3ε isoforms revealed that the shrimp 14-3-3ε formed both homodimers and heterodimers. Both 14-3-3ε transcript variants were constitutively expressed in all shrimp tissues tested but the level of the 14-3-3ES isoform was always lower. However, after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, the expression level of the two transcript variants changed. At 48 h after infection, expression of 14-3-3EL mRNA increased significantly in the gill and muscle tissue whereas the expression 14-3-3ES increased only in muscle. It was of interest that in the lymphoid organ, there was a significant down-expression of both transcript variants. From these results we suggest that 14-3-3EL and 14-3-3ES might be related to different cellular processes that are modulated during virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warapond Wanna
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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20
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Xing Y, Shi Z. Nucleocapsid protein VP15 of White spot syndrome virus colocalizes with the nucleolar proteins nucleolin and fibrillarin. Can J Microbiol 2011; 57:759-64. [PMID: 21861764 DOI: 10.1139/w11-061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The core nucleocapsid protein VP15 of White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was shown to interact with DNA and predicted to be involved in the packaging of the WSSV genome. In the present study, we explored the colocalization of VP15 with several nuclear proteins in insect cells. The results showed that the VP15 completely colocalized with nucleolin and fibrillarin, suggesting that VP15 is a nucleolar localization protein and plays an important role in the life cycle of WSSV in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
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21
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Huang XD, Zhao L, Zhang HQ, Xu XP, Jia XT, Chen YH, Wang PH, Weng SP, Yu XQ, Yin ZX, He JG. Shrimp NF-κB binds to the immediate-early gene ie1 promoter of white spot syndrome virus and upregulates its activity. Virology 2010; 406:176-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Involvement of WSSV-shrimp homologs in WSSV infectivity in kuruma shrimp: Marsupenaeus japonicus. Antiviral Res 2010; 88:217-26. [PMID: 20826185 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is pathogenic and specific to shrimp, and is capable of producing a persistent infection in the host. Moreover, shrimp are capable of persistently carrying a single or multiple viruses, allowing them to survive for long periods with latent infections. In order to identify genes that are specially involved in the intricate WSSV-shrimp association, we focused on homologs between the WSSV and shrimp genomes. We here investigated whether homologous WssvORFs (WssvORF285, WssvORF332) and their homologs in the kuruma shrimp genome (MjORF16, MjORF18) are important for WSSV infectivity by utilizing dsRNA-mediated RNA interference, and further proposed potential roles of homologous WssvORFs associated with the persistent viral infection stage. Homologous MjORFs were found to be highly up-regulated in several tested tissues upon WSSV infection. Injection of dsRNAs specific to homologous MjORFs, followed by WSSV challenge, led to reduced and delayed shrimp mortality when compared to that of shrimp without dsRNA injection. Silencing of homologous WssvORFs by specific dsRNAs sharply increased shrimp survival. WssvORF332 may function as a latency gene especially associated with the persistent WSSV infection stage while WssvORF285 may be classified into the same group as WssvVP28 and may play a role in virus penetration during the infection. Our results suggest that WSSV-shrimp homologs are involved in WSSV infectivity and support the hypothesis that homologous WssvORFs are related to WSSV latency and pathogenesis.
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Somboonwiwat K, Chaikeeratisak V, Wang HC, Fang Lo C, Tassanakajon A. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in Penaeus monodon hemocytes after Vibrio harveyi infection. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:39. [PMID: 20626881 PMCID: PMC2915975 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viral and bacterial diseases can cause mass mortalities in commercial shrimp aquaculture. In contrast to studies on the antiviral response, the responses of shrimps to bacterial infections by high throughput techniques have been reported only at the transcriptional level and not at the translational level. In this study, a proteomic analysis of shrimp hemocytes to identify differentially expressed proteins in response to a luminous bacterium Vibrio harveyi was evaluated for its feasibility and is reported for the first time. Results The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) patterns of the hemocyte proteins from the unchallenged and V. harveyi challenged shrimp, Penaeus monodon, at 24 and 48 h post infection were compared. From this, 27 differentially expressed protein spots, and a further 12 weakly to non-differentially regulated control spots, were selected for further analyses by the LC-ESI-MS/MS. The 21 differentially expressed proteins that could be identified by homologous annotation were comprised of proteins that are directly involved in the host defense responses, such as hemocyanin, prophenoloxidase, serine proteinase-like protein, heat shock protein 90 and alpha-2-macroglobulin, and those involved in signal transduction, such as the14-3-3 protein epsilon and calmodulin. Western blot analysis confirmed the up-regulation of hemocyanin expression upon bacterial infection. The expression of the selected proteins which were the representatives of the down-regulated proteins (the 14-3-3 protein epsilon and alpha-2-macroglobulin) and of the up-regulated proteins (hemocyanin) was further assessed at the transcription level using real-time RT-PCR. Conclusions This work suggests the usefulness of a proteomic approach to the study of shrimp immunity and revealed hemocyte proteins whose expression were up regulated upon V. harveyi infection such as hemocyanin, arginine kinase and down regulated such as alpha-2-macroglobulin, calmodulin and 14-3-3 protein epsilon. The information is useful for understanding the immune system of shrimp against pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Ye Y, Mar EC, Tong S, Sammons S, Fang S, Anderson LJ, Wang D. Application of proteomics methods for pathogen discovery. J Virol Methods 2009; 163:87-95. [PMID: 19751767 PMCID: PMC7119679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Revised: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics have been used widely to study proteins in complex materials such as cells, body fluids, tissues, and organisms. Application of advance proteomic techniques for the characterization of disease-specific proteins may provide information for the detection of potential infectious agents. In this report, two proteomics techniques, a two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and a one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and one-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS), were applied for investigating viral proteins from cultured cells inoculated with a clinical sample. The 2D-DIGE method identified five viral proteins of vaccinia virus that are only present in infected cells, these results are in agreement with findings determined by genome based methods. The GeLC-MS/MS method identified eight vaccinia virus proteins out of 428 proteins detected in the sample. These results demonstrate that proteomic techniques can be used effectively for the detection of infectious agents. Given that the methods are capable of applying to proteins without a prior knowledge of the pathogen present, proteomics has a potential of being developed as a molecular tool for pathogen discovery, and disease diagnosis of emerging infectious diseases and for bioterrorism defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ye
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eng-Chun Mar
- Division of Viral Diseases, NCIRD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Suxiang Tong
- Division of Viral Diseases, NCIRD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +1 770 488 0446; fax: +1 404 639 1331.
| | - Scott Sammons
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sunan Fang
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Larry J. Anderson
- Division of Viral Diseases, NCIRD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dongxia Wang
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +1 770 488 0446; fax: +1 404 639 1331.
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Application of the SILAC (stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture) technique in quantitative comparisons for tissue proteome expression. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2009; 54:11-20. [DOI: 10.1042/ba20090007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Li F, Li M, Ke W, Ji Y, Bian X, Yan X. Identification of the immediate-early genes of white spot syndrome virus. Virology 2009; 385:267-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Revised: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Robalino J, Carnegie RB, O'Leary N, Ouvry-Patat SA, de la Vega E, Prior S, Gross PS, Browdy CL, Chapman RW, Schey KL, Warr G. Contributions of functional genomics and proteomics to the study of immune responses in the Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 128:110-8. [PMID: 19070907 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The need for better control of infectious diseases in shrimp aquaculture and the ecological importance of crustacea in marine ecosystems have prompted interest in the study of crustacean immune systems, particularly those of shrimp. As shrimp and other crustacea are poorly understood from the immunological point of view, functional genomic and proteomic approaches have been applied as a means of quickly obtaining molecular information regarding immune responses in these organisms. In this article, a series of results derived from transcriptomic and proteomic studies in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) are discussed. Expressed Sequence Tag analysis, differential expression cloning through Suppression Subtractive Hybridization, expression profiling using microarrays, and proteomic studies using mass spectrometry, have provided a wealth of useful data and opportunities for new avenues of research. Examples of new research directions arising from these studies in shrimp include the molecular diversity of antimicrobial effectors, the role of double stranded RNA as an inducer of antiviral immunity, and the possible overlap between antibacterial and antiviral responses in the shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Robalino
- Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, United States
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