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Imai M, Watanabe T, Kiso M, Nakajima N, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Hatta M, Yamada S, Ito M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Shirakura M, Takashita E, Fujisaki S, McBride R, Thompson AJ, Takahashi K, Maemura T, Mitake H, Chiba S, Zhong G, Fan S, Oishi K, Yasuhara A, Takada K, Nakao T, Fukuyama S, Yamashita M, Lopes TJS, Neumann G, Odagiri T, Watanabe S, Shu Y, Paulson JC, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. A Highly Pathogenic Avian H7N9 Influenza Virus Isolated from A Human Is Lethal in Some Ferrets Infected via Respiratory Droplets. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 22:615-626.e8. [PMID: 29056430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low pathogenic H7N9 influenza viruses have recently evolved to become highly pathogenic, raising concerns of a pandemic, particularly if these viruses acquire efficient human-to-human transmissibility. We compared a low pathogenic H7N9 virus with a highly pathogenic isolate, and two of its variants that represent neuraminidase inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant subpopulations detected within the isolate. The highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses replicated efficiently in mice, ferrets, and/or nonhuman primates, and were more pathogenic in mice and ferrets than the low pathogenic H7N9 virus, with the exception of the neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant virus, which showed mild-to-moderate attenuation. All viruses transmitted among ferrets via respiratory droplets, and the neuraminidase-sensitive variant killed several of the infected and exposed animals. Neuraminidase inhibitors showed limited effectiveness against these viruses in vivo, but the viruses were susceptible to a polymerase inhibitor. These results suggest that the highly pathogenic H7N9 virus has pandemic potential and should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masato Hatta
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shirakura
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Emi Takashita
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Fujisaki
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Ryan McBride
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenta Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Mitake
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Gongxun Zhong
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Shufang Fan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Kohei Oishi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakao
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukuyama
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tiago J S Lopes
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Gabriele Neumann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Takato Odagiri
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - James C Paulson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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Park S, Il Kim J, Lee I, Bae JY, Yoo K, Nam M, Kim J, Sook Park M, Song KJ, Song JW, Kee SH, Park MS. Adaptive mutations of neuraminidase stalk truncation and deglycosylation confer enhanced pathogenicity of influenza A viruses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10928. [PMID: 28883554 PMCID: PMC5589767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been noticed that neuraminidase (NA) stalk truncation has arisen from evolutionary adaptation of avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry. We identified this molecular alteration after the adaptation of a 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1) in BALB/c mice. The mouse-adapted pH1N1 lost its eight consecutive amino acids including one potential N-linked glycosite from the NA stalk region. To explore the relationship of NA stalk truncation or deglycosylation with viral pathogenicity changes, we generated NA stalk mutant viruses on the pH1N1 backbone by reverse genetics. Intriguingly, either NA stalk truncation or deglycosylation changed pH1N1 into a lethal virus to mice by resulting in extensive pathologic transformation in the mouse lungs and systemic infection affecting beyond the respiratory organs in mice. The increased pathogenicity of these NA stalk mutants was also reproduced in ferrets. In further investigation using a human-infecting H7N9 avian IAV strain, NA stalk truncation or deglycosylation enhanced the replication property and pathogenicity of H7N9 NA stalk mutant viruses in the same mouse model. Taken together, our results suggest that NA stalk truncation or deglycosylation can be the pathogenic determinants of seasonal influenza viruses associated with the evolutionary adaptation of IAVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehee Park
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseob Lee
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kirim Yoo
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Nam
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Sook Park
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Joon Song
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ho Kee
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Yu Y, Zhang Z, Li H, Wang X, Li B, Ren X, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Liu S, Hu P, Qi W, Liao M. Biological Characterizations of H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses Embodying Different Neuraminidases. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1084. [PMID: 28659898 PMCID: PMC5469879 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The H5 subtype virus of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus has caused huge economic losses to the poultry industry and is a threat to human health. Until 2010, H5N1 subtype virus was the major genotype in China. Since 2011, reassortant H5N2, H5N6, and H5N8 viruses were identified in domestic poultry in China. The clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 and H5N8 AIV has now spread to most of China. Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 virus has caused 17 human deaths. However, the prevalence, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of the distinct NA reassortment with H5 subtypes viruses (H5Nx) is unknown. We constructed five clade 2.3.4.4 reassortant H5Nx viruses that shared the same HA and six internal gene segments. The NA gene segment was replaced with N1, N2, N6, ΔN6 (with an 11 amino acid deletion at the 58th to 68th of NA stalk region), and N8 strains, respectively. The reassortant viruses with distinct NAs of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 subtype had different degrees of fitness. All reassortant H5Nx viruses formed plaques on MDCK cell monolayers, but the ΔH5N6 grew more efficiently in mammalian and avian cells. The reassortant H5Nx viruses were more virulent in mice as compared to the H5N2 virus. The H5N6 and H5N8 reassortant viruses exhibited enhanced pathogenicity and transmissibility in chickens as compared to the H5N1 reassortant virus. We suggest that comprehensive surveillance work should be undertaken to monitor the H5Nx viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandi Yu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zaoyue Zhang
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Huanan Li
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Ren
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyong Zeng
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Shukai Liu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Pingsheng Hu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wenbao Qi
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liao
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou, China
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