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Hadpech S, Thongboonkerd V. Proteomic investigations of dengue virus infection: key discoveries over the last 10 years. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39049185 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2383580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains one of the most significant infectious diseases in humans. Several efforts have been made to address its molecular mechanisms. Over the last 10 years, proteomics has been widely applied to investigate various aspects of DENV infection. AREAS COVERED In this review, we briefly introduce common proteomics approaches using various mass spectrometric modalities followed by summarizing all the discoveries obtained from proteomic investigations of DENV infection over the last 10 years. These include the data on DENV-vector interactions and host responses to address the DENV biology and disease mechanisms. Moreover, applications of proteomics to disease prevention, diagnosis, vaccine design, development of anti-DENV agents and other new treatment strategies are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Despite efforts on disease prevention, DENV infection is still a significant global healthcare burden that affects the general population. As summarized herein, proteomic technologies with high-throughput capabilities have provided more in-depth details of protein dynamics during DENV infection. More extensive applications of proteomics and other powerful research tools would provide a promise to better cope and prevent this mosquito-borne infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Hadpech
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Zarate-Sanchez E, George SC, Moya ML, Robertson C. Vascular dysfunction in hemorrhagic viral fevers: opportunities for organotypic modeling. Biofabrication 2024; 16:032008. [PMID: 38749416 PMCID: PMC11151171 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad4c0b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) cause severe or fatal infections in humans. Named after their common symptom hemorrhage, these viruses induce significant vascular dysfunction by affecting endothelial cells, altering immunity, and disrupting the clotting system. Despite advances in treatments, such as cytokine blocking therapies, disease modifying treatment for this class of pathogen remains elusive. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of these infections could provide new avenues to treatment. While animal models and traditional 2D cell cultures have contributed insight into the mechanisms by which these pathogens affect the vasculature, these models fall short in replicatingin vivohuman vascular dynamics. The emergence of microphysiological systems (MPSs) offers promising avenues for modeling these complex interactions. These MPS or 'organ-on-chip' models present opportunities to better mimic human vascular responses and thus aid in treatment development. In this review, we explore the impact of HFV on the vasculature by causing endothelial dysfunction, blood clotting irregularities, and immune dysregulation. We highlight how existing MPS have elucidated features of HFV pathogenesis as well as discuss existing knowledge gaps and the challenges in modeling these interactions using MPS. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of vascular dysfunction caused by HFV is crucial in developing therapies not only for these infections, but also for other vasculotropic conditions like sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Zarate-Sanchez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven C George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Monica L Moya
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Claire Robertson
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Davis, CA, United States of America
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3
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Ghorai T, Sarkar A, Roy A, Bhowmick B, Nayak D, Das S. Role of auto-antibodies in the mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis and its progression: a comprehensive review. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:214. [PMID: 38616229 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A complex interaction among virulence factors, host-genes and host immune system is considered to be responsible for dengue virus (DENV) infection and disease progression. Generation of auto-antibodies during DENV infection is a major phenomenon that plays a role in the pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Hemostasis, thrombocytopenia, hepatic endothelial dysfunction, and autoimmune blistering skin disease (pemphigus) are different clinical manifestations of dengue pathogenesis; produced due to the molecular mimicry of DENV proteins with self-antigens like coagulation factors, platelets and endothelial cell proteins. This review elaborately describes the current advancements in auto-antibody-mediated immunopathogenesis which inhibits coagulation cascade and promotes hyperfibrinolysis. Auto-antibodies like anti-endothelial cell antibodies-mediated hepatic inflammation during severe DENV infection have also been discussed. Overall, this comprehensive review provides insight to target auto-antibodies that may act as potential biomarkers for disease severity, and a ground for the development of therapeutic strategy against DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanusree Ghorai
- Virology Laboratory, DAC Regional Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Avipsha Sarkar
- Virology Laboratory, DAC Regional Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Virology Laboratory, DAC Regional Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Bijita Bhowmick
- Virology Laboratory, DAC Regional Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Satadal Das
- Virology Laboratory, DAC Regional Research Institute, Kolkata, India.
- Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Centre, Kolkata, India.
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4
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Banik M, Paudel KR, Majumder R, Idrees S. Prediction of virus-host interactions and identification of hot spot residues of DENV-2 and SH3 domain interactions. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:162. [PMID: 38483579 PMCID: PMC10940428 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Dengue virus, particularly serotype 2 (DENV-2), poses a significant global health threat, and understanding the molecular basis of its interactions with host cell proteins is imperative for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. This study elucidated the interactions between proline-enriched motifs and Src homology 3 (SH3) domain. The SH3 domain is pivotal in mediating protein-protein interactions, particularly by recognizing and binding to proline-rich regions in partner proteins. Through a computational pipeline, we analyzed the interactions and binding modes of proline-enriched motifs with SH3 domains, identified new potential DENV-2 interactions with the SH3 domain, and revealed potential hot spot residues, underscoring their significance in the viral life cycle. This comprehensive analysis provides crucial insights into the molecular basis of DENV-2 infection, highlighting conserved and serotype-specific interactions. The identified hot spot residues offer potential targets for therapeutic intervention, laying the foundation for developing antiviral strategies against Dengue virus infection. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of viral-host interactions and provide a roadmap for future research on Dengue virus pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithila Banik
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajib Majumder
- Applied Bioscience, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sobia Idrees
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Malnero CM, Azevedo RC, Bergmann IE, de Meneses MDF, Cavalcanti AC, Ibáñez LI, Malirat V. Expression of recombinant dengue virus type 1 non-structural protein 1 in mammalian cells and preliminary assessment of its suitability to detect human IgG antibodies elicited by viral infection. J Immunol Methods 2023; 518:113503. [PMID: 37263391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years dengue has become a rapidly growing public health problem worldwide, however, the availability of accurate and affordable diagnostic immunoassays is limited, partly due to the difficulty of producing large quantities of purified antigen. Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) has shown to be a good candidate for inclusion in diagnostic assays and for serosurveys, particularly in endemic countries as a prerequisite for vaccination. In this work the NS1 antigen derived from dengue virus type-1 (DENV1) was expressed in HEK293-T cells and purified by affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein was recovered properly folded as dimers, highly purified and with good yield (1.5 mg/L). It was applied as a serological probe in an indirect ELISA developed in this work to detect human IgG antibodies. Preliminary comparative performance values of 81.1% sensitivity and 83.0% specificity of the developed and preliminary validated iELISA, relative to a commercial kit were obtained, suggesting that the purified recombinant DENV1 NS1 antigen is suitable to detect IgG antibodies, indicative of past DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Miguel Malnero
- Centro de Virología Humana y Animal (CEVHAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires C1287, Argentina
| | - Renata Campos Azevedo
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Evelyn Bergmann
- Centro de Virología Humana y Animal (CEVHAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires C1287, Argentina
| | | | - Andrea Cony Cavalcanti
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Central Laboratory of Public Health Noel Nutels (LACEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lorena Itatí Ibáñez
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Viviana Malirat
- Centro de Virología Humana y Animal (CEVHAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), Buenos Aires C1287, Argentina.
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Gaspar-Castillo C, Rodríguez MH, Ortiz-Navarrete V, Alpuche-Aranda CM, Martinez-Barnetche J. Structural and immunological basis of cross-reactivity between dengue and Zika infections: Implications in serosurveillance in endemic regions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1107496. [PMID: 37007463 PMCID: PMC10063793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1107496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue and Zika are arthropod-borne viral diseases present in more than 100 countries around the world. In the past decade, Zika emerged causing widespread outbreaks in new regions, where dengue has been endemic-epidemic for a long period. The wide and extensive dissemination of the mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti, and Ae. albopictus, favor the co-existence of both infections in the same regions. Together with an important proportion of asymptomatic infections, similar clinical manifestations, and a short time window for acute infection confirmatory tests, it is difficult to differentially estimate both dengue and Zika incidence and prevalence. DENV and ZIKV flavivirus share high structural similarity, inducing a cross-reactive immune response that leads to false positives in serological tests particularly in secondary infections. This results in overestimation of recent Zika outbreaks seroprevalence in dengue endemic regions. In this review, we address the biological basis underlying DENV and ZIKV structural homology; the structural and cellular basis of immunological cross reactivity; and the resulting difficulties in measuring dengue and Zika seroprevalence. Finally, we offer a perspective about the need for more research to improve serological tests performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gaspar-Castillo
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mario H. Rodríguez
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Celia M. Alpuche-Aranda
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Celia M. Alpuche-Aranda,
| | - Jesus Martinez-Barnetche
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Jesus Martinez-Barnetche,
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Shih HI, Chi CY, Tsai PF, Wang YP, Chien YW. Re-examination of the risk of autoimmune diseases after dengue virus infection: A population-based cohort study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011127. [PMID: 36881559 PMCID: PMC9990932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that dengue was associated with an increased risk of several autoimmune diseases. However, this association still needs to be explored due to the limitations of these studies. A population-based cohort study was conducted using national health databases in Taiwan and included 63,814 newly diagnosed, laboratory-confirmed dengue patients between 2002 and 2015 and 1:4 controls (n = 255,256) matched by age, sex, area of residence and symptom onset time. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the risk of autoimmune diseases after dengue infection. Dengue patients had a slightly higher risk of overall autoimmune diseases than non-dengue controls (aHR 1.16; P = 0.0002). Stratified analyses by specific autoimmune diseases showed that only autoimmune encephalomyelitis remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (aHR 2.72; P < 0.0001). Sixteen (0.025%) dengue patients and no (0%) controls developed autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the first month of follow-up (HR >9999, P < 0.0001), but the risk between groups was not significantly different thereafter. Contrary to previous studies, our findings showed that dengue was associated with an increased short-term risk of a rare complication, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, but not associated with other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Shih
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chi
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Tsai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chien
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Dengue Vaccines: An Update. BioDrugs 2022; 36:325-336. [PMID: 35608749 PMCID: PMC9127483 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-022-00531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne diseases in the world, affecting an estimated 390 million people each year, according to models. For the last two decades, efforts to develop safe and effective vaccines to prevent dengue virus (DENV) infections have faced several challenges, mostly related to the complexity of conducting long-term studies to evaluate vaccine efficacy and safety to rule out the risk of vaccine-induced DHS/DSS, particularly in children. At least seven DENV vaccines have undergone different phases of clinical trials; however, only three of them (Dengvaxia®, TV003, and TAK-003) have showed promising results, and are addressed in detail in this review in terms of their molecular design, efficacy, and immunogenicity. Safety-related challenges during DENV vaccine development are also discussed.
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9
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An H, Eun M, Yi J, Park J. CRESSP: a comprehensive pipeline for prediction of immunopathogenic SARS-CoV-2 epitopes using structural properties of proteins. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6539139. [PMID: 35226074 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of autoimmune diseases following SARS-CoV-2 infection, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome, has been reported, and several mechanisms have been suggested, including molecular mimicry. We developed a scalable, comparative immunoinformatics pipeline called cross-reactive-epitope-search-using-structural-properties-of-proteins (CRESSP) to identify cross-reactive epitopes between a collection of SARS-CoV-2 proteomes and the human proteome using the structural properties of the proteins. Overall, by searching 4 911 245 proteins from 196 352 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, we identified 133 and 648 human proteins harboring potential cross-reactive B-cell and CD8+ T-cell epitopes, respectively. To demonstrate the robustness of our pipeline, we predicted the cross-reactive epitopes of coronavirus spike proteins, which were recognized by known cross-neutralizing antibodies. Using single-cell expression data, we identified PARP14 as a potential target of intermolecular epitope spreading between the virus and human proteins. Finally, we developed a web application (https://ahs2202.github.io/3M/) to interactively visualize our results. We also made our pipeline available as an open-source CRESSP package (https://pypi.org/project/cressp/), which can analyze any two proteomes of interest to identify potentially cross-reactive epitopes between the proteomes. Overall, our immunoinformatic resources provide a foundation for the investigation of molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases following COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsu An
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Eun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea
| | - Jawoon Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea.,Anti-Virus Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea.,Laboratory for cell mechanobiology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea
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10
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Stertz S, Hale BG. Interferon system deficiencies exacerbating severe pandemic virus infections. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:973-982. [PMID: 33757684 PMCID: PMC7980109 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pandemics are caused by novel pathogens to which pre-existing antibody immunity is lacking. Under these circumstances, the body must rely on innate interferon-mediated defenses to limit pathogen replication and allow development of critical humoral protection. Here, we highlight studies on disease susceptibility during H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemics. An emerging concept is that genetic and non-genetic deficiencies in interferon system components lead to uncontrolled virus replication and severe illness in a subset of people. Intriguingly, new findings suggest that individuals with autoantibodies neutralizing the antiviral function of interferon are at increased risk of severe COVID-19. We discuss key questions surrounding how such autoantibodies develop and function, as well as the general implications of diagnosing interferon deficiencies for personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Stertz
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Carpio KL, Barrett ADT. Flavivirus NS1 and Its Potential in Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:622. [PMID: 34207516 PMCID: PMC8229460 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Flavivirus genus contains many important human pathogens, including dengue, Japanese encephalitis (JE), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), West Nile (WN), yellow fever (YF) and Zika (ZIK) viruses. While there are effective vaccines for a few flavivirus diseases (JE, TBE and YF), the majority do not have vaccines, including WN and ZIK. The flavivirus nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein has an unusual structure-function because it is glycosylated and forms different structures to facilitate different roles intracellularly and extracellularly, including roles in the replication complex, assisting in virus assembly, and complement antagonism. It also plays a role in protective immunity through antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity, and anti-NS1 antibodies elicit passive protection in animal models against a virus challenge. Historically, NS1 has been used as a diagnostic marker for the flavivirus infection due to its complement fixing properties and specificity. Its role in disease pathogenesis, and the strong humoral immune response resulting from infection, makes NS1 an excellent target for inclusion in candidate flavivirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassandra L. Carpio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Alan D. T. Barrett
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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New Proteomic Signatures to Distinguish Between Zika and Dengue Infections. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100052. [PMID: 33582300 PMCID: PMC8042398 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing between Zika and dengue virus infections is critical for accurate treatment, but we still lack detailed understanding of their impact on their host. To identify new protein signatures of the two infections, we used next-generation proteomics to profile 122 serum samples from 62 Zika and dengue patients. We quantified >500 proteins and identified 13 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed (adjusted p-value < 0.05). These proteins typically function in infection and wound healing, with several also linked to pregnancy and brain function. We successfully validated expression differences with Carbonic Anhydrase 2 in both the original and an independent sample set. Three of the differentially expressed proteins, i.e., Fibrinogen Alpha, Platelet Factor 4 Variant 1, and Pro-Platelet Basic Protein, predicted Zika virus infection at a ∼70% true-positive and 6% false-positive rate. Further, we showed that intraindividual temporal changes in protein signatures can disambiguate diagnoses and serve as indicators for past infections. Taken together, we demonstrate that serum proteomics can provide new resources that serve to distinguish between different viral infections. Analysis of human serum samples with extreme protein abundance ranges Unique protein signatures for Zika and dengue virus infection Temporal changes in protein signatures as indicators for past infections Machine learning to account for confounding factors
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13
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Shukla R, Ramasamy V, Shanmugam RK, Ahuja R, Khanna N. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement: A Challenge for Developing a Safe Dengue Vaccine. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:572681. [PMID: 33194810 PMCID: PMC7642463 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.572681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, the United States Food and Drug Administration accorded restricted approval to Sanofi Pasteur's Dengvaxia, a live attenuated vaccine (LAV) for dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease, caused by four antigenically distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV 1-4). The reason for this limited approval is the concern that this vaccine sensitized some of the dengue-naïve recipients to severe dengue fever. Recent knowledge about the nature of the immune response elicited by DENV viruses suggests that all LAVs have inherent capacity to predominantly elicit antibodies (Abs) against the pre-membrane (prM) and fusion loop epitope (FLE) of DENV. These antibodies are generally cross-reactive among DENV serotypes carrying a higher risk of promoting Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE). ADE is a phenomenon in which suboptimal neutralizing or non-neutralizing cross-reactive antibodies bind to virus and facilitate Fcγ receptor mediated enhanced entry into host cells, followed by its replication, and thus increasing the cellular viral load. On the other hand, antibody responses directed against the host-cell receptor binding domain of DENV envelope domain-III (EDIII), exhibit a higher degree of type-specificity with lower potential of ADE. The challenges associated with whole DENV-based vaccine strategies necessitate re-focusing our attention toward the designed dengue vaccine candidates, capable of inducing predominantly type-specific immune responses. If the designed vaccines elicited predominantly EDIII-directed serotype specific antibodies in the absence of prM and FLE antibodies, this could avoid the ADE phenomenon largely associated with the prM and FLE antibodies. The generation of type-specific antibodies to each of the four DENV serotypes by the designed vaccines could avoid the immune evasion mechanisms of DENVs. For the enhanced vaccine safety, all dengue vaccine candidates should be assessed for the extent of type-specific (minimal ADE) vs. cross-reactive (ADE promoting) neutralizing antibodies. The type-specific EDIII antibodies may be more directly related to protection from disease in the absence of ADE promoted by the cross-reactive antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shukla
- Translational Health Group, Molecular Medicine Division, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Ramasamy
- Translational Health Group, Molecular Medicine Division, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajgokul K Shanmugam
- Translational Health Group, Molecular Medicine Division, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Richa Ahuja
- Translational Health Group, Molecular Medicine Division, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Navin Khanna
- Translational Health Group, Molecular Medicine Division, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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14
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Lasso G, Honig B, Shapira SD. A Sweep of Earth's Virome Reveals Host-Guided Viral Protein Structural Mimicry and Points to Determinants of Human Disease. Cell Syst 2020; 12:82-91.e3. [PMID: 33053371 PMCID: PMC7552982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viruses deploy genetically encoded strategies to coopt host machinery and support viral replicative cycles. Here, we use protein structure similarity to scan for molecular mimicry, manifested by structural similarity between viral and endogenous host proteins, across thousands of cataloged viruses and hosts spanning broad ecological niches and taxonomic range, including bacteria, plants and fungi, invertebrates, and vertebrates. This survey identified over 6,000,000 instances of structural mimicry; more than 70% of viral mimics cannot be discerned through protein sequence alone. We demonstrate that the manner and degree to which viruses exploit molecular mimicry varies by genome size and nucleic acid type and identify 158 human proteins that are mimicked by coronaviruses, providing clues about cellular processes driving pathogenesis. Our observations point to molecular mimicry as a pervasive strategy employed by viruses and indicate that the protein structure space used by a given virus is dictated by the host proteome. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the Supplemental Information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Lasso
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barry Honig
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sagi D Shapira
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Lytton SD, Nematollahi G, van Tong H, Xuan Anh C, Hung HV, Hoan NX, Diez G, Schumacher T, Landt O, Melchior W, Fuchs D, Toan NL, Velavan TP, Song LH. Predominant secondary dengue infection among Vietnamese adults mostly without warning signs and severe disease. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 100:316-323. [PMID: 32896661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity in dengue fever is dependent on the dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, the patient age, predisposing immunogenic markers and the frequency of primary and secondary infections. This study aims to distinguish acute primary from secondary dengue infections of Vietnamese adults and to assess the association of viremia and anti-dengue immunoglobulin levels with clinical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Viral RNA, dengue serotypes and levels of anti-dengue IgM and IgG of hospitalized adult cases were determined in EDTA-plasma samples prospectively collected during three consecutive years of dengue infection in Hanoi. Patients admitted to hospital within 7 days of their 1st reported fever were included. Primary infections were anti-dengue IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) negative on both day of hospital entry (day 0) and day two or three of hospitalization (day 2 or 3) with a positive anti-dengue IgM on either day 0 or day 2 or 3 hospitalization. The secondary infections were anti-dengue IgG ELISA positive on both day 0 and day 2 or 3 with positive anti-dengue IgM ELISA on either day 0 or day 2 or 3. RESULTS The hospitalized dengue fever cases between October 2016 and March 2019 were predominantly secondary infections (74%, 68% and 77%, respectively) with DENV-1 (60% and 65%) and DENV-2 (22% and 26%) serotypes determined in the latter two years. The viremia in primary infection was significantly higher than that in secondary infection (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with the days of hospital stay. In secondary infections, platelet counts were lower than in primary infections (P = 0.04) and IgG levels in secondary infection negatively correlated with platelet counts (Spearman's r = -0.22, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate high rates of secondary infection with DENV1 and DENV2 serotypes. Anti-dengue immunoglobulins negatively correlate with hospital stay and platelet counts with few warning signs or severe disease. Further investigations of specific antibodies in adults which predict auto-inflammatory activity after the recovery from dengue infection are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hoang van Tong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Hoang Vu Hung
- 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Gerold Diez
- Institut Virion\Serion GmbH, 97076 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | - Offert Landt
- TIB MOLBIOL Syntheselabor GmbH D-12103 Berlin Germany.
| | | | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Nguyen Linh Toan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Thirumalaisamy P Velavan
- Vietnamese-GermanCenter for Medical Research, VG-CARE, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Le Huu Song
- 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Vietnamese-GermanCenter for Medical Research, VG-CARE, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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16
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Wilken L, Rimmelzwaan GF. Adaptive Immunity to Dengue Virus: Slippery Slope or Solid Ground for Rational Vaccine Design? Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9060470. [PMID: 32549226 PMCID: PMC7350362 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The four serotypes of dengue virus are the most widespread causes of arboviral disease, currently placing half of the human population at risk of infection. Pre-existing immunity to one dengue virus serotype can predispose to severe disease following secondary infection with a different serotype. The phenomenon of immune enhancement has complicated vaccine development and likely explains the poor long-term safety profile of a recently licenced dengue vaccine. Therefore, alternative vaccine strategies should be considered. This review summarises studies dissecting the adaptive immune responses to dengue virus infection and (experimental) vaccination. In particular, we discuss the roles of (i) neutralising antibodies, (ii) antibodies to non-structural protein 1, and (iii) T cells in protection and pathogenesis. We also address how these findings could translate into next-generation vaccine approaches that mitigate the risk of enhanced dengue disease. Finally, we argue that the development of a safe and efficacious dengue vaccine is an attainable goal.
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17
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Baiduri S, Husada D, Puspitasari D, Kartina L, Basuki PS, Ismoedijanto I. PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF SEVERE DENGUE INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 2020. [DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.10721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of dengue fever increase annually and can increase morbidity and mortality. Dengue fever is mosquito-borne disease and caused by one of four serotype dengue viruses. Severe dengue is characterized either by plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or organ impairment. Mortality and serious morbidity of dengue were caused by several factors including the late recognition of the disease and the changing of clinical signs and symptoms. Understanding the prognostic factors in severe dengue will give early warning to physician thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality, and also improving the treatment and disease management. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors of severe dengue infection in children. This study was observational cohort study in children (2 months-18 years) with dengue infection according to WHO 2009 criteria which admitted in Soetomo and Soewandhie Hospital Surabaya. Analysis with univariate, bivariate and multivariate with IBM SPSS Statistic 17. All patients were confirmed by serologic marker (NS-1 or IgM/IgG Dengue). Clinical and laboratory examination such as complete blood count, aspartate aminotrasnferase (AST), alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), albumin, and both partial trombocite time and activated partial trombosit time (PTT and aPPT) were analyzed comparing nonsevere dengue and severe dengue patients. There were 40 subjects innonsevere and 27 subjects with severe dengue infection. On bivariate analysis, there were significant differences of nutritional status, abdominal pain, petechiae, pleural effusion, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, history of transfusion, increasing AST>3x, prolonged PPT and APTT between severe and nonsevere dengue group. After multivariate analyzed, the prognostic factors of severe dengue were overweight/obesity (p=0.003, RR 94), vomiting (p=0.02, RR 13.3), hepatomegaly (p=0.01, RR=69.4), and prolonged APTT (p=0.005, RR=43.25). In conclusion, overweight/obesity, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and prolonged APTT were prognostic factors in severe dengue infection in children.Those factors should be monitored closely in order to reduce the mortality and serious morbidity.
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18
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Wang Y, Li X, Chen X, Zhao P, Qu Z, Ma D, Zhao C, Gao W. Effect of stir-frying time during Angelica Sinensis Radix processing with wine on physicochemical, structure properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Bailey MJ, Broecker F, Duehr J, Arumemi F, Krammer F, Palese P, Tan GS. Antibodies Elicited by an NS1-Based Vaccine Protect Mice against Zika Virus. mBio 2019; 10:e02861-18. [PMID: 30940710 PMCID: PMC6445944 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02861-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which can cause severe disease in humans, including microcephaly and other congenital malformations in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. There are currently no approved prophylactics or therapeutics for Zika virus; the development of a safe and effective vaccine is an urgent priority. Preclinical studies suggest that the envelope glycoprotein can elicit potently neutralizing antibodies. However, such antibodies are implicated in the phenomenon of antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. We have previously shown that monoclonal antibodies targeting the Zika virus nonstructural NS1 protein are protective without inducing antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. Here, we investigated whether the NS1 protein itself is a viable vaccine target. Wild-type mice were vaccinated with an NS1-expressing DNA plasmid followed by two adjuvanted protein boosters, which elicited high antibody titers. Passive transfer of the immune sera was able to significantly protect STAT2 knockout mice against lethal challenge by Zika virus. In addition, long-lasting NS1-specific IgG responses were detected in serum samples from patients in either the acute or the convalescent phase of Zika virus infection. These NS1-specific antibodies were able to functionally engage Fcγ receptors. In contrast, envelope-specific antibodies did not activate Fc-mediated effector functions on infected cells. Our data suggest that the Zika virus NS1 protein, which is expressed on infected cells, is critical for Fc-dependent cell-mediated immunity. The present study demonstrates that the Zika virus NS1 protein is highly immunogenic and can elicit protective antibodies, underscoring its potential for an effective Zika virus vaccine.IMPORTANCE Zika virus is a global public health threat that causes microcephaly and congenital malformations in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Currently, no vaccines or treatments are available. While antibodies targeting the envelope glycoprotein can neutralize virus, they carry the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of disease (ADE). In contrast, antibodies generated against the NS1 protein can be protective without eliciting ADE. The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of an NS1-based vaccine in eliciting high titers of protective antibodies against Zika virus disease in a mouse model. Sera generated by this vaccine can elicit Fc-mediated effector functions against Zika virus-infected cells. Lastly, we provide human data suggesting that the antibody response against the Zika virus NS1 protein is long-lasting and functionally active. Overall, our work will inform the development of a safe and effective Zika virus vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Cell Line
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunization Schedule
- Immunization, Passive
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Fc/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Viral Nonstructural Proteins/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Bailey
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Felix Broecker
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - James Duehr
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fortuna Arumemi
- Infectious Diseases, The J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gene S Tan
- Infectious Diseases, The J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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20
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Abstract
Arthropod-borne flaviviruses are important human pathogens that cause a diverse range of clinical conditions, including severe hemorrhagic syndromes, neurological complications and congenital malformations. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective vaccines, a process requiring better understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved during infection. Decades of research suggest a paradoxical role of the immune response against flaviviruses: although the immune response is crucial for the control, clearance and prevention of infection, poor clinical outcomes are commonly associated with virus-specific immunity and immunopathogenesis. This relationship is further complicated by the high homology among viruses and the implication of cross-reactive immune responses in protection and pathogenesis. This Review examines the dual role of the adaptive immune response against flaviviruses, particularly emphasizing the most recent findings regarding cross-reactive T cell and antibody responses, and the effects that these concepts have on vaccine-development endeavors.
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21
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Physicochemical characterizations of polysaccharides from Angelica Sinensis Radix under different drying methods for various applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 121:381-389. [PMID: 30315881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (ASP) were extracted from Angelica Sinensis Radix (ASR) and were subjected to freeze drying (ASP-FD), vacuum drying (ASP-VD), and hot air drying (ASP-HD). Structural characteristics, rheological and emulsifying properties, antioxidant, anticoagulant and alkaline phosphatase inhibitory activities of ASPs were firstly investigated. ASP-FD owned higher thermostability, unique morphological structure, uniform and the lowest molecular weight, which is suitable for using as a raw material for polysaccharide derivatives. Smaller viscosity of ASP-FD supplied a better appearance that consumers preferred and the smallest particle size was benefit to manufacture instant soluble products. ASP-VD behaved the highest neutral sugar content, protein content, intrinsic viscosities, and the best emulsifying activity, being a candidate for cosmetics additive. ASP-HD exhibited the highest apparent viscosities, higher thermostability, loose structure, and better bioactivities. Drying conditions had significant effect on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of ASPs. ASPs with specific characteristics may meet the requirements for diverse applications.
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22
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Chen HR, Lai YC, Yeh TM. Dengue virus non-structural protein 1: a pathogenic factor, therapeutic target, and vaccine candidate. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:58. [PMID: 30037331 PMCID: PMC6057007 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most common mosquito-transmitted viral infection. DENV infection can cause mild dengue fever or severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Hemorrhage and vascular leakage are two characteristic symptoms of DHF/DSS. However, due to the limited understanding of dengue pathogenesis, no satisfactory therapies to treat nor vaccine to prevent dengue infection are available, and the mortality of DHF/DSS is still high. DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), which can be secreted in patients’ sera, has been used as an early diagnostic marker for dengue infection for many years. However, the roles of NS1 in dengue-induced vascular leakage were described only recently. In this article, the pathogenic roles of DENV NS1 in hemorrhage and vascular leakage are reviewed, and the possibility of using NS1 as a therapeutic target and vaccine candidate is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Chen
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chung Lai
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Trai-Ming Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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23
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Shi Y, Dai L, Song H, Gao GF. Structures of Zika Virus E & NS1: Relations with Virus Infection and Host Immune Responses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1062:77-87. [PMID: 29845526 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8727-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in the Zika forest in Uganda in 1947 was understudied until the recent explosive epidemic in several South American countries where it has become strongly associated with congenital birth defects leading to severe cranial malformations and neurological conditions. The increase in number of case of microcephaly in newborn children associated with ZIKV infection triggered the World Health Organization to declare the epidemic as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February of 2016. ZIKV is a member of the flavivirus genus and is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, however in the current epidemic clear evidence is emerging to suggest the virus can be sexually transmitted from human to human. The differences in epidemiology and manifestations of ZIKV infection during these outbreaks have prompted researchers to investigate mechanisms of dissemination, pathogenesis, and host immune response which contributes significantly to the control of the virus infection. The E and NS1 proteins of ZIKV are the major targets for neutralizing and protective antibodies. In this chapter, we mainly focus on recent research on the crystal structures of the ZIKV E and NS1 proteins, and their relations with virus infection and immune responses. These studies will be helpful to develop novel therapeutics and vaccines for protection and control of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lianpan Dai
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Song
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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24
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Monsalve DM, Pacheco Y, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Rodríguez Y, Ramírez-Santana C, Anaya JM. Zika virus and autoimmunity. One-step forward. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:1237-1245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Shi Y, Gao GF. Structural Biology of the Zika Virus. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:443-456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Katzelnick LC, Coloma J, Harris E. Dengue: knowledge gaps, unmet needs, and research priorities. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2017; 17:e88-e100. [PMID: 28185868 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes up to about 100 million cases of disease each year, placing a major public health, social, and economic burden on numerous low-income and middle-income countries. Major advances by investigators, vaccine developers, and affected communities are revealing new insights and enabling novel interventions and approaches to dengue prevention and control. Such research has highlighted further questions about both the basic understanding of dengue and efforts to develop new tools. In this report, the third in a Series on dengue, we discuss existing approaches to dengue diagnostics, disease prognosis, surveillance, and vector control in low-income and middle-income countries, as well as potential consequences of vaccine introduction. We also summarise current knowledge and recent insights into dengue epidemiology, immunology, and pathogenesis, and their implications for understanding natural infection and current and future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Katzelnick
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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27
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Xu X, Song H, Qi J, Liu Y, Wang H, Su C, Shi Y, Gao GF. Contribution of intertwined loop to membrane association revealed by Zika virus full-length NS1 structure. EMBO J 2016; 35:2170-2178. [PMID: 27578809 PMCID: PMC5069551 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections with microcephaly and neurological diseases has highlighted an emerging public health concern. Here, we report the crystal structure of the full‐length ZIKV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), a major host‐interaction molecule that functions in flaviviral replication, pathogenesis, and immune evasion. Of note, a long intertwined loop is observed in the wing domain of ZIKV NS1, and forms a hydrophobic “spike”, which can contribute to cellular membrane association. For different flaviviruses, the amino acid sequences of the “spike” are variable but their common characteristic is either hydrophobic or positively charged, which is a beneficial feature for membrane binding. Comparative studies with West Nile and Dengue virus NS1 structures reveal conserved features, but diversified electrostatic characteristics on both inner and outer faces. Our results suggest different mechanisms of flavivirus pathogenesis and should be considered during the development of diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Xu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chao Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - George F Gao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China .,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
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28
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Watterson D, Modhiran N, Young PR. The many faces of the flavivirus NS1 protein offer a multitude of options for inhibitor design. Antiviral Res 2016; 130:7-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Greco M, Cofano P, Lobreglio G. Seropositivity for West Nile Virus Antibodies in Patients Affected by Myasthenia Gravis. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8:196-201. [PMID: 26858791 PMCID: PMC4737029 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2413w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal muscles. Specific auto-antibodies against acetylcholine receptor (AChR) are present in the majority of MG patients, although the main cause behind its development still remains unclear. Recently MG development following West Nile virus (WNV) infection has been described in patients without any earlier evidence of MG. It is known that infectious agents trigger immune response and occasionally initiate autoimmune disease. WNV, the causative agent of both benign illness and neuroinvasive disease, has become endemic in many countries in all continents. METHODS In the present study, 29 patients (15 males and 14 females, 19 - 78 years old) with confirmed diagnosis of MG and elevated levels of AChR autoantibodies were screened for the presence of serum anti-WNV antibodies and compared to a similar population affected by different autoimmune diseases. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique was used to evaluate the reaction of patients' sera on cells infected by WNV. RESULTS Positive fluorescent signals for anti-WNV IgG were obtained in 17% of MG patients, although no clinical manifestations related to WNV infection were reported. These results are in agreement with previous data and appear of great interest in the understanding of the pathogenic autoimmune mechanisms at the bases of MG development. CONCLUSION As already observed in other human autoimmune diseases, pathogen-triggered autoimmunity could be involved in MG by breaking immunological self-tolerance through possible mechanisms of molecular mimicry between virus proteins and AChR subunits. In predisposed individuals, WNV infection could also represent an additional risk factor to initiate MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Greco
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, ASL Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - Pietro Cofano
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, ASL Lecce, Lecce, Italy
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ten Cate H. Challenging the anticoagulant paradigm? J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:134-6. [PMID: 26589723 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H ten Cate
- Thrombosis Expertise Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Chuang YC, Lin J, Lin YS, Wang S, Yeh TM. Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1-Induced Antibodies Cross-React with Human Plasminogen and Enhance Its Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:1218-26. [PMID: 26712948 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease, and it can cause life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Abnormal activation of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system is one of the hallmarks of DHF/DSS. However, the mechanism underlying hemorrhage in DHF/DSS remains elusive. In previous studies, plasminogen (Plg) cross-reactive Abs, which can recognize DENV nonstructural protein (NS) 1, have been found in dengue patients. However, it is unclear whether these Abs are indeed induced by DENV NS1. Thus, we immunized mice with recombinant NS1 from both bacteria and drosophila to determine whether NS1 can induce Plg cross-reactive Abs. The results from the NS1-immunized mouse sera indicated that NS1 immunization induced Abs that could cross-react with Plg. To study the effects of these NS1-induced Plg cross-reactive Abs on fibrinolysis, we isolated several Plg cross-reactive anti-NS1 mAbs from these mice and found that some of them could enhance Plg activation. In addition, epitope mapping with a phage-displayed random peptide library revealed that one of these mAbs (2A5) could recognize NS1 C-terminal residues 305-311, which share sequence homology with Plg residues 590-597. A synthetic peptide of NS1 residues 305-311 could inhibit the binding of both 2A5 and its Fab to Plg and its enhanced activation. Thus, our results suggest that DENV NS1 can induce Plg cross-reactive Abs through molecular mimicry, which can enhance Plg activation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of DHF/DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chun Chuang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; and
| | - Jessica Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701
| | - Shuying Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701
| | - Trai-Ming Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701; and
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Evasion and interactions of the humoral innate immune response in pathogen invasion, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Clin Immunol 2015; 160:244-54. [PMID: 26145788 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The humoral innate immune system is composed of three major branches, complement, coagulation, and natural antibodies. To persist in the host, pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and cancers must evade parts of the innate humoral immune system. Disruptions in the humoral innate immune system also play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases. This review will examine how Gram positive bacteria, viruses, cancer, and the autoimmune conditions systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-phospholipid syndrome, interact with these immune system components. Through examining evasion techniques it becomes clear that an interplay between these three systems exists. By exploring the interplay and the evasion/disruption of the humoral innate immune system, we can develop a better understanding of pathogenic infections, cancer, and autoimmune disease development.
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