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Makundi I, Koshida Y, Kuse K, Hiratsuka T, Ito J, Baba T, Watanabe S, Kawamura M, Odahara Y, Miyake A, Yamamoto H, Kuniyoshi S, Onuma M, Nishigaki K. Epidemiologic survey of feline leukemia virus in domestic cats on Tsushima Island, Japan: management strategy for Tsushima leopard cats. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:889-895. [PMID: 28782421 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717725551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tsushima leopard cat (TLC) Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, a subspecies of P. bengalensis, is designated a National Natural Monument of Japan, and lives only on Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. TLCs are threatened by various infectious diseases. Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) causes a serious infectious disease with a poor prognosis in cats. Therefore, the transmission of FeLV from Tsushima domestic cats (TDCs) to TLCs may threaten the TLC population. We investigated the FeLV infection status of both TDCs and TLCs on Tsushima Island by screening blood samples for FeLV p27 antigen and using PCR to amplify the full-length FeLV env gene. The prevalence of FeLV was 6.4% in TDCs and 0% in TLCs. We also demonstrated that the virus can replicate in the cells of TLCs, suggesting its potential cross-species transmission. The viruses in TDCs were classified as genotype I/clade 3, which is prevalent on a nearby island, based on previous studies of FeLV genotypes and FeLV epidemiology. The FeLV viruses identified on Tsushima Island can be further divided into 2 lineages within genotype I/clade 3, which are geographically separated in Kamijima and Shimojima, indicating that FeLV may have been transmitted to Tsushima Island at least twice. Monitoring FeLV infection in the TDC and TLC populations is highly recommended as part of the TLC surveillance and management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Makundi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Yushi Koshida
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Kyohei Kuse
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Takahiro Hiratsuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Takuya Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Maki Kawamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Yuka Odahara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Hanae Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Sawako Kuniyoshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Manabu Onuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
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