1
|
Pramono D, Takeuchi D, Katsuki M, AbuEed L, Abdillah D, Kimura T, Kawasaki J, Miyake A, Nishigaki K. FeLIX is a restriction factor for mammalian retrovirus infection. J Virol 2024; 98:e0177123. [PMID: 38440982 PMCID: PMC11019853 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01771-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancestral viral infections. Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an exogenous and endogenous retrovirus in domestic cats. It is classified into several subgroups (A, B, C, D, E, and T) based on viral receptor interference properties or receptor usage. ERV-derived molecules benefit animals, conferring resistance to infectious diseases. However, the soluble protein encoded by the defective envelope (env) gene of endogenous FeLV (enFeLV) functions as a co-factor in FeLV subgroup T infections. Therefore, whether the gene emerged to facilitate viral infection is unclear. Based on the properties of ERV-derived molecules, we hypothesized that the defective env genes possess antiviral activity that would be advantageous to the host because FeLV subgroup B (FeLV-B), a recombinant virus derived from enFeLV env, is restricted to viral transmission among domestic cats. When soluble truncated Env proteins from enFeLV were tested for their inhibitory effects against enFeLV and FeLV-B, they inhibited viral infection. Notably, this antiviral machinery was extended to infection with the Gibbon ape leukemia virus, Koala retrovirus A, and Hervey pteropid gammaretrovirus. Although these viruses used feline phosphate transporter 1 (fePit1) and phosphate transporter 2 as receptors, the inhibitory mechanism involved competitive receptor binding in a fePit1-dependent manner. The shift in receptor usage might have occurred to avoid the inhibitory effect. Overall, these findings highlight the possible emergence of soluble truncated Env proteins from enFeLV as a restriction factor against retroviral infection and will help in developing host immunity and antiviral defense by controlling retroviral spread.IMPORTANCERetroviruses are unique in using reverse transcriptase to convert RNA genomes into DNA, infecting germ cells, and transmitting to offspring. Numerous ancient retroviral sequences are known as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). The soluble Env protein derived from ERVs functions as a co-factor that assists in FeLV-T infection. However, herein, we show that the soluble Env protein exhibits antiviral activity and provides resistance to mammalian retrovirus infection through competitive receptor binding. In particular, this finding may explain why FeLV-B transmission is not observed among domestic cats. ERV-derived molecules can benefit animals in an evolutionary arms race, highlighting the double-edged-sword nature of ERVs.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cats
- Endogenous Retroviruses/genetics
- Endogenous Retroviruses/metabolism
- Gene Products, env/genetics
- Gene Products, env/metabolism
- Leukemia Virus, Feline/classification
- Leukemia Virus, Feline/genetics
- Leukemia Virus, Feline/metabolism
- Leukemia Virus, Gibbon Ape/genetics
- Leukemia Virus, Gibbon Ape/metabolism
- Leukemia, Feline/genetics
- Leukemia, Feline/metabolism
- Leukemia, Feline/virology
- Phosphate Transport Proteins/genetics
- Phosphate Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Retroviridae Infections/metabolism
- Retroviridae Infections/virology
- Solubility
- Female
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didik Pramono
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Dai Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masato Katsuki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Loai AbuEed
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Dimas Abdillah
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Junna Kawasaki
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pramono D, Sugimoto K, Kimura T, Miyake A, Nishigaki K. Characterization of the endogenous retrovirus-derived placenta-specific soluble protein EnvV-Fca from domestic cats. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38604984 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancestral viruses in the host genome. The present study identified the expression of a defective retroviral env gene belonging to the ERV group V member Env (EnvV) in Felis catus (EnvV-Fca). EnV-Fca was specifically detected in the placental trophoblast syncytiotrophobic layer and expressed as a secreted protein in cultured cells. Genetic analyses indicated that EnvV2 genes are widely present in vertebrates and are under purifying selection among carnivores, suggesting a potential benefit for the host. This study suggests that birds, bats, and rodents carrying EnvV2 may play significant roles as intermediate vectors in spreading or cross-transmitting viruses among species. Our findings provide valuable insights into the evolution of ERV in vertebrate hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didik Pramono
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- The Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ngo MH, AbuEed L, Kawasaki J, Oishi N, Pramono D, Kimura T, Sakurai M, Watanabe K, Mizukami Y, Ochi H, Anai Y, Odahara Y, Umehara D, Kawamura M, Watanabe S, Miyake A, Nishigaki K. Multiple recombination events between endogenous retroviral elements and feline leukemia virus. J Virol 2024; 98:e0140023. [PMID: 38240589 PMCID: PMC10878261 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01400-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an exogenous retrovirus that causes malignant hematopoietic disorders in domestic cats, and its virulence may be closely associated with viral sequences. FeLV is classified into several subgroups, including A, B, C, D, E, and T, based on viral receptor interference properties or receptor usage. However, the transmission manner and disease specificity of the recombinant viruses FeLV-D and FeLV-B remain unclear. The aim of this study was to understand recombination events between exogenous and endogenous retroviruses within a host and elucidate the emergence and transmission of recombinant viruses. We observed multiple recombination events involving endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in FeLV from a family of domestic cats kept in one house; two of these cats (ON-T and ON-C) presented with lymphoma and leukemia, respectively. Clonal integration of FeLV-D was observed in the ON-T case, suggesting an association with FeLV-D pathogenesis. Notably, the receptor usage of FeLV-B observed in ON-T was mediated by feline Pit1 and feline Pit2, whereas only feline Pit1 was used in ON-C. Furthermore, XR-FeLV, a recombinant FeLV containing an unrelated sequence referred to the X-region, which is homologous to a portion of the 5'-leader sequence of Felis catus endogenous gammaretrovirus 4 (FcERV-gamma4), was isolated. Genetic analysis suggested that most recombinant viruses occurred de novo; however, the possibility of FeLV-B transmission was also recognized in the family. This study demonstrated the occurrence of multiple recombination events between exogenous and endogenous retroviruses in domestic cats, highlighting the contribution of ERVs to pathogenic recombinant viruses.IMPORTANCEFeline leukemia virus subgroup A (FeLV-A) is primarily transmitted among cats. During viral transmission, genetic changes in the viral genome lead to the emergence of novel FeLV subgroups or variants with altered virulence. We isolated three FeLV subgroups (A, B, and D) and XR-FeLV from two cats and identified multiple recombination events in feline endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), such as enFeLV, ERV-DC, and FcERV-gamma4, which are present in the cat genome. This study highlights the pathogenic contribution of ERVs in the emergence of FeLV-B, FeLV-D, and XR-FeLV in a feline population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ha Ngo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Loai AbuEed
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Junna Kawasaki
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Didik Pramono
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Institute of Gene Research, Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Minami-kogushi, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoichi Mizukami
- Institute of Gene Research, Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Minami-kogushi, Ube, Japan
| | - Haruyo Ochi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukari Anai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuka Odahara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Daigo Umehara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Maki Kawamura
- Life Science Division, Advanced Technology Institute, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
AbuEed L, Makundi I, Miyake A, Kawasaki J, Minoura C, Koshida Y, Nishigaki K. Feline Foamy Virus Transmission in Tsushima Leopard Cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) on Tsushima Island, Japan. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040835. [PMID: 37112816 PMCID: PMC10146696 DOI: 10.3390/v15040835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tsushima leopard cats (TLC; Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) only inhabit Tsushima Island, Nagasaki, Japan and are critically endangered and threatened by infectious diseases. The feline foamy virus (FFV) is widely endemic in domestic cats. Therefore, its transmission from domestic cats to TLCs may threaten the TLC population. Thus, this study aimed to assess the possibility that domestic cats could transmit FFV to TLCs. Eighty-nine TLC samples were screened, and FFV was identified in seven (7.86%). To assess the FFV infection status of domestic cats, 199 domestic cats were screened; 14.07% were infected. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the FFV partial sequence from domestic cats and TLC sequences clustered in one clade, suggesting that the two populations share the same strain. The statistical data minimally supported the association between increased infection rate and sex (p = 0.28), indicating that FFV transmission is not sex dependent. In domestic cats, a significant difference was observed in FFV detection in feline immunodeficiency virus (p = 0.002) and gammaherpesvirus1 infection statuses (p = 0.0001) but not in feline leukemia virus infection status (p = 0.21). Monitoring FFV infection in domestic cats and TLC populations is highly recommended as part of TLC surveillance and management strategies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Nakamura T, Matsumoto M, Amano K, Enokido Y, Zolensky ME, Mikouchi T, Genda H, Tanaka S, Zolotov MY, Kurosawa K, Wakita S, Hyodo R, Nagano H, Nakashima D, Takahashi Y, Fujioka Y, Kikuiri M, Kagawa E, Matsuoka M, Brearley AJ, Tsuchiyama A, Uesugi M, Matsuno J, Kimura Y, Sato M, Milliken RE, Tatsumi E, Sugita S, Hiroi T, Kitazato K, Brownlee D, Joswiak DJ, Takahashi M, Ninomiya K, Takahashi T, Osawa T, Terada K, Brenker FE, Tkalcec BJ, Vincze L, Brunetto R, Aléon-Toppani A, Chan QHS, Roskosz M, Viennet JC, Beck P, Alp EE, Michikami T, Nagaashi Y, Tsuji T, Ino Y, Martinez J, Han J, Dolocan A, Bodnar RJ, Tanaka M, Yoshida H, Sugiyama K, King AJ, Fukushi K, Suga H, Yamashita S, Kawai T, Inoue K, Nakato A, Noguchi T, Vilas F, Hendrix AR, Jaramillo-Correa C, Domingue DL, Dominguez G, Gainsforth Z, Engrand C, Duprat J, Russell SS, Bonato E, Ma C, Kawamoto T, Wada T, Watanabe S, Endo R, Enju S, Riu L, Rubino S, Tack P, Takeshita S, Takeichi Y, Takeuchi A, Takigawa A, Takir D, Tanigaki T, Taniguchi A, Tsukamoto K, Yagi T, Yamada S, Yamamoto K, Yamashita Y, Yasutake M, Uesugi K, Umegaki I, Chiu I, Ishizaki T, Okumura S, Palomba E, Pilorget C, Potin SM, Alasli A, Anada S, Araki Y, Sakatani N, Schultz C, Sekizawa O, Sitzman SD, Sugiura K, Sun M, Dartois E, De Pauw E, Dionnet Z, Djouadi Z, Falkenberg G, Fujita R, Fukuma T, Gearba IR, Hagiya K, Hu MY, Kato T, Kawamura T, Kimura M, Kubo MK, Langenhorst F, Lantz C, Lavina B, Lindner M, Zhao J, Vekemans B, Baklouti D, Bazi B, Borondics F, Nagasawa S, Nishiyama G, Nitta K, Mathurin J, Matsumoto T, Mitsukawa I, Miura H, Miyake A, Miyake Y, Yurimoto H, Okazaki R, Yabuta H, Naraoka H, Sakamoto K, Tachibana S, Connolly HC, Lauretta DS, Yoshitake M, Yoshikawa M, Yoshikawa K, Yoshihara K, Yokota Y, Yogata K, Yano H, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto D, Yamada M, Yamada T, Yada T, Wada K, Usui T, Tsukizaki R, Terui F, Takeuchi H, Takei Y, Iwamae A, Soejima H, Shirai K, Shimaki Y, Senshu H, Sawada H, Saiki T, Ozaki M, Ono G, Okada T, Ogawa N, Ogawa K, Noguchi R, Noda H, Nishimura M, Namiki N, Nakazawa S, Morota T, Miyazaki A, Miura A, Mimasu Y, Matsumoto K, Kumagai K, Kouyama T, Kikuchi S, Kawahara K, Kameda S, Iwata T, Ishihara Y, Ishiguro M, Ikeda H, Hosoda S, Honda R, Honda C, Hitomi Y, Hirata N, Hirata N, Hayashi T, Hayakawa M, Hatakeda K, Furuya S, Fukai R, Fujii A, Cho Y, Arakawa M, Abe M, Watanabe S, Tsuda Y. Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples. Science 2023; 379:eabn8671. [PMID: 36137011 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn8671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide-bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu's parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of <1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu's parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Nakamura
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Amano
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Enokido
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M E Zolensky
- NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - T Mikouchi
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Genda
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - M Y Zolotov
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - K Kurosawa
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - S Wakita
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - R Hyodo
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Nagano
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - D Nakashima
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Y Fujioka
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Kikuiri
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - E Kagawa
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Matsuoka
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Meudon 92195 France.,Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8567, Japan
| | - A J Brearley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - A Tsuchiyama
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.,Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China.,Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, CAS, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - M Uesugi
- Scattering and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - J Matsuno
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Y Kimura
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - M Sato
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R E Milliken
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - E Tatsumi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38205, Spain
| | - S Sugita
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Hiroi
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - K Kitazato
- Aizu Research Center for Space Informatics, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan
| | - D Brownlee
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - D J Joswiak
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - M Takahashi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Ninomiya
- Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan.,Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Osawa
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
| | - K Terada
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - F E Brenker
- Institute of Geoscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B J Tkalcec
- Institute of Geoscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - L Vincze
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Brunetto
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - A Aléon-Toppani
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Q H S Chan
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - M Roskosz
- Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - J-C Viennet
- Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - P Beck
- Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - E E Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - T Michikami
- Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan
| | - Y Nagaashi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - T Tsuji
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Ino
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Physics, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1330, Japan
| | - J Martinez
- NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - J Han
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - A Dolocan
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - R J Bodnar
- Department of Geoscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - M Tanaka
- Materials Analysis Station, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - H Yoshida
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Sugiyama
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - A J King
- Department of Earth Science, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - K Fukushi
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - H Suga
- Spectroscopy Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - S Yamashita
- Department of Materials Structure Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.,Institute of Materials Structure Science, High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Kawai
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - A Nakato
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - T Noguchi
- Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.,Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - F Vilas
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - A R Hendrix
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | | | - D L Domingue
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - G Dominguez
- Department of Physics, California State University, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Z Gainsforth
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Engrand
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J Duprat
- Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - S S Russell
- Department of Earth Science, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - E Bonato
- Institute for Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt, Rutherfordstraße 2 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Ma
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
| | - T Kawamoto
- Department of Geosciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - T Wada
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan
| | - R Endo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - S Enju
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - L Riu
- European Space Astronomy Centre, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - S Rubino
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - P Tack
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Takeshita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai 319-1106, Japan
| | - Y Takeichi
- Department of Materials Structure Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.,Institute of Materials Structure Science, High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Takeuchi
- Scattering and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - A Takigawa
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Takir
- NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | | | - A Taniguchi
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori 590-0494, Japan
| | - K Tsukamoto
- Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Yagi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Y Yamashita
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - M Yasutake
- Scattering and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - K Uesugi
- Scattering and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - I Umegaki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai 319-1106, Japan.,Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
| | - I Chiu
- Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Ishizaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okumura
- Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - E Palomba
- Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - C Pilorget
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - S M Potin
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Meudon 92195 France.,Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - A Alasli
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - S Anada
- Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Y Araki
- Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-0058, Japan
| | - N Sakatani
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - C Schultz
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - O Sekizawa
- Spectroscopy Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - S D Sitzman
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, The Aerospace Corporation, CA 90245, USA
| | - K Sugiura
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - M Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China.,Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, CAS, Guangzhou 510640, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - E Dartois
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - E De Pauw
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Z Dionnet
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Z Djouadi
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - G Falkenberg
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Photon Science, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Fujita
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - T Fukuma
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - I R Gearba
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - K Hagiya
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - M Y Hu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - T Kato
- Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - T Kawamura
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris 75205, France
| | - M Kimura
- Department of Materials Structure Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.,Institute of Materials Structure Science, High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - M K Kubo
- Division of Natural Sciences, International Christian University, Mitaka 181-8585, Japan
| | - F Langenhorst
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - C Lantz
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - B Lavina
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - M Lindner
- Institute of Geoscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J Zhao
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - B Vekemans
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Baklouti
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - B Bazi
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Borondics
- Optimized Light Source of Intermediate Energy to LURE (SOLEIL) L'Orme des Merisiers, Gif sur Yvette F-91192, France
| | - S Nagasawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan.,Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - G Nishiyama
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Nitta
- Spectroscopy Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - J Mathurin
- Institut Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Matsumoto
- Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - I Mitsukawa
- Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - H Miura
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8501, Japan
| | - A Miyake
- Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Miyake
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai 319-1106, Japan
| | - H Yurimoto
- Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - R Okazaki
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - H Yabuta
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H Naraoka
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - K Sakamoto
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Tachibana
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H C Connolly
- Department of Geology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - D S Lauretta
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - M Yoshitake
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - M Yoshikawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - K Yoshikawa
- Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Yoshihara
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - Y Yokota
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Yogata
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Yano
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - Y Yamamoto
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - D Yamamoto
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - T Yamada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - T Yada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Wada
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - T Usui
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R Tsukizaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - F Terui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan
| | - H Takeuchi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - Y Takei
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - A Iwamae
- Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - H Soejima
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - K Shirai
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - Y Shimaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Senshu
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - H Sawada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - T Saiki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - M Ozaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - G Ono
- Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - T Okada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Ogawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Ogawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - R Noguchi
- Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - H Noda
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan
| | - M Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - N Namiki
- Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan.,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan
| | - S Nakazawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - T Morota
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Miyazaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - A Miura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - Y Mimasu
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Matsumoto
- Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan.,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan
| | - K Kumagai
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - T Kouyama
- Digital Architecture Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - S Kikuchi
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan
| | - K Kawahara
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Kameda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - T Iwata
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - Y Ishihara
- JAXA Space Exploration Center, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - M Ishiguro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - H Ikeda
- Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Hosoda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - R Honda
- Department of Information Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.,Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - C Honda
- Aizu Research Center for Space Informatics, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan
| | - Y Hitomi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - N Hirata
- Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - N Hirata
- Aizu Research Center for Space Informatics, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan
| | - T Hayashi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - M Hayakawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - K Hatakeda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - S Furuya
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R Fukai
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - A Fujii
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| | - Y Cho
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - M Arakawa
- Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - M Abe
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.,Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Y Tsuda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kono A, Yoshioka R, Hawke P, Iwashina K, Inoue D, Suzuki M, Narita C, Haruta K, Miyake A, Yoshida H, Tosaka N. Correction to: A case of severe interstitial lung disease after COVID-19 vaccination. QJM 2022; 115:705. [PMID: 35312768 PMCID: PMC9383578 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Kono
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - R Yoshioka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - P Hawke
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 51-1 Yada Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - K Iwashina
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - D Inoue
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - C Narita
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - K Haruta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - A Miyake
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - H Yoshida
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - N Tosaka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kono A, Yoshioka R, Hawk P, Iwashina K, Inoue D, Suzuki M, Narita C, Haruta K, Miyake A, Yoshida H, Tosaka N. A case of severe interstitial lung disease after COVID-19 vaccination. QJM 2022; 114:805-806. [PMID: 34618126 PMCID: PMC8522437 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Kono
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
- Corresponding author contact information. Akira KONO, Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881). Mail: , TEL: +81-70-6557-8674
| | - R Yoshioka
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - P Hawk
- University of Shizuoka, 51-1 Yada Suruga ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 422-8526)
| | - K Iwashina
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - D Inoue
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - C Narita
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - K Haruta
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - A Miyake
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - H Yoshida
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| | - N Tosaka
- Department of Emergency medicine, Shizuoka general hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando Aoi ward, Shizuoka, Japan (zip code 420-0881)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nakamura D, Matsuda YH, Ikeda A, Miyake A, Tokunaga M, Takeyama S, Kanomata T. Magnetoconduction in the Correlated Semiconductor FeSi in Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields up to a Semiconductor-to-Metal Transition. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:156601. [PMID: 34678000 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.156601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoresistance of the correlated narrow-gap semiconductor FeSi was investigated by the radio frequency self-resonant spiral coil technique in magnetic fields up to 500 T, which is supplied by an electromagnetic flux compression megagauss generator. Semiconductor-to-metal transition accomplishes around 270 T observed as a sharp kink in the magnetoresistance, which implies the closing of the hybridization gap by the Zeeman shift of band edges. In the temperature-magnetic field phase diagram, the semiconductor-metal transition field is found to be almost independent of temperature, which is in contrast to a characteristic magnetic field associated with the hopping magnetoconduction in the in-gap localized states, exhibiting a notable temperature dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Nakamura
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Y H Matsuda
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - A Ikeda
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - A Miyake
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Tokunaga
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - S Takeyama
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Kanomata
- Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tohoku Gakuin University, Tagajo, Miyagi 985-8537, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ngo MH, Soma T, Youn HY, Endo T, Makundi I, Kawasaki J, Miyake A, Nga BTT, Nguyen H, Arnal M, Fernández de Luco D, Deshapriya RMC, Hatoya S, Nishigaki K. Distribution of infectious endogenous retroviruses in mixed-breed and purebred cats. Arch Virol 2019; 165:157-167. [PMID: 31748876 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses of domestic cats (ERV-DCs) are members of the genus Gammaretrovirus that infect domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus). Uniquely, domestic cats harbor replication-competent proviruses such as ERV-DC10 (ERV-DC18) and ERV-DC14 (xenotropic and nonecotropic viruses, respectively). The purpose of this study was to assess invasion by two distinct infectious ERV-DCs, ERV-DC10 and ERV-DC14, in domestic cats. Of a total sample of 1646 cats, 568 animals (34.5%) were positive for ERV-DC10 (heterozygous: 377; homozygous: 191), 68 animals (4.1%) were positive for ERV-DC14 (heterozygous: 67; homozygous: 1), and 10 animals (0.6%) were positive for both ERV-DC10 and ERV-DC14. ERV-DC10 and ERV-DC14 were detected in domestic cats in Japan as well as in Tanzania, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, South Korea and Spain. Breeding cats, including Singapura, Norwegian Forest and Ragdoll cats, showed high frequencies of ERV-DC10 (60-100%). By contrast, ERV-DC14 was detected at low frequency in breeding cats. Our results suggest that ERV-DC10 is widely distributed while ERV-DC14 is maintained in a minor population of cats. Thus, ERV-DC10 and ERV-DC14 have invaded cat populations independently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ha Ngo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Takehisa Soma
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Marupi Lifetech Co., Ltd., 103 Fushiocho, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-0011, Japan
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital for Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taiji Endo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Isaac Makundi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Junna Kawasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Bui Thi To Nga
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Nguyen
- Animal Care Clinic, 20/424 Thuy Khue Street, Tay Ho District, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - MaríaCruz Arnal
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández de Luco
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R M C Deshapriya
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nishimura T, Sakai H, Mori H, Akiba K, Usui H, Ochi M, Kuroki K, Miyake A, Tokunaga M, Uwatoko Y, Katayama K, Murakawa H, Hanasaki N. Large Enhancement of Thermoelectric Efficiency Due to a Pressure-Induced Lifshitz Transition in SnSe. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:226601. [PMID: 31283289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.226601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Lifshitz transition, a change in Fermi surface topology, is likely to greatly influence exotic correlated phenomena in solids, such as high-temperature superconductivity and complex magnetism. However, since the observation of Fermi surfaces is generally difficult in the strongly correlated systems, a direct link between the Lifshitz transition and quantum phenomena has been elusive so far. Here, we report a marked impact of the pressure-induced Lifshitz transition on thermoelectric performance for SnSe, a promising thermoelectric material without a strong electron correlation. By applying pressure up to 1.6 GPa, we have observed a large enhancement of the thermoelectric power factor by more than 100% over a wide temperature range (10-300 K). Furthermore, the high carrier mobility enables the detection of quantum oscillations of resistivity, revealing the emergence of new Fermi pockets at ∼0.86 GPa. The observed thermoelectric properties linked to the multivalley band structure are quantitatively reproduced by first-principles calculations, providing novel insight into designing the SnSe-related materials for potential valleytronic as well as thermoelectric applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Nishimura
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - H Sakai
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - H Mori
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - K Akiba
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - H Usui
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - M Ochi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - K Kuroki
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - A Miyake
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Tokunaga
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Y Uwatoko
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Katayama
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - H Murakawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - N Hanasaki
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Okuma R, Nakamura D, Okubo T, Miyake A, Matsuo A, Kindo K, Tokunaga M, Kawashima N, Takeyama S, Hiroi Z. A series of magnon crystals appearing under ultrahigh magnetic fields in a kagomé antiferromagnet. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1229. [PMID: 30874548 PMCID: PMC6420565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Geometrical frustration and a high magnetic field are two key factors for realizing unconventional quantum states in magnetic materials. Specifically, conventional magnetic order can potentially be destroyed by competing interactions and may be replaced by an exotic state that is characterized in terms of quasiparticles called magnons, the density and chemical potential of which are controlled by the magnetic field. Here we show that a synthetic copper mineral, Cd-kapellasite, which comprises a kagomé lattice consisting of corner-sharing triangles of spin-1/2 Cu2+ ions, exhibits an unprecedented series of fractional magnetization plateaus in ultrahigh magnetic fields of up to 160 T. We propose that these quantum states can be interpreted as crystallizations of emergent magnons localized on the hexagon of the kagomé lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Okuma
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
| | - D Nakamura
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Okubo
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Miyake
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - A Matsuo
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Kindo
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Tokunaga
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - N Kawashima
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - S Takeyama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Z Hiroi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kakui T, Ishibashi Y, Miyake A, Terano Y, Nakatani K. Development of Monoclonal Antibody Sandwich-ELISA for Determination of Beer Foam-Active Proteins. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-56-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Kakui
- Research Institute for New Product Development, Suntory Ltd., 1-1 Wakayama-dai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618 Japan
| | - Y. Ishibashi
- Research Institute for New Product Development, Suntory Ltd., 1-1 Wakayama-dai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618 Japan
| | - A. Miyake
- Research Institute for New Product Development, Suntory Ltd., 1-1 Wakayama-dai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618 Japan
| | - Y. Terano
- Research Institute for New Product Development, Suntory Ltd., 1-1 Wakayama-dai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618 Japan
| | - K. Nakatani
- Research Institute for New Product Development, Suntory Ltd., 1-1 Wakayama-dai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sumi R, Miyake A, Endo T, Ohsato Y, Ngo MH, Nishigaki K. Polymerase chain reaction-based detection of myc transduction in feline leukemia virus-infected cats. Arch Virol 2018; 163:1073-1077. [PMID: 29353423 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Feline lymphomas are associated with the transduction and activation of cellular proto-oncogenes, such as c-myc, by feline leukemia virus (FeLV). We describe a polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of myc transduction usable in clinical diagnosis. The assay targets c-myc exons 2 and 3, which together result in a FeLV-specific fusion gene following c-myc transduction. When this assay was conducted on FeLV-infected feline tissues submitted for clinical diagnosis of tumors, myc transduction was detected in 14% of T-cell lymphoma/leukemias. This newly established system could become a useful diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sumi
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Taiji Endo
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | | | - Minh Ha Ngo
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuki M, Miyake A, Nakatsumi H, Hirayama K, Ishioka A, Yamashita H, Komatsu Y. Family exposure to cyclophosphamide during outpatient treatment. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx668.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
Miyake A, Shirakashi Y, Tsukita K, Yamakado H, Kondo T, Higuchi O, Nakane S, Takahashi R, Akiguchi I. A case of autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy with chronic autonomic failure. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
16
|
Makundi I, Koshida Y, Kuse K, Hiratsuka T, Ito J, Baba T, Watanabe S, Kawamura M, Odahara Y, Miyake A, Yamamoto H, Kuniyoshi S, Onuma M, Nishigaki K. Epidemiologic survey of feline leukemia virus in domestic cats on Tsushima Island, Japan: management strategy for Tsushima leopard cats. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:889-895. [PMID: 28782421 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717725551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tsushima leopard cat (TLC) Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, a subspecies of P. bengalensis, is designated a National Natural Monument of Japan, and lives only on Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. TLCs are threatened by various infectious diseases. Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) causes a serious infectious disease with a poor prognosis in cats. Therefore, the transmission of FeLV from Tsushima domestic cats (TDCs) to TLCs may threaten the TLC population. We investigated the FeLV infection status of both TDCs and TLCs on Tsushima Island by screening blood samples for FeLV p27 antigen and using PCR to amplify the full-length FeLV env gene. The prevalence of FeLV was 6.4% in TDCs and 0% in TLCs. We also demonstrated that the virus can replicate in the cells of TLCs, suggesting its potential cross-species transmission. The viruses in TDCs were classified as genotype I/clade 3, which is prevalent on a nearby island, based on previous studies of FeLV genotypes and FeLV epidemiology. The FeLV viruses identified on Tsushima Island can be further divided into 2 lineages within genotype I/clade 3, which are geographically separated in Kamijima and Shimojima, indicating that FeLV may have been transmitted to Tsushima Island at least twice. Monitoring FeLV infection in the TDC and TLC populations is highly recommended as part of the TLC surveillance and management strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Makundi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Yushi Koshida
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Kyohei Kuse
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Takahiro Hiratsuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Takuya Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Maki Kawamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Yuka Odahara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Hanae Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Sawako Kuniyoshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Manabu Onuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan (Makundi, Watanabe, Kawamura, Nishigaki).,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (Kuse, Hiratsuka, Ito, Baba, Odahara, Miyake, Nishigaki).,Conservation and Animal Welfare Trust, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Koshida).,Tsushima Rangers Office, Ministry of the Environment, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Japan (Yamamoto, Kuniyoshi).,Ecological Genetics Analysis Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan (Onuma)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Miyazaki Y, Miyake A, Doi N, Koma T, Uchiyama T, Adachi A, Nomaguchi M. Comparison of Biochemical Properties of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Capsid Proteins. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1082. [PMID: 28659897 PMCID: PMC5469281 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely disassembly of viral core composed of self-assembled capsid (CA) in infected host cells is crucial for retroviral replication. Extensive in vitro studies to date on the self-assembly/disassembly mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CA have revealed its core structure and amino acid residues essential for CA–CA intermolecular interaction. However, little is known about in vitro properties of HIV-2 CA. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the polymerization properties of bacterially expressed HIV-1 and HIV-2 CA proteins. Interestingly, a much higher concentration of NaCl was required for HIV-2 CA to self-assemble than that for HIV-1 CA, but once the polymerization started, the reaction proceeded more rapidly than that observed for HIV-1 CA. Analysis of a chimeric protein revealed that N-terminal domain (NTD) is responsible for this unique property of HIV-2 CA. To further study the molecular basis for different in vitro properties of HIV-1 and HIV-2 CA proteins, we determined thermal stabilities of HIV-1 and HIV-2 CA NTD proteins at several NaCl concentrations by fluorescent-based thermal shift assays. Experimental data obtained showed that HIV-2 CA NTD was structurally more stable than HIV-1 CA NTD. Taken together, our results imply that distinct in vitro polymerization abilities of the two CA proteins are related to their structural instability/stability, which is one of the decisive factors for viral replication potential. In addition, our assay system described here may be potentially useful for searching for anti-CA antivirals against HIV-1 and HIV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi UniversityYamaguchi, Japan
| | - Noya Doi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical SciencesTokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Koma
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical SciencesTokushima, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Uchiyama
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical SciencesTokushima, Japan
| | - Akio Adachi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical SciencesTokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical SciencesTokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kawamura M, Umehara D, Odahara Y, Miyake A, Ngo MH, Ohsato Y, Hisasue M, Nakaya MA, Watanabe S, Nishigaki K. AKT capture by feline leukemia virus. Arch Virol 2016; 162:1031-1036. [PMID: 28005210 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene-containing retroviruses are generated by recombination events between viral and cellular sequences, a phenomenon called "oncogene capture". The captured cellular genes, referred to as "v-onc" genes, then acquire new oncogenic properties. We report a novel feline leukemia virus (FeLV), designated "FeLV-AKT", that has captured feline c-AKT1 in feline lymphoma. FeLV-AKT contains a gag-AKT fusion gene that encodes the myristoylated Gag matrix protein and the kinase domain of feline c-AKT1, but not its pleckstrin homology domain. Therefore, it differs structurally from the v-Akt gene of murine retrovirus AKT8. AKT may be involved in the mechanisms underlying malignant diseases in cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Kawamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Daigo Umehara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yuka Odahara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Minh Ha Ngo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | | | - Masaharu Hisasue
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine 2, Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71, Fuchinobe, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Nakaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishigaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Murakami T, Kurachi H, Nakamura H, Tsuda K, Miyake A, Tomoda K, Hori S, Kozuka T. Cervical Invasion of Endometrial Carcinoma — Evaluation by Parasagittal MR Imaging. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418519503600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-seven consecutive patients were examined by T2-(1 800/70 ms) and postcontrast T1-weighted (600/15) spin echo (SE) or dynamic (200/15) SE MR imaging to determine the usefulness of parasagittal MR imaging in assessing cervical invasion of endometrial carcinoma. The images were obtained in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the uterus (parasagittal). The cervical epithelium, being hyperintense on the late phase dynamic and postcontrast T1-weighted SE images, had disappeared partially or totally in all 4 patients with cervical invasion. The enhanced cervical epithelium was completely seen in one patient with the tumor protruding into the cervical canal in a polyp-like form without cervical epithelial invasion. The same was also seen in the 22 patients with the tumor remaining in the corpus cavity. The enhanced parasagittal MR images facilitated the evaluation of the extent of the endometrial carcinoma.
Collapse
|
20
|
Sakai Y, Miyake A, Doi N, Sasada H, Miyazaki Y, Adachi A, Nomaguchi M. Expression Profiles of Vpx/Vpr Proteins Are Co-related with the Primate Lentiviral Lineage. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1211. [PMID: 27536295 PMCID: PMC4971069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and some simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) lineages carry a unique accessory protein called Vpx. Vpx is essential or critical for viral replication in natural target cells such as macrophages and T lymphocytes. We have previously shown that a poly-proline motif (PPM) located at the C-terminal region of Vpx is required for its efficient expression in two strains of HIV-2 and SIVmac, and that the Vpx expression levels of the two clones are significantly different. Notably, the PPM sequence is conserved and confined to Vpx and Vpr proteins derived from certain lineages of HIV-2/SIVs. In this study, Vpx/Vpr proteins from diverse primate lentiviral lineages were experimentally and phylogenetically analyzed to obtain the general expression picture in cells. While both the level and PPM-dependency of Vpx/Vpr expression in transfected cells varied among viral strains, each viral group, based on Vpx/Vpr amino acid sequences, was found to exhibit a characteristic expression profile. Moreover, phylogenetic tree analyses on Gag and Vpx/Vpr proteins gave essentially the same results. Taken together, our study described here suggests that each primate lentiviral lineage may have developed a unique expression pattern of Vpx/Vpr proteins for adaptation to its hostile cellular and species environments in the process of viral evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sakai
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Naoya Doi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hikari Sasada
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Adachi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nagoshi N, Kaneko S, Fujiyoshi K, Takemitsu M, Yagi M, Iizuka S, Miyake A, Hasegawa A, Machida M, Konomi T, Machida M, Asazuma T, Nakamura M. Characteristics of neuropathic pain and its relationship with quality of life in 72 patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2015; 54:656-61. [DOI: 10.1038/sc.2015.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
22
|
Tokunaga M, Akaki M, Ito T, Miyahara S, Miyake A, Kuwahara H, Furukawa N. Magnetic control of transverse electric polarization in BiFeO3. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5878. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
23
|
Miyake A, Miyazaki Y, Fujita M, Nomaguchi M, Adachi A. Role of poly-proline motif in HIV-2 Vpx expression. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:24. [PMID: 24478770 PMCID: PMC3904113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- School of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Kumamoto University Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akio Adachi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Miyake A, Fujita M, Fujino H, Koga R, Kawamura S, Otsuka M, Ode H, Iwatani Y, Sakai Y, Doi N, Nomaguchi M, Adachi A, Miyazaki Y. Poly-proline motif in HIV-2 Vpx is critical for its efficient translation. J Gen Virol 2014; 95:179-189. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.057364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) carries an accessory protein Vpx that is important for viral replication in natural target cells. In its C-terminal region, there is a highly conserved poly-proline motif (PPM) consisting of seven consecutive prolines, encoded in a poly-pyrimidine tract. We have previously shown that PPM is critical for Vpx expression and viral infectivity. To elucidate the molecular basis underlying this observation, we analysed the expression of Vpx proteins with various PPM mutations by in vivo and in vitro systems. We found that the number and position of consecutive prolines in PPM are important for Vpx expression, and demonstrated that PPM is essential for efficient Vpx translation. Furthermore, mutational analysis to synonymously disrupt the poly-pyrimidine tract suggested that the context of PPM amino acid sequences is required for efficient translation of Vpx. We similarly analysed HIV-1 and HIV-2 Vpr proteins structurally related to HIV-2 Vpx. Expression level of the two Vpr proteins lacking PPM was shown to be much lower relative to that of Vpx, and not meaningfully enhanced by introduction of PPM at the C terminus. Finally, we examined the Vpx of simian immunodeficiency virus from rhesus monkeys (SIVmac), which also has seven consecutive prolines, for PPM-dependent expression. A multi-substitution mutation in the PPM markedly reduced the expression level of SIVmac Vpx. Taken together, it can be concluded that the notable PPM sequence enhances the expression of Vpx proteins from viruses of the HIV-2/SIVmac group at the translational level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Research Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruna Fujino
- Department of Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryoko Koga
- Department of Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sogo Kawamura
- Department of Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Department of Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ode
- Japanese Foundation for AIDS Prevention, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Iwatani
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sakai
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naoya Doi
- Japanese Foundation for AIDS Prevention, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Nomaguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akio Adachi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kobayashi-Ishihara M, Yamagishi M, Hara T, Matsuda Y, Takahashi R, Miyake A, Nakano K, Yamochi T, Ishida T, Watanabe T. HIV-1-encoded antisense RNA suppresses viral replication for a prolonged period. Retrovirology 2012; 9:38. [PMID: 22569184 PMCID: PMC3410806 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence proposes a novel concept that mammalian natural antisense RNAs play important roles in cellular homeostasis by regulating the expression of several genes. Identification and characterization of retroviral antisense RNA would provide new insights into mechanisms of replication and pathogenesis. HIV-1 encoded-antisense RNAs have been reported, although their structures and functions remain to be studied. We have tried to identify and characterize antisense RNAs of HIV-1 and their function in viral infection. RESULTS Characterization of transcripts of HEK293T cells that were transiently transfected with an expression plasmid with HIV-1NL4-3 DNA in the antisense orientation showed that various antisense transcripts can be expressed. By screening and characterizing antisense RNAs in HIV-1NL4-3-infected cells, we defined the primary structure of a major form of HIV-1 antisense RNAs, which corresponds to a variant of previously reported ASP mRNA. This 2.6 kb RNA was transcribed from the U3 region of the 3' LTR and terminated at the env region in acutely or chronically infected cell lines and acutely infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Reporter assays clearly demonstrated that the HIV-1 LTR harbours promoter activity in the reverse orientation. Mutation analyses suggested the involvement of NF-κΒ binding sites in the regulation of antisense transcription. The antisense RNA was localized in the nuclei of the infected cells. The expression of this antisense RNA suppressed HIV-1 replication for more than one month. Furthermore, the specific knockdown of this antisense RNA enhanced HIV-1 gene expression and replication. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study identified an accurate structure of the major form of antisense RNAs expressed from the HIV-1NL4-3 provirus and demonstrated its nuclear localization. Functional studies collectively demonstrated a new role of the antisense RNA in viral replication. Thus, we suggest a novel viral mechanism that self-limits HIV-1 replication and provides new insight into the viral life cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kobayashi-Ishihara
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yamagishi M, Nakano K, Miyake A, Yamochi T, Kagami Y, Tsutsumi A, Matsuda Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Muto S, Utsunomiya A, Yamaguchi K, Uchimaru K, Ogawa S, Watanabe T. Polycomb-mediated loss of miR-31 activates NIK-dependent NF-κB pathway in adult T cell leukemia and other cancers. Cancer Cell 2012; 21:121-35. [PMID: 22264793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive NF-κB activation has causative roles in adult T cell leukemia (ATL) caused by HTLV-1 and other cancers. Here, we report a pathway involving Polycomb-mediated miRNA silencing and NF-κB activation. We determine the miRNA signatures and reveal miR-31 loss in primary ATL cells. MiR-31 negatively regulates the noncanonical NF-κB pathway by targeting NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK). Loss of miR-31 therefore triggers oncogenic signaling. In ATL cells, miR-31 level is epigenetically regulated, and aberrant upregulation of Polycomb proteins contribute to miR-31 downregulation in an epigenetic fashion, leading to activation of NF-κB and apoptosis resistance. Furthermore, this emerging circuit operates in other cancers and receptor-initiated NF-κB cascade. Our findings provide a perspective involving the epigenetic program, inflammatory responses, and oncogenic signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Retroviruses can cause diseases such as AIDS, leukemia, and tumors, but are also used as vectors for human gene therapy. All retroviruses, except foamy viruses, package two copies of unspliced genomic RNA into their progeny viruses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of retroviral genome packaging will aid the design of new anti-retroviral drugs targeting the packaging process and improve the efficacy of retroviral vectors. Retroviral genomes have to be specifically recognized by the cognate nucleocapsid domain of the Gag polyprotein from among an excess of cellular and spliced viral mRNA. Extensive virological and structural studies have revealed how retroviral genomic RNA is selectively packaged into the viral particles. The genomic area responsible for the packaging is generally located in the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR), and contains dimerization site(s). Recent studies have shown that retroviral genome packaging is modulated by structural changes of RNA at the 5′ UTR accompanied by the dimerization. In this review, we focus on three representative retroviruses, Moloney murine leukemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2, and describe the molecular mechanism of retroviral genome packaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yamagishi M, Nakano K, Yamochi T, Miyake A, Kagami Y, Tsutsumi A, Otsubo A, Ogawa S, Utsunomiya A, Yamaguchi K, Uchimaru K, Watanabe T. Genetic and epigenetic loss of miR-31 activates NIK-dependent NF-κB pathway in Adult T-cell Leukemia. Retrovirology 2011. [PMCID: PMC3112596 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-s1-a128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
29
|
Abstract
Nuclear phenomena at conjugation of the multimicronucleate ciliate Blepharisma japonicum were investigated by using fluorescence microscopy. Several hours after cells united in pairs, micronuclei differentiated into meiotic micronuclei and "somatomicronuclei". Meiotic micro-nuclei participated in conventional sexual processes producing new micro- and macronuclei through meiosis, karyogamy and postkaryogamic mitoses. On the other hand, somatomicronuclei participated in characteristic asexual processes in which each micronucleus differentiated into a macronucleus without undergoing any nuclear division and karyogamy. These two paths of macronucleus differentiation, one sexual and the other asexual, proceeded side by side in each cell, but eventually one path dominated the other. The sexual path regularly dominated in crossing conjugation which was induced by mixing clones of complementary mating types I and II. However, if macronuclear anlagen in the sexual path were removed, the asexual path took over to form macronuclei, indicating that the asexual path serves as a reserve path of macronucleus formation. The asexual path regularly dominated in intraclonal conjugation of high-frequency selfers, suggesting that it functions in reducing the genetic effect of inbreeding. These findings not only clarify nuclear phenomena at conjugation in Blepharisma, but also provide a new opportunity for the study of macronucleus differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Miyake
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Animal Biology, University of Camerino, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nagao T, Yamashita T, Miyake A, Uchiyama T, Nomaguchi M, Adachi A. Different interaction between HIV-1 Vif and its cellular target proteins APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F. J Med Invest 2010; 57:89-94. [PMID: 20299747 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.57.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
We examined a series of site-directed point mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif for their interaction with cellular anti-viral factors APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F. Mutant viruses that display growth-defect in H9 cells did not counteract effectively APOBEC3G and/or APOBEC3F without exception, as monitored by single-cycle infectivity assays. While growth-defective mutants of Vif C-terminal region were unable to suppress APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F, some N-terminal region mutants did neutralize one of APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F. These data have suggested that members of APOBEC3 family other than APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F are not important for anti-HIV-1 activity. Furthermore, APOPEC3G/APOBEC3F were found to differently associate with Vif in virions as analyzed by equilibrium density centrifugation. Taken together, these results indicated that interaction of HIV-1 Vif and APOBEC3G is distinct from that between Vif and APOBEC3F.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamiko Nagao
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Aoki D, Bourdarot F, Hassinger E, Knebel G, Miyake A, Raymond S, Taufour V, Flouquet J. Field re-entrant hidden-order phase under pressure in URu2Si2. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:164205. [PMID: 21386411 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/16/164205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We succeeded in growing high quality single crystals of URu(2)Si(2) and performed thermal expansion measurements under pressure. Applying a magnetic field along the [001] direction in the tetragonal structure, the so-called hidden-order phase reappears after the suppression of the antiferromagnetic phase above the critical pressure P(x). We determined the pressure-temperature-field phase diagram for the paramagnetic, hidden-order and antiferromagnetic states for the [Formula: see text] direction. We also present the temperature dependence of the upper critical field H(c2) for [Formula: see text] and [100] determined by the AC specific heat measurements, corresponding to the bulk superconductivity in a high quality single crystal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Aoki
- INAC/SPSMS, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamashita T, Nomaguchi M, Miyake A, Uchiyama T, Adachi A. Status of APOBEC3G/F in cells and progeny virions modulated by Vif determines HIV-1 infectivity. Microbes Infect 2010; 12:166-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 11/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
33
|
Fujiwara K, Kataoka T, Miyake A, Kamiura S, Nishizawa Y. P1011 Expression of p21Cip1/Waf1 and p27Kip1 in small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)62497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
Cai JM, Dür W, Van den Nest M, Miyake A, Briegel HJ. Quantum computation in correlation space and extremal entanglement. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:050503. [PMID: 19792472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a framework was established to systematically construct novel universal resource states for measurement-based quantum computation using techniques involving finitely correlated states. With these methods, universal states were found which are in certain ways much less entangled than the original cluster-state model, and it was hence believed that with this approach, many of the extremal entanglement features of the cluster states could be relaxed. The new resources were constructed as "computationally universal" states-i.e., they allow one to efficiently reproduce the classical output of each quantum computation-whereas the cluster states are universal in a stronger sense since they are "universal state preparators." Here, we show that the new resources are universal state preparators after all, and must therefore exhibit a whole class of extremal entanglement features, similar to the cluster states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-M Cai
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation der Osterreichischen, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Iyatomi H, Oka H, Hagiwara M, Miyake A, Kimoto M, Ogawa K, Tanaka M. Computerized quantification of psoriasis lesions with colour calibration: preliminary results. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 34:830-3. [PMID: 19438532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An evaluation was made of a fully automated index of psoriasis, termed Computer-assisted Area and Severity Index (CASI). This method requires taking digital photographs of the target skin area(s) with a colour reference marker, Casmatch. The CASI evaluates the severity of the psoriasis from the size and redness of the lesion(s). In five patients with mild psoriasis vulgaris mainly observed on their trunk, 18 photographs of the trunk were taken every 2 weeks. Three of the five patients [Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) of 3.0, 3.6 and 10.1, respectively] were treated with oral cyclosporin 3 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. The mean +/- SD area of lesion selected by a dermatologist was 2.3 +/- 1.3% of the total skin area. This method achieved extraction performance for psoriasis of 72.1 +/- 19.4% for sensitivity and 97.4 +/- 2.0% for specificity. CASI correlated strongly with PASI (r = 0.92), but not with Skindex16 (r = 0.35). Although only erythema was evaluated, our preliminary results indicate that this method is capable of quantifying psoriasis lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Iyatomi
- Department of Electronic Informatics, Hosei University Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dabaghmanesh N, Matsubara A, Miyake A, Nakano K, Ishida T, Katano H, Horie R, Umezawa K, Watanabe T. Transient inhibition of NF-κB by DHMEQ induces cell death of primary effusion lymphoma without HHV-8 reactivation. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:737-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
37
|
Yamagishi M, Ishida T, Miyake A, Cooper DA, Kelleher AD, Suzuki K, Watanabe T. Retroviral delivery of promoter-targeted shRNA induces long-term silencing of HIV-1 transcription. Microbes Infect 2009; 11:500-8. [PMID: 19233310 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported prolonged HIV-1 transcriptional gene silencing by an RNA duplex targeting a sequence located within the NF-kappaB binding motif of the HIV-1 promoter in a susceptible HeLa cell line. Here we report extremely prolonged suppression of productive HIV-1 infection in a T-cell line (Molt-4) by a retrovirally delivered short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the same region (shkappaB). Following retroviral delivery of an shRNA we established shRNA-expressing CD4(+) T-cell lines. HIV-1 gene expression was profoundly suppressed for 1 year. Results of nuclear run-on assays and HIV-1 LTR-luciferase reporter assays revealed that shkappaB acted by inhibition of HIV-1 transcription. The effect was reversed by a histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin-A (TSA), but not by a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC). Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP) demonstrated rapid, sustained induction of heterochromatin structures within the HIV-1 promoter region, with enrichment of histone 3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) and H3K9 methylation. H3K27me3 enrichment was the most pronounced. This prolonged suppression could not be recapitulated by either retrovirally delivered anti-sense or sense strands alone or in combination. Our data strongly suggest that shkappaB induces high level, sustained transcriptional gene silencing of HIV-1 and offers the possibility of new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Miyake A, Dewan MZ, Ishida T, Watanabe M, Honda M, Sata T, Yamamoto N, Umezawa K, Watanabe T, Horie R. Induction of apoptosis in Epstein-Barr virus-infected B-lymphocytes by the NF-kappaB inhibitor DHMEQ. Microbes Infect 2008; 10:748-56. [PMID: 18538617 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2008] [Revised: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases in patients with profound immune suppression. Most of these diseases are life-threatening and the prognosis of AIDS-associated lymphomas is extremely unfavorable. Polyclonal expansion of virus infected B-cell predisposes them to transformation. We investigated the possibility of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) inhibition by dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) for the treatment and prevention of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases. We examined the effect of DHMEQ on apoptosis induction in four EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with EBV under immunosuppressed condition. DHMEQ inhibits NF-kappaB activation in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines and induces apoptosis by activation of mitochondrial and membranous pathways. Using an in vivo NOD/SCIDgammac mouse model, we showed that DHMEQ has a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of lymphoblastoid cells. In addition, DHMEQ selectively purges EBV-infected cells expressing latent membrane protein (LMP) 1 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and inhibits the outgrowth of lymphoblastoid cells. These results suggest that NF-kappaB is a molecular target for the treatment and prevention of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases. As a potent NF-kappaB inhibitor, DHMEQ is a potential compound for applying this strategy in clinical medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Miyake A, Ibuki K, Enose Y, Suzuki H, Horiuchi R, Motohara M, Saito N, Nakasone T, Honda M, Watanabe T, Miura T, Hayami M. Rapid dissemination of a pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus to systemic organs and active replication in lymphoid tissues following intrarectal infection. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:1311-1320. [PMID: 16603534 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of virological events during the early phase of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection is important for development of effective antiviral vaccines. In this study, by using quantitative PCR and an infectious plaque assay, virus distribution and replication were examined in various internal organs of rhesus macaques for almost 1 month after intrarectal inoculation of a pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV-C2/1-KS661c). At 3 days post-inoculation (p.i.), proviral DNA was detected in the rectum, thymus and axillary lymph node. In lymphoid tissues, infectious virus was first detected at 6 days p.i. and a high level of proviral DNA and infectious virus were both detected at 13 days p.i. By 27 days p.i., levels of infectious virus decreased dramatically, although proviral DNA load remained unaltered. In the intestinal tract, levels of infectious virus detected were much lower than in lymphoid tissues, whereas proviral DNA was detected at the same level as in lymphoid tissues throughout the infection. In the thymus and jejunum, CD4CD8 double-positive T cells were depleted earlier than CD4 single-positive cells. These results show that the virus spread quickly to systemic tissues after mucosal transmission. Thereafter, infectious virus was actively produced in the lymphoid tissues, but levels decreased significantly after the peak of viraemia. In contrast, in the intestinal tract, infectious virus was produced at low levels from the beginning of infection. Moreover, virus pathogenesis differed in CD4 single-positive and CD4CD8 double-positive T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ibuki
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Enose
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hajime Suzuki
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Reii Horiuchi
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Makiko Motohara
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoki Saito
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuo Honda
- National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miura
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masanori Hayami
- Institute for Virus Research, Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Horiuchi R, Akahata W, Kuwata T, Enose Y, Ido E, Suzuki H, Miyake A, Saito N, Ibuki K, Goto T, Miura T, Hayami M. DNA vaccination of macaques by a full-genome SHIV plasmid that has an IL-2 gene and produces non-infectious virus particles. Vaccine 2006; 24:3677-85. [PMID: 16085341 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2004] [Revised: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that a mutant full-sized plasmid DNA vaccine regime in macaques was effective against a homologous challenge [Akahata W, Ido E, Shimada T, Katsuyama K, Yamamoto H, Uesaka H, et al. DNA vaccination of macaques by a full genome HIV-1 plasmid which produces non-infectious virus particles. Virology 2000;275:116-24; Akahata W, Ido E, Akiyama H, Uesaka H, Enose Y, Horiuchi R, et al. DNA vaccination of macaques by a full genome SHIV-1 plasmid that produces non-infectious virus particles. J Gen Virol 2003;84:2237-44]. In this study, to evaluate the DNA vaccination regime against a heterologous challenge, a novel plasmid named pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2 was constructed. Four monkeys were intramuscularly and intradermally injected four times with the pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2. Vaccinated monkeys were intravenously challenged with a highly pathogenic, heterologous SHIV at 11 weeks post vaccination. All the vaccinated monkeys suppressed the challenge virus rapidly under the detectable level by 16 weeks post challenge. One vaccinated monkey was protected from a loss of CD4+ T cells. These results suggest pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2 alone seems partially effective even against a challenge with a heterologous, pathogenic virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reii Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Motohara M, Ibuki K, Miyake A, Fukazawa Y, Inaba K, Suzuki H, Masuda K, Minato N, Kawamoto H, Nakasone T, Honda M, Hayami M, Miura T. Impaired T-cell differentiation in the thymus at the early stages of acute pathogenic chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection in contrast to less pathogenic SHIV infection. Microbes Infect 2006; 8:1539-49. [PMID: 16702011 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2006.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2005] [Revised: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the mechanisms by which HIV infection induces the depletion of CD4+ T cells has been suggested to be impairment of T-cell development in the thymus, although there is no direct evidence that this occurs. To examine this possibility, we compared T-cell maturation in the intrathymic progenitors between macaques infected with an acute pathogenic chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), which causes profound and irreversible CD4+ T-cell depletion, and macaques infected with a less pathogenic SHIV, which causes only a transient CD4+ T-cell decline. Within 27 days post-inoculation (dpi), the two virus infections caused similar increases in plasma viral loads and similar decreases in CD4+ T-cell counts. However, in the thymus, the acute pathogenic SHIV resulted in increased thymic involution, atrophy and the depletion of immature T cells including CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) cells, whereas the less pathogenic SHIV did not have these effects. Ex vivo differentiation of CD3(-)CD4(-)CD8(-) triple-negative (TN) intrathymic progenitors to DP cells was assessed by a monkey-mouse xenogenic fetal thymus organ culture system. Differentiation was impaired in the TN intrathymic progenitors of the acute pathogenic SHIV-infected monkeys, while differentiation was not impaired in the TN intrathymic progenitors of the less pathogenic SHIV-infected monkeys. These differences suggest that dysfunction of thymic maturation makes an important contribution to the irreversible depletion of circulating CD4+ T cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Motohara
- Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawara-Machi, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kamoi K, Yamamoto K, Misawa A, Miyake A, Ishida T, Tanaka Y, Mochizuki M, Watanabe T. SUV39H1 interacts with HTLV-1 Tax and abrogates Tax transactivation of HTLV-1 LTR. Retrovirology 2006; 3:5. [PMID: 16409643 PMCID: PMC1363732 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 01/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tax is the oncoprotein of HTLV-1 which deregulates signal transduction pathways, transcription of genes and cell cycle regulation of host cells. Transacting function of Tax is mainly mediated by its protein-protein interactions with host cellular factors. As to Tax-mediated regulation of gene expression of HTLV-1 and cellular genes, Tax was shown to regulate histone acetylation through its physical interaction with histone acetylases and deacetylases. However, functional interaction of Tax with histone methyltransferases (HMTase) has not been studied. Here we examined the ability of Tax to interact with a histone methyltransferase SUV39H1 that methylates histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and represses transcription of genes, and studied the functional effects of the interaction on HTLV-1 gene expression. Results Tax was shown to interact with SUV39H1 in vitro, and the interaction is largely dependent on the C-terminal half of SUV39H1 containing the SET domain. Tax does not affect the methyltransferase activity of SUV39H1 but tethers SUV39H1 to a Tax containing complex in the nuclei. In reporter gene assays, co-expression of SUV39H1 represses Tax transactivation of HTLV-1 LTR promoter activity, which was dependent on the methyltransferase activity of SUV39H1. Furthermore, SUV39H1 expression is induced along with Tax in JPX9 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis shows localization of SUV39H1 on the LTR after Tax induction, but not in the absence of Tax induction, in JPX9 transformants retaining HTLV-1-Luc plasmid. Immunoblotting shows higher levels of SUV39H1 expression in HTLV-1 transformed and latently infected cell lines. Conclusion Our study revealed for the first time the interaction between Tax and SUV39H1 and apparent tethering of SUV39H1 by Tax to the HTLV-1 LTR. It is speculated that Tax-mediated tethering of SUV39H1 to the LTR and induction of the repressive histone modification on the chromatin through H3 K9 methylation may be the basis for the dose-dependent repression of Tax transactivation of LTR by SUV39H1. Tax-induced SUV39H1 expression, Tax-SUV39H1 interaction and tethering to the LTR may provide a support for an idea that the above sequence of events may form a negative feedback loop that self-limits HTLV-1 viral gene expression in infected cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koju Kamoi
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | | | - Aya Misawa
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takaomi Ishida
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Manabu Mochizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Miyake A, Ibuki K, Suzuki H, Horiuchi R, Saito N, Motohara M, Hayami M, Miura T. Early virological events in various tissues of newborn monkeys after intrarectal infection with pathogenic simian human immunodeficiency virus. J Med Primatol 2005; 34:294-302. [PMID: 16128924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2005.00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 often have higher viral loads and progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome more rapidly than adults. In our previous study of simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected adult monkeys, immature CD4CD8 double-positive T cells in the thymus and jejunum decreased faster than mature CD4 single-positive T cells. Here, we examined the effect of virus replication on immature T cells from the same SHIV-inoculated newborn monkeys having more immature T cells than adults. The infectious viruses were more abundantly detected in the thymus than in other tissues at both 13 and 26 days post-infection (dpi). However, mature CD4(+) T cells in the thymus declined after 13 dpi and immature CD3(-) CD4 single-positive T cells remained at 26 dpi. These results suggested that many immature CD4(+) T cells in the thymus of newborns support the production of infectious viruses even after the depletion of mature CD4(+) T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Suzuki H, Motohara M, Miyake A, Ibuki K, Fukazawa Y, Inaba K, Masuda K, Minato N, Kawamoto H, Hayami M, Miura T. Intrathymic effect of acute pathogenic SHIV infection on T-lineage cells in newborn macaques. Microbiol Immunol 2005; 49:667-79. [PMID: 16034211 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We intrarectally infected newborn macaques with a pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) that induced rapid and profound CD4 (+) T cell depletion, and examined the early effects of this SHIV on the thymus. After intrarectal infection, viral loads were much higher in the thymus than in other lymphoid tissues in newborns. In contrast, no clear difference was seen in the viral loads of different tissues in adults. Histological and immunohistochemical observations showed severe thymic involution. Depletion of CD4 (+) thymocytes began in the medulla at 2 weeks post infection and spread over the whole thymus. After in vivo infection, the CD2 (+) subpopulation, which represents a relatively later stage of T cell progenitors, was selectively reduced and development of thymocytes from CD3 (-) CD4 (-) CD8 (-) cells to CD4 (+) CD8 (+) cells was impaired. These results suggest that profound and irreversible loss of CD4 (+) cells that are observed in the peripheral blood of SHIV-infected monkeys are due to destruction of the thymus and impaired thymopoiesis as a result of SHIV infection in the thymus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Suzuki
- Laboratory of Primate Model, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Intraepidermal T lymphocytes found in psoriatic skin lesions are involved in the development and maintenance of lesional pathology. It has become clear that differential expression of homing and chemokine receptors determines the specific migration of T cells to distinct tissues and microenvironments, including psoriasis lesions. The aim of the present study was to clarify expression of homing (CLA, VLA-4, and LFA-1) and chemokine (CCR4, CCR6, CCR7, and CXCR3) receptors on intraepidermal T cells in psoriatic lesions using flow cytometry. The vast majority of intraepidermal T cells in psoriatic lesions expressed CLA and LFA-1, whereas 58% of CD4+ and 85% of CD8+ T cells expressed VLA-4. The majority of CD4+ T cells and about half of the CD8+ T cells expressed CCR4 and CCR6, whereas less than one-third of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressed CXCR3 or CCR7. In patients with psoriasis the percentages of T cells expressing CLA, CCR4, and CCR6 were much higher in the epidermis of psoriatic plaques than in the peripheral blood. Thus, CLA, CCR4, and CCR6 may play a more important role in the migration of T cells to psoriatic epidermis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Teraki
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Enose Y, Kita M, Yamamoto T, Suzuki H, Miyake A, Horiuchi R, Ibuki K, Kaneyasu K, Kuwata T, Takahashi E, Sakai K, Shinohara K, Miura T, Hayami M. Protective effects of nef-deleted SHIV or that having IFN-? against disease induced with a pathogenic virus early after vaccination. Arch Virol 2004; 149:1705-20. [PMID: 15593414 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-004-0333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the involvement of primitive non-specific immune responses in the protective effects of a live, attenuated virus, each two rhesus macaques were intravenously immunized with an attenuated chimeric simian and human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) in which the nef gene was deleted (SHIV-NI) or a SHIV having human IFN-gamma inserted into the deleted nef region (SHIV IFN-gamma). These immunized monkeys were intravenously challenged with a heterologous pathogenic SHIV (SHIV-C2/1) at four weeks post immunization (wpi). After vaccination, one of each SHIV-NI- or SHIV IFN-gamma-immunized monkeys showed a low level of SIV Gag-specific lymphocyte proliferative response but did not have neutralizing antibodies to both the parental and challenge viruses. After the challenge, the plasma viral RNA loads of the challenge virus were suppressed in all the immunized monkeys and the severe CD4+ T cell loss observed in the unimmunized monkeys was not found. Thus, both SHIV IFN-gamma and SHIV-NI infections could prevent from disease progression by a pathogenic virus early after immunization, suggesting that primitive non-specific immune response elicited by attenuated virus infection, in addition to highly acquired virus-specific immunity, contributes to the protective effect against a pathogenic virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Enose
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Miyake A, Enose Y, Ohkura S, Suzuki H, Kuwata T, Shimada T, Kato S, Narayan O, Hayami M. The quantity and diversity of infectious viruses in various tissues of SHIV-infected monkeys at the early and AIDS stages. Arch Virol 2004; 149:943-55. [PMID: 15098109 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-003-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2002] [Accepted: 10/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To detect the major sites of viral replication in immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, we quantified proviral DNA and infectious viruses using quantitative PCR and a plaque assay, respectively, in various tissues of SHIV(KU-2)-infected monkeys in the early and AIDS stages of infection. Compared the quantity of infectious virus among PBMC and the lymphoid tissues, the mesenteric lymph node had the largest number of infectious viruses at the AIDS stage more than at the early stage of infection. These results suggested that the gastrointestinal tract was a major site of viral replication. In the brain, proviral DNA was detected at the early and AIDS stage of infection, but infectious viruses were detected at only the AIDS stage. Moreover, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the env V3 region in infectious virus clones isolated from each plaque. The viruses in the lymphoid tissues of the monkey that developed AIDS diverged from the inoculated virus and had the same three amino acid substitutions. However, the viruses in the brain were almost identical to the inoculated virus, suggesting that the virus entered the brain early after infection and persisted without replication and genetic diversion until the AIDS stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Miyake
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Miyake A, Akagi T, Enose Y, Ueno M, Kawamura M, Horiuchi R, Hiraishi K, Adachi M, Serizawa T, Narayan O, Akashi M, Baba M, Hayami M. Induction of HIV-specific antibody response and protection against vaginal SHIV transmission by intranasal immunization with inactivated SHIV-capturing nanospheres in macaques. J Med Virol 2004; 73:368-77. [PMID: 15170630 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) could efficiently capture HIV-1 particles and that intranasal immunization with inactivated HIV-1-capturing nanospheres (HIV-NS) induced vaginal anti-HIV-1 IgA antibody response in mice. In this study, to evaluate the protective effect of immunization, each three macaques was intranasally immunized with Con A-NS or inactivated simian/human immunodeficiency virus KU-2-capturing nanospheres (SHIV-NS) and then intravaginally challenged with a pathogenic virus, SHIV KU-2. After a series of six immunizations, vaginal anti-HIV-1 gp120 IgA and IgG antibodies were detected in all SHIV-NS-immunized macaques. After intravaginal challenge, one of the three macaques in each of the Con A-NS- and SHIV-NS-immunized groups was infected. Plasma viral RNA load of infected macaque in SHIV-NS-immunized macaques was substantially less than that in unimmunized control macaque and reached below the detectable level. However, it could not be determined whether intranasal immunization with SHIV-NS is effective in giving complete protection against intravaginal challenge. To explore the effect of the SHIV-NS vaccine, the remaining non-infected macaques were rechallenged intravenously with SHIV KU-2. After intravenous challenge, all macaques became infected. However, SHIV-NS-immunized macaques had lower viral RNA loads and higher CD4(+) T cell counts than unimmunized control macaques. Plasma anti-HIV-1 gp120 IgA and IgG antibodies were induced more rapidly in the SHIV-NS-immunized macaques than in the controls. The rapid antibody responses having neutralizing activity might contribute to the clearance of the challenge virus. Thus, SHIV-NS-immunized macaques exhibited partial protection to vaginal and systemic challenges with SHIV KU-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariko Miyake
- Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Disease, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Inamura K, Sano Y, Mochizuki S, Yokoi H, Miyake A, Nozawa K, Kitada C, Matsushime H, Furuichi K. Response to ADP-ribose by activation of TRPM2 in the CRI-G1 insulinoma cell line. J Membr Biol 2003; 191:201-7. [PMID: 12571754 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-002-1057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The response to intracellular ADP-ribose in the rat CRI-G1 insulinoma cell line was studied using a patch-clamp method. Dialysis of ADP-ribose into cells induced a response in a dose-dependent manner. The reversal potentials in various solutions showed that the ADP-ribose-gated channel was a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel. In inside-out recordings, ADP-ribose and b-NAD induced responses in the same patch. The single-channel current-voltage relationships for ADP-ribose- and b-NAD-induced responses were almost identical, indicating that ADP-ribose and b-NAD activated the same channel. The physiological properties of the ADP-ribose-gated channel are similar to those we reported previously for the cloned transient receptor potential channel TRPM2. Moreover, RT-PCR analysis showed that TRPM2 was abundantly expressed in CRI-G1 cells, suggesting that the ADP-ribose-gated channel represents the native TRPM2 channel in CRI-G1 cells. These results suggest that ADP-ribose can be an endogenous modulator of Ca2+ influx through the TRPM2 channel into CRI-G1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Inamura
- Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Enose Y, Miyake A, Ido E, Hayami M. Infection of a chimeric simian and human immunodeficiency virus with CCR5-specific HIV-1 envelope to Rhesus macaques. J Vet Med Sci 2003; 65:283-6. [PMID: 12655130 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.65.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects lymphocytes and macrophages via CD4 and chemokine receptors. In this study, the infectivity of a chimeric simian and human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) having a CCR5-specific HIV-1 envelope gene was examined. A SHIV strain termed SHIV-JRFL could enter cells via CD4 with a chemokine receptor CCR5, not CXCR4, and the viral replication was suppressed by recombinant human RANTES, one of beta-chemokines. The intravenous inoculation of SHIV-JRFL into two rhesus macaques resulted in a systemic infection, though it was rather weak. During the early infection, the production of RANTES from Con A-stimulated PBMCs of the infected monkeys increased. These results suggested that beta-chemokine has the potential to limit the infectivity of an R5-type SHIV.
Collapse
|