1
|
Jolfayi AG, Kohansal E, Ghasemi S, Naderi N, Hesami M, MozafaryBazargany M, Moghadam MH, Fazelifar AF, Maleki M, Kalayinia S. Exploring TTN variants as genetic insights into cardiomyopathy pathogenesis and potential emerging clues to molecular mechanisms in cardiomyopathies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5313. [PMID: 38438525 PMCID: PMC10912352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The giant protein titin (TTN) is a sarcomeric protein that forms the myofibrillar backbone for the components of the contractile machinery which plays a crucial role in muscle disorders and cardiomyopathies. Diagnosing TTN pathogenic variants has important implications for patient management and genetic counseling. Genetic testing for TTN variants can help identify individuals at risk for developing cardiomyopathies, allowing for early intervention and personalized treatment strategies. Furthermore, identifying TTN variants can inform prognosis and guide therapeutic decisions. Deciphering the intricate genotype-phenotype correlations between TTN variants and their pathologic traits in cardiomyopathies is imperative for gene-based diagnosis, risk assessment, and personalized clinical management. With the increasing use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), a high number of variants in the TTN gene have been detected in patients with cardiomyopathies. However, not all TTN variants detected in cardiomyopathy cohorts can be assumed to be disease-causing. The interpretation of TTN variants remains challenging due to high background population variation. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize current evidence on TTN variants identified in published cardiomyopathy studies and determine which specific variants are likely pathogenic contributors to cardiomyopathy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghaffari Jolfayi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Kohansal
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Serwa Ghasemi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Naderi
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hesami
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hosseini Moghadam
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Farjam Fazelifar
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Kalayinia
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Sun K, Luo Y, Wang B, Yang Y, Chen L, Zheng S, Wu T, Xiao P. Myocardin-related transcription factor A, regulated by serum response factor, contributes to diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. Life Sci 2023; 317:121470. [PMID: 36758668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant contributor to the global pandemic of heart failure. In the present study we investigated the involvement of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), a transcriptional regulator, in this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetic cardiomyopathy was induced in mice by feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) or streptozotocin (STZ) injection. KEY FINDINGS We report that MRTF-A was up-regulated in the hearts of mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy. MRTF-A expression was also up-regulated by treatment with palmitate in cultured cardiomyocytes in vitro. Mechanistically, serum response factor (SRF) bound to the MRTF-A gene promoter and activated MRTF-A transcription in response to pro-diabetic stimuli. Knockdown of SRF abrogated MRTF-A induction in cardiomyocytes treated with palmitate. When cardiomyocytes conditional MRTF-A knockout mice (MRTF-A CKO) and wild type (WT) mice were placed on an HFD to induce diabetic cardiomyopathy, it was found that the CKO mice and the WT mice displayed comparable metabolic parameters including body weight, blood insulin concentration, blood cholesterol concentration, and glucose tolerance. However, both systolic and diastolic cardiac function were exacerbated by MRTF-A deletion in the heart. SIGNIFICANCE These data suggest that MRTF-A up-regulation might serve as an important compensatory mechanism to safeguard the deterioration of cardiac function during diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yajun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Medical Research Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570216, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Long Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Medical Research Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Teng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Pingxi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Faria L, Canato S, Jesus TT, Gonçalves M, Guerreiro PS, Lopes CS, Meireles I, Morais-de-Sá E, Paredes J, Janody F. Activation of an actin signaling pathway in pre-malignant mammary epithelial cells by P-cadherin is essential for transformation. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049652. [PMID: 36808468 PMCID: PMC9983776 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression or function of cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in all steps of tumor progression. Among those, P-cadherin is highly enriched in basal-like breast carcinomas, playing a central role in cancer cell self-renewal, collective cell migration and invasion. To establish a clinically relevant platform for functional exploration of P-cadherin effectors in vivo, we generated a humanized P-cadherin Drosophila model. We report that actin nucleators, Mrtf and Srf, are main P-cadherin effectors in fly. We validated these findings in a human mammary epithelial cell line with conditional activation of the SRC oncogene. We show that, prior to promoting malignant phenotypes, SRC induces a transient increase in P-cadherin expression, which correlates with MRTF-A accumulation, its nuclear translocation and the upregulation of SRF target genes. Moreover, knocking down P-cadherin, or preventing F-actin polymerization, impairs SRF transcriptional activity. Furthermore, blocking MRTF-A nuclear translocation hampers proliferation, self-renewal and invasion. Thus, in addition to sustaining malignant phenotypes, P-cadherin can also play a major role in the early stages of breast carcinogenesis by promoting a transient boost of MRTF-A-SRF signaling through actin regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Faria
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Master Programme in Oncology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Canato
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Physiology and Cancer Program, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida de Brasília, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tito T. Jesus
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gonçalves
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia S. Guerreiro
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Vector B2B - Drug Developing - Associação Para Investigação em Biotecnologia, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla S. Lopes
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Meireles
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eurico Morais-de-Sá
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Paredes
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP, Medical Faculty of University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Florence Janody
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, n 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, P-2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Inazumi H, Kuwahara K. NRSF/REST-Mediated Epigenomic Regulation in the Heart: Transcriptional Control of Natriuretic Peptides and Beyond. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1197. [PMID: 36009824 PMCID: PMC9405064 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of fetal cardiac genes, including those encoding atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), is a key feature of pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Intensive studies on the regulation of ANP and BNP have revealed the involvement of numerous transcriptional factors in the regulation of the fetal cardiac gene program. Among these, we identified that a transcriptional repressor, neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF), also named repressor element-1-silencing transcription factor (REST), which was initially detected as a transcriptional repressor of neuron-specific genes in non-neuronal cells, plays a pivotal role in the transcriptional regulation of ANP, BNP and other fetal cardiac genes. Here we review the transcriptional regulation of ANP and BNP gene expression and the role of the NRSF repressor complex in the regulation of cardiac gene expression and the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Inazumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gidlöf O. Toward a New Paradigm for Targeted Natriuretic Peptide Enhancement in Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2021; 12:650124. [PMID: 34721050 PMCID: PMC8548580 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.650124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide system (NPS) plays a fundamental role in maintaining cardiorenal homeostasis, and its potent filling pressure-regulated diuretic and vasodilatory effects constitute a beneficial compensatory mechanism in heart failure (HF). Leveraging the NPS for therapeutic benefit in HF has been the subject of intense investigation during the last three decades and has ultimately reached widespread clinical use in the form of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition (ARNi). NPS enhancement via ARNi confers beneficial effects on mortality and hospitalization in HF, but inhibition of neprilysin leads to the accumulation of a number of other vasoactive peptides in the circulation, often resulting in hypotension and raising potential concerns over long-term adverse effects. Moreover, ARNi is less effective in the large group of HF patients with preserved ejection fraction. Alternative approaches for therapeutic augmentation of the NPS with increased specificity and efficacy are therefore warranted, and are now becoming feasible particularly with recent development of RNA therapeutics. In this review, the current state-of-the-art in terms of experimental and clinical strategies for NPS augmentation and their implementation will be reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olof Gidlöf
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar A, Zhong Y, Albrecht A, Sang PB, Maples A, Liu Z, Vinayachandran V, Reja R, Lee CF, Kumar A, Chen J, Xiao J, Park B, Shen J, Liu B, Person MD, Trybus KM, Zhang KYJ, Pugh BF, Kamm KE, Milewicz DM, Shen X, Kapoor P. Actin R256 Mono-methylation Is a Conserved Post-translational Modification Involved in Transcription. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108172. [PMID: 32997990 PMCID: PMC8860185 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear actin has been elusive due to the lack of knowledge about molecular mechanisms. From actin-containing chromatin remodeling complexes, we discovered an arginine mono-methylation mark on an evolutionarily conserved R256 residue of actin (R256me1). Actin R256 mutations in yeast affect nuclear functions and cause diseases in human. Interestingly, we show that an antibody specific for actin R256me1 preferentially stains nuclear actin over cytoplasmic actin in yeast, mouse, and human cells. We also show that actin R256me1 is regulated by protein arginine methyl transferase-5 (PRMT5) in HEK293 cells. A genome-wide survey of actin R256me1 mark provides a landscape for nuclear actin correlated with transcription. Further, gene expression and protein interaction studies uncover extensive correlations between actin R256me1 and active transcription. The discovery of actin R256me1 mark suggests a fundamental mechanism to distinguish nuclear actin from cytoplasmic actin through post-translational modification (PTM) and potentially implicates an actin PTM mark in transcription and human diseases. Nuclear actin and actin PTMs are poorly understood. Kumar et al. discover a system of actin PTMs similar to histone PTMs, including a conserved mark on nuclear actin (R256me1) with potential implications for transcription and human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Amelie Albrecht
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pau Biak Sang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Adrian Maples
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Zhenan Liu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vinesh Vinayachandran
- Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Rohit Reja
- Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Chia-Fang Lee
- ICMB Proteomics Facility, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Bongsoo Park
- Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Maria D Person
- ICMB Proteomics Facility, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kathleen M Trybus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kam Y J Zhang
- Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - B Franklin Pugh
- Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kristine E Kamm
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xuetong Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
| | - Prabodh Kapoor
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu L, Zhao Q, Lin L, Yang G, Yu L, Zhuo L, Yang Y, Xu Y. Myeloid MKL1 Disseminates Cues to Promote Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:583492. [PMID: 33898415 PMCID: PMC8063155 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.583492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathophysiological process in the heart in response to stress cues. Although taking place in cardiomyocytes, the hypertrophic response is influenced by other cell types, both within the heart and derived from circulation. In the present study we investigated the myeloid-specific role of megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1) in cardiac hypertrophy. Following transverse aortic constriction (TAC), myeloid MKL1 conditional knockout (MFCKO) mice exhibit an attenuated phenotype of cardiac hypertrophy compared to the WT mice. In accordance, the MFCKO mice were protected from excessive cardiac inflammation and fibrosis as opposed to the WT mice. Conditioned media collected from macrophages enhanced the pro-hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes exposed to endothelin in an MKL1-dependent manner. Of interest, expression levels of macrophage derived miR-155, known to promote cardiac hypertrophy, were down-regulated in the MFCKO mice compared to the WT mice. MKL1 depletion or inhibition repressed miR-155 expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, MKL1 interacted with NF-κB to activate miR-155 transcription in macrophages. In conclusion, our data suggest that MKL1 may contribute to pathological hypertrophy via regulating macrophage-derived miR-155 transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu L, Zhao Q, Kong M, Mao L, Yang Y, Xu Y. Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) regulates integrin beta 2 transcription to promote macrophage infiltration and cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:844-858. [PMID: 33752236 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Macrophage-mediated inflammatory response represents a key pathophysiological process in a host of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure. Regardless of etiology, heart failure is invariably preceded by cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study we investigated the effect of macrophage-specific deletion of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) on cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS We report that when subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC), macrophage MRTF-A conditional knockout (CKO) mice developed a less severe phenotype of cardiac hypertrophy compared to wild type (WT) littermates and were partially protected from the loss of heart function. In addition, there was less extensive cardiac fibrosis in the CKO mice than WT mice following the TAC procedure. Further analysis revealed that cardiac inflammation, as assessed by levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, was dampened in CKO mice paralleling reduced infiltration of macrophages in the heart. Mechanistically, MRTF-A deficiency attenuated the expression of integrin beta 2 (ITGB2/CD18) in macrophage thereby disrupting adhesion of macrophages to vascular endothelial cells. MRTF-A was recruited by Sp1 to the ITGB2 promoter and cooperated with Sp1 to activate ITGB2 transcription in macrophages. Administration of a CD18 blocking antibody attenuated TAC induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Interaction between MRTF-A and the histone demethylase KDM3A likely contributed to IGTB2 transcription and consequently adhesion of macrophages to endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MRTF-A may regulate macrophage trafficking and contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy by activating ITGB2 transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Münch J, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. Sensing and Responding of Cardiomyocytes to Changes of Tissue Stiffness in the Diseased Heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642840. [PMID: 33718383 PMCID: PMC7952448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes are permanently exposed to mechanical stimulation due to cardiac contractility. Passive myocardial stiffness is a crucial factor, which defines the physiological ventricular compliance and volume of diastolic filling with blood. Heart diseases often present with increased myocardial stiffness, for instance when fibrotic changes modify the composition of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). Consequently, the ventricle loses its compliance, and the diastolic blood volume is reduced. Recent advances in the field of cardiac mechanobiology revealed that disease-related environmental stiffness changes cause severe alterations in cardiomyocyte cellular behavior and function. Here, we review the molecular mechanotransduction pathways that enable cardiomyocytes to sense stiffness changes and translate those into an altered gene expression. We will also summarize current knowledge about when myocardial stiffness increases in the diseased heart. Sophisticated in vitro studies revealed functional changes, when cardiomyocytes faced a stiffer matrix. Finally, we will highlight recent studies that described modulations of cardiac stiffness and thus myocardial performance in vivo. Mechanobiology research is just at the cusp of systematic investigations related to mechanical changes in the diseased heart but what is known already makes way for new therapeutic approaches in regenerative biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang M, Gao J, Zhao X, Zhao M, Ma D, Zhang X, Tian D, Pan B, Yan X, Wu J, Meng X, Yin H, Zheng L. p38α in macrophages aggravates arterial endothelium injury by releasing IL-6 through phosphorylating megakaryocytic leukemia 1. Redox Biol 2021; 38:101775. [PMID: 33171330 PMCID: PMC7658717 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages regulate the inflammatory response and affect re-endothelialization. Inflammation and macrophages play important roles in promoting tissue repair, but p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase's role in re-endothelialization is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Wire injuries of carotid arteries and Evans blue staining were performed in macrophage-specific p38α-knockout (p38αfl/flLysMCre+/-) mice and control mice (p38αfl/fl). Re-endothelialization of the carotid arteries at 3, 5 and 7 days was significantly promoted in p38αfl/flLysMCre+/- mice. In vitro experiments indicated that both the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were enhanced in conditioned medium from peritoneal macrophages of p38αfl/flLysMCre+/- mice. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level was decreased significantly in macrophages of p38αfl/flLysMCre+/- mice and an IL-6-neutralizing antibody promoted endothelial cell migration in vitro and re-endothelialization in p38αfl/fl mice in vivo. Phosphoproteomics revealed that the phosphorylation level of S544/T545/S549 sites in megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1) was decreased in p38αfl/flLysMCre+/- mice. The mutation of either S544/S549 or T545/S549 sites could reduce the expression of IL-6 and the inhibition of MKL1 reduced the expression of IL-6 in vitro and promoted re-endothelialization in vivo. CONCLUSION p38α in macrophages aggravates injury of arteries by phosphorylating MKL1, and increasing IL-6 expression after vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jianing Gao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Mingming Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Dong Ma
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian New City, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China.
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education. Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| | - Dongping Tian
- Dept. of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bing Pan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Jianwei Wu
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xia Meng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu T, Wang H, Xin X, Yang J, Hou Y, Fang M, Lu X, Xu Y. An MRTF-A-Sp1-PDE5 Axis Mediates Angiotensin-II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:839. [PMID: 33015041 PMCID: PMC7509415 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a critical intermediate step in the pathogenesis of heart failure. A myriad of signaling networks converge on cardiomyocytes to elicit hypertrophic growth in response to various injurious stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the cardiomyocyte-specific role of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) in angiotensin-II (Ang-II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanism. We report that conditional MRTF-A deletion in cardiomyocytes attenuated Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Similarly, MRTF-A knockdown or inhibition suppressed Ang-II-induced prohypertrophic response in cultured cardiomyocytes. Of note, Ang II treatment upregulated expression of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), a known mediator of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, in cardiomyocytes, which was blocked by MRTF-A depletion or inhibition. Mechanistically, MRTF-A activated expression of specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which in turn bound to the PDE5 promoter and upregulated PDE5 transcription to promote hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in response to Ang II stimulation. Therefore, our data unveil a novel MRTF-A–Sp1–PDE5 axis that mediates Ang-II-induced hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes. Targeting this newly identified MRTF-A–Sp1–PDE5 axis may yield novel interventional solutions against heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huidi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojun Xin
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yannan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Laboratory Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cancer associated fibroblast: Mediators of tumorigenesis. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:19-34. [PMID: 32450219 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well accepted that the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in cancer onset, development, and progression. The majority of clinical interventions are designed to target either cancer or stroma cells. These emphases have been directed by one of two prevailing theories in the field, the Somatic Mutation Theory and the Tissue Organization Field Theory, which represent two seemingly opposing concepts. This review proposes that the two theories are mutually inclusive and should be concurrently considered for cancer treatments. Specifically, this review discusses the dynamic and reciprocal processes between stromal cells and extracellular matrices, using pancreatic cancer as an example, to demonstrate the inclusivity of the theories. Furthermore, this review highlights the functions of cancer associated fibroblasts, which represent the major stromal cell type, as important mediators of the known cancer hallmarks that the two theories attempt to explain.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fukada SI, Akimoto T, Sotiropoulos A. Role of damage and management in muscle hypertrophy: Different behaviors of muscle stem cells in regeneration and hypertrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118742. [PMID: 32417255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue with two unique abilities; one is its excellent regenerative ability, due to the activity of skeletal muscle-resident stem cells named muscle satellite cells (MuSCs); and the other is the adaptation of myofiber size in response to external stimulation, intrinsic factors, or physical activity, which is known as plasticity. Low physical activity and some disease conditions lead to the reduction of myofiber size, called atrophy, whereas hypertrophy refers to the increase in myofiber size induced by high physical activity or anabolic hormones/drugs. MuSCs are essential for generating new myofibers during regeneration and the increase in new myonuclei during hypertrophy; however, there has been little investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying MuSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation during hypertrophy compared to those of regeneration. One reason is that 'degenerative damage' to myofibers during muscle injury or upon hypertrophy (especially overloaded muscle) is believed to trigger similar activation/proliferation of MuSCs. However, evidence suggests that degenerative damage of myofibers is not necessary for MuSC activation/proliferation during hypertrophy. When considering MuSC-based therapy for atrophy, including sarcopenia, it will be indispensable to elucidate MuSC behaviors in muscles that exhibit non-degenerative damage, because degenerated myofibers are not present in the atrophied muscles. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the relationship between MuSCs and hypertrophy, and discuss what remains to be discovered to inform the development and application of relevant treatments for muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ito S, Hashimoto Y, Majima R, Nakao E, Aoki H, Nishihara M, Ohno-Urabe S, Furusho A, Hirakata S, Nishida N, Hayashi M, Kuwahara K, Fukumoto Y. MRTF-A promotes angiotensin II-induced inflammatory response and aortic dissection in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229888. [PMID: 32208430 PMCID: PMC7092993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a major cause of acute aortic syndrome with high mortality due to the destruction of aortic walls. Although recent studies indicate the critical role of inflammation in the disease mechanism of AD, it is unclear how inflammatory response is initiated. Here, we demonstrate that myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), a signal transducer of humoral and mechanical stress, plays an important role in pathogenesis of AD in a mouse model. A mouse model of AD was created by continuous infusion of angiotensin II (AngII) that induced MRTF-A expression and caused AD in 4 days. Systemic deletion of Mrtfa gene resulted in a marked suppression of AD development. Transcriptome and gene annotation enrichment analyses revealed that AngII infusion for 1 day caused pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic responses before AD development, which were suppressed by Mrtfa deletion. AngII infusion for 1 day induced pro-inflammatory response, as demonstrated by expressions of Il6, Tnf, and Ccl2, and apoptosis of aortic wall cells, as detected by TUNEL staining, in an MRTF-A-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of MRTF-A by CCG-203971 during AngII infusion partially suppressed AD phenotype, indicating that acute suppression of MRTF-A is effective in preventing the aortic wall destruction. These results indicate that MRTF-A transduces the stress of AngII challenge to the pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic responses, ultimately leading to AD development. Intervening this pathway may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Ito
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yohei Hashimoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ryohei Majima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Eichi Nakao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Michihide Nishihara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Satoko Ohno-Urabe
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Aya Furusho
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Saki Hirakata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Norifumi Nishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Makiko Hayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ward M, Iskratsch T. Mix and (mis-)match - The mechanosensing machinery in the changing environment of the developing, healthy adult and diseased heart. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118436. [PMID: 30742931 PMCID: PMC7042712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The composition and the stiffness of cardiac microenvironment change during development and/or in heart disease. Cardiomyocytes (CMs) and their progenitors sense these changes, which decides over the cell fate and can trigger CM (progenitor) proliferation, differentiation, de-differentiation or death. The field of mechanobiology has seen a constant increase in output that also includes a wealth of new studies specific to cardiac or cardiomyocyte mechanosensing. As a result, mechanosensing and transduction in the heart is increasingly being recognised as a main driver of regulating the heart formation and function. Recent work has for instance focused on measuring the molecular, physical and mechanical changes of the cellular environment - as well as intracellular contributors to the passive stiffness of the heart. On the other hand, a variety of new studies shed light into the molecular machinery that allow the cardiomyocytes to sense these properties. Here we want to discuss the recent work on this topic, but also specifically focus on how the different components are regulated at various stages during development, in health or disease in order to highlight changes that might contribute to disease progression and heart failure.
Collapse
Key Words
- cm, cardiomyocytes
- hcm, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- dcm, dilated cardiomyopathy
- icm, idiopathic cardiomyopathy
- myh, myosin heavy chain
- tnnt, troponin t
- tnni, troponin i
- afm, atomic force microscope
- mre, magnetic resonance elastography
- swe, ultrasound cardiac shear-wave elastography
- lv, left ventricle
- lox, lysyl oxidase
- loxl, lysyl oxidase like protein
- lh, lysyl hydroxylase
- lys, lysin
- lccs, lysald-derived collagen crosslinks
- hlccs, hylald-derived collagen crosslinks
- pka, protein kinase a
- pkc, protein kinase c
- vash1, vasohibin-1
- svbp, small vasohibin binding protein
- tcp, tubulin carboxypeptidase
- ttl, tubulin tyrosine ligase
- mrtf, myocardin-related transcription factor
- gap, gtpase activating protein
- gef, guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ward
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science & Institute for Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science & Institute for Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mao L, Liu L, Zhang T, Wu X, Zhang T, Xu Y. MKL1 mediates TGF-β-induced CTGF transcription to promote renal fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4790-4803. [PMID: 31637729 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant fibrogenesis impairs the architectural and functional homeostasis of the kidneys. It also predicts poor diagnosis in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) can trans-differentiate into myofibroblasts to produce extracellular matrix proteins and contribute to renal fibrosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a cytokine upregulated in RTECs during renal fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of CTGF transcription by megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1). Genetic deletion or pharmaceutical inhibition of MKL1 in mice mitigated renal fibrosis following the unilateral ureteral obstruction procedure. Notably, MKL1 deficiency in mice downregulated CTGF expression in the kidneys. Likewise, MKL1 knockdown or inhibition in RTEs blunted TGF-β induced CTGF expression. Further, it was discovered that MKL1 bound directly to the CTGF promoter by interacting with SMAD3 to activate CTGF transcription. In addition, MKL1 mediated the interplay between p300 and WDR5 to regulate CTGF transcription. CTGF knockdown dampened TGF-β induced pro-fibrogenic response in RTEs. MKL1 activity was reciprocally regulated by CTGF. In conclusion, we propose that targeting the MKL1-CTGF axis may generate novel therapeutic solutions against aberrant renal fibrogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marcassa C. The never-ending story of cardiac biomarkers: A further step toward a very early detection of ischemic patients? J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:1684-1687. [PMID: 29511929 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-018-1249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Marcassa
- Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes, IRCCS, Cardiology Department, Scientific Institute of Veruno (NO), Via Per Revislate 13, 28010, Veruno, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sakaguchi T, Takefuji M, Wettschureck N, Hamaguchi T, Amano M, Kato K, Tsuda T, Eguchi S, Ishihama S, Mori Y, Yura Y, Yoshida T, Unno K, Okumura T, Ishii H, Shimizu Y, Bando YK, Ohashi K, Ouchi N, Enomoto A, Offermanns S, Kaibuchi K, Murohara T. Protein Kinase N Promotes Stress-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction Through Phosphorylation of Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A and Disruption of Its Interaction With Actin. Circulation 2019; 140:1737-1752. [PMID: 31564129 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a complex syndrome that results from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or blood ejection. Protein phosphorylation is a major and essential intracellular mechanism that mediates various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. The RHOA-associated protein kinase (ROCK/Rho-kinase), an effector regulated by the small GTPase RHOA, causes pathological phosphorylation of proteins, resulting in cardiovascular diseases. RHOA also activates protein kinase N (PKN); however, the role of PKN in cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. METHODS To explore the role of PKNs in heart failure, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific PKN1- and PKN2-knockout mice by intercrossing the αMHC-CreERT2 line with Pkn1flox/flox and Pkn2flox/flox mice and applied a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced heart failure. To identify a novel substrate of PKNs, we incubated GST-tagged myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTFA) with recombinant GST-PKN-catalytic domain or GST-ROCK-catalytic domain in the presence of radiolabeled ATP and detected radioactive GST-MRTFA as phosphorylated MRTFA. RESULTS We demonstrated that RHOA activates 2 members of the PKN family of proteins, PKN1 and PKN2, in cardiomyocytes of mice with cardiac dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the genes encoding Pkn1 and Pkn2 (cmc-PKN1/2 DKO) did not affect basal heart function but protected mice from pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified MRTFA as a novel substrate of PKN1 and PKN2 and found that MRTFA phosphorylation by PKN was considerably more effective than that by ROCK in vitro. We confirmed that endogenous MRTFA phosphorylation in the heart was induced by pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction in wild-type mice, whereas cmc-PKN1/2 DKO mice suppressed transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced phosphorylation of MRTFA. Although RHOA-mediated actin polymerization accelerated MRTFA-induced gene transcription, PKN1 and PKN2 inhibited the interaction of MRTFA with globular actin by phosphorylating MRTFA, causing increased serum response factor-mediated expression of cardiac hypertrophy- and fibrosis-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that PKN1 and PKN2 activation causes cardiac dysfunction and is involved in the transition to heart failure, thus providing unique targets for therapeutic intervention for heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Tomonari Hamaguchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Amano
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Eguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Yura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.,Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Pathology (A.E.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu L, Yang G, Zhang X, Wang P, Weng X, Yang Y, Li Z, Fang M, Xu Y, Sun A, Ge J. Megakaryocytic Leukemia 1 Bridges Epigenetic Activation of NADPH Oxidase in Macrophages to Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Circulation 2019; 138:2820-2836. [PMID: 30018168 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.035377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalyzed by the NADPH oxidases (NOX), is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The underlying epigenetic mechanism remains elusive. METHODS We evaluated the potential role of megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1), as a bridge linking epigenetic activation of NOX to ROS production and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. RESULTS Following IR injury, MKL1-deficient (knockout) mice exhibited smaller myocardial infarction along with improved heart function compared with wild-type littermates. Similarly, pharmaceutical inhibition of MKL1 with CCG-1423 also attenuated myocardial infarction and improved heart function in mice. Amelioration of IR injury as a result of MKL1 deletion or inhibition was accompanied by reduced ROS in vivo and in vitro. In response to IR, MKL1 levels were specifically elevated in macrophages, but not in cardiomyocytes, in the heart. Of note, macrophage-specific deletion (MϕcKO), instead of cardiomyocyte-restricted ablation (CMcKO), of MKL1 in mice led to similar improvements of infarct size, heart function, and myocardial ROS generation. Reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that MKL1 directly bound to the promoters of NOX genes to activate NOX transcription. Mechanistically, MKL1 recruited the histone acetyltransferase MOF (male absent on the first) to modify the chromatin structure surrounding the NOX promoters. Knockdown of MOF in macrophages blocked hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced NOX transactivation and ROS accumulation. Of importance, pharmaceutical inhibition of MOF with MG149 significantly downregulated NOX1/NOX4 expression, dampened ROS production, and normalized myocardial function in mice exposed to IR injury. Finally, administration of a specific NOX1/4 inhibitor GKT137831 dampened ROS generation and rescued heart function after IR in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data delineate an MKL1-MOF-NOX axis in macrophages that contributes to IR injury, and as such we have provided novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Xinjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Zilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.).,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China (Z.L., Y.X.)
| | - Mingming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.).,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China (Z.L., Y.X.)
| | - Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lange S, Banerjee I, Carrion K, Serrano R, Habich L, Kameny R, Lengenfelder L, Dalton N, Meili R, Börgeson E, Peterson K, Ricci M, Lincoln J, Ghassemian M, Fineman J, del Álamo JC, Nigam V. miR-486 is modulated by stretch and increases ventricular growth. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125507. [PMID: 31513548 PMCID: PMC6795397 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations in biomechanical stimuli during cardiac development contribute to congenital cardiac defects such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). This study sought to identify stretch-responsive pathways involved in cardiac development. miRNA-Seq identified miR-486 as being increased in cardiomyocytes exposed to cyclic stretch in vitro. The right ventricles (RVs) of patients with HLHS experienced increased stretch and had a trend toward higher miR-486 levels. Sheep RVs dilated from excessive pulmonary blood flow had 60% more miR-486 compared with control RVs. The left ventricles of newborn mice treated with miR-486 mimic were 16.9%-24.6% larger and displayed a 2.48-fold increase in cardiomyocyte proliferation. miR-486 treatment decreased FoxO1 and Smad signaling while increasing the protein levels of Stat1. Stat1 associated with Gata-4 and serum response factor (Srf), 2 key cardiac transcription factors with protein levels that increase in response to miR-486. This is the first report to our knowledge of a stretch-responsive miRNA that increases the growth of the ventricle in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Lange
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Indroneal Banerjee
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Katrina Carrion
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ricardo Serrano
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, San Diego, USA
| | - Louisa Habich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Kameny
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA
| | - Luisa Lengenfelder
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nancy Dalton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rudolph Meili
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, San Diego, USA
| | - Emma Börgeson
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kirk Peterson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marco Ricci
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Joy Lincoln
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Jeffery Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA
| | - Juan C. del Álamo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, San Diego, USA
| | - Vishal Nigam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sidorenko E, Vartiainen MK. Nucleoskeletal regulation of transcription: Actin on MRTF. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1372-1381. [PMID: 31142145 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219854669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) and serum response factor (SRF) form an essential transcriptional complex that regulates the expression of many cytoskeletal genes in response to dynamic changes in the actin cytoskeleton. The nucleoskeleton, a “dynamic network of networks,” consists of numerous proteins that contribute to nuclear shape and to its various functions, including gene expression. In this review, we will discuss recent work that has identified many nucleoskeletal proteins, such as nuclear lamina and lamina-associated proteins, nuclear actin, and the linker of the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton complex as important regulators of MRTF-A/SRF transcriptional activity, especially in the context of mechanical control of transcription. Impact statement Regulation of gene expression is a fundamental cellular process that ensures the appropriate response of a cell to its surroundings. Alongside biochemical signals, mechanical cues, such as substrate rigidity, have been recognized as key regulators of gene expression. Nucleoskeletal components play an important role in mechanoresponsive transcription, particularly in controlling the activity of MRTF-A/SRF transcription factors. This ensures that the cell can balance the internal and external mechanical forces by fine-tuning the expression of cytoskeletal genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sidorenko
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Maria K Vartiainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
González A, Ravassa S, López B, Moreno MU, Beaumont J, San José G, Querejeta R, Bayés-Genís A, Díez J. Myocardial Remodeling in Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 72:549-558. [PMID: 30354762 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa González
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Susana Ravassa
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Begoña López
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - María U Moreno
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Javier Beaumont
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Gorka San José
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Ramón Querejeta
- Division of Cardiology, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain (R.Q.)
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.).,Heart Failure Unit and Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (A.B.-G.).,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.B.-G.)
| | - Javier Díez
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.).,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (J.D.).,Department of Nephrology (J.D.), University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Montel L, Sotiropoulos A, Hénon S. The nature and intensity of mechanical stimulation drive different dynamics of MRTF-A nuclear redistribution after actin remodeling in myoblasts. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214385. [PMID: 30921405 PMCID: PMC6438519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum response factor and its cofactor myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF) are key elements of muscle-mass adaptation to workload. The transcription of target genes is activated when MRTF is present in the nucleus. The localization of MRTF is controlled by its binding to G-actin. Thus, the pathway can be mechanically activated through the mechanosensitivity of the actin cytoskeleton. The pathway has been widely investigated from a biochemical point of view, but its mechanical activation and the timescales involved are poorly understood. Here, we applied local and global mechanical cues to myoblasts through two custom-built set-ups, magnetic tweezers and stretchable substrates. Both induced nuclear accumulation of MRTF-A. However, the dynamics of the response varied with the nature and level of mechanical stimulation and correlated with the polymerization of different actin sub-structures. Local repeated force induced local actin polymerization and nuclear accumulation of MRTF-A by 30 minutes, whereas a global static strain induced both rapid (minutes) transient nuclear accumulation, associated with the polymerization of an actin cap above the nucleus, and long-term accumulation, with a global increase in polymerized actin. Conversely, high strain induced actin depolymerization at intermediate times, associated with cytoplasmic MRTF accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Montel
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Hénon
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kant S, Freytag B, Herzog A, Reich A, Merkel R, Hoffmann B, Krusche CA, Leube RE. Desmoglein 2 mutation provokes skeletal muscle actin expression and accumulation at intercalated discs in murine hearts. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.199612. [PMID: 30659114 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.199612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an incurable progressive disease that is linked to mutations in genes coding for components of desmosomal adhesions that are localized to the intercalated disc region, which electromechanically couples adjacent cardiomyocytes. To date, the underlying molecular dysfunctions are not well characterized. In two murine AC models, we find an upregulation of the skeletal muscle actin gene (Acta1), which is known to be a compensatory reaction to compromised heart function. Expression of this gene is elevated prior to visible morphological alterations and clinical symptoms, and persists throughout pathogenesis with an additional major rise during the chronic disease stage. We provide evidence that the increased Acta1 transcription is initiated through nuclear activation of the serum response transcription factor (SRF) by its transcriptional co-activator megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 protein (MKL1, also known as MRTFA). Our data further suggest that perturbed desmosomal adhesion causes Acta1 overexpression during the early stages of the disease, which is amplified by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) release from fibrotic lesions and surrounding cardiomyocytes during later disease stages. These observations highlight a hitherto unknown molecular AC pathomechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kant
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Freytag
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Reich
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Complex Systems, ICS-7, Biomechanics, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Complex Systems, ICS-7, Biomechanics, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Claudia A Krusche
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf E Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
McCutcheon K, Manga P. Left ventricular remodelling in chronic primary mitral regurgitation: implications for medical therapy. Cardiovasc J Afr 2019; 29:51-65. [PMID: 29582880 PMCID: PMC6002796 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2017-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical repair or replacement of the mitral valve is currently the only recommended therapy for severe primary mitral regurgitation. The chronic elevation of wall stress caused by the resulting volume overload leads to structural remodelling of the muscular, vascular and extracellular matrix components of the myocardium. These changes are initially compensatory but in the long term have detrimental effects, which ultimately result in heart failure. Understanding the changes that occur in the myocardium due to volume overload at the molecular and cellular level may lead to medical interventions, which potentially could delay or prevent the adverse left ventricular remodelling associated with primary mitral regurgitation. The pathophysiological changes involved in left ventricular remodelling in response to chronic primary mitral regurgitation and the evidence for potential medical therapy, in particular beta-adrenergic blockers, are the focus of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keir McCutcheon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Pravin Manga
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nakagawa Y, Nishikimi T, Kuwahara K. Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides: Hormones secreted from the heart. Peptides 2019; 111:18-25. [PMID: 29859763 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide family consists of three biologically active peptides: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain (or B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Among these, ANP and BNP are secreted by the heart and act as cardiac hormones. Both ANP and BNP preferentially bind to natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A or guanylyl cyslase-A) and exert similar effects through increases in intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) within target tissues. Expression and secretion of ANP and BNP are stimulated by various factors and are regulated via multiple signaling pathways. Human ANP has three molecular forms, α-ANP, β-ANP, and proANP (or γ-ANP), with proANP predominating in healthy atrial tissue. During secretion proANP is proteolytically processed by corin, resulting in secretion of bioactive α-ANP into the peripheral circulation. ProANP and β-ANP are minor forms in the circulation but are increased in patients with heart failure. The human BNP precursor proBNP is proteolytically processed to BNP1-32 and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) within ventricular myocytes. Uncleaved proBNP as well as mature BNP1-32 and NT-proBNP is secreted from the heart, and its secretion is increased in patients with heart failure. Mature BNP, its metabolites including BNP3-32, BNP4-32, and BNP5-32, and proBNP are all detected as immunoreactive-BNP by the current BNP assay system. We recently developed an assay system that specifically detects human proBNP. Using this assay system, we observed that miR30-GALNTs-dependent O-glycosylation in the N-terminal region of proBNP contributes to regulation of the processing and secretion of proBNP from the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
NAKAO K. Translational science: Newly emerging science in biology and medicine - Lessons from translational research on the natriuretic peptide family and leptin. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 95:538-567. [PMID: 31708497 PMCID: PMC6856003 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.95.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Translation is the process of turning observations in the laboratory, clinic, and community into interventions that improve the health of individuals and the public, ranging from diagnostics and therapeutics to medical procedures and behavioral changes. Translational research is defined as the effort to traverse a particular step of the translation process for a particular target or disease. Translational science is a newly emerging science, distinct from basic and clinical sciences in biology and medicine, and is a field of investigation focused on understanding the scientific and operational principles underlying each step of the translational process. Advances in translational science will increase the efficacy and safety of translational research in all diagnostic and therapeutic areas. This report examines translational research on novel hormones, the natriuretic peptide family and leptin, which have achieved clinical applications or for which studies are still ongoing, and also emphasizes the lessons that translational science has learned from more than 30 years' experience in translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuwa NAKAO
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Trembley MA, Quijada P, Agullo-Pascual E, Tylock KM, Colpan M, Dirkx RA, Myers JR, Mickelsen DM, de Mesy Bentley K, Rothenberg E, Moravec CS, Alexis JD, Gregorio CC, Dirksen RT, Delmar M, Small EM. Mechanosensitive Gene Regulation by Myocardin-Related Transcription Factors Is Required for Cardiomyocyte Integrity in Load-Induced Ventricular Hypertrophy. Circulation 2018; 138:1864-1878. [PMID: 29716942 PMCID: PMC6202206 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyocyte growth and dysfunction accompany various forms of heart disease. The mechanisms responsible for transcriptional changes that affect cardiac physiology and the transition to heart failure are not well understood. The intercalated disc (ID) is a specialized intercellular junction coupling cardiomyocyte force transmission and propagation of electrical activity. The ID is gaining attention as a mechanosensitive signaling hub and hotspot for causative mutations in cardiomyopathy. METHODS Transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and single-molecule localization microscopy were used to examine changes in ID structure and protein localization in the murine and human heart. We conducted detailed cardiac functional assessment and transcriptional profiling of mice lacking myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A and MRTF-B specifically in adult cardiomyocytes to evaluate the role of mechanosensitive regulation of gene expression in load-induced ventricular remodeling. RESULTS We found that MRTFs localize to IDs in the healthy human heart and accumulate in the nucleus in heart failure. Although mice lacking MRTFs in adult cardiomyocytes display normal cardiac physiology at baseline, pressure overload leads to rapid heart failure characterized by sarcomere disarray, ID disintegration, chamber dilation and wall thinning, cardiac functional decline, and partially penetrant acute lethality. Transcriptional profiling reveals a program of actin cytoskeleton and cardiomyocyte adhesion genes driven by MRTFs during pressure overload. Indeed, conspicuous remodeling of gap junctions at IDs identified by single-molecule localization microscopy may partially stem from a reduction in Mapre1 expression, which we show is a direct mechanosensitive MRTF target. CONCLUSIONS Our study describes a novel paradigm in which MRTFs control an acute mechanosensitive signaling circuit that coordinates cross-talk between the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton and maintains ID integrity and cardiomyocyte homeostasis in heart disease.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- COS Cells
- Case-Control Studies
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Connexin 43/genetics
- Connexin 43/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Male
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/ultrastructure
- NIH 3T3 Cells
- Single Molecule Imaging
- Trans-Activators/deficiency
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/deficiency
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Ventricular Remodeling
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Trembley
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Pearl Quijada
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Esperanza Agullo-Pascual
- The Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kevin M. Tylock
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Mert Colpan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Ronald A. Dirkx
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Jason R. Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Deanne M. Mickelsen
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Eli Rothenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Alexis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Carol C. Gregorio
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Eric M. Small
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Author for correspondence: Eric M. Small, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box CVRI, Rochester, NY 14642, Phone: (585)276-7706, Fax: (585) 276-9839,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Puelacher C, Wagener M, Honegger U, Assadian M, Schaerli N, Mueller D, Strebel I, Twerenbold R, Boeddinghaus J, Nestelberger T, Wildi K, Sabti Z, Sazgary L, Badertscher P, du Fay de Lavallaz J, Marbot S, Kaiser C, Wild D, Zellweger MJ, Reichlin T, Mueller C. Combining high-sensitivity cardiac troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide in the detection of inducible myocardial ischemia. Clin Biochem 2017; 52:33-40. [PMID: 29107010 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single biomarker approaches provide only moderate accuracy in the non-invasive detection of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. We therefore assessed the combination of the two most promising single biomarkers: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). METHODS Consecutive patients with suspected myocardial ischemia referred to stress myocardial perfusion single-photon emission tomography imaging (MPI) were enrolled. Clinical judgment (CJ) of the treating cardiologist regarding myocardial ischemia, quantified using a visual analogue scale, and blood concentrations of hs-cTnI and BNP were determined before and after stress. The presence of myocardial ischemia was adjudicated by independent cardiologists using MPI, blinded to biomarker measurements. Death and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during follow-up were the prognostic endpoints. RESULTS Among 1142 consecutive patients inducible myocardial ischemia was found in 456 (40%) of all patients. For the detection of inducible myocardial ischemia, CJ before exercise stress testing (CJb) showed an area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.66 (95%CI 0.63-0.69), hs-cTnI 0.70 (95%CI 0.67-0.73, p=0.07 vs CJb), and BNP 0.66 (95%CI 0.62-0.69, p=0.98). The use of a dual-biomarker strategy combining hs-cTnI and BNP with CJb did not provide a significant advantage over the combination of hs-cTnI alone and CJb (AUC 0.74, 95%CI 0.72-0.77 vs AUC 0.74, 95%CI 0.71-0.77, p=0.16). Hs-cTnI showed good prognostic value for AMI (HR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3-1.9), and BNP for death (HR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3-2.1). CONCLUSION A dual-biomarker strategy combing BNP and hs-cTnI does not further increase diagnostic accuracy on top of clinical judgment and hs-cTnI alone. SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS We included 1142 consecutive patients with suspected inducible ischemia, and evaluated the added value of the biomarkers high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), alone and in combination, on top of clinical judgment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Biochemical and Electrocardiographic Signatures in the Detection of Exercise-induced Myocardial Ischemia (BASEL VIII), NCT01838148, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01838148.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Puelacher
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Wagener
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ursina Honegger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Assadian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Schaerli
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Mueller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Strebel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Twerenbold
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland; Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasper Boeddinghaus
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nestelberger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karin Wildi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland; Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zaid Sabti
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lorraine Sazgary
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Badertscher
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeanne du Fay de Lavallaz
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stella Marbot
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kaiser
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Wild
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Zellweger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Reichlin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Mueller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Herum KM, Lunde IG, McCulloch AD, Christensen G. The Soft- and Hard-Heartedness of Cardiac Fibroblasts: Mechanotransduction Signaling Pathways in Fibrosis of the Heart. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6050053. [PMID: 28534817 PMCID: PMC5447944 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6050053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), remains an unresolved problem in most forms of heart disease. In order to be successful in preventing, attenuating or reversing cardiac fibrosis, it is essential to understand the processes leading to ECM production and accumulation. Cardiac fibroblasts are the main producers of cardiac ECM, and harbor great phenotypic plasticity. They are activated by the disease-associated changes in mechanical properties of the heart, including stretch and increased tissue stiffness. Despite much remaining unknown, an interesting body of evidence exists on how mechanical forces are translated into transcriptional responses important for determination of fibroblast phenotype and production of ECM constituents. Such mechanotransduction can occur at multiple cellular locations including the plasma membrane, cytoskeleton and nucleus. Moreover, the ECM functions as a reservoir of pro-fibrotic signaling molecules that can be released upon mechanical stress. We here review the current status of knowledge of mechanotransduction signaling pathways in cardiac fibroblasts that culminate in pro-fibrotic gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Herum
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
MKL1 defines the H3K4Me3 landscape for NF-κB dependent inflammatory response. Sci Rep 2017; 7:191. [PMID: 28298643 PMCID: PMC5428227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-dependent inflammatory response is considered a pivotal biological process that contributes to a host of diseases when aberrantly activated. The underlying epigenetic mechanism is not completely understood. We report here that MKL1 was both sufficient and necessary for p65-dependent pro-inflammatory transcriptional program in immortalized macrophages, in primary human and mouse macrophages, and in an animal model of systemic inflammation (endotoxic shock). Extensive chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) profiling and ChIP-seq analyses revealed that MKL1 deficiency erased key histone modifications synonymous with transactivation on p65 target promoters. Specifically, MKL1 defined histone H3K4 trimethylation landscape for NF-κB dependent transcription. MKL1 recruited an H3K4 trimethyltransferase SET1 to the promoter regions of p65 target genes. There, our work has identified a novel modifier of p65-dependent pro-inflammatory transcription, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets in treating inflammation related diseases.
Collapse
|
33
|
Luo S, Hieu TB, Ma F, Yu Y, Cao Z, Wang M, Wu W, Mao Y, Rose P, Law BYK, Zhu YZ. ZYZ-168 alleviates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction through inhibition of ERK1/2-dependent ROCK1 activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43242. [PMID: 28266583 PMCID: PMC5339863 DOI: 10.1038/srep43242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective treatments for myocardial infarction (MI) induced cardiac fibrosis are lacking. In this study, we focus on the therapeutic potential of a synthetic cardio-protective agent named ZYZ-168 towards MI-induced cardiac fibrosis and try to reveal the underlying mechanism. ZYZ-168 was administered to rats with coronary artery ligation over a period of six weeks. Ecocardiography and Masson staining showed that ZYZ-168 substantially improved cardiac function and reduced interstitial fibrosis. The expression of α–smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Collagen I were reduced as was the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). These were related with decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and expression of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1). In cardiac fibroblasts stimulated with TGF-β1, phenotypic switches of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts were observed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation or knockdown of ROCK1 expectedly reduced TGF-β1 induced fibrotic responses. ZYZ-168 appeared to inhibit the fibrotic responses in a concentration dependent manner, in part via a decrease in ROCK 1 expression through inhibition of the phosphorylation status of ERK1/2. For inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation with a specific inhibitor reduced the activation of ROCK1. Considering its anti-apoptosis activity in MI, ZYZ-168 may be a potential drug candidate for treatment of MI-induced cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Luo
- Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tran Ba Hieu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenfen Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjun Wang
- Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicheng Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Rose
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leics LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moreno MU, Eiros R, Gavira JJ, Gallego C, González A, Ravassa S, López B, Beaumont J, San José G, Díez J. The Hypertensive Myocardium: From Microscopic Lesions to Clinical Complications and Outcomes. Med Clin North Am 2017; 101:43-52. [PMID: 27884234 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The chronic hemodynamic load imposed by hypertension on the left ventricle leads to lesions in the myocardium that result in structural remodeling, which provides support for alterations in cardiac function, perfusion, and electrical activity that adversely influence the clinical evolution of hypertensive heart disease. Management must include detecting, reducing, and reversing left ventricular hypertrophy, as well as the detection and repair of microscopic lesions responsible for myocardial remodeling. Reducing the burden associated with hypertensive heart disease can be targeted using personalized treatment. The noninvasive, biomarker-mediated identification of subsets of patients with hypertensive heart disease is essential to provide personalized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María U Moreno
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rocío Eiros
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Juan J Gavira
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Catalina Gallego
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Programa de Cardiología Clínica, Clínica CardioVID, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78B 75-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Begoña López
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Beaumont
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gorka San José
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Edificio CIMA, Av. Pío XII, 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Av. Pío XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Resarch, Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sakai N, Chun J, Duffield JS, Lagares D, Wada T, Luster AD, Tager AM. Lysophosphatidic acid signaling through its receptor initiates profibrotic epithelial cell fibroblast communication mediated by epithelial cell derived connective tissue growth factor. Kidney Int 2016; 91:628-641. [PMID: 27927603 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of the fibroblast pool is a critical step in organ fibrosis, but the mechanisms driving expansion remain to be fully clarified. We previously showed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling through its receptor LPA1 expressed on fibroblasts directly induces the recruitment of these cells. Here we tested whether LPA-LPA1 signaling drives fibroblast proliferation and activation during the development of renal fibrosis. LPA1-deficient (LPA1-/-) or -sufficient (LPA1+/+) mice were crossed to mice with green fluorescent protein expression (GFP) driven by the type I procollagen promoter (Col-GFP) to identify fibroblasts. Unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced increases in renal collagen were significantly, though not completely, attenuated in LPA1-/-Col-GFP mice, as were the accumulations of both fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Connective tissue growth factor was detected mainly in tubular epithelial cells, and its levels were suppressed in LPA1-/-Col-GFP mice. LPA-LPA1 signaling directly induced connective tissue growth factor expression in primary proximal tubular epithelial cells, through a myocardin-related transcription factor-serum response factor pathway. Proximal tubular epithelial cell-derived connective tissue growth factor mediated renal fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation. Administration of an inhibitor of myocardin-related transcription factor/serum response factor suppressed obstruction-induced renal fibrosis. Thus, targeting LPA-LPA1 signaling and/or myocardin-related transcription factor/serum response factor-induced transcription could be promising therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sakai
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan; Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Helen L. Dorris Institute for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeremy S Duffield
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Lagares
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Takashi Wada
- Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Nephrology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Andrew D Luster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew M Tager
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Fibrosis Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bloch L, Ndongson-Dongmo B, Kusch A, Dragun D, Heller R, Huber O. Real-time monitoring of hypertrophy in HL-1 cardiomyocytes by impedance measurements reveals different modes of growth. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:1897-907. [PMID: 27380966 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic growth is a response of the heart to increased mechanical load or physiological stress. Thereby, cardiomyocytes grow in length and/or width to maintain cardiac pump function. Major signaling pathways involved in cardiomyocyte growth and remodeling have been identified during recent years including calcineurin-NFAT and PI3K-Akt signaling. Modulation of these pathways is of certain interest for therapeutic treatment of cardiac hypertrophy. However, quantification and characterization of hypertrophy in response to different stimuli or modulators is difficult. This study aims to test different read-out systems for detection and quantification of differences in hypertrophic growth in response to prohypertrophic stimuli. Real-time impedance measurements allowed the detection of distinct differences in hypertrophic growth in response to endothelin, norepinephrine, phenylephrine or BIO, which were not observable by other methods such as flow cytometry. Endothelin treatment induced a rapid and strong peak in the impedance signal concomitant with a massive reorientation of the actin cytoskeleton. Changes in expression of hypertrophy-associated genes were detected and stabilization of β-catenin was identified as a common response to all hypertrophic stimuli used in this study. Hypertrophic growth was blocked by the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI-103.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bloch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernadin Ndongson-Dongmo
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center of Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1057, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Angelika Kusch
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine Heller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center of Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Otmar Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Y, Pan HY, Hu XM, Cao XL, Wang J, Min ZL, Xu SQ, Xiao W, Yuan Q, Li N, Cheng J, Zhao SQ, Hong X. The role of myocardin-related transcription factor-A in Aβ25-35 induced neuron apoptosis and synapse injury. Brain Res 2016; 1648:27-34. [PMID: 27387387 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) highly expressed in brain has been demonstrated to promote neuronal survival via regulating the transcription of related target genes as a powerful co-activator of serum response factor (SRF). However, the role of MRTF-A in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still unclear. Here, we showed that MRTF-A was significantly downregulated in cortex of the Aβ25-35-induced AD rats, which played a key role in Aβ25-35 induced cerebral neuronal degeneration in vitro. Bilateral intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 caused significantly MRTF-A expression decline in cortex of rats, along with significant neuron apoptosis and plasticity damage. In vitro, transfection of MRTF-A into primary cultured cortical neurons prevented Aβ25-35 induced neuronal apoptosis and synapses injury. And luciferase reporter assay determined that MRTF-A could bind to and enhance the transactivity of the Mcl-1 (Myeloid cell leukemia-1) and Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein) promoters by activating the key CArG box element. These data demonstrated that the decreasing of endogenous MRTF-A expression might contribute to the development of AD, whereas the upregulation MRTF-A in neurons could effectively reduce Aβ25-35 induced synapse injury and cell apoptosis. And the underlying mechanism might be partially due to MRTF-A-mediated the transcription and expression of Mcl-1 and Arc by triggering the CArG box.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Pan
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, PR China
| | - Xia-Min Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Zhen-Li Min
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Shi-Qiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Wan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Shu-Qi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Xing Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mirtschink P, Krek W. Hypoxia-driven glycolytic and fructolytic metabolic programs: Pivotal to hypertrophic heart disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1822-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
39
|
Alexander J, Cukierman E. Stromal dynamic reciprocity in cancer: intricacies of fibroblastic-ECM interactions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:80-93. [PMID: 27214794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stromal dynamic reciprocity (SDR) consists of the biophysical and biochemical interplay between connective tissue elements that regulate and maintain organ homeostasis. In epithelial cancers, chronic alterations of SDR result in the once tumor-restrictive stroma evolving into a 'new' tumor-permissive environment. This altered stroma, known as desmoplasia, is initiated and maintained by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM). Desmoplasia fuels a vicious cycle of stromal dissemination enriching both CAFs and desmoplastic ECM. Targeting specific drivers of desmoplasia, such as CAFs, either enhances or halts tumor growth and progression. These conflicting effects suggest that stromal interactions are not fully understood. This review highlights known fibroblastic-ECM interactions in an effort to encourage therapies that will restore cancer-restrictive stromal cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Alexander
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cancer Biology, Temple Health, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 245 N 15(th) St, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cancer Biology, Temple Health, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Loirand G. Rho Kinases in Health and Disease: From Basic Science to Translational Research. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 67:1074-95. [PMID: 26419448 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho-associated kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 are key regulators of actin cytoskeleton dynamics downstream of Rho GTPases that participate in the control of important physiologic functions, S including cell contraction, migration, proliferation, adhesion, and inflammation. Several excellent review articles dealing with ROCK function and regulation have been published over the past few years. Although a brief overview of general molecular, biochemical, and functional properties of ROCKs is included, an effort has been made to produce an original work by collecting and synthesizing recent studies aimed at translating basic discoveries from cell and experimental models into knowledge of human physiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and medical therapeutics. This review points out the specificity and distinct roles of ROCK1 and ROCK2 isoforms highlighted in the last few years. Results obtained from genetically modified mice and genetic analysis in humans are discussed. This review also addresses the involvement of ROCKs in human diseases and the potential use of ROCK activity as a biomarker or a pharmacological target for specific inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gervaise Loirand
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1087, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kerkelä R, Ulvila J, Magga J. Natriuretic Peptides in the Regulation of Cardiovascular Physiology and Metabolic Events. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e002423. [PMID: 26508744 PMCID: PMC4845118 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risto Kerkelä
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.) Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland (R.K.)
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.)
| | - Johanna Magga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zheng WX, Cao XL, Wang F, Wang J, Ying TZ, Xiao W, Zhang Y, Xing H, Dong W, Xu SQ, Min ZL, Wu FJ, Hu XM. Baicalin inhibiting cerebral ischemia/hypoxia-induced neuronal apoptosis via MRTF-A-mediated transactivity. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 767:201-10. [PMID: 26485504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin has been shown to provide the neuroprotective effect by alleviating cerebral ischemia injury. However, little's known about the underlying mechanism. Here, a cerebral artery occlusion (MACO)/reperfusion rat model and rat primary cortical neuron culture exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were established to evaluate the effect of baicalin on ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis. We found baicalin can significantly less neurological deficit and reduced infarct volume in vivo. And it efficiently inhibited neuronal apoptosis in vivo and vitro, which was especially characterized by the enhancing of transcription and expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Baicalin markedly increased myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) level either in ischemic hemisphere or in primary cortical neuron cultures, whiles the anti-apoptosis effect of baicalin was significantly inhibited by transfected with the small interfering RNA of MRTF-A (MRTF-A siRNA) in primary cortical neuron cultures. The luciferase assays also indicated baicalin enhanced the transactivity of MCL-1 and BCL-2 promoter by activating the key CArG box (CC [A/T] 6GG) element, which was reduced by MRTF-A siRNA, suggesting MRTF-A may participate the anti-apoptosis effect of baicalin, and MRTF-A was involved in the transcriptional activity of MCL-1 and BCL-2 that was induced by baicalin. LY294002 (phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor) and PD98059 (extracellular signal regulates kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor) obviously reduced baicalin-induced MRTF-A expression and transactivity and expression of MCL-1 and BCL-2, which further abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of baicalin on neuronal apoptosis. Taken together, our data provided the evidence demonstrating the neuroprotective effect of baicalin partially due to MRTF-A-mediated transactivity and expression of MCL-1 and BCL-2 by triggering the CArG box, which might be controlled by the activation of PI3K and ERK1/2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-xia Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangtze River Shipping General Hospital, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-lu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Ting-zi Ying
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Hong Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China
| | - Shi-qiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhen-li Min
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China
| | - Fang-jian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangtze River Shipping General Hospital, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xia-min Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province, China; Drug research base of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen D, Yang Y, Cheng X, Fang F, Xu G, Yuan Z, Xia J, Kong H, Xie W, Wang H, Fang M, Gao Y, Xu Y. Megakaryocytic Leukemia 1 Directs a Histone H3 Lysine 4 Methyltransferase Complex to Regulate Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 65:821-33. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Chen
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Yuyu Yang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Xian Cheng
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Fei Fang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Gang Xu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Zhibin Yuan
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Jun Xia
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Hui Kong
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Weiping Xie
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Mingming Fang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Yuqi Gao
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| | - Yong Xu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University (D.C., G.X., Z.Y., Y.G., Y.X.), Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.Y., X.C., F.F., M.F., Y.X.), and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Weng X, Yu L, Liang P, Chen D, Cheng X, Yang Y, Li L, Zhang T, Zhou B, Wu X, Xu H, Fang M, Gao Y, Chen Q, Xu Y. Endothelial MRTF-A mediates angiotensin II induced cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 80:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
45
|
Yu Y, Ma J, Xiao Y, Yang Q, Kang H, Zhen J, Yu L, Chen L. KLF15 is an essential negative regulatory factor for the cardiac remodeling response to pressure overload. Cardiology 2015; 130:143-52. [PMID: 25633973 DOI: 10.1159/000369382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) in cardiac remodeling and interstitial fibrosis. METHODS A rat model was established by in vivo aortic coarctation followed by a period of pressure unloading and used to measure heart function, myocardial pathological changes, and KLF15, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) expression levels. In addition, cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and treated with KLF15-shRNA or KLF15 recombinant adenovirus to establish a TGF-β-mediated cardiac fibroblast hypertrophy model and analyze cell morphology, collagen secretion, and changes in the expression levels of 4 cytokines. RESULTS In vivo pressure overload impaired cardiac function and resulted in myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. These changes were accompanied by the downregulation of KLF15 mRNA levels and increased expression of the other factors. The response to unloading was the opposite. In in vitro cell experiments, by specifically targeting the KLF15 gene, changes in the expression levels of the 4 cytokines and the amounts of collagen I and III were observed. CONCLUSIONS In myocardial remodeling processes induced by mechanical or metabolic factors, KLF15 regulates TGF-β, CTGF, and MRTF-A expression and can ameliorate or even reverse myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital Affiliated to the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Myocardin related transcription factor A programs epigenetic activation of hepatic stellate cells. J Hepatol 2015; 62:165-74. [PMID: 25109772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) represents a key process in liver injury and, in the absence of intervention, leads to irreversible cirrhosis contributing significantly to the mortality of patients with liver disease. A missing link in the current understanding of HSC activation is the involvement of the epigenetic machinery. We investigated the role of the myocardin related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) in HSC activation. METHODS Liver fibrosis was induced in wild type (WT) and MRTF-A deficient (KO) mice by CCl4 injection. Expression of mRNA and protein was measured by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Protein binding to DNA was assayed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Knockdown of endogenous proteins was mediated by either small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA), carried by lentiviral particles. RESULTS KO mice exhibited resistance to CCl4-induced liver fibrosis compared to WT littermates. The expression of activated HSC signature genes was suppressed in the absence of MRTF-A. ChIP assays revealed that MRTF-A deficiency led to the erasure of key histone modifications, associated with transcriptional activation, such as H3K4 di- and tri-methylation, on the promoter regions of fibrogenic genes. Mechanistically, MRTF-A recruited a histone methyltransferase complex (COMPASS) to the promoters of fibrogenic genes to activate transcription. Silencing of individual COMPASS components dampened transactivation of fibrogenic genes in vitro and blocked liver fibrosis in mice. Oestradiol suppressed HSC activation by dampening the expression and binding activity of COMPASS. CONCLUSIONS Our data illustrate a novel mechanism that connects MRTF-A dependent histone H3K4 methylation to HSC activation.
Collapse
|
47
|
Puelacher C, Rudez J, Twerenbold R, Moreno Weidmann Z, Osswald S, Eckstein F, Lurati-Buse G, Pargger H, Mueller C. B-type natriuretic peptide secretion without change in intra-cardiac pressure. Clin Biochem 2014; 48:318-21. [PMID: 25526883 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In clinical cardiology, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is used as a non-invasive surrogate marker for intra-cardiac filling pressures, particularly in patients with heart failure. It is unknown whether and to what extent increase in intravascular volume and/or sympathetic tone while maintaining constant intra-cardiac pressures leads to an increase in levels of BNP in vivo. DESIGN AND METHODS We aimed to test this hypothesis in an experimental in vivo model of patients directly after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting admitted to the intensive care unit. These patients require high volumes of intravenous fluids titrated to keep intra-cardiac filling pressures and arterial blood pressure in the normal range while awakening from deep general anesthesia. In 27 consecutive patients, intra-cardiac filling pressures (using a pulmonary artery catheter) and levels of BNP were measured simultaneously every 6h. RESULTS At 0, 6, 12, and 18h, the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure remained constant (12±4, 13±3, 12±3, and 13±3mmHg, respectively; p=0.351). Similarly, right heart filling pressures did not change during the study period. In contrast, BNP levels increased significantly during the study period: Median levels were 82 [IQR 37-162] pg/ml at 0h, 153 [92-246] pg/ml at 6h, 274 [156-392] pg/ml at 12h, and 320 [200-528] pg/ml at 18h (p<0.001). No significant correlation between BNP levels and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures was found (r=0.052; p=0.604). CONCLUSIONS After cardiac surgery, BNP cannot be considered a reliable non-invasive surrogate for PCWP. In vivo, substantial BNP secretion occurs independently of PCWP in a setting of increasing intravascular volume and consciousness/sympathetic tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Puelacher
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jasna Rudez
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Twerenbold
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zoraida Moreno Weidmann
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Osswald
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Eckstein
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Lurati-Buse
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Operative Critical Care, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans Pargger
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Operative Critical Care, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao X, Ding EY, Yu OM, Xiang SY, Tan-Sah VP, Yung BS, Hedgpeth J, Neubig RR, Lau LF, Brown JH, Miyamoto S. Induction of the matricellular protein CCN1 through RhoA and MRTF-A contributes to ischemic cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 75:152-61. [PMID: 25106095 PMCID: PMC4157956 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Activation of RhoA, a low molecular-weight G-protein, plays an important role in protecting the heart against ischemic stress. Studies using non-cardiac cells demonstrate that the expression and subsequent secretion of the matricellular protein CCN1 is induced by GPCR agonists that activate RhoA. In this study we determined whether and how CCN1 is induced by GPCR agonists in cardiomyocytes and examined the role of CCN1 in ischemic cardioprotection in cardiomyocytes and the isolated perfused heart. In neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and endothelin-1 induced robust increases in CCN1 expression while phenylephrine, isoproterenol and carbachol had little or no effect. The ability of agonists to activate the small G-protein RhoA correlated with their ability to induce CCN1. CCN1 induction by S1P was blocked when RhoA function was inhibited with C3 exoenzyme or a pharmacological RhoA inhibitor. Conversely overexpression of RhoA was sufficient to induce CCN1 expression. To delineate the signals downstream of RhoA we tested the role of MRTF-A (MKL1), a co-activator of SRF, in S1P-mediated CCN1 expression. S1P increased the nuclear accumulation of MRTF-A and this was inhibited by the functional inactivation of RhoA. In addition, pharmacological inhibitors of MRTF-A or knockdown of MRTF-A significantly diminished S1P-mediated CCN1 expression, indicating a requirement for RhoA/MRTF-A signaling. We also present data indicating that CCN1 is secreted following agonist treatment and RhoA activation, and binds to cells where it can serve an autocrine function. To determine the functional significance of CCN1 expression and signaling, simulated ischemia/reperfusion (sI/R)-induced apoptosis was assessed in NRVMs. The ability of S1P to protect against sI/R was significantly reduced by the inhibition of RhoA, ROCK or MRTF-A or by CCN1 knockdown. We also demonstrate that ischemia/reperfusion induces CCN1 expression in the isolated perfused heart and that this functions as a cardioprotective mechanism, evidenced by the significant increase in infarct development in response to I/R in the cardiac specific CCN1 KO relative to control mice. Our findings implicate CCN1 as a mediator of cardioprotection induced by GPCR agonists that activate RhoA/MRTF-A signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Eric Y Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Olivia M Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Sunny Y Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Valerie P Tan-Sah
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Bryan S Yung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Joe Hedgpeth
- CompleGen, Inc., 1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Richard R Neubig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue St./B440 Life Sciences, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lester F Lau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, 900 S Ashland, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Puelacher C, Hillinger P, Wagener M, Müller C. Cardiac biomarkers for infarct diagnosis and early exclusion of acute coronary syndrome. Herz 2014; 39:668-71. [PMID: 25052581 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-014-4130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a diagnostic challenge: on the one hand patients need to be quickly identified to initiate treatment and on the other hand early exclusion of patients without ACS is important to relieve patient stress as well as overcrowded emergency departments. A growing number of biomarkers are becoming available to aid physicians with this task. This review gives an overview of the current research concerning early exclusion with an emphasis on the clinically most important biomarker: cardiac troponin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Puelacher
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yuan Z, Chen J, Chen D, Xu G, Xia M, Xu Y, Gao Y. Megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1) regulates hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e83895. [PMID: 24647044 PMCID: PMC3960100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) represents a complex pathology that involves active vascular remodeling, loss of vascular tone, enhanced pulmonary inflammation, and increased deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1) is a transcriptional regulator known to influence cellular response to stress signals in the vasculature. We report here that in response to chronic hypobaric hypoxia, MKL1 expression was up-regulated in the lungs in rats. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) mediated depletion of MKL1 significantly ameliorated the elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure in vivo with a marked alleviation of vascular remodeling. MKL1 silencing also restored the expression of NO, a key vasoactive molecule necessary for the maintenance of vascular tone. In addition, hypoxia induced pulmonary inflammation was dampened in the absence of MKL1 as evidenced by normalized levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as reduced infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells in the lungs. Of note, MKL1 knockdown attenuated fibrogenesis in the lungs as indicated by picrosirius red staining. Finally, we demonstrate that MKL1 mediated transcriptional activation of type I collagen genes in smooth muscle cells under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, we data highlight a previously unidentified role for MKL1 in the pathogenesis of HPH and as such lay down groundwork for future investigation and drug development.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Collagen Type I/genetics
- Collagen Type I/metabolism
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypoxia/complications
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
- Male
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Vascular Resistance
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dewei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minjie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (YQG)
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Physiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (YQG)
| |
Collapse
|