1
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Theil AF, Häckes D, Lans H. TFIIH central activity in nucleotide excision repair to prevent disease. DNA Repair (Amst) 2023; 132:103568. [PMID: 37977600 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The heterodecameric transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) functions in multiple cellular processes, foremost in nucleotide excision repair (NER) and transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II. TFIIH is essential for life and hereditary mutations in TFIIH cause the devastating human syndromes xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne syndrome or trichothiodystrophy, or combinations of these. In NER, TFIIH binds to DNA after DNA damage is detected and, using its translocase and helicase subunits XPB and XPD, opens up the DNA and checks for the presence of DNA damage. This central activity leads to dual incision and removal of the DNA strand containing the damage, after which the resulting DNA gap is restored. In this review, we discuss new structural and mechanistic insights into the central function of TFIIH in NER. Moreover, we provide an elaborate overview of all currently known patients and diseases associated with inherited TFIIH mutations and describe how our understanding of TFIIH function in NER and transcription can explain the different disease features caused by TFIIH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan F Theil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David Häckes
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hannes Lans
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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2
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Bhat Y, Trumboo T, Krishan K. Hair shaft disorders in children – An update. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:163-171. [PMID: 37089857 PMCID: PMC10115339 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders of hair shaft are a diverse group of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the hair that can pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the dermatologists. Hair shaft abnormalities can occur as an isolated phenomenon or can be associated with an underlying genetic syndrome. Any change in the texture, appearance, and growth of the hair should prompt evaluation of the patient for the presence of any hair shaft anomaly. The diagnosis can be suggested by a complete history and physical examination of the hair-bearing areas as well as other ectodermal structures (nails and teeth). A key feature in the evaluation of hair shaft defects is to determine the fragility of the hair shaft that can be elucidated by performing the "tug test." Trichoscopy and light microscopy serve as valuable tools in establishing the specific type of hair shaft disorder. An update of the approach for the diagnosis and management is included in this review.
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3
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van Toorn M, Turkyilmaz Y, Han S, Zhou D, Kim HS, Salas-Armenteros I, Kim M, Akita M, Wienholz F, Raams A, Ryu E, Kang S, Theil AF, Bezstarosti K, Tresini M, Giglia-Mari G, Demmers JA, Schärer OD, Choi JH, Vermeulen W, Marteijn JA. Active DNA damage eviction by HLTF stimulates nucleotide excision repair. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1343-1358.e8. [PMID: 35271816 PMCID: PMC9473497 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) counteracts the onset of cancer and aging by removing helix-distorting DNA lesions via a "cut-and-patch"-type reaction. The regulatory mechanisms that drive NER through its successive damage recognition, verification, incision, and gap restoration reaction steps remain elusive. Here, we show that the RAD5-related translocase HLTF facilitates repair through active eviction of incised damaged DNA together with associated repair proteins. Our data show a dual-incision-dependent recruitment of HLTF to the NER incision complex, which is mediated by HLTF's HIRAN domain that binds 3'-OH single-stranded DNA ends. HLTF's translocase motor subsequently promotes the dissociation of the stably damage-bound incision complex together with the incised oligonucleotide, allowing for an efficient PCNA loading and initiation of repair synthesis. Our findings uncover HLTF as an important NER factor that actively evicts DNA damage, thereby providing additional quality control by coordinating the transition between the excision and DNA synthesis steps to safeguard genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin van Toorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yasemin Turkyilmaz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sueji Han
- Center for Bioanalysis, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Di Zhou
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hyun-Suk Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Salas-Armenteros
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mihyun Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaki Akita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Franziska Wienholz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Raams
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eunjin Ryu
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhyun Kang
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjan F Theil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karel Bezstarosti
- Proteomics Centre, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Tresini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giuseppina Giglia-Mari
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 16 rue Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jeroen A Demmers
- Proteomics Centre, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Choi
- Center for Bioanalysis, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A Marteijn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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4
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Thijssen KL, van der Woude M, Davó-Martínez C, Dekkers DHW, Sabatella M, Demmers JAA, Vermeulen W, Lans H. C. elegans TFIIH subunit GTF-2H5/TTDA is a non-essential transcription factor indispensable for DNA repair. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1336. [PMID: 34824371 PMCID: PMC8617094 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The 10-subunit TFIIH complex is vital to transcription and nucleotide excision repair. Hereditary mutations in its smallest subunit, TTDA/GTF2H5, cause a photosensitive form of the rare developmental disorder trichothiodystrophy. Some trichothiodystrophy features are thought to be caused by subtle transcription or gene expression defects. TTDA/GTF2H5 knockout mice are not viable, making it difficult to investigate TTDA/GTF2H5 in vivo function. Here we show that deficiency of C. elegans TTDA ortholog GTF-2H5 is, however, compatible with life, in contrast to depletion of other TFIIH subunits. GTF-2H5 promotes TFIIH stability in multiple tissues and is indispensable for nucleotide excision repair, in which it facilitates recruitment of TFIIH to DNA damage. Strikingly, when transcription is challenged, gtf-2H5 embryos die due to the intrinsic TFIIH fragility in absence of GTF-2H5. These results support the idea that TTDA/GTF2H5 mutations cause transcription impairment underlying trichothiodystrophy and establish C. elegans as model for studying pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Thijssen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie van der Woude
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlota Davó-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick H W Dekkers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariangela Sabatella
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Mariangela Sabatella, Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A A Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hannes Lans
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Gervais V, Muller I, Mari PO, Mourcet A, Movellan KT, Ramos P, Marcoux J, Guillet V, Javaid S, Burlet-Schiltz O, Czaplicki G, Milon A, Giglia-Mari G. Small molecule-based targeting of TTD-A dimerization to control TFIIH transcriptional activity represents a potential strategy for anticancer therapy. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14974-14988. [PMID: 30068551 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human transcription factor TFIIH is a large complex composed of 10 subunits that form an intricate network of protein-protein interactions critical for regulating its transcriptional and DNA repair activities. The trichothiodystrophy group A protein (TTD-A or p8) is the smallest TFIIH subunit, shuttling between a free and a TFIIH-bound state. Its dimerization properties allow it to shift from a homodimeric state, in the absence of a functional partner, to a heterodimeric structure, enabling dynamic binding to TFIIH. Recruitment of p8 at TFIIH stabilizes the overall architecture of the complex, whereas p8's absence reduces its cellular steady-state concentration and consequently decreases basal transcription, highlighting that p8 dimerization may be an attractive target for down-regulating transcription in cancer cells. Here, using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations to study p8 conformational stability and a >3000-member library of chemical fragments, we identified small-molecule compounds that bind to the dimerization interface of p8 and provoke its destabilization, as assessed by biophysical studies. Using quantitative imaging of TFIIH in living mouse cells, we found that these molecules reduce the intracellular concentration of TFIIH and its transcriptional activity to levels similar to that observed in individuals with trichothiodystrophy owing to mutated TTD-A Our results provide a proof of concept of fragment-based drug discovery, demonstrating the utility of small molecules for targeting p8 dimerization to modulate the transcriptional machinery, an approach that may help inform further development in anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Gervais
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France,
| | - Isabelle Muller
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Mari
- the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310, F-69008 Lyon, France, and
| | - Amandine Mourcet
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Kumar Tekwani Movellan
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Ramos
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Marcoux
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Guillet
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sumaira Javaid
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France.,the Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Georges Czaplicki
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Milon
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Giuseppina Giglia-Mari
- the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310, F-69008 Lyon, France, and
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6
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Singh G, Miteva M. Prognosis and Management of Congenital Hair Shaft Disorders with Fragility-Part I. Pediatr Dermatol 2016; 33:473-80. [PMID: 27292719 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hair shaft disorders are characterized by congenital or acquired abnormalities of the hair shaft. The objective was to review the literature regarding the prognosis and treatment options of hair shaft disorders. We used keywords in the search engines PubMed and Medline to identify all publications in the English language related to the prognosis and management of hair shaft disorders. Data were extracted from 96 articles that met search criteria. Findings were limited to case reports and small case series, as no studies were found. Disorders that improve in childhood include pili torti, trichorrhexis invaginata, wooly hair, and pili trianguli et canaliculi. Others, such as trichorrhexis nodosa, monilethrix, pili annulati, and pili bifurcati improve with minoxidil. Oral retinoids have improved hair abnormalities in trichorrhexis invaginata and monilethrix. There is no specific treatment for congenital hair shaft abnormalities. Gentle hair care is the mainstay of care for hair shaft disorders associated with fragility. Practices for gentle care include no brushing, backcombing, chemical products, tight braids, heat exposure, or mechanical grooming. Any inherited or congenital disorder requires genetic counseling as part of management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
| | - Mariya Miteva
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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7
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Qiao Q, Wang Q, Han X, Guan Y, Sun H, Zhong Y, Huang J, Zhang T. Transcriptome sequencing of Crucihimalaya himalaica (Brassicaceae) reveals how Arabidopsis close relative adapt to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21729. [PMID: 26906946 PMCID: PMC4764839 DOI: 10.1038/srep21729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extreme environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) provides an ideal natural laboratory for studies on adaptive evolution. Few genome/transcriptome based studies have been conducted on how plants adapt to the environments of QTP compared to numerous studies on vertebrates. Crucihimalaya himalaica is a close relative of Arabidopsis with typical QTP distribution, and is hoped to be a new model system to study speciation and ecological adaptation in extreme environment. In this study, we de novo generated a transcriptome sequence of C. himalaica, with a total of 49,438 unigenes. Compared to five relatives, 10,487 orthogroups were shared by all six species, and 4,286 orthogroups contain putative single copy gene. Further analysis identified 487 extremely significantly positively selected genes (PSGs) in C. himalaica transcriptome. Theses PSGs were enriched in functions related to specific adaptation traits, such as response to radiation, DNA repair, nitrogen metabolism, and stabilization of membrane. These functions are responsible for the adaptation of C. himalaica to the high radiation, soil depletion and low temperature environments on QTP. Our findings indicate that C. himalaica has evolved complex strategies for adapting to the extreme environments on QTP and provide novel insights into genetic mechanisms of highland adaptation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qiao
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Xi Han
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanlong Guan
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Ticao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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8
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Gayarre J, Kamieniak MM, Cazorla-Jiménez A, Muñoz-Repeto I, Borrego S, García-Donas J, Hernando S, Robles-Díaz L, García-Bueno JM, Ramón Y Cajal T, Hernández-Agudo E, Heredia Soto V, Márquez-Rodas I, Echarri MJ, Lacambra-Calvet C, Sáez R, Cusidó M, Redondo A, Paz-Ares L, Hardisson D, Mendiola M, Palacios J, Benítez J, García MJ. The NER-related gene GTF2H5 predicts survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. J Gynecol Oncol 2015; 27:e7. [PMID: 26463438 PMCID: PMC4695457 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2016.27.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of the nucleotide excision repair-related gene GTF2H5, which is localized at the 6q24.2-26 deletion previously reported by our group to predict longer survival of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. METHODS In order to test if protein levels of GTF2H5 are associated with patients' outcome, we performed GTF2H5 immunohistochemical staining in 139 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas included in tissue microarrays. Upon stratification of cases into high- and low-GTF2H5 staining categories (> and ≤ median staining, respectively) Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were used to estimate patients' survival and assess statistical differences. We also evaluated the association of GTF2H5 with survival at the transcriptional level by using the on-line Kaplan-Meier plotter tool, which includes gene expression and survival data of 855 high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients from 13 different datasets. Finally, we determined whether stable short hairpin RNA-mediated GTF2H5 downregulation modulates cisplatin sensitivity in the SKOV3 and COV504 cell lines by using cytotoxicity assays. RESULTS Low expression of GTF2H5 was associated with longer 5-year survival of patients at the protein (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.93; p=0.024) and transcriptional level (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.97; p=0.023) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. We confirmed the association with 5-year overall survival (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.78; p=0.0007) and also found an association with progression-free survival (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.96; p=0.026) in a homogenous group of 388 high-stage (stages III-IV using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system), optimally debulked high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. GTF2H5-silencing induced a decrease of the half maximal inhibitory concentration upon cisplatin treatment in GTF2H5-silenced ovarian cancer cells. CONCLUSION Low levels of GTF2H5 are associated with enhanced prognosis in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients and may contribute to cisplatin sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gayarre
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta M Kamieniak
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ivan Muñoz-Repeto
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction, and Fetal Medicine, IBIS, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susana Hernando
- Department of Oncology, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Alcorcon, Spain
| | - Luis Robles-Díaz
- Familial Cancer Unit and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Hernández-Agudo
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Heredia Soto
- Pathology and Translational Oncology Research Laboratories, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Márquez-Rodas
- Medical Oncology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Raquel Sáez
- Laboratory of Genetics, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Cusidó
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Redondo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital La Paz IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hardisson
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Hospital La Paz IdiPAZ, and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Mendiola
- Pathology and Translational Oncology Research Laboratories, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Palacios
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José García
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
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9
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10
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Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the main pathway used by mammals to remove bulky DNA lesions such as those formed by UV light, environmental mutagens, and some cancer chemotherapeutic adducts from DNA. Deficiencies in NER are associated with the extremely skin cancer-prone inherited disorder xeroderma pigmentosum. Although the core NER reaction and the factors that execute it have been known for some years, recent studies have led to a much more detailed understanding of the NER mechanism, how NER operates in the context of chromatin, and how it is connected to other cellular processes such as DNA damage signaling and transcription. This review emphasizes biochemical, structural, cell biological, and genetic studies since 2005 that have shed light on many aspects of the NER pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando D Schärer
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11974-3400
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11
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Nonnekens J, Cabantous S, Slingerland J, Mari PO, Giglia-Mari G. In vivo interactions of TTDA mutant proteins within TFIIH. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:3278-83. [PMID: 23729738 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.126839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichothiodystrophy group A (TTD-A) patients carry a mutation in the transcription factor II H (TFIIH) subunit TTDA. Using a novel in vivo tripartite split-GFP system, we show that TTDA interacts with the TFIIH subunit p52 and the p52-TTDA-GFP product is incorporated into TFIIH. p52-TTDA-GFP is able to bind DNA and is recruited to UV-damaged DNA. Furthermore, we show that two patient-mutated TTDA proteins can interact with p52, are able to bind to the DNA and can localize to damaged DNA. Our findings give new insights into the behavior of TTDA within the context of a living cell and thereby shed light on the complex phenotype of TTD-A patients.
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Theil AF, Nonnekens J, Steurer B, Mari PO, de Wit J, Lemaitre C, Marteijn JA, Raams A, Maas A, Vermeij M, Essers J, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Giglia-Mari G, Vermeulen W. Disruption of TTDA results in complete nucleotide excision repair deficiency and embryonic lethality. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003431. [PMID: 23637614 PMCID: PMC3630102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The ten-subunit transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) plays a crucial role in transcription and nucleotide excision repair (NER). Inactivating mutations in the smallest 8-kDa TFB5/TTDA subunit cause the neurodevelopmental progeroid repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy A (TTD-A). Previous studies have shown that TTDA is the only TFIIH subunit that appears not to be essential for NER, transcription, or viability. We studied the consequences of TTDA inactivation by generating a Ttda knock-out (Ttda−/−) mouse-model resembling TTD-A patients. Unexpectedly, Ttda−/− mice were embryonic lethal. However, in contrast to full disruption of all other TFIIH subunits, viability of Ttda−/− cells was not affected. Surprisingly, Ttda−/− cells were completely NER deficient, contrary to the incomplete NER deficiency of TTD-A patient-derived cells. We further showed that TTD-A patient mutations only partially inactivate TTDA function, explaining the relatively mild repair phenotype of TTD-A cells. Moreover, Ttda−/− cells were also highly sensitive to oxidizing agents. These findings reveal an essential role of TTDA for life, nucleotide excision repair, and oxidative DNA damage repair and identify Ttda−/− cells as a unique class of TFIIH mutants. DNA is under constant attack of various environmental and cellular produced DNA damaging agents. DNA damage hampers normal cell function; however, different DNA repair mechanisms protect our genetic information. Nucleotide Excision Repair is one of the most versatile repair processes, as it removes a large variety of DNA helix-distorting lesions induced by UV light and various chemicals. To remove these lesions, the DNA helix needs to be opened by the transcription/repair factor II H (TFIIH). TFIIH is a multifunctional complex that consists of 10 subunits and plays a fundamental role in opening the DNA helix in both NER and transcription. TTDA, the smallest subunit of TFIIH, was thought to be dispensable for both NER and transcription. However, in this paper, we show for the first time that TTDA is in fact a crucial component of TFIIH for NER. We demonstrate that Ttda−/− mice are embryonic lethal. We also show that Ttda−/− mouse cells are the first known viable TFIIH subunit knock-out cells, which are completely NER deficient and sensitive to oxidative agents (showing a new role for TFIIH outside NER and transcription).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan F. Theil
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Nonnekens
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS) and Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Barbara Steurer
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre-Olivier Mari
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS) and Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jan de Wit
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Anja Raams
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Maas
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Vermeij
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Essers
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giuseppina Giglia-Mari
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS) and Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (WV); (GG-M)
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (WV); (GG-M)
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