1
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Chai T, Yue W, Xu P, Gildea J, Felder R. Caveolin-1, a Determinant of the Fate of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2024; 18:11782234241226802. [PMID: 38298330 PMCID: PMC10829489 DOI: 10.1177/11782234241226802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The scaffolding protein, caveolin-1 (Cav-1), participates in multiple cellular functions including promotion of sodium excretion from the kidney. Loss of expression of Cav-1 is associated with tumorigenesis of various types of cancer. We have shown the potential link between hypertension and breast cancer via abnormal function of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4). Objective The current studies tested the hypothesis that Cav-1 acts as a tumor-suppressive factor in breast cancer cells and enhances the sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of the type 1 dopaminergic receptor (D1R). Methods Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF) MCF-7 cells stably expressing a Cav-1/mCherry fusion protein or mCherry alone were used as models to examine the effect of Cav-1 on cell growth, apoptosis, and senescence. Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting, cell cycle analysis (flow cytometry), and BrdU incorporation. Apoptosis was determined using the Cell Death Detection ELISA kit from Roche Diagnosis. Senescence was determined using the senescence associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Western blot analysis was used to measure activation of signaling pathway molecules. All statistical analyses were conducted with Microsoft Excel. Results Overexpression of Cav-1 in MCF-7 cells reduced cellular growth rate. Both inhibition of proliferation and induction of cell death are contributing factors. Multiple signaling pathways were activated in Cav-1-expressing MCF-7 cells. Activation of Akt was prominent. In MCF-7-expressing Cav-1 (MCF-7 Cav-1) cells, the levels of phosphorylated Akt at S473 and T308 were increased 28- and 8.7-fold, respectively. Instead of protecting cells from apoptosis, extremely high levels of activated Akt resulted in increased levels of ROS which led to apoptosis and senescence. The tumor-suppressive effect plus downregulation of GRK4 makes Cav-1-expressing MCF-7 cells significantly more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the D1R agonist, SKF38393. Conclusion Caveolin-1 acts as a tumor-suppressing factor via extreme activation of Akt and down regulation of survival factors such as GRK4, survivin, and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Chai
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John Gildea
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robin Felder
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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2
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Li H, Zhang Q, Xue X, Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang J, Lin L, Niu Q. Lnc001209 Participates in aluminium-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by regulating PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115062. [PMID: 37229874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is a common environmental neurotoxin, but the molecular mechanism underlying its toxic effects remains unclear. Many studies have shown that aluminium exposure leads to increased neuronal apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in aluminium exposure-induced neuronal apoptosis. The results showed a decrease in the number of PC12 cells and changes in cell morphology in the aluminium maltol exposure group. The viability of PC12 cells decreased gradually with increasing of exposure doses, and the apoptosis rate increased. The expression of Lnc001209 decreased gradually with an increase in the aluminium exposure dose. After transfection of Lnc001209 siRNA in aluminium-exposed PC12 cells, the protein expression levels of p-Akt Ser473, p-Akt Thr308, p-P85 Tyr467, p-mTOR Ser2448 and CD36 were increased. RNA pull-down MS showed that Lnc001209 interacts with the CD36 protein. Expression of the CD36 protein was increased in PC12 cells exposed to aluminium. The results of the CD36 intervention experiment showed that the protein expression levels of p-Akt Ser473, p-Akt Thr308, p-P85 Tyr467, and p-mTOR Ser2448 likely increased after CD36 overexpression. In addition, the phosphorylation level of AKT had the most significant increase. The enhancement of p-Akt activity promotes neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China; Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Qinli Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xingli Xue
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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3
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Zhang R, Wang H, Xiao J, Lu J, Li M, Zhou Y, Sun H, Liu L, Huang T, Zhao Q. CAV1 Impacts the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Has Potential Value of Predicting Response to Immunotherapy in Esophageal Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:27-42. [PMID: 36638349 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is one of the members of the caveolae, and the role of CAV1 in esophageal cancer (ESCA) is not completely clear. In this study, we found that expression of CAV1 was downregulated in ESCA in The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database and we also use immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray for verification. Then, we used bioinformatics methods to investigate the prognostic value of CAV1, influence on immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment (TME) and responding to immunotherapy in ESCA. Our result indicated that CAV1 designs an inflamed TME in ESCA based on the evidence that CAV1 positively correlated with immunomodulators, immune score, stomal score, cancer immunity cycles, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, T cell inflamed score, and immune checkpoints. Immunophenoscore, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion algorithms, and the mutation analysis show that the downregulated CAV1 expression indicated higher tumor mutation burden and higher rate of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the low-expression group. In a word, our study demonstrated the impact of CAV1 to the TME in ESCA and it may be a new target for ESCA immunotherapy. In addition, the expression of CAV1 can predict the clinical response to ICIs, which may provide clinical treatment guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Hubei Aerospace Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Menglin Li
- Hubei Aerospace Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - You Zhou
- Hubei Aerospace Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - He Sun
- Hubei Aerospace Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
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4
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Abstract
Since the initial reports implicating caveolin-1 (CAV1) in neoplasia, the scientific community has made tremendous strides towards understanding how CAV1-dependent signaling and caveolae assembly modulate solid tumor growth. Once a solid neoplastic tumor reaches a certain size, it will increasingly rely on its stroma to meet the metabolic demands of the rapidly proliferating cancer cells, a limitation typically but not exclusively addressed via the formation of new blood vessels. Landmark studies using xenograft tumor models have highlighted the importance of stromal CAV1 during neoplastic blood vessel growth from preexisting vasculature, a process called angiogenesis, and helped identify endothelium-specific signaling events regulated by CAV1, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors as well as the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) systems. This chapter provides a glimpse into the signaling events modulated by CAV1 and its scaffolding domain (CSD) during endothelial-specific aspects of neoplastic growth, such as vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), 2176 Health Sciences mall, room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. .,Centre for Heart & Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
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5
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A Role for Caveolin-3 in the Pathogenesis of Muscular Dystrophies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228736. [PMID: 33228026 PMCID: PMC7699313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are the cholesterol-rich small invaginations of the plasma membrane present in many cell types including adipocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscles, skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles. They serve as specialized platforms for many signaling molecules and regulate important cellular processes like energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, mitochondria homeostasis, and mechano-transduction. Caveolae can be internalized together with associated cargo. The caveolae-dependent endocytic pathway plays a role in the withdrawal of many plasma membrane components that can be sent for degradation or recycled back to the cell surface. Caveolae are formed by oligomerization of caveolin proteins. Caveolin-3 is a muscle-specific isoform, whose malfunction is associated with several diseases including diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Mutations in Caveolin-3 are known to cause muscular dystrophies that are collectively called caveolinopathies. Altered expression of Caveolin-3 is also observed in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, which is likely a part of the pathological process leading to muscle weakness. This review summarizes the major functions of Caveolin-3 in skeletal muscles and discusses its involvement in the pathology of muscular dystrophies.
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6
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Díaz MI, Díaz P, Bennett JC, Urra H, Ortiz R, Orellana PC, Hetz C, Quest AFG. Caveolin-1 suppresses tumor formation through the inhibition of the unfolded protein response. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:648. [PMID: 32811828 PMCID: PMC7434918 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02792-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1), is a broadly expressed, membrane-associated scaffolding protein that acts both, as a tumor suppressor and a promoter of metastasis, depending on the type of cancer and stage. CAV1 is downregulated in human tumors, tumor cell lines and oncogene-transformed cells. The tumor suppressor activity of CAV1 is generally associated with its presence at the plasma membrane, where it participates, together with cavins, in the formation of caveolae and also has been suggested to interact with and inhibit a wide variety of proteins through interactions mediated by the scaffolding domain. However, a pool of CAV1 is also located at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), modulating the secretory pathway in a manner dependent on serine-80 (S80) phosphorylation. In melanoma cells, CAV1 expression suppresses tumor formation, but the protein is largely absent from the plasma membrane and does not form caveolae. Perturbations to the function of the ER are emerging as a central driver of cancer, highlighting the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a central pathway involved in stress mitigation. Here we provide evidence indicating that the expression of CAV1 represses the activation of the UPR in vitro and in solid tumors, reflected in the attenuation of PERK and IRE1α signaling. These effects correlated with increased susceptibility of cells to ER stress and hypoxia. Interestingly, the tumor suppressor activity of CAV1 was abrogated by site-directed mutagenesis of S80, correlating with a reduced ability to repress the UPR. We conclude that the tumor suppression by CAV1 involves the attenuation of the UPR, and identified S80 as essential in this context. This suggests that intracellular CAV1 regulates cancer through alternative signaling outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Díaz
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Díaz
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jimena Castillo Bennett
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Hery Urra
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Proteostasis Control and Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rina Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Contreras Orellana
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile.
- Laboratory of Proteostasis Control and Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.
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7
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Caveolin-1 Scaffolding Domain Peptide Regulates Colon Endothelial Cell Survival through JNK Pathway. Int J Inflam 2020; 2020:6150942. [PMID: 35013693 PMCID: PMC8742180 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6150942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that pathological angiogenesis contributes to both experimental colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, we demonstrated that endothelial caveolin-1 plays a key role in the pathological angiogenesis of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis. However, the molecular mechanism of caveolin-1 regulation of endothelial function is unknown. In this study, we examined how the antennapedia- (AP-) conjugated caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (AP-Cav) modulates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) dependent colon endothelial cell angiogenic responses, as seen during colitis. We used mouse colon endothelial cells and found that AP-Cav significantly inhibited VEGF-mediated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into colon microvascular endothelial cells. AP-Cav significantly blunted VEGF-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) phosphorylation at 10 minutes and 2 hours after stimulation, compared with the AP control peptide. AP-Cav + VEGF-A treatment also significantly increased c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation at 2 hours. AP-Cav + VEGF-A treatment significantly downregulated retinoblastoma (Rb) protein levels, upregulated cleaved caspase-3 protein levels at 4 hours, and induced apoptosis. Thus, our study suggests that disruption of endothelial caveolin-1 function via the AP-Cav diverts VEGF signaling responses away from endothelial cell proliferation and toward apoptosis through the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling and the induction of JNK-associated apoptosis.
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8
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Abstract
Specificity in signal transduction is determined by the ability of cells to "encode" and subsequently "decode" different environmental signals. Akin to computer software, this "signaling code" governs context-dependent execution of cellular programs through modulation of signaling dynamics and can be corrupted by disease-causing mutations. Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is critical for normal growth and development and is dysregulated in human disorders such as benign overgrowth syndromes, cancer, primary immune deficiency, and metabolic syndrome. Despite decades of PI3K research, understanding of context-dependent regulation of the PI3K pathway and of the underlying signaling code remains rudimentary. Here, we review current knowledge on context-specific PI3K signaling and how technological advances now make it possible to move from a qualitative to quantitative understanding of this pathway. Insight into how cellular PI3K signaling is encoded or decoded may open new avenues for rational pharmacological targeting of PI3K-associated diseases. The principles of PI3K context-dependent signal encoding and decoding described here are likely applicable to most, if not all, major cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitsa R Madsen
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Bart Vanhaesebroeck
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
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9
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Inoh Y, Tsuchiya Y, Nakanishi Y, Yokawa S, Furuno T. Involvement of intracellular caveolin-1 distribution in the suppression of antigen-induced mast cell activation by cationic liposomes. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1068-1075. [PMID: 31889352 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes are commonly used as vectors to effectively introduce foreign genes into target cells. In another function, we recently showed that cationic liposomes bound to the mast cell surface suppress the degranulation induced by the cross-linking of high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This suppression is mediated by the impairment of the sustained level of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) via the inhibition of store-operated Ca2+ entry. Further, we revealed that the mechanism underlying an impaired [Ca2+ ]i increase is the inhibition of the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Yet, how cationic liposomes inhibit the PI3K-Akt pathway is still unclear. Here, we focused on caveolin-1, a major component of caveolae, which is reported to be involved in the activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway in various cell lines. In this study, we showed that caveolin-1 translocated from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane after the activation of mast cells and colocalized with the p85 subunit of PI3K, which seemed to be essential for PI3K activity. Meanwhile, cationic liposomes suppressed the translocation of caveolin-1 to the plasma membrane and the colocalization of caveolin-1 with PI3K p85 also at the plasma membrane. This finding provides new information for the development of therapies using cationic liposomes against allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Inoh
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Yuuki Tsuchiya
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Yokiko Nakanishi
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokawa
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Tadahide Furuno
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
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10
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Cancer Treatment Goes Viral: Using Viral Proteins to Induce Tumour-Specific Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121975. [PMID: 31817939 PMCID: PMC6966515 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a tightly regulated process which can be exploited in cancer treatment to drive the killing of the tumour. Several conventional cancer therapies including chemotherapeutic agents target pathways involved in cell death, yet they often fail due to the lack of selectivity they have for tumour cells over healthy cells. Over the past decade, research has demonstrated the existence of numerous proteins which have an intrinsic tumour-specific toxicity, several of which originate from viruses. These tumour-selective viral proteins, although from distinct backgrounds, have several similar and interesting properties. Though the mechanism(s) of action of these proteins are not fully understood, it is possible that they can manipulate several cell death modes in cancer exemplifying the intricate interplay between these pathways. This review will discuss our current knowledge on the topic and outstanding questions, as well as deliberate the potential for viral proteins to progress into the clinic as successful cancer therapeutics.
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11
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Shang L, Chen T, Xian J, Deng Y, Huang Y, Zhao Q, Liang G, Liang Z, Lian F, Wei H, Huang Q. The caveolin-3 P104L mutation in LGMD-1C patients inhibits non-insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and growth but promotes myocyte proliferation. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:669-677. [PMID: 30958599 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The caveolin-3 (CAV3) protein is known to be specifically expressed in various myocytes, and skeletal muscle consumes most of the blood glucose as an energy source to maintain normal cell metabolism and function. The P104L mutation in the coding sequence of the human CAV3 gene leads to autosomal dominant disease limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C (LGMD-1C). We previously reported that C2C12 cells transiently transfected with the P104L CAV3 mutant exhibited decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis after insulin stimulation. The present study aimed to examine whether the P104L mutation affects C2C12 cell glucose metabolism, growth, and proliferation without insulin stimulation. C2C12 cells stably transfected with CAV3-P104L were established, and biochemical assays, western blot analysis and confocal microscopy were used to observe glucose metabolism as well as cell growth and proliferation and to determine the effect of the P104L mutation on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Without insulin stimulation, C2C12 cells stably transfected with the P104L CAV3 mutant exhibited decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, decreased CAV3 expression and reduced localization of CAV3 and GLUT4 on the cell membrane. The P104L mutant significantly reduced the cell diameters, but accelerated cell proliferation. Akt phosphorylation was inhibited, and protein expression of GLUT4, p-GSK3β, and p-p70s6K, which are molecules downstream of Akt, was significantly decreased. The CAV3-P104L mutation inhibits glycometabolism and cell growth but accelerates C2C12 cell proliferation by reducing CAV3 protein expression and cell membrane localization, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LGMD-1C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Xian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Yufeng Deng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiyuan Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiwei Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Guining Liang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Fang Lian
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongqiao Wei
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
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12
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Mehta N, Zhang D, Li R, Wang T, Gava A, Parthasarathy P, Gao B, Krepinsky JC. Caveolin-1 regulation of Sp1 controls production of the antifibrotic protein follistatin in kidney mesangial cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:37. [PMID: 30995923 PMCID: PMC6472091 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that caveolin-1 (cav-1), an integral membrane protein, is required for the synthesis of matrix proteins by glomerular mesangial cells (MC). In a previous study to understand how cav-1 is involved in regulating matrix production, we had identified significant upregulation of the antifibrotic protein follistatin in cav-1 knockout MC. Follistatin inhibits the profibrotic effects of several members of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, in particular the activins. Here, we characterize the molecular mechanism through which cav-1 regulates the expression of follistatin. METHODS Kidneys from cav-1 wild type and knockout (KO) mice were analyzed and primary cultures of MC from cav-1 wild-type and KO mice were utilized. FST promoter deletion constructs were generated to determine the region of the promoter important for mediating FST upregulation in cav-1 KO MC. siRNA-mediated down-regulation and overexpression of Sp1 in conjunction with luciferase activity assays, immunoprecipitation, western blotting and ChiP was used to assess the role of Sp1 in transcriptionally regulating FST expression. Pharmacologic kinase inhibitors and specific siRNA were used to determine the post-translational mechanism through which cav-1 affects Sp1 activity. RESULTS Our results establish that follistatin upregulation occurs at the transcript level. We identified Sp1 as the critical transcription factor regulating activation of the FST promoter in cav-1 KO MC through binding to a region within 123 bp of the transcription start site. We further determined that the lack of cav-1 increases Sp1 nuclear levels and transcriptional activity. This occurred through increased phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and downstream protein kinase C (PKC) zeta-mediated phosphorylation and activation of Sp1. CONCLUSIONS These findings shed light on the transcriptional mechanism by which cav-1 represses the expression of a major antifibrotic protein, and can inform the development of novel antifibrotic treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Mehta
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Renzhong Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tony Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Agata Gava
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | | | - Bo Gao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Joan C Krepinsky
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. .,St. Joseph's Hospital, 50 Charlton Ave East, Rm T3311, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada.
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13
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Role of the Endocytosis of Caveolae in Intracellular Signaling and Metabolism. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 57:203-234. [PMID: 30097777 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96704-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caveolae are 60-80 nm invaginated plasma membrane (PM) nanodomains, with a specific lipid and protein composition, which assist and regulate multiple processes in the plasma membrane-ranging from the organization of signalling complexes to the mechanical adaptation to changes in PM tension. However, since their initial descriptions, these structures have additionally been found tightly linked to internalization processes, mechanoadaptation, to the regulation of signalling events and of endosomal trafficking. Here, we review caveolae biology from this perspective, and its implications for cell physiology and disease.
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14
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Liang Q, Zhang Y, Huang M, Xiao Y, Xiao F. Role of mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in L‑02 hepatocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1256-1265. [PMID: 30535451 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well reported that mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) are involved in heavy metal‑induced cytotoxicity, the role of mitochondrial damage in hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]‑induced ERS and the correlation between the two have not been described and remain to be elucidated. The present study evaluated the ability of Cr(VI) to induce ERS in L‑02 hepatocytes, and subsequently examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‑mediated mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced ERS. The findings demonstrated that Cr(VI) induced ERS, which was characterized by the upregulation of ERS‑associated genes and the substantial release of Ca2+ from the ER. The Cr(VI)‑induced mitochondrial production of ROS, by disturbing mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II, may damage mitochondria directly by inducing mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. The results additionally demonstrated that Cr(VI) induced Ca2+ release from the ER through ROS/caveolin‑1/protein kinase B/inositol 1,4,5‑trisphosphate receptor signaling. The application of the ROS scavenger N‑acetyl‑cysteine confirmed the role of ROS in Cr(VI)‑mediated mitochondrial damage, ERS and apoptotic cell death. The data obtained demonstrated the role of mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced ERS and provide novel insight into the elucidation of Cr(VI)‑induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Manfeng Huang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang L, Zhao H, Cui Z, Lv Y, Zhang W, Ma X, Zhang J, Sun B, Zhou D, Yuan L. A peptide derived from apoptin inhibits glioma growth. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31119-31132. [PMID: 28415709 PMCID: PMC5458194 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with poor prognosis due to its resistance to surgery, irradiation, and conventional chemotherapy. Thus, efficient therapeutic approaches for the treatment of GBM are urgently needed. HSP70 is an antiapoptotic protein that participates in the inhibition of both mitochondrial and membrane receptor apoptosis pathways and is highly expressed in glioma tissues. Here, we investigated a derivative of apoptin; specifically, a chicken anemia viral protein with selective toxicity toward cancer cells that can inhibit hyperactive molecules, including HSP70. Our earlier studies demonstrated that apoptin directly binds to the promoter of HSP70 and inhibits HSP70 transcription, which contributes to HSP70 downregulation. This study provides the first demonstration of the therapeutic potential of an apoptin-derived peptide for the treatment of GBM by identifying the minimal region of the apoptin domain required for interaction with the heat-shock element (HSE). This apoptin-derived peptide (ADP) inhibits glioma cell proliferation and tumor growth as well as exhibits an increased ability to promote apoptosis in GBM cells compared with rapamycin and temozolomide. ADP treatment inhibited xenograft tumor growth and increased the overall health and survival of nude mice implanted with GBM cells. These effects were measured in tumors obtained from cell lines and were observed in both intracranial and subcutaneous xenografts. In conclusion, we provide the first demonstration that ADP has therapeutic potential for the treatment of human GBM. Specifically, this study suggests that ADP is a potent candidate for drug development based on its favorable toxicity and pharmacokinetic profiles as well as its time- and cost-saving benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiu Zhang
- Teaching Experiment Center of Biotechnology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Hengyu Zhao
- Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqi Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Yueshan Lv
- Department of Immunology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Beijing Sun Palace Community Health Center, P.R. China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Banghao Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
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16
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García-Rodríguez S, Rosal-Vela A, Botta D, Cumba Garcia LM, Zumaquero E, Prados-Maniviesa V, Cerezo-Wallis D, Lo Buono N, Robles-Guirado JÁ, Guerrero S, González-Paredes E, Andrés-León E, Corbí Á, Mack M, Koch-Nolte F, Merino R, Zubiaur M, Lund FE, Sancho J. CD38 promotes pristane-induced chronic inflammation and increases susceptibility to experimental lupus by an apoptosis-driven and TRPM2-dependent mechanism. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3357. [PMID: 29463868 PMCID: PMC5820326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of CD38 in a pristane-induced murine model of lupus. CD38-deficient (Cd38-/-) but not ART2-deficient (Art2-/-) mice developed less severe lupus compared to wild type (WT) mice, and their protective phenotype consisted of (i) decreased IFN-I-stimulated gene expression, (ii) decreased numbers of peritoneal CCR2hiLy6Chi inflammatory monocytes, TNF-α-producing Ly6G+ neutrophils and Ly6Clo monocytes/macrophages, (iii) decreased production of anti-single-stranded DNA and anti-nRNP autoantibodies, and (iv) ameliorated glomerulonephritis. Cd38-/- pristane-elicited peritoneal exudate cells had defective CCL2 and TNF-α secretion following TLR7 stimulation. However, Tnf-α and Cxcl12 gene expression in Cd38-/- bone marrow (BM) cells was intact, suggesting a CD38-independent TLR7/TNF-α/CXCL12 axis in the BM. Chemotactic responses of Cd38-/- Ly6Chi monocytes and Ly6G+ neutrophils were not impaired. However, Cd38-/- Ly6Chi monocytes and Ly6Clo monocytes/macrophages had defective apoptosis-mediated cell death. Importantly, mice lacking the cation channel TRPM2 (Trpm2-/-) exhibited very similar protection, with decreased numbers of PECs, and apoptotic Ly6Chi monocytes and Ly6Clo monocytes/macrophages compared to WT mice. These findings reveal a new role for CD38 in promoting aberrant inflammation and lupus-like autoimmunity via an apoptosis-driven mechanism. Furthermore, given the implications of CD38 in the activation of TRPM2, our data suggest that CD38 modulation of pristane-induced apoptosis is TRPM2-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Davide Botta
- Department of Microbiology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Luz M Cumba Garcia
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain
- Immunology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Daniela Cerezo-Wallis
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain
- Melanoma Group, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicola Lo Buono
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain
- Laboratory of Immune-mediated Diseases, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Corbí
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Infection Biology, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Nephrology, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Eppendorf-Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramón Merino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Signalling, IBBTEC-CSIC-UC, Santander, Spain
| | - Mercedes Zubiaur
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Frances E Lund
- Department of Microbiology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jaime Sancho
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Granada, Spain.
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17
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Busija AR, Patel HH, Insel PA. Caveolins and cavins in the trafficking, maturation, and degradation of caveolae: implications for cell physiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C459-C477. [PMID: 28122734 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Caveolins (Cavs) are ~20 kDa scaffolding proteins that assemble as oligomeric complexes in lipid raft domains to form caveolae, flask-shaped plasma membrane (PM) invaginations. Caveolae ("little caves") require lipid-lipid, protein-lipid, and protein-protein interactions that can modulate the localization, conformational stability, ligand affinity, effector specificity, and other functions of proteins that are partners of Cavs. Cavs are assembled into small oligomers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), transported to the Golgi for assembly with cholesterol and other oligomers, and then exported to the PM as an intact coat complex. At the PM, cavins, ~50 kDa adapter proteins, oligomerize into an outer coat complex that remodels the membrane into caveolae. The structure of caveolae protects their contents (i.e., lipids and proteins) from degradation. Cellular changes, including signal transduction effects, can destabilize caveolae and produce cavin dissociation, restructuring of Cav oligomers, ubiquitination, internalization, and degradation. In this review, we provide a perspective of the life cycle (biogenesis, degradation), composition, and physiologic roles of Cavs and caveolae and identify unanswered questions regarding the roles of Cavs and cavins in caveolae and in regulating cell physiology.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Busija
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Paul A Insel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and .,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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18
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Bhattacharya S, McElhanon KE, Gushchina LV, Weisleder N. Role of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase signaling in vesicular trafficking. Life Sci 2016; 167:39-45. [PMID: 27760304 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are regulatory enzymes involved in the generation of lipid species that modulate cellular signaling pathways through downstream effectors to influence a variety of cellular functions. Years of intensive study of PI3Ks have produced a significant body of literature in many areas, including that PI3K can mediate intracellular vesicular trafficking and through these actions contribute to a number of important physiological functions. This review focuses on the crucial roles that PI3K and AKT, a major downstream partner of PI3K, play in the regulation of vesicle trafficking during various forms of vesicular endocytosis and exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayak Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States
| | - Kevin E McElhanon
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States
| | - Liubov V Gushchina
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States.
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19
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Wang Z, Wang N, Liu P, Peng F, Tang H, Chen Q, Xu R, Dai Y, Lin Y, Xie X, Peng C, Situ H. Caveolin-1, a stress-related oncotarget, in drug resistance. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37135-50. [PMID: 26431273 PMCID: PMC4741920 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is both a tumor suppressor and an oncoprotein. Cav-1 overexpression was frequently confirmed in advanced cancer stages and positively associated with ABC transporters, cancer stem cell populations, aerobic glycolysis activity and autophagy. Cav-1 was tied to various stresses including radiotherapy, fluid shear and oxidative stresses and ultraviolet exposure, and interacted with stress signals such as AMP-activated protein kinase. Finally, a Cav-1 fluctuation model during cancer development is provided and Cav-1 is suggested to be a stress signal and cytoprotective. Loss of Cav-1 may increase susceptibility to oncogenic events. However, research to explore the underlying molecular network between Cav-1 and stress signals is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Univeristy Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengxi Liu
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Univeristy Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianjun Chen
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Univeristy Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Situ
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Joglekar M, Elbezanti WO, Weitzman MD, Lehman HL, van Golen KL. Caveolin-1 mediates inflammatory breast cancer cell invasion via the Akt1 pathway and RhoC GTPase. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:923-33. [PMID: 25559359 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
With a propensity to invade the dermal lymphatic vessels of the skin overlying the breast and readily metastasize, inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is arguably the deadliest form of breast cancer. We previously reported that caveolin-1 is overexpressed in IBC and that RhoC GTPase is a metastatic switch responsible for the invasive phenotype. RhoC-driven invasion requires phosphorylation by Akt1. Using a reliable IBC cell line we set out to determine if caveolin-1 expression affects RhoC-mediated IBC invasion. Caveolin-1 was down regulated by introduction of siRNA or a caveolin scaffolding domain. The ability of the cells to invade was tested and the status of Akt1 and RhoC GTPase examined. IBC cell invasion is significantly decreased when caveolin-1 is down regulated. Activation of Akt1 is decreased when caveolin-1 is down regulated, leading to decreased phosphorylation of RhoC GTPase. Thus, we report here that caveolin-1 overexpression mediates IBC cell invasion through activation Akt1, which phosphorylates RhoC GTPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Joglekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Translational Cancer Research, The University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware; The Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, Delaware
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Park B, Je YT, Chun KH. Akt is translocated to the mitochondria during etoposide-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7577-81. [PMID: 26458825 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt, or protein kinase B, is a key serine-threonine kinase, which exerts anti-apoptotic effects and promotes cell proliferation in response to various stimuli. Recently, however, it was demonstrated that Akt exhibits a proapoptotic role in certain contexts. During etoposide‑induced apoptosis of HeLa cells, Akt enhances the interaction of second mitochondria‑derived activator of caspases/direct IAP binding protein with low pI (Smac/DIABLO) and X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein by phosphorylating Smac at serine 67, and thus promotes apoptosis. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying Akt regulation in etoposide‑mediated apoptosis remain to be determined. The present study investigated whether etoposide triggers the translocation of Akt into the mitochondria. It was found that Akt activity was increased and sustained during apoptosis triggered by etoposide in HeLa cells. During apoptosis, Akt was translocated from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria in a phosphoinositide 3‑kinase-dependent manner at the early and late stages of apoptosis. Concomitantly, the depletion of Akt in the nuclear fraction was observed after etoposide treatment from analysis of confocal microscopy. The results suggest that etoposide‑stimulated Akt is translocated into the mitochondria, thereby possibly enhancing its interaction with Smac and promoting apoptosis in HeLa cells. These results indicate that Akt may be a promising candidate for a pro-apoptotic approach in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungduck Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Je
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hoon Chun
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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22
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Baicalein inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis via the caveolin-1/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:111-9. [PMID: 25957503 PMCID: PMC4502300 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2429-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is lethal type of genitourinary cancer due to its high morbidity and gradual resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Accumulating evidence has recently suggested that the daily intake of flavonoids is negatively correlated with the risk of cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of baicalein on androgen-independent PCa cells and the underlying mechanisms through which baicalein exerts its actions. Cell viability and flow cytometric apoptosis assays indicated that baicalein potently suppressed the growth and induced the apoptosis of DU145 and PC-3 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Consistently, the inhibitory effects of baicalein on migration and invasion were also observed in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that baicalein can suppress caveolin-1 and the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibition of the activation of AKT with LY294002 significantly promoted the apoptosis and metastasis induced by baicalein. In conclusion, these findings suggested that baicalein can induce apoptosis and inhibit metastasis of androgen-independent PCa cells through inhibition of the caveolin-1/AKT/mTOR pathway, which implies that baicalein may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer patients.
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23
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Wehinger S, Ortiz R, Díaz MI, Aguirre A, Valenzuela M, Llanos P, Mc Master C, Leyton L, Quest AFG. Phosphorylation of caveolin-1 on tyrosine-14 induced by ROS enhances palmitate-induced death of beta-pancreatic cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:693-708. [PMID: 25572853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A considerable body of evidence exists implicating high levels of free saturated fatty acids in beta pancreatic cell death, although the molecular mechanisms and the signaling pathways involved have not been clearly defined. The membrane protein caveolin-1 has long been implicated in cell death, either by sensitizing to or directly inducing apoptosis and it is normally expressed in beta cells. Here, we tested whether the presence of caveolin-1 modulates free fatty acid-induced beta cell death by reexpressing this protein in MIN6 murine beta cells lacking caveolin-1. Incubation of MIN6 with palmitate, but not oleate, induced apoptotic cell death that was enhanced by the presence of caveolin-1. Moreover, palmitate induced de novo ceramide synthesis, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in MIN6 cells. ROS generation promoted caveolin-1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 that was abrogated by the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine or the incubation with the Src-family kinase inhibitor, PP2 (4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7(dimethylethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine). The expression of a non-phosphorylatable caveolin-1 tyrosine-14 to phenylalanine mutant failed to enhance palmitate-induced apoptosis while for MIN6 cells expressing the phospho-mimetic tyrosine-14 to glutamic acid mutant caveolin-1 palmitate sensitivity was comparable to that observed for MIN6 cells expressing wild type caveolin-1. Thus, caveolin-1 expression promotes palmitate-induced ROS-dependent apoptosis in MIN6 cells in a manner requiring Src family kinase mediated tyrosine-14 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Wehinger
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Research Program of Interdisciplinary Excellence in Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Universidad de Talca, 3465548 Talca, Chile
| | - Rina Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - María Inés Díaz
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Adam Aguirre
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Manuel Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Paola Llanos
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher Mc Master
- Departament of Pediatrics, Atlantic Research Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Atlantic Research Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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Mohammad N, Malvi P, Meena AS, Singh SV, Chaube B, Vannuruswamy G, Kulkarni MJ, Bhat MK. Cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin augments tamoxifen induced cell death by enhancing its uptake in melanoma. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:204. [PMID: 25178635 PMCID: PMC4175626 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite modern advances in treatment, skin cancer is still one of the most common causes of death in the western countries. Chemotherapy plays an important role in melanoma management. Tamoxifen has been used either alone or in- combination with other chemotherapeutic agents to treat melanoma. However, response rate of tamoxifen as a single agent has been comparatively low. In the present study, we investigated whether treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD), a cholesterol depleting agent, increases the efficacy of tamoxifen in melanoma cells. METHODS This was a two-part study that incorporated in vitro effects of tamoxifen and MCD combination by analyzing cell survival, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis and in vivo antitumor efficacy on tumor isografts in C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS MCD potentiated tamoxifen induced anticancer effects by causing cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Sensitization to tamoxifen was associated with down regulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, up-regulation of proapoptotic protein Bax, reduced caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and decreased pAkt/pERK levels. Co-administration of tamoxifen and MCD caused significant reduction in tumor volume and tumor weight in mice due to enhancement of drug uptake in the tumor. Supplementation with cholesterol abrogated combined effect of tamoxifen and MCD. CONCLUSION Our results emphasize a potential synergistic effect of tamoxifen with MCD, and therefore, may provide a unique therapeutic window for improvement in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manoj Kumar Bhat
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
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Rollano Peñaloza OM, Lewandowska M, Stetefeld J, Ossysek K, Madej M, Bereta J, Sobczak M, Shojaei S, Ghavami S, Łos MJ. Apoptins: selective anticancer agents. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:519-28. [PMID: 25164066 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Therapies that selectively target cancer cells for death have been the center of intense research recently. One potential therapy may involve apoptin proteins, which are able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells leaving normal cells unharmed. Apoptin was originally discovered in the Chicken anemia virus (CAV); however, human gyroviruses (HGyV) have recently been found that also harbor apoptin-like proteins. Although the cancer cell specific activity of these apoptins appears to be well conserved, the precise functions and mechanisms of action are yet to be fully elucidated. Strategies for both delivering apoptin to treat tumors and disseminating the protein inside the tumor body are now being developed, and have shown promise in preclinical animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M Rollano Peñaloza
- Department Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, and Integrative Regenerative Medical Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - Joerg Stetefeld
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Karolina Ossysek
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Madej
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Bereta
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sobczak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Recombinant Protein Laboratory, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health Policy Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marek J Łos
- Department Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, and Integrative Regenerative Medical Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Chen KC, Yang TY, Wu CC, Cheng CC, Hsu SL, Hung HW, Chen JW, Chang GC. Pemetrexed induces S-phase arrest and apoptosis via a deregulated activation of Akt signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97888. [PMID: 24847863 PMCID: PMC4029963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemetrexed is approved for first-line and maintenance treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The protein kinase Akt/protein kinase B is a well-known regulator of cell survival which is activated by pemetrexed, but its role in pemetrexed-mediated cell death and its molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study showed that stimulation with pemetrexed induced S-phase arrest and cell apoptosis and a parallel increase in sustained Akt phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation in the NSCLC A549 cell line. Inhibition of Akt expression by Akt specific siRNA blocked S-phase arrest and protected cells from apoptosis, indicating an unexpected proapoptotic role of Akt in the pemetrexed-mediated toxicity. Treatment of A549 cells with pharmacological inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), wortmannin and Ly294002, similarly inhibited pemetrexed-induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis and Akt phosphorylation, indicating that PI3K is an upstream mediator of Akt and is involved in pemetrexed-mediated cell death. Previously, we identified cyclin A-associated cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) as the principal kinase that was required for pemetrexed-induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis. The current study showed that inhibition of Akt function and expression by pharmacological inhibitors as well as Akt siRNA drastically inhibited cyclin A/Cdk2 activation. These pemetrexed-mediated biological and molecular events were also observed in a H1299 cell line. Overall, our results indicate that, in contrast to its normal prosurvival role, the activated Akt plays a proapoptotic role in pemetrexed-mediated S-phase arrest and cell death through a mechanism that involves Cdk2/cyclin A activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Chi Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Chih Cheng
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Wen Hung
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JWC); (GCC)
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JWC); (GCC)
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Liu Q, Qiu J, Liang M, Golinski J, van Leyen K, Jung JE, You Z, Lo EH, Degterev A, Whalen MJ. Akt and mTOR mediate programmed necrosis in neurons. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1084. [PMID: 24577082 PMCID: PMC3944276 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a newly described form of regulated necrosis that contributes to neuronal death in experimental models of stroke and brain trauma. Although much work has been done elucidating initiating mechanisms, signaling events governing necroptosis remain largely unexplored. Akt is known to inhibit apoptotic neuronal cell death. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a downstream effector of Akt that controls protein synthesis. We previously reported that dual inhibition of Akt and mTOR reduced acute cell death and improved long term cognitive deficits after controlled-cortical impact in mice. These findings raised the possibility that Akt/mTOR might regulate necroptosis. To test this hypothesis, we induced necroptosis in the hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 using concomitant treatment with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and the pan-caspase inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone. TNFα/zVAD treatment induced cell death within 4 h. Cell death was preceded by RIPK1–RIPK3–pAkt assembly, and phosphorylation of Thr-308 and Thr473 of AKT and its direct substrate glycogen synthase kinase-3β, as well as mTOR and its direct substrate S6 ribosomal protein (S6), suggesting activation of Akt/mTOR pathways. Pretreatment with Akt inhibitor viii and rapamycin inhibited Akt and S6 phosphorylation events, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and necroptosis by over 50% without affecting RIPK1–RIPK3 complex assembly. These data were confirmed using small inhibitory ribonucleic acid-mediated knockdown of AKT1/2 and mTOR. All of the aforementioned biochemical events were inhibited by necrostatin-1, including Akt and mTOR phosphorylation, generation of oxidative stress, and RIPK1–RIPK3–pAkt complex assembly. The data suggest a novel, heretofore unexpected role for Akt and mTOR downstream of RIPK1 activation in neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- 1] Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [3] Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Qiu
- 1] Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - M Liang
- 1] Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [3] Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Golinski
- 1] Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - K van Leyen
- 1] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - J E Jung
- 1] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Z You
- Department of Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E H Lo
- 1] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - A Degterev
- Department of Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M J Whalen
- 1] Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA [2] Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Zhan Y, Wang L, Liu J, Ma K, Liu C, Zhang Y, Zou W. Choline plasmalogens isolated from swine liver inhibit hepatoma cell proliferation associated with caveolin-1/Akt signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77387. [PMID: 24143228 PMCID: PMC3797038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens play multiple roles in the structures of biological membranes, cell membrane lipid homeostasis and human diseases. We report the isolation and identification of choline plasmalogens (ChoPlas) from swine liver by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/MS. The growth and viability of hepatoma cells (CBRH7919, HepG2 and SMMC7721) was determined following ChoPlas treatment comparing with that of human normal immortal cell lines (HL7702). Result indicated that ChoPlas inhibited hepatoma cell proliferation with an optimal concentration and time of 25 μmol/L and 24 h. To better understand the mechanism of the ChoPlas-induced inhibition of hepatoma cell proliferation, Caveolin-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway signals, including total Akt, phospho-Akt(pAkt) and Bcl-2 expression in CBRH7919 cells, were determined by western blot. ChoPlas treatment increased Caveolin-1 expression and reduced the expression of phospho-Akt (pAkt) and Bcl-2, downstream targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Further cell cycle analysis showed that ChoPlas treatment induced G1 and G1/S phase transition cell cycle arrest. The expression of essential cell cycle regulatory proteins involved in the G1 and G1/S phase transitions, cyclin D, CDK4, cyclin E and CDK2, were also analyzed by western blot. ChoPlas reduced CDK4, cyclin E and CDK2 expression. Taken together, the results indicate that swine liver-derived natural ChoPlas inhibits hepatoma cell proliferation associated with Caveolin-1 and PI3K/Akt signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhan
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Keli Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology, the Ministration of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Motoshige H, Oyama K, Takahashi K, Sakurai K. Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in gemcitabine-induced apoptosis-like cell death in insulinoma cell line INS-1. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 35:1932-40. [PMID: 23123465 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in the insulinoma cell line INS-1. Gemcitabine inhibited INS-1 cell proliferation and maintained consistent cell number for 24 h, and then caused apoptosis within 48 h of incubation. Since gemcitabine activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt pathway, which is involved in the resistance of pancreatic exocrine cancer to gemcitabine, we investigated the participation of this pathway in gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in INS-1 cells. LY294002 and wortmannin, two PI3-K inhibitors, significantly prevented gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in INS-1 cells, indicating that the PI3-K/Akt pathway is involved in gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity. Gemcitabine-induced Akt phosphorylation in INS-1 cells was prevented by LY294002. Although gemcitabine induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 and early S phases, LY294002 did not inhibit the cell cycle. These data suggest that PI3-K activation does not influence gemcitabine-induced cell cycle arrest. In gemcitabine-treated cells, nuclear fragmentation and DNA ladder formation were observed. These findings suggest that gemcitabine induced apoptotic cell death in INS-1 cells through the activation of the PI3-K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Motoshige
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Life Science, School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University, 7–1 Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru, Hokkaido 047–0264, Japan
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Kappeler KV, Zhang J, Dinh TN, Strom JG, Chen QM. Histone deacetylase 6 associates with ribosomes and regulates de novo protein translation during arsenite stress. Toxicol Sci 2012; 127:246-55. [PMID: 22367689 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is known as a cytoplasmic enzyme that regulates cell migration, cell adhesion, and degradation of misfolded proteins by deacetylating substrates such as α-tubulin and Hsp90. When HaCaT keratinocytes were exposed to 1-200μM sodium arsenite, we observed perinuclear localization of HDAC6 within 30 min. Although the overall level of HDAC6 protein did not change, sodium arsenite caused an increase of HDAC6 in ribosomal fractions. Separation of ribosomal subunits versus intact ribosomes or polysomes indicated that HDAC6 was mainly detected in 40/43S fractions containing the small ribosomal subunit in untreated cells but was associated with 40/43S and 60/80S ribosomal fractions in arsenite-treated cells. Immunocytochemistry studies revealed that arsenite caused colocalization of HDAC6 with the ribosomal large and small subunit protein L36a and S6. Both L36a and S6 were detected in the immunocomplex of HDAC6 isolated from arsenite-treated cells. The observed physical interaction of HDAC6 with ribosomes pointed to a role of HDAC6 in stress-induced protein translation. Among arsenite stress-induced proteins, de novo Nrf2 protein translation was inhibited by Tubastatin A. These data demonstrate that HDAC6 was recruited to ribosomes, physically interacted with ribosomal proteins, and regulated de novo protein translation in keratinocytes responding to arsenite stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V Kappeler
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
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Surgucheva I, Surguchov A. Expression of caveolin in trabecular meshwork cells and its possible implication in pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma. Mol Vis 2011; 17:2878-88. [PMID: 22128235 PMCID: PMC3225292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), which is the most common form of glaucoma, has been associated with a heterogeneous genetic component. A genome-wide association study has identified a common sequence variant at 7q31 (rs4236601 [A]) near the caveolin genes in patients with POAG. Caveolins are a family of integral membrane proteins which participate in many cellular processes, including vesicular transport, cholesterol homeostasis, signal transduction, cell adhesion and migration. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression and regulation of caveolin 1 (CAV-1) and caveolin 2 (CAV-2) in normal and glaucoma trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS CAV-1 and CAV-2 protein expression was quantified by immunoblot analysis using lysates isolated from primary and immortalized TM cells or TM tissue dissected from normal and POAG eyes. The localization of caveolins in TM cells was assessed by immunofluorescent microscopy. CAV-1 and CAV-2 protein expression was also investigated in TM cells at various time points after subjecting the cells to known glaucomatous insults like dexamethasone (DEX) and tumor growth factor beta2 (TGF-β2) treatment. Phosphorylation of CAV-1 at tyrosine 14 in normal and glaucoma TM cell lines was evaluated using a specific monoclonal antibody (Ab). The 5' upstream region of the CAV-1 gene was amplified and the sequence variant rs4236601 (A/G polymorphic site) and several putative transcription factor-binding sites were modified by in vitro mutagenesis. The effect of nucleotide sequence modifications in the CAV-1 upstream region on gene expression was assayed in a luciferase-based system in TM and non-TM cells. RESULTS CAV-1 and CAV-2 are expressed in TM cells, with localization to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region. DEX increased CAV-1 expression in immortalized glaucoma TM cells by 2.8±0.1 (n=3) fold at 24 h and 2.5±0.1 (n=3) fold at 48 h, compared to 1.3±0.06 (n=3) fold at 24 and 48 h in immortalized normal TM cells. Phosphorylation of CAV-1 at Tyr14 was reduced by 3.2±0.15 (n=3) fold in glaucomatous TM cells when compared to normal TM cells. In POAG and normal TM tissue, CAV-1 expression was found to be uniform. CAV-2, on the other hand, was variable in independent normal and glaucoma TM tissue. Substitution of a G for an A at base pair -2,388 upstream of the start codon of CAV-1, corresponding to the minor allele rs4236601 [A], increased transcriptional activity in TM and non-TM cells when compared to the native sequence. Deletion analysis of putative transcription factor binding sites in the CAV-1 promoter region caused cell-specific effects on gene expression. CONCLUSIONS CAV-1 and CAV-2 are expressed in normal and glaucoma tissue and TM cell lines. Phosphorylation of Tyr14 in CAV-1 and transcriptional regulation of CAV-1 expression may have a role in glaucomatous alterations in TM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Surgucheva
- Laboratory of Retinal Biology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Kansas City, MO,Department of Neurology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Andrei Surguchov
- Laboratory of Retinal Biology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Kansas City, MO,Department of Neurology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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De Salvo M, Maresca G, D'agnano I, Marchese R, Stigliano A, Gagliassi R, Brunetti E, Raza GH, De Paula U, Bucci B. Temozolomide induced c-Myc-mediated apoptosis via Akt signalling in MGMT expressing glioblastoma cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:518-33. [PMID: 21405945 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.556173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effect of Temozolomide (TMZ) in both O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyl transferase (MGMT) depleted as well as undepleted glioblastoma cell lines. Since TMZ is used in clinics in combination with radiotherapy, we also studied the effects of TMZ in combination with ionising radiation (IR). METHODS Cell colony-forming ability was measured using a clonogenic assay. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were evaluated by Flow Cytometry (FCM). Proteins involved in cell cycle control were detected by Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Our data showed that TMZ, independent of MGMT expression, inhibited glioblastoma cell growth via an irreversible G(2) block in MGMT depleted cells or the induction of apoptosis in MGMT normal expressing cells. When TMZ was administered in combination with IR, apoptosis was greater than observed with either agent separately. This TMZ-induced apoptosis in the MGMT expressing cells occurred through Akt/Glycogen-Synthase-Kinase-3ß (GSK3ß) signalling and was mediated by Myelocytomatosis (c-Myc) oncoprotein. Indeed, TMZ phosphorylated/activated Akt led to phosphorylation/inactivation of GSK3ß which resulted in the stabilisation of c-Myc protein and subsequent modulation of the c-Myc target genes involved in the apoptotic processes. CONCLUSION C-Myc expression could be considered a good indicator of TMZ effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Salvo
- Centro Ricerca S. Pietro, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Via Cassia 600, Rome, Italy
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Jin Y, Lee SJ, Minshall RD, Choi AMK. Caveolin-1: a critical regulator of lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 300:L151-60. [PMID: 21097526 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00170.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (cav-1), a 22-kDa transmembrane scaffolding protein, is the principal structural component of caveolae. Cav-1 regulates critical cell functions including proliferation, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and transcytosis via diverse signaling pathways. Abundant in almost every cell type in the lung, including type I epithelial cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils, cav-1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). ALI and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in intensive care units, despite improvement in ventilation strategies. The pathogenesis of ARDS is still poorly understood, and therapeutic options remain limited. In this article, we summarize recent data regarding the regulation and function of cav-1 in lung biology and pathology, in particular as it relates to ALI. We further discuss the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms by which cav-1 expression contributes to ALI. Investigating the cellular functions of cav-1 may provide new insights for understanding the pathogenesis of ALI and provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Park JH, Han HJ. Caveolin-1 plays important role in EGF-induced migration and proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells: involvement of PI3K/Akt and ERK. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 297:C935-44. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00121.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of caveolin-1 in the regulation of embryonic stem (ES) cell growth by epidermal growth factor (EGF) is by no means clear cut. Thus we examined the relationship between EGF and caveolin-1 in mouse ES cell migration and proliferation. The results revealed that EGF increased Src, caveolin-1, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK) phosphorylation levels. Especially, phosphorylation of caveolin-1 is attenuated by AG1478, herbimycin A (tyrosine kinase inhibitors), and pyrazolopyrimidine 2 (PP2, Src inhibitor) and EGF-induced ERK activation was blocked by PP2, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), caveolin-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), LY-294002 [phosphoinositol-3 kinase inhibitor (PI3K)], and Akt inhibitor. In addition, EGF promoted the cell migration, which was attenuated by PP2, caveolin-1 siRNA, FAK siRNA, LY-294002, Akt inhibitor, and PD-98059. EGF also increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) expression levels and EGF-induced MMP2 expression was inhibited by caveolin-1 siRNA, FAK siRNA, LY-294002, Akt inhibitor, and PD-98059. Furthermore, EGF-induced increase of cell cycle proteins expression level and [3H]thymidine incorporation was blocked by MMP inhibitor. EGF also significantly increases [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell number, which were significantly blocked by AG 1478, PP2, MβCD, caveolin-1 siRNA, FAK siRNA, LY-294002, and PD-98059 (ERK inhibitor). EGF-induced increase of protooncogenes (c- fos, c- myc, and c- Jun) and cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, and CDK2) expression levels were also attenuated by caveolin-1 siRNA and FAK siRNA. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that EGF-induced DNA synthesis and cell migration are mediated by caveolin-1, which is activated by Src, FAK, PI3K/Akt, ERK, and MMP-2 signals in mouse ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center (BK21), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center (BK21), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Chanvorachote P, Nimmannit U, Lu Y, Talbott S, Jiang BH, Rojanasakul Y. Nitric oxide regulates lung carcinoma cell anoikis through inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of caveolin-1. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:28476-28484. [PMID: 19706615 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.050864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoikis, a detachment-induced apoptosis, is a principal mechanism of inhibition of tumor cell metastasis. Tumor cells can acquire anoikis resistance which is frequently observed in metastatic lung cancer. This phenomenon becomes an important obstacle of efficient cancer therapy. Recently, signaling mediators such as caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and nitric oxide (NO) have garnered attention in metastasis research; however, their role and the underlying mechanisms of metastasis regulation are largely unknown. Using human lung carcinoma H460 cells, we show that NO impairs the apoptotic function of the cells after detachment. The NO donors sodium nitroprusside and diethylenetriamine NONOate inhibit detachment-induced apoptosis, whereas the NO inhibitors aminoguanidine and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl) tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide promote this effect. Resistance to anoikis in H460 cells is mediated by Cav-1, which is significantly down-regulated after cell detachment through a non-transcriptional mechanism involving ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. NO inhibits this down-regulation by interfering with Cav-1 ubiquitination through a process that involves protein S-nitrosylation, which prevents its proteasomal degradation and induction of anoikis by cell detachment. These findings indicate a novel pathway for NO regulation of Cav-1, which could be a key mechanism of anoikis resistance in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Ubonthip Nimmannit
- Pharmaceutical Technology (International) Program, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yongju Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506
| | - Siera Talbott
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506.
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Apoptin, a tumor-selective killer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2009; 1793:1335-42. [PMID: 19374922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 04/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Apoptin, a small protein from chicken anemia virus, has attracted great attention, because it specifically kills tumor cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. The subcellular localization of apoptin appears to be crucial for this tumor-selective activity. In normal cells, apoptin resides in the cytoplasm, whereas in cancerous cells it translocates into the nucleus. The nuclear translocation of apoptin is largely controlled by its phosphorylation. In tumor cells, apoptin causes the nuclear accumulation of survival kinases including Akt and is phosphorylated by CDK2. Thereby, apoptin redirects survival signals into cell death responses. Apoptin also binds as a multimeric complex to DNA and interacts with several nuclear targets, such as the anaphase-promoting complex, resulting in a G2/M phase arrest. The proapoptotic signal of apoptin is then transduced from the nucleus to cytoplasm by Nur77, which triggers a p53-independent mitochondrial death pathway. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries of apoptin's mechanism of action that might provide intriguing insights for the development of novel tumor-selective anticancer drugs.
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Kim MJ, Choi SY, Park IC, Hwang SG, Kim C, Choi YH, Kim H, Lee KH, Lee SJ. Opposing roles of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the cellular response to ionizing radiation in human cervical cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 6:1718-31. [PMID: 19010820 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of cells to ionizing radiation induces activation of multiple signaling pathways that play critical roles in determining cell fate. However, the molecular basis for cell death or survival signaling in response to radiation is unclear at present. Here, we show opposing roles of the c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in the mitochondrial cell death in response to ionizing radiation in human cervical cancer cells. Ionizing radiation triggered Bax and Bak activation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, and subsequent mitochondrial cell death. Inhibition of JNK completely suppressed radiation-induced Bax and Bak activation and Bcl-2 down-regulation. Dominant-negative forms of stress-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1 (SEK-1)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-4 (MKK-4) inhibited JNK activation. Radiation also induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation. Interestingly, inhibition of PI3K effectively attenuated radiation-induced mitochondrial cell death and increased clonogenic survival. Inhibition of PI3K also suppressed SEK-1/MKK-4 and JNK activation, Bax and Bak activation, and Bcl-2 down-regulation. In contrast, inhibition of p38 MAPK led to enhanced Bax and Bak activation and mitochondrial cell death. RacN17, a dominant-negative form of Rac1, inhibited p38 MAPK activation and increased Bax and Bak activation. Exposure of cells to radiation also induced selective activation of c-Src among Src family kinases. Inhibition of c-Src by pretreatment with Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 or small interfering RNA targeting of c-Src attenuated radiation-induced p38 MAPK and Rac1 activation and enhanced Bax and Bak activation and cell death. Our results support the notion that the PI3K-SEK-1/MKK-4-JNK pathway is required for the mitochondrial cell death in response to radiation, whereas the c-Src-Rac1-p38 MAPK pathway plays a cytoprotective role against mitochondrial cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Maddika S, Panigrahi S, Wiechec E, Wesselborg S, Fischer U, Schulze-Osthoff K, Los M. Unscheduled Akt-triggered activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 as a key effector mechanism of apoptin's anticancer toxicity. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:1235-48. [PMID: 19103742 PMCID: PMC2643822 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00668-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Revised: 06/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptin, a protein from the chicken anemia virus, has attracted attention because it specifically kills tumor cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. The reason for this tumor selectivity is unclear and depends on subcellular localization, as apoptin resides in the cytoplasm of normal cells but in the nuclei of transformed cells. It was shown that nuclear localization and tumor-specific killing crucially require apoptin's phosphorylation by an as yet unknown kinase. Here we elucidate the pathway of apoptin-induced apoptosis and show that it essentially depends on abnormal phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/Akt activation, resulting in the activation of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2. Inhibitors as well as dominant-negative mutants of PI3-kinase and Akt not only inhibited CDK2 activation but also protected cells from apoptin-induced cell death. Akt activated CDK2 by direct phosphorylation as well as by the phosphorylation-induced degradation of the inhibitor p27(Kip1). Importantly, we also identified CDK2 as the principal kinase that phosphorylates apoptin and is crucially required for apoptin-induced cell death. Immortalized CDK2-deficient fibroblasts and CDK2 knockdown cells were markedly protected against apoptin. Thus, our results not only decipher the pathway of apoptin-induced cell death but also provide mechanistic insights for the selective killing of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbareddy Maddika
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
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Matthews LC, Taggart MJ, Westwood M. Modulation of caveolin-1 expression can affect signalling through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway and cellular proliferation in response to insulin-like growth factor I. Endocrinology 2008; 149:5199-208. [PMID: 18583416 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The IGFs mediate their effects on cell function through the type I IGF receptor and numerous intracellular signalling molecules, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K)/Akt pathway. The type I IGF receptor also binds to the caveolae protein caveolin-1, but the impact of caveolae on IGF/PI-3K/Akt signalling remains controversial. We have examined the effect of complete (knockout) and partial (knockdown) caveolin-1 deficiency on cellular IGF effects mediated via the PI-3K/Akt pathway. Under basal conditions, caveolin-1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cells [MF(-/-)] incorporated significantly more [3H]thymidine than wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblast cells [MF(+/+)]; however, small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of caveolin-1 (80% reduction) in 3T3L1 fibroblasts had no effect on basal proliferation. Interestingly, IGF-I induced proliferation was similar in MF(-/-) and MF(+/+) cells, whereas caveolin-1 knockdown promoted a hyperproliferative response to IGF-I [pkDCav3T3L1(80) 12.4+/-0.4-fold; pkDShuffle3T3L1 4.3+/-0.2-fold induction; P<0.01]. Immunoblot analysis showed that caveolin-1 knockdown had no affect on Akt expression or activation. However, in MF(-/-) cells, IGF-I-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt was reduced despite up-regulated Akt levels. Further investigation demonstrated that caveolin knockout up-regulated Akt-2 and Akt-3 isoform expression, but Akt-1 expression was down-regulated; interestingly, coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed Akt-1 as the predominant isoform to be phosphorylated in response to IGF-I. In summary, caveolin-1 deficiency promotes a hyperproliferative response to IGF-I that is unrelated to Akt expression/activation. However, cells that lack caveolin are able to respond appropriately to IGF-I through compensatory changes in Akt isoform expression. These data posit caveolin-1 as a component of the IGF/PI-3K/Akt signalling modulus regulating cellular proliferation with implications for diseases, including cancers, which have altered caveolin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Matthews
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Group, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Hathersage Road, Manchester M13 0JH, United Kingdom
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41
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Maddika S, Ande SR, Wiechec E, Hansen LL, Wesselborg S, Los M. Akt-mediated phosphorylation of CDK2 regulates its dual role in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:979-88. [PMID: 18354084 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.009530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that CDK2, an S-phase cyclin-dependent kinase, is a novel target for Akt during cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Akt phosphorylates CDK2 at threonine 39 residue both in vitro and in vivo. Although CDK2 threonine 39 phosphorylation mediated by Akt enhances cyclin-A binding, it is dispensable for its basal binding and the kinase activity. In addition, for the first time, we report a transient nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of Akt during specific stages of the cell cycle, in particular during the late S and G2 phases. The Akt that is re-localized to the nucleus phosphorylates CDK2 and causes the temporary cytoplasmic localization of the CDK2-cyclin-A complex. The CDK2 cytoplasmic redistribution is required for cell progression from S to G2-M phase, because the CDK2 T39A mutant, which lacks the phosphorylation site and is defective in cytoplasmic localization, severely affects cell cycle progression at the transition from S to G2-M. Interestingly, we also show that the Akt/CDK2 pathway is constitutively activated by some anticancer drugs, such as methotrexate and docetaxel, and under these conditions it promotes, rather than represses, cell death. Thus, the constitutive activation of the Akt/CDK2 pathway and changed subcellular localization promotes apoptosis. By contrast, the transient, physiological Akt/CDK2 activation is necessary for cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbareddy Maddika
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0V9, Canada
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42
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Caveolin 1 and Caveolin 2 are associated with breast cancer basal-like and triple-negative immunophenotype. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:327-34. [PMID: 18612310 PMCID: PMC2480981 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) and caveolin 2 (CAV2) are the principal structural proteins of caveolae, sphingolipid and cholesterol-rich invaginations of the plasma membrane involved in vesicular trafficking and signal transduction. Over the recent years there has been controversy about their role in breast cancer and their suitability as markers of basal-like phenotype. Caveolin-1 and CAV2 protein expression was assessed on a tissue microarray containing 880 unselected invasive breast cancer cases, by means of immunohistochemistry. Caveolin-1 and CAV2 expression was observed in 13.4 and 5.9% of all breast cancer, respectively. Their expression was strongly associated with high histological grade, lack of steroid hormone receptor positivity (ER and PR), and expression of basal markers (basal cytokeratins, P63, P-cadherin). Furthermore, there was a significant association between CAV1 and CAV2 expression and basal-like phenotype. On univariate analysis only CAV2 had a prognostic impact on breast cancer-specific survival; however, this was not independent from other traditional markers on multivariate analysis. Our results demonstrate that both CAV1 and CAV2 are associated with basal-like phenotype. Further studies are warranted to determine whether they play an oncogenic role in basal-like/triple-negative breast cancer development or are just surrogate markers for this subgroup.
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43
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Yoon K, Jung EJ, Lee SY. TRAF6-mediated regulation of the PI3 kinase (PI3K)–Akt–GSK3β cascade is required for TNF-induced cell survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 371:118-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Goetz JG, Lajoie P, Wiseman SM, Nabi IR. Caveolin-1 in tumor progression: the good, the bad and the ugly. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2008; 27:715-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-008-9160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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45
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Abstract
PURPOSE Caveolae are non-clathrin, flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane. Caveolin-1 is an essential constituent of caveolae and as such acts as a regulator of caveolae-dependent lipid trafficking and endocytosis. Caveolin-1 interacts with a variety of cellular proteins and regulates cell-signaling events. Caveolin-1 appears to act as a tumor suppressor protein at early stages of cancer progression. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that caveolin-1 is up-regulated in several multidrug-resistant and metastatic cancer cell lines and human tumor specimens. Furthermore, caveolin-1 levels are positively correlated with tumor stage and grade in numerous cancer types. CONCLUSION The available experimental data support the tumor-promoting role of caveolin-1 in advanced-stage cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shatz
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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46
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Chrétien A, Piront N, Delaive E, Demazy C, Ninane N, Toussaint O. Increased abundance of cytoplasmic and nuclear caveolin 1 in human diploid fibroblasts in H2O2-induced premature senescence and interplay with p38αMAPK. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:1685-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Quest AFG, Gutierrez-Pajares JL, Torres VA. Caveolin-1: an ambiguous partner in cell signalling and cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2008; 12:1130-50. [PMID: 18400052 PMCID: PMC3865655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are small plasma membrane invaginations that have been implicated in a variety of functions including transcytosis, potocytosis and cholesterol transport and signal transduction. The major protein component of this compartment is a family of proteins called caveolins. Experimental data obtained in knockout mice have provided unequivocal evidence for a requirement of caveolins to generate morphologically detectable caveolae structures. However, expression of caveolins is not sufficient per seto assure the presence of these structures. With respect to other roles attributed to caveolins in the regulation of cellular function, insights are even less clear. Here we will consider, more specifically, the data concerning the ambiguous roles ascribed to caveolin-1 in signal transduction and cancer. In particular, evidence indicating that caveolin-1 function is cell context dependent will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F G Quest
- FONDAP Centre for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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48
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Patel HH, Murray F, Insel PA. Caveolae as organizers of pharmacologically relevant signal transduction molecules. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 48:359-91. [PMID: 17914930 PMCID: PMC3083858 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.121506.124841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae, a subset of membrane (lipid) rafts, are flask-like invaginations of the plasma membrane that contain caveolin proteins, which serve as organizing centers for cellular signal transduction. Caveolins (-1, -2, and -3) have cytoplasmic N and C termini, palmitolylation sites, and a scaffolding domain that facilitates interaction and organization of signaling molecules so as to help provide coordinated and efficient signal transduction. Such signaling components include upstream entities (e.g., G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases, and steroid hormone receptors) and downstream components (e.g., heterotrimeric and low-molecular-weight G proteins, effector enzymes, and ion channels). Diseases associated with aberrant signaling may result in altered localization or expression of signaling proteins in caveolae. Caveolin-knockout mice have numerous abnormalities, some of which may reflect the impact of total body knockout throughout the life span. This review provides a general overview of caveolins and caveolae, signaling molecules that localize to caveolae, the role of caveolae/caveolin in cardiac and pulmonary pathophysiology, pharmacologic implications of caveolar localization of signaling molecules, and the possibility that caveolae might serve as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Caveolin-1-mediated expression and secretion of kallikrein 6 in colon cancer cells. Neoplasia 2008; 10:140-8. [PMID: 18283336 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallikreins are secreted proteases that may play a functional role and/or serve as a serum biomarker for the presence or progression of certain types of cancers. Kallikrein 6 (KLK6) has been shown to be upregulated in several types of cancers, including colon. The aims of this study were to elucidate pathways that influence KLK6 gene expression and KLK6 protein secretion in the HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Our data indicate a central role for caveolin-1 (CAV-1), the main structural protein of caveolae, in both KLK6 gene expression and protein secretion. Sucrose gradient subcellular fractionation reveals that CAV-1 and KLK6 colocalize to lipid raft domains in the plasma membrane of HCT116 cells. Furthermore, we show that CAV-1, although it does not directly interact with the KLK6 molecule, enhances KLK6 secretion from the cells. Deactivation of CAV-1, through SRC-mediated phosphorylation, decreased KLK6 secretion. We also demonstrate that, in colon cancer cells, CAV-1 increased the amount of phosphorylated AKT in cells by inhibiting the activity of the AKT-negative regulators PP1 and PP2A. This study demonstrates that proteins such as CAV-1 and AKT, which are known to be altered in colon cancer, affect KLK6 expression and KLK6 secretion.
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50
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors protect mouse kidney cells from cyclosporine-induced cell death. Kidney Int 2008; 73:77-85. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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