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Shamanna V, Srinivas S, Couto N, Nagaraj G, Sajankila SP, Krishnappa HG, Kumar KA, Aanensen DM, Lingegowda RK, Nihr Global Health Research Unit On Genomic Surveillance-India Consortium. Geographical distribution, disease association and diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae K/L and O antigens in India: roadmap for vaccine development. Microb Genom 2024; 10. [PMID: 39037209 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a significant healthcare challenge due to its multidrug resistance and diverse serotype landscape. This study aimed to explore the serotype diversity of 1072 K. pneumoniae and its association with geographical distribution, disease severity and antimicrobial/virulence patterns in India. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on the Illumina platform, and genomic analysis was carried out using the Kleborate tool. The analysis revealed a total of 78 different KL types, among which KL64 (n=274/1072, 26 %), KL51 (n=249/1072, 24 %), and KL2 (n=88/1072, 8 %) were the most prevalent. In contrast, only 13 distinct O types were identified, with O1/O2v1 (n=471/1072, 44 %), O1/O2v2 (n=353/1072, 33 %), and OL101 (n=66/1072, 6 %) being the predominant serotypes. The study identified 114 different sequence types (STs) with varying serotypes, with ST231 being the most predominant. O serotypes were strongly linked with STs, with O1/O2v1 predominantly associated with ST231. Simpson's diversity index and Fisher's exact test revealed higher serotype diversity in the north and east regions, along with intriguing associations between specific serotypes and resistance profiles. No significant association between KL or O types and disease severity was observed. Furthermore, we found the specific association of virulence factors yersiniabactin and aerobactin (P<0.05) with KL types but no association with O antigen types (P>0.05). Conventionally described hypervirulent clones (i.e. KL1 and KL2) in India lacked typical virulent markers (i.e. aerobactin), contrasting with other regional serotypes (KL51). The cumulative distribution of KL and O serotypes suggests that future vaccines may have to include either ~20 KL or four O types to cover >85 % of the carbapenemase-producing Indian K. pneumoniae population. The results highlight the necessity for comprehensive strategies to manage the diverse landscape of K. pneumoniae strains across different regions in India. Understanding regional serotype dynamics is pivotal for targeted surveillance, interventions, and tailored vaccine strategies to tackle the diverse landscape of K. pneumoniae infections across India. This article contains data hosted by Microreact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Shamanna
- Central Research Laboratory, KIMS, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Biotechnology, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Udupi, India
| | | | - Natacha Couto
- Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - David M Aanensen
- Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Park S, Cho E, Senevirathne A, Chung HJ, Ha S, Kim CH, Kang S, Lee JH. Salmonella vector induces protective immunity against Lawsonia and Salmonella in murine model using prokaryotic expression system. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e4. [PMID: 38311319 PMCID: PMC10839175 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lawsonia intracellularis is the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy and is associated with several outbreaks, causing substantial economic loss to the porcine industry. OBJECTIVES In this study, we focused on demonstrating the protective effect in the mouse model through the immunological bases of two vaccine strains against porcine proliferative enteritis. METHODS We used live-attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) secreting two selected immunogenic LI antigens (Lawsonia autotransporter A epitopes and flagellin [FliC]-peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein-FliC) as the vaccine carrier. The constructs were cloned into a Salmonella expression vector (pJHL65) and transformed into the ST strain (JOL912). The expression of immunogenic proteins within Salmonella was evaluated via immunoblotting. RESULTS Immunizing BALB/c mice orally and subcutaneously induced high levels of LI-specific systemic immunoglobulin G and mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A. In immunized mice, there was significant upregulation of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 cytokine mRNA and an increase in the subpopulations of cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ and CD 8+ T lymphocytes upon splenocytes re-stimulation with LI antigens. We observed significant protection in C57BL/6 mice against challenge with 106.9 times the median tissue culture infectious dose of LI or 2 × 109 colony-forming units of the virulent ST strain. Immunizing mice with either individual vaccine strains or co-mixture inhibited bacterial proliferation, with a marked reduction in the percentage of mice shedding Lawsonia in their feces. CONCLUSIONS Salmonella-mediated LI gene delivery induces robust humoral and cellular immune reactions, leading to significant protection against LI and salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Eunseok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Amal Senevirathne
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Chung
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Seungmin Ha
- Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Chae-Hyun Kim
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Seogjin Kang
- Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
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Liu P, Yang A, Tang B, Wang Z, Jian Z, Liu Y, Wang J, Zhong B, Yan Q, Liu W. Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the type VI secretion system in Klebsiella pneumoniae causing abscesses. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1181701. [PMID: 37266024 PMCID: PMC10230222 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1181701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The type VI system (T6SS) has the potential to be a new virulence factor for hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strains. This study aimed to characterize the molecular and clinical features of T6SS-positive and T6SS-negative K. pneumoniae isolates that cause abscesses. Patients and methods A total of 169 non-duplicate K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from patients with abscesses in a tertiary hospital in China from January 2018 to June 2022, and clinical data were collected. For all isolates, capsular serotypes, T6SS genes, virulence, and drug resistance genes, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and biofilm formation assays were assessed. Multilocus sequence typing was used to analyze the genotypes of hvKp. T6SS-positive hvKp, T6SS-negative hvKp, T6SS-positive cKP, and T6SS-negative cKP (n = 4 strains for each group) were chosen for the in vivo Galleria mellonella infection model and in vitro competition experiments to further explore the microbiological characteristics of T6SS-positive K. pneumoniae isolates. Results The positive detection rate for T6SS was 36.1%. The rates of hvKp, seven virulence genes, K1 capsular serotype, and ST23 in T6SS-positive strains were all higher than those in T6SS-negative strains (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the carriage of aerobactin (OR 0.01) and wcaG (OR 33.53) were independent risk factors for T6SS-positive strains (p < 0.05). The T6SS-positive strains had a stronger biofilm-forming ability than T6SS-negative strains (p < 0.05). The T6SS-positive and T6SS-negative strains showed no significant differences in competitive ability (p = 0.06). In the in vivo G. mellonella infection model, the T6SS(+)/hvKP group had the worst prognosis. Except for cefazolin and tegacyclin, T6SS-positive isolates displayed a lower rate of antimicrobial resistance to other drugs (p < 0.05). The T6SS-positive isolates were more likely to be acquired from community infections (p < 0.05). Conclusion Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates causing abscesses have a high prevalence of T6SS genes. T6SS-positive K. pneumoniae isolates are associated with virulence, and the T6SS genes may be involved in the hvKp virulence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Awen Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiqian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zijuan Jian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Baiyun Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gouda AM, Soltan MA, Abd-Elghany K, Sileem AE, Elnahas HM, Ateya MAM, Elbatreek MH, Darwish KM, Bogari HA, Lashkar MO, Aldurdunji MM, Elhady SS, Ahmad TA, Said AM. Integration of immunoinformatics and cheminformatics to design and evaluate a multitope vaccine against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa coinfection. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1123411. [PMID: 36911530 PMCID: PMC9999731 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1123411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) are the most common Gram-negative bacteria associated with pneumonia and coinfecting the same patient. Despite their high virulence, there is no effective vaccine against them. Methods: In the current study, the screening of several proteins from both pathogens highlighted FepA and OmpK35 for K. pneumonia in addition to HasR and OprF from P. aeruginosa as promising candidates for epitope mapping. Those four proteins were linked to form a multitope vaccine, that was formulated with a suitable adjuvant, and PADRE peptides to finalize the multitope vaccine construct. The final vaccine's physicochemical features, antigenicity, toxicity, allergenicity, and solubility were evaluated for use in humans. Results: The output of the computational analysis revealed that the designed multitope construct has passed these assessments with satisfactory scores where, as the last stage, we performed a molecular docking study between the potential vaccine construct and K. pneumonia associated immune receptors, TLR4 and TLR2, showing affinitive to both targets with preferentiality for the TLR4 receptor protein. Validation of the docking studies has proceeded through molecular dynamics simulation, which estimated a strong binding and supported the nomination of the designed vaccine as a putative solution for K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa coinfection. Here, we describe the approach for the design and assessment of our potential vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Gouda
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Soltan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Khalid Abd-Elghany
- Department of Microbiology-Microbial Biotechnology, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf E Sileem
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanan M Elnahas
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud H Elbatreek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hanin A Bogari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar O Lashkar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Aldurdunji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh S Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek A Ahmad
- Library Sector, Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Said
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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