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Rudchenko MN, Zamyatnin AA. Prospects for using self-assembled nucleic acid structures. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:391-9. [PMID: 25869355 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791504001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
According to the central dogma in molecular biology, nucleic acids are assigned with key functions on storing and executing genetic information in any living cell. However, features of nucleic acids are not limited only with properties providing template-dependent biosynthetic processes. Studies of DNA and RNA unveiled unique features of these polymers able to make various self-assembled three-dimensional structures that, among other things, use the complementarity principle. Here, we review various self-assembled nucleic acid structures as well as application of DNA and RNA to develop nanomaterials, molecular automata, and nanodevices. It can be expected that in the near future results of these developments will allow designing novel next-generation diagnostic systems and medicinal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Rudchenko
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Li Z, Bammann H, Li M, Liang H, Yan Z, Phoebe Chen YP, Zhao M, Khaitovich P. Evolutionary and ontogenetic changes in RNA editing in human, chimpanzee, and macaque brains. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 19:1693-702. [PMID: 24152549 PMCID: PMC3884655 DOI: 10.1261/rna.039206.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) substitutions are the most common type of RNA editing in mammals. A-to-I RNA editing is particularly widespread in the brain and is known to play important roles in neuronal functions. In this study we investigated RNA-editing changes during human brain development and maturation, as well as evolutionary conservation of RNA-editing patterns across primates. We used high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to quantify the RNA-editing levels and assess ontogenetic dynamics of RNA editing at more than 8000 previously annotated exonic A-to-I RNA-editing sites in two brain regions--prefrontal cortex and cerebellum--of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques. We observed substantial conservation of RNA-editing levels between the brain regions, as well as among the three primate species. Evolutionary changes in RNA editing were nonetheless evident, with 40% of the annotated editing sites studied showing divergent editing levels among the three species and 16.5% of sites displaying statistically significant human-specific editing patterns. Across lifespan, we observed an increase of the RNA-editing level with advanced age in both brain regions of all three primate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hindrike Bammann
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Mingshuang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hongyu Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Min Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Corresponding authorsE-mail E-mail
| | - Philipp Khaitovich
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
- Corresponding authorsE-mail E-mail
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