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Shilovsky GA. Lability of the Nrf2/Keap/ARE Cell Defense System in Different Models of Cell Aging and Age-Related Pathologies. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:70-85. [PMID: 35491021 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The level of oxidative stress in an organism increases with age. Accumulation of damages resulting in the disruption of genome integrity can be the cause of many age-related diseases and appearance of phenotypic and physiological signs of aging. In this regard, the Nrf2 system, which regulates expression of numerous enzymes responsible for the antioxidant defense and detoxification, is of great interest. This review summarizes and analyzes the data on the age-related changes in the Nrf2 system in vivo and in vitro in various organs and tissues. Analysis of published data suggests that the capacity for Nrf2 activation (triggered by the increased level of oxidative stress) steadily declines with age. At the same time, changes in the Nrf2 activity under the stress-free conditions do not have such unambiguous directionality; in many studies, these changes were statistically insignificant, although it is commonly accepted that the level of oxidative stress steadily increases with aging. This review examines the role of cell regulatory systems limiting the ability of Nrf2 to respond to oxidative stress. Senescent cells are extremely susceptible to the oxidative damage due to the impaired Nrf2 signaling. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway is a promising target for new pharmacological or genetic therapeutic strategies. Suppressors of the Nrf2 expression, such as Keap1, GSK3, c-Myc, and Bach1, may contribute to the age-related impairments in the induction of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes. Understanding the mechanisms of regulatory cascades linking the programs responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis and cell response to the oxidative stress will contribute to the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Shilovsky
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127051, Russia
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Sheik Abdul N, Nagiah S, Chuturgoon AA. Fusaric acid induces NRF2 as a cytoprotective response to prevent NLRP3 activation in the liver derived HepG2 cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 55:151-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Ferrosenescence: The iron age of neurodegeneration? Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 174:63-75. [PMID: 29180225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging has been associated with iron retention in many cell types, including the neurons, promoting neurodegeneration by ferroptosis. Excess intracellular iron accelerates aging by damaging the DNA and blocking genomic repair systems, a process we define as ferrosenescence. Novel neuroimaging and proteomic techniques have pinpointed indicators of both iron retention and ferrosenescence, allowing for their early correction, potentially bringing prevention of neurodegenerative disorders within reach. In this review, we take a closer look at the early markers of iron dyshomeostasis in neurodegenerative disorders, focusing on preventive strategies based on nutritional and microbiome manipulations.
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Vnukov VV, Gutsenko OI, Milyutina NP, Kornienko IV, Ananyan AA, Plotnikov AA, Panina SB. SkQ1 regulates expression of Nrf2, ARE-controlled genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, and their activity in cerebral cortex under oxidative stress. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:942-952. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917080090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhao H, Hao S, Xu H, Ma L, Zhang Z, Ni Y, Yu L. Protective role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in the hemorrhagic shock-induced inflammatory response. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1014-22. [PMID: 26935388 PMCID: PMC4790708 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) following trauma or major surgery significantly contributes to mortality. However, the mechanisms through which HS activates the inflammatory response are not yet fully understood. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (NF-E2) p45-related factor-2 (Nrf2), a bZIP transcription factor, is a master regulator of robust cytoprotective defenses. The present study investigated the role of Nrf2 in the pathophysiology of HS. Nrf2 expression in peripheral leukocytes obtained from patients with surgery-associated hemorrhage subjected to resuscitation treatment (termed HS patients) or healthy donors was examined by RT-qPCR. A marked increase in Nrf2 expression was detected in the leukocytes obtained from the HS patients, which indicates a correlation between Nrf2 expression and the development of HS. Wild-type (WT; Nrf2+/+) and Nrf2-deficient [Nrf2−/− or Nrf2-knockout (KO)] mice were subjected to surgery to induce HS. Systemic inflammation was significantly elevated in the Nrf2-KO mice compared with the WT mice following HS, as assessed by an increase in serum cytokine levels [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β], as well as high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) expression. The Nrf2-KO mice exhibited more severe lung and liver injury following HS as evidenced by increased tissue damage, increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Nrf2 deficiency augmented cytokine production induced by the exposure of peritoneal mouse macrophages to lipopolysaccha-ride (LPS) following HS. Taken together, these results suggest that Nrf2 is a critical host factor which limits immune dysregulation and organ injury following HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haige Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Sijing Hao
- Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Eye Center of the Affiliated Second Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Ni
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Luyang Yu
- Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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