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Yu S, Lian Z, Yu L, Guo W, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H 2O 2 signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17907. [PMID: 39308802 PMCID: PMC11416083 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the realm of wheat seed germination, abiotic stresses such as salinity and high temperature have been shown to hinder the process. These stresses can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species, which, within a certain concentration range, may actually facilitate seed germination. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, serves as a crucial signaling molecule in the promotion of seed germination. Nevertheless, the potential of GABA to regulate seed germination under the simultaneous stress of heat and salinity remains unexplored in current literature. Methods This study employed observational methods to assess seed germination rate (GR), physiological methods to measure H2O2 content, and the activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The levels of ABA and GABA were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography technology. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR technology was utilized to analyze the expression levels of two genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, MnSOD and CAT. Results The findings indicated that combined stress (30 °C + 50 mM NaCl) decreased the GR of wheat seeds to about 21%, while treatment with 2 mM GABA increased the GR to about 48%. However, the stimulatory effect of GABA was mitigated by the presence of ABA, dimethylthiourea, and NOX inhibitor, but was strengthened by H2O2, antioxidant enzyme inhibitor, fluridone, and gibberellin. In comparison to the control group (20 °C + 0 mM NaCl), this combined stress led to elevated levels of ABA, reduced GAD and NOX activity, and a decrease in H2O2 and GABA content. Further investigation revealed that this combined stress significantly suppressed the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as downregulated the gene expression levels of MnSOD and CAT. However, the study demonstrates that exogenous GABA effectively reversed the inhibitory effects of combined stress on wheat seed germination. These findings suggest that GABA-induced NOX-mediated H2O2 signalling plays a crucial role in mitigating the adverse impact of combined stress on wheat seed germination. This research holds significant theoretical and practical implications for the regulation of crop seed germination by GABA under conditions of combined stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhihan Lian
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lihe Yu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Jiao P, Jin S, Chen N, Wang C, Liu S, Qu J, Guan S, Ma Y. Improvement of cold tolerance in maize ( Zea mays L.) using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of ZmSAMDC gene. GM CROPS & FOOD 2022; 13:131-141. [PMID: 35819059 PMCID: PMC9291676 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2097831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a food crop sensitive to low temperatures. As one of the abiotic stress hazards, low temperatures seriously affect the yield of maize. However, the genetic basis of low-temperature adaptation in maize is still poorly understood. In this study, maize S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) was localized to the nucleus. We used Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technology to introduce the SAMDC gene into an excellent maize inbred line variety GSH9901 and produced a cold-tolerant transgenic maize line. After three years of single-field experiments, the contents of polyamines (PAs), proline (Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes and ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) in the leaves of the transgenic maize plants overexpressing the SAMDC gene significantly increased, and the expression of elevated CBF and cold-responsive genes effectively increased. The agronomic traits of the maize overexpressing the SAMDC gene changed, and the yield traits significantly improved. However, no significant changes were found in plant height, ear length, and shaft thickness. Therefore, SAMDC enzymes can effectively improve the cold tolerance of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shiyou Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunlai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuyan Guan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yiyong Ma
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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