1
|
Zhang X, Bisbis M, Heuvelink E, Jiang W, Marcelis LFM. Green light reduces elongation when partially replacing sole blue light independently from cryptochrome 1a. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1946-1955. [PMID: 34453337 PMCID: PMC9293030 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although green light is sometimes neglected, it can have several effects on plant growth and development. Green light is probably sensed by cryptochromes (crys), one of the blue light photoreceptor families. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible interaction between green and blue light and the involvement of crys in the green light response of plant photomorphogenesis. We hypothesize that green light effects on morphology only occur when crys are activated by the presence of blue light. Wild-type Moneymaker (MM), cry1a mutant (cry1a), and two CRY2 overexpressing transgenic lines (CRY2-OX3 and CRY2-OX8) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were grown in a climate chamber without or with green light (30 μmol m-2 s-1 ) on backgrounds of sole red, sole blue and red/blue mixture, with all treatments having the same photosynthetic photon flux density of 150 μmol m-2 s-1 . Green light showed no significant effects on biomass accumulation, nor on leaf characteristics such as leaf area, specific leaf area, and chlorophyll content. However, in all genotypes, green light significantly decreased stem length on a sole blue background, whereas green light hardly affected stem length on sole red and red/blue mixture background. MM, cry1a, and CRY2-OX3/8 plants all exhibited similar responses of stem elongation to green light, indicating that cry1a, and probably cry2, is not involved in this green light effect. We conclude that partially replacing blue light by green light reduces elongation and that this is independent of cry1a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement (Ministry of Agriculture), Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Horticulture and Product Physiology GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mehdi Bisbis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Leibnitz Institute for Vegetable and Ornamental ProductionGermany
| | - Ep Heuvelink
- Horticulture and Product Physiology GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Weijie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement (Ministry of Agriculture), Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Leo F. M. Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bian Z, Yang Q, Li T, Cheng R, Barnett Y, Lu C. Study of the beneficial effects of green light on lettuce grown under short-term continuous red and blue light-emitting diodes. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:226-240. [PMID: 29493775 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Red and blue light are the most important light spectra for driving photosynthesis to produce adequate crop yield. It is also believed that green light may contribute to adaptations to growth. However, the effects of green light, which can trigger specific and necessary responses of plant growth, have been underestimated in the past. In this study, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was exposed to different continuous light (CL) conditions for 48 h by a combination of red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) supplemented with or without green LEDs, in an environmental-controlled growth chamber. Green light supplementation enhanced photosynthetic capacity by increasing net photosynthetic rates, maximal photochemical efficiency, electron transport for carbon fixation (JPSII ) and chlorophyll content in plants under the CL treatment. Green light decreased malondialdehyde and H2 O2 accumulation by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) after 24 h of CL. Supplemental green light significantly increased the expression of photosynthetic genes LHCb and PsbA from 6 to 12 h, and these gene expressions were maintained at higher levels than those under other light conditions between 12 and 24 h. However, a notable downregulation of both LHCb and PsbA was observed during 24 to 48 h. These results indicate that the effects of green light on lettuce plant growth, via enhancing activity of particular components of antioxidative enzyme system and promoting of LHCb and PsbA expression to maintain higher photosynthetic capacity, alleviated a number of the negative effects caused by CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Bian
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Science, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Qichang Yang
- Institute of Environment of Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment of Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- Institute of Environment of Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Science, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Science, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG25 0QF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Efimova MV, Vankova R, Kusnetsov VV, Litvinovskaya RP, Zlobin IE, Dobrev P, Vedenicheva NP, Savchuk AL, Karnachuk RA, Kudryakova NV, Kuznetsov VV. Effects of 24-epibrassinolide and green light on plastid gene transcription and cytokinin content of barley leaves. Steroids 2017; 120:32-40. [PMID: 27998756 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate whether brassinosteroids (BS) and green light regulate the transcription of plastid genes in a cross-talk with cytokinins (CKs), transcription rates of 12 plastid genes (ndhF, rrn23, rpoB, psaA, psaB, rrn16, psbA, psbD, psbK, rbcL, atpB, and trnE/trnY) as well as the accumulation of transcripts of some photoreceptors (PHYA, CRY2, CRY1A, and CRY1B) and signaling (SERK and CAS) genes were followed in detached etiolated barley leaves exposed to darkness, green or white light ±1μm 24-epibrassinolide (EBL). EBL in the dark was shown to up-regulate the transcription of 12 plastid genes, while green light activated 10 genes and the EBL combined with the green light affected the transcription of only two genes (psaB and rpoB). Green light inhibited the expression of photoreceptor genes, except for CRY1A. Under the green light, EBL practically did not affect the expression of CRY1A, CAS and SERK genes, but it reduced the influence of white light on the accumulation of CAS, CRY1A, CRY1B, and SERK gene transcripts. The total content of BS in the dark and under white light remained largely unchanged, while under green light the total content of BRs (brassinolide, castasterone, and 6-deoxocastasterone) and HBRs (28-homobrassinolide, 28-homocastasterone, and 6-deoxo-28-homocastasterone) increased. The EBL-dependent up-regulation of plastome transcription in the dark was accompanied by a significant decrease in CK deactivation by O-glucosylation. However, no significant effect on the content of active CKs was detected. EBL combined with green light moderately increased the contents of trans-zeatin and isopentenyladenine, but had a negative effect on cis-zeatin. The most significant promotive effect of EBL on active CK bases was observed in white light. The data obtained suggest the involvement of CKs in the BS- and light-dependent transcription regulation of plastid genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Efimova
- National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Av., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Institute of Experimental Botany, AS CR, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Victor V Kusnetsov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Str., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Raisa P Litvinovskaya
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ilya E Zlobin
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Str., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, AS CR, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Nina P Vedenicheva
- Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska Str., 2, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alina L Savchuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Raisa A Karnachuk
- National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Av., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Kudryakova
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Str., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Kuznetsov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Str., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Av., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|