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Ghalwash M, Elmasry A, Omar NMAE. Possible cardioprotective role of NaHS on ECG and oxidative stress markers in an unpredictable chronic mild stress model in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 99:321-327. [PMID: 33175584 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of H2S against various body organ injuries has been described. The aim of this work is to investigate the potential role of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as an H2S donor in chronic mild stress induced changes in the rat heart. Forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to four groups: control, stressed group, stressed rats treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), and stressed rats treated with NaHS. Arterial blood pressure (ABP) was recorded. Serum adrenaline, MDA, and GSH levels were measured. Chronic stress significantly increased HR and ABP. AOAA produced similar changes, while NaHS mitigated the rise in HR and ABP. Both stressed and AOAA-treated stressed groups showed a significant decrease in QRS amplitude and a shortening of the RR, QT, and QTc intervals with an elevation of the ST segment. NaHS produced a significant improvement in ECG recordings. Chronic stress produced a significant rise of adrenaline and MDA levels with a significant decline in GSH levels. The AOAA-treated stressed group showed similar elevations. NaHS treatment caused significant reduction in adrenaline and MDA levels but significantly improved GSH levels. In conclusion, H2S donor has a cardioprotective effect against stress-induced cardiovascular diseases through amelioration of the oxidative stress and raised adrenaline levels induced by chronic stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghalwash
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, 35516
| | - Ahlam Elmasry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, 35516
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Chan CS, Lin YK, Kao YH, Chen YC, Chen SA, Chen YJ. Hydrogen sulphide increases pulmonary veins and atrial arrhythmogenesis with activation of protein kinase C. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3503-3513. [PMID: 29659148 PMCID: PMC6010708 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S), one of the most common toxic air pollutants, is an important aetiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary veins (PVs) and left atrium (LA) are the most important AF trigger and substrate. We investigated whether H2 S may modulate the arrhythmogenesis of PVs and atria. Conventional microelectrodes and whole-cell patch clamp were performed in rabbit PV, sinoatrial node (SAN) or atrial cardiomyocytes before and after the perfusion of NaHS with or without chelerythrine (a selective PKC inhibitor), rottlerin (a specific PKC δ inhibitor) or KB-R7943 (a NCX inhibitor). NaHS reduced spontaneous beating rates, but increased the occurrences of delayed afterdepolarizations and burst firing in PVs and SANs. NaHS (100 μmol/L) increased IKATP and INCX in PV and LA cardiomyocytes, which were attenuated by chelerythrine (3 μmol/L). Chelerythrine, rottlerin (10 μmol/L) or KB-R7943 (10 μmol/L) attenuated the arrhythmogenic effects of NaHS on PVs or SANs. NaHS shortened the action potential duration in LA, but not in right atrium or in the presence of chelerythrine. NaHS increased PKC activity, but did not translocate PKC isoforms α, ε to membrane in LA. In conclusion, through protein kinase C signalling, H2 S increases PV and atrial arrhythmogenesis, which may contribute to air pollution-induced AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Shun Chan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Swan KW, Song BM, Chen AL, Chen TJ, Chan RA, Guidry BT, Katakam PVG, Kerut EK, Giles TD, Kadowitz PJ. Analysis of decreases in systemic arterial pressure and heart rate in response to the hydrogen sulfide donor sodium sulfide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H732-H743. [PMID: 28667054 PMCID: PMC5668608 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00729.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The actions of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the heart and vasculature have been extensively reported. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of H2S are unclear in the anesthetized rat. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of H2S on the electrocardiogram and examine the relationship between H2S-induced changes in heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and respiratory function. Intravenous administration of the H2S donor Na2S in the anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rat decreased MAP and HR and produced changes in respiratory function. The administration of Na2S significantly increased the RR interval at some doses but had no effect on PR or corrected QT(n)-B intervals. In experiments where respiration was maintained with a mechanical ventilator, we observed that Na2S-induced decreases in MAP and HR were independent of respiration. In experiments where respiration was maintained by mechanical ventilation and HR was maintained by cardiac pacing, Na2S-induced changes in MAP were not significantly altered, whereas changes in HR were abolished. Coadministration of glybenclamide significantly increased MAP and HR responses at some doses, but methylene blue, diltiazem, and ivabradine had no significant effect compared with control. The decreases in MAP and HR in response to Na2S could be dissociated and were independent of changes in respiratory function, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, methylene blue-sensitive mechanism involving L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels, or hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. Cardiovascular responses observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats were more robust than those in Sprague-Dawley rats.NEW & NOTEWORTHY H2S is a gasotransmitter capable of producing a decrease in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. The hypotensive and bradycardic effects of H2S can be dissociated, as shown with cardiac pacing experiments. Responses were not blocked by diltiazem, ivabradine, methylene blue, or glybenclamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Swan
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Bryant M Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Allen L Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Travis J Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ryan A Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Bradley T Guidry
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Prasad V G Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Thomas D Giles
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Philip J Kadowitz
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana;
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Tzaneva V, Perry SF. Evidence for a role of heme oxygenase-1 in the control of cardiac function in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to hypoxia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:1563-71. [PMID: 26994186 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.136853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter produced from the breakdown of heme via heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1; hypoxia-inducible isoform) and heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2; constitutively expressed isoform). In mammals, CO is involved in modulating cardiac function. The role of the HO-1/CO system in the control of heart function in fish, however, is unknown and investigating its physiological function in lower vertebrates will provide a better understanding of the evolution of this regulatory mechanism. We explored the role of the HO-1/CO system in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) in vivo by investigating the impact of translational gene knockdown of HO-1 on cardiac function. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of HO-1 in the pacemaker cells of the heart at 4 days post-fertilization and thus the potential for CO production at these sites. Sham-treated zebrafish larvae (experiencing normal levels of HO-1) significantly increased heart rate (fH) when exposed to hypoxia (PwO2 =30 mmHg). Zebrafish larvae lacking HO-1 expression after morpholino knockdown (morphants) exhibited significantly higher fH under normoxic (but not hypoxic) conditions when compared with sham-treaded fish. The increased fH in HO-1 morphants was rescued (fH was restored to control levels) after treatment of larvae with a CO-releasing molecule (40 µmol l(-1) CORM). The HO-1-deficient larvae developed significantly larger ventricles and when exposed to hypoxia they displayed higher cardiac output ([Formula: see text]) and stroke volume (SV). These results suggest that under hypoxic conditions, HO-1 regulates [Formula: see text] and SV presumably via the production of CO. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of the role of the HO-1/CO system in controlling heart function in lower vertebrates. We demonstrate for the first time the ability for CO to be produced in presumptive pacemaker cells of the heart where it plays an inhibitory role in setting the resting cardiac frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Tzaneva
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Steve F Perry
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
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Carbon monoxide modulates electrical activity of murine myocardium via cGMP-dependent mechanisms. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:107-19. [PMID: 25670496 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is critical in cell signaling, and inhalation of gaseous CO can impact cardiovascular physiology. We have investigated electrophysiological effects of CO and their potential cGMP-dependent mechanism in isolated preparations of murine myocardium. The standard microelectrode technique was used to record myocardial action potentials (APs). Exogenous CO (0.96 × 10(-4)-4.8 × 10(-4) M) decreased AP duration in atrial and ventricular tissue and accelerated pacemaking activity in sinoatrial node. Inhibitors of heme oxygenases (zinc and tin protoporphyrin IX), which are responsible for endogenous CO production, induced the opposite effects. Inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), ODQ (10(-5) M) halved CO-induced AP shortening, while sGC activator azosidnone (10(-5) M-3 × 10(-4) M) and cGMP analog BrcGMP (3 × 10(-4) M) induced the same effects as CO. To see if CO effects are attributed to differential regulation of phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) and 3 (PDE3), we used inhibitors of these enzymes. Milrinone (2 × 10(-6) M), selective inhibitor of cGMP-downregulated PDE3, blocked CO-induced rhythm acceleration. EHNA(2 × 10(-6) M), which inhibits cGMP-upregulated PDE2, attenuated CO-induced AP shortening, but failed to induce any positive chronotropic effect. Our findings indicate that PDE2 activity prevails in working myocardium, while PDE3 is more active in sinoatrial node. The results suggest that cardiac effects of CO are at least partly attributed to activation of sGC and subsequent elevation of cGMP intracellular content. In sinoatrial node, this leads to PDE3 inhibition, increased cAMP content, and positive chronotropy, while it also causes PDE2 stimulation in working myocardium, thereby enhancing cAMP degradation and producing AP shortening. Thus, CO induces significant alterations of cardiac electrical activity via cGMP-dependent mechanism and should be considered as a novel regulator of cardiac electrophysiology.
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