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Cao W, Zhang L, Wu L, Zhang M, Liu J, Xie Z, Liu H. Identification and genetic characterization of mitochondrial citrate transporters in Aspergillus niger. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1009491. [PMID: 36177470 PMCID: PMC9512666 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus niger is a major cell factory for citric acid production, and the process of citrate export from mitochondria to cytoplasm is predicted to be one of rate-limiting steps in citric acid accumulation. Currently, the mitochondrial citrate transporters (Ctps) in A. niger are not fully characterized. Here, six putative Ctp encoding genes (ctpA to ctpF) were identified based on their homology with a mitochondrial citrate transporter ScCtp1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Disruption of individual ctpA to ctpF caused varying degrees of decline in citric acid accumulation at different fermentation stages, whereas a mutant strain S1696 with disruption of all six ctps showed complete loss of citiric acid production. S1696 also exhibited delayed growth, reduced conidia formation, and decreased pigmentogenesis. Exogenous addition of citrate partially restored the conidia formation and pigmentogenesis in S1696 mutant. Reintroduction of individual ctps (ctpA to ctpF) into S1696 at the amyA locus showed that ctpA, ctpB, and ctpD restored the citric acid titers to 88.5, 93.8, and 94.6% of the parent strain, respectively. Additionally, the formation of conidia and pigment production was partially restored after reintroduction of ctpA, ctpB, or ctpD. Overexpression of respective ctpA, ctpB, and ctpD in the parent strain resulted in increases in citric acid accumulation by 32.8, 19.3, and 24.2%, respectively. These results demonstrate that CtpA, CtpB, and CtpD play important roles in citric acid transport across the mitochondrial membrane and function in a redundant manner. Enhancement of citric acid transport process can serve as a target for boosting citric acid accumulation in A. niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Liu Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhoujie Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Liu,
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Brisson VL, Zhuang WQ, Alvarez-Cohen L. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Contributions of Citric and Citramalic Acids to Rare Earth Bioleaching by a Paecilomyces Fungus. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3008. [PMID: 31993037 PMCID: PMC6971059 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional methods for extracting rare earth elements from monazite ore require high energy inputs and produce environmentally damaging waste streams. Bioleaching offers a potentially more environmentally friendly alternative extraction process. In order to better understand bioleaching mechanisms, we conducted an exo-metabolomic analysis of a previously isolated rare earth bioleaching fungus from the genus Paecilomyces (GenBank accession numbers KM874779 and KM 874781) to identify contributions of compounds exuded by this fungus to bioleaching activity. Exuded compounds were compared under two growth conditions: growth with monazite ore as the only phosphate source, and growth with a soluble phosphate source (K2HPO4) added. Overall metabolite profiling, in combination with glucose consumption and biomass accumulation data, reflected a lag in growth when this organism was grown with only monazite. We analyzed the relationships between metabolite concentrations, rare earth solubilization, and growth conditions, and identified several metabolites potentially associated with bioleaching. Further investigation using laboratory prepared solutions of 17 of these metabolites indicated statistically significant leaching contributions from both citric and citramalic acids. These contributions (16.4 and 15.0 mg/L total rare earths solubilized) accounted for a portion, but not all, of the leaching achieved with direct bioleaching (42 ± 15 mg/L final rare earth concentration). Additionally, citramalic acid released significantly less of the radioactive element thorium than did citric acid (0.25 ± 0.01 mg/L compared to 1.18 ± 0.01 mg/L), suggesting that citramalic acid may have preferable leaching properties for a monazite bioleaching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Brisson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Wei-Qin Zhuang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Alvarez-Cohen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Kirimura K, Kobayashi K, Ueda Y, Hattori T. Phenotypes of gene disruptants in relation to a putative mitochondrial malate–citrate shuttle protein in citric acid-producing Aspergillus niger. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1737-46. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1164583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The mitochondrial citrate transport protein (CTP) functions as a malate–citrate shuttle catalyzing the exchange of citrate plus a proton for malate between mitochondria and cytosol across the inner mitochondrial membrane in higher eukaryotic organisms. In this study, for functional analysis, we cloned the gene encoding putative CTP (ctpA) of citric acid-producing Aspergillus niger WU-2223L. The gene ctpA encodes a polypeptide consisting 296 amino acids conserved active residues required for citrate transport function. Only in early-log phase, the ctpA disruptant DCTPA-1 showed growth delay, and the amount of citric acid produced by strain DCTPA-1 was smaller than that by parental strain WU-2223L. These results indicate that the CTPA affects growth and thereby citric acid metabolism of A. niger changes, especially in early-log phase, but not citric acid-producing period. This is the first report showing that disruption of ctpA causes changes of phenotypes in relation to citric acid production in A. niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohtaro Kirimura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kobayashi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Ueda
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takasumi Hattori
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Feofilova EP, Sergeeva YE, Mysyakina IS, Bokareva DA. Lipid composition in cell walls and in mycelial and spore cells of mycelial fungi. Microbiology (Reading) 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261715020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Calonne M, Fontaine J, Debiane D, Laruelle F, Grandmougin-Ferjani A, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A. The arbuscular mycorrhizal Rhizophagus irregularis activates storage lipid biosynthesis to cope with the benzo[a]pyrene oxidative stress. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 97:30-7. [PMID: 24246754 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The phytoremediation assisted by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could constitute an ecological and economic method to restore polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) polluted soils. Unfortunately, little is known about the PAH impact on the beneficial symbiotic AMF. Using radiolabelling experiments, our work aims to understand how benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a representative of high molecular weight PAH, acts on the AMF lipid metabolism. Our results showed decreases in the sterol precursors as well as in total phospholipid quantities, in link with the [1-(14)C]acetate incorporation decreases in these lipids. Interestingly, a concomitant increase of [1-(14)C]acetate incorporation by 29.5% into phosphatidylcholine with its content decrease in Rhizophagus irregularis extraradical mycelium was observed, suggesting a membrane regeneration. A second concomitant increase (estimated to 69%) of [1-(14)C]acetate incorporation into triacylglycerols (TAG) with the content decrease was also observed. This suggests a fungal TAG biosynthesis activation probably to offset the decrease in storage lipid content when the fungus was grown under B[a]P pollution. In addition, our findings showed that lipase activity was induced by more than 3 fold in the presence of B[a]P in comparison to the control indicating that the drop in TAG content could be a consequence of their active degradation. Taken together, our data suggest the involvement of the fungal TAG metabolism to cope B[a]P toxicity through two means: (i) by providing carbon skeletons and energy necessary for membrane regeneration and/or for B[a]P translocation and degradation as well as (ii) by activating the phosphatidic acid and hexose metabolisms which may be involved in cellular stress defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Calonne
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Joël Fontaine
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Djouher Debiane
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Frédéric Laruelle
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Anne Grandmougin-Ferjani
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
- Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228 Calais, France.
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Mysiakina IS, Sergeeva YE, Ivashechkin AA, Feofilova EP. Lipid composition of the mycelium of the fungus Mucor hiemalis cultivated with trehalose, triacylglycerols, and itraconazole. Microbiology (Reading) 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261712060094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Gessler NN, Filippovich SY, Bachurina GP, Groza NV, Dorodnikova EA, Belozerskaya TA. Effect of oxylipins on Neurospora crassa growth and differentiation. Microbiology (Reading) 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261712050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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