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Recombinant antibodies by phage display for bioanalytical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114909. [PMID: 36462427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody phage display, aimed at preparing antibodies to defined antigens, is a useful replacement for hybridoma technology. The phage system replaces all work stages that follow animal immunization with simple procedures for manipulating DNA and bacteria. It enables the time needed to generate stable antibody-producing clones to be shortened considerably, making the process noticeably cheaper. Antibodies prepared by phage display undergo several affinity selection steps and can be used as selective receptors in biosensors. This article briefly describes the techniques used in the making of phage antibodies to various antigens. The possibilities and prospects are discussed of using phage antibodies as selective agents in analytical systems, including biosensors.
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Zhu L, Li J, Guo Z, Kwok HF, Zhao Q. Synergistic combination of targeted nano-nuclear-reactors and anti-PD-L1 nanobodies evokes persistent T cell immune activation for cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:521. [PMID: 36496381 PMCID: PMC9741809 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01736-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antitumor T cell immunotherapy as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy has shown enormous promise. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by the low immunogenicity, hypoxia, and immunosuppressive condition that dramatically limit effective T cell immunotherapy. Thus, an ideal immunotherapy strategy that is capable of reversing the immunosuppressive TME is highly imperative. RESULTS In this article, we reported that Fe-doped and doxorubicin (DOX) loaded HA@Cu2-XS-PEG (PHCN) nanomaterials were rationally designed as targeted Fe-PHCN@DOX nano-nuclear-reactors, which evoked persistent T cell immune response together with anti-PD-L1 nanobodies. It was confirmed that nano-nuclear-reactors displayed strong nanocatalytic effect for effective antitumor effects. Consequently, they maximized the immunogenic cell death (ICD) effect for antigen presentation and then stimulated T cell activation. In addition, Fe-PHCN@DOX could reprogram M2-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) into M1-phenotype TAMs by relieving tumor hypoxia. Meanwhile, blockade of the anti-PD-L1 nanobody promoted T cell activation through targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immunosuppressive pathway. Notably, in vivo tumor therapy verified that this nano-nuclear-reactor could be used as an excellent immunotherapy nanoplatform for tumor eradication and metastasis prevention with nanobody. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that nano-nuclear-reactors in combination with nanobody could evoke persistent T cell immune activation, suggesting them potential as a promising immunotherapy option for reversing immunosuppressive immune-cold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Zhu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164School of Life Sciences, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 510006 China
| | - Junnan Li
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Cancer Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078 China
| | - Ziang Guo
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Cancer Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078 China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Cancer Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078 China
| | - Qi Zhao
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Cancer Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078 China ,grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068 MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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Guliy OI, Evstigneeva SS, Dykman LA. The Use of Phage Antibodies for Microbial Cell Detection. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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4
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Development of a Bispecific Nanobody Targeting CD20 on B-Cell Lymphoma Cells and CD3 on T Cells. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081335. [PMID: 36016223 PMCID: PMC9413575 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma is a group of malignant proliferative diseases originating from lymphoid tissue with different clinical manifestations and biological characteristics. It can occur in any part of the body, accounting for more than 80% of all lymphomas. The present study aimed to construct bispecific single-domain antibodies against CD20 and CD3 and to evaluate their function in killing tumor cells in vitro. A Bactrian camel was immunized with a human CD20 extracellular peptide, and the VHH gene was cloned and ligated into a phagemid vector to construct the phage antibody display library. A phage antibody library with a size of 1.2 × 108 was successfully constructed, and the VHH gene insertion rate was 91.7%. Ninety-two individual clones were randomly picked and screened by phage ELISA. Six strains with the high binding ability to human CD20 were named 11, 30, 71, 72, 83, and 92, and induced expression and purification were performed to obtain soluble CD20 single-domain antibodies. The obtained single-domain antibodies could specifically bind to human CD20 polypeptide and cell surface-expressed CD20 molecules in ELISA, Western blot, and cell immunofluorescence assays. The anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific nanobody (BsNb) was successfully constructed by fusing the anti-CD20 VHH gene with the anti-CD3 VHH and the bispecific single-domain antibody was expressed, purified, and validated. Anti-CD20/CD3 BsNb can specifically bind CD20 molecules on the surface of human lymphoma Raji cells and CD3 molecules on the surface of T cells in flow cytometry analysis and effectively mediate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) target Raji cells with a killing efficiency of up to 30.4%, as measured by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) method. The release of hIFN-γ from PBMCs during incubation with anti-CD20/CD3 BsNb was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The anti-CD20/CD3 BsNb could maintain 80% binding activity after incubation with human serum at 37 °C for 48 h. These results indicated the strong antitumor effect of the constructed anti-CD20/CD3 BsNb and laid the foundation for the further development of antitumor agents and the clinical application of anti-CD20/CD3 BsNb.
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Kim HR, Bong JH, Kim TH, Choi KH, Shin SS, Kang MJ, Shim WB, Lee DY, Pyun JC. Homogeneous One-Step Immunoassay Based on Switching Peptides for Detection of the Influenza Virus. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9627-9635. [PMID: 35762898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a homogeneous one-step immunoassay based on switching peptides is presented for the detection of influenza viruses A and B (Inf-A and Inf-B, respectively). The one-step immunoassay represents an immunoassay method that does not involve any washing steps, only treatment of the sample. In this method, fluorescence-labeled switching peptides quantitatively dissociate from the antigen-binding site of immunoglobulin G (IgG). In particular, the one-step immunoassay based on soluble detection antibodies with switching peptides is called a homogeneous one-step immunoassay. The immunoassay developed uses switching peptides labeled with two types of fluorescence dyes (FAM and TAMRA) and detection antibodies labeled with two types of fluorescence quenchers (TQ2 for FAM and TQ3 for TAMRA). The optimal switching peptides for the detection of Inf-A and Inf-B have been selected as L1-peptide and H2-peptide. The interactions between the four kinds of switching peptides and IgG have been analyzed using computational docking simulation and SPR biosensor. The location of labeling for the fluorescence quenchers has been determined based on the distance between the fluorescence dyes of the switching peptides and the fluorescence quenchers, calculated on the basis of the efficiency of fluorescence quenching, using the Förster equation. To demonstrate the feasibility of the one-step immunoassay, binding constants (KD) have been calculated for detection antibodies against Inf-A and Inf-B with target antigens (Inf-A and Inf-B) and switching peptides (L1- and H2-peptides), using an isotherm model. The immunoassay has been demonstrated to be feasible using antigens as well as real samples of Inf-A and Inf-B with a critical cycle number (Ct). The immunoassay has also been compared to other commercially available rapid test kits for Inf-A and Inf-B and found to be far more sensitive for detection of Inf-A and Inf-B over the entire detection range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Bong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hak Choi
- OPTOLANE Technologies Inc., 20 Pangyoyeok-ro 241beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Shick Shin
- OPTOLANE Technologies Inc., 20 Pangyoyeok-ro 241beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science & Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Lee
- OPTOLANE Technologies Inc., 20 Pangyoyeok-ro 241beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Al-Hamrashdi A, Al-Habsi K, Elshafie EI, Johnson EH. Comparison of the oxidative respiratory burst and mitogen-induced leukocyte responses of camels, goats, sheep, and cows. Vet World 2022; 15:1398-1407. [PMID: 35993061 PMCID: PMC9375205 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1398-1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The reports from the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries suggest that camels suffer less compared to goats, sheep, and cows from a number of common infectious diseases in Oman. However, there is no immunological evidence to substantiate this claim. This present study is, therefore, an attempt to study the immunological responses of camels, goats, sheep, and cows by comparing their oxidative respiratory burst of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) as a marker of innate immunity occurring during phagocytosis and the mitogenic responses of their peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMLs) as a marker of their adaptive immune response. Materials and Methods: Ten female adult animals (n = 10) were selected from each species (goats, sheep, and cows). The goats, sheep, and cows were maintained at the Agricultural Experiment Station, while camels were kept at the Royal Camel Corps (RCC). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein in 7 mL of heparin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid vacutainer tubes. The oxidative respiratory burst of PBLs was measured using a chemiluminescence (CL) assay. Reactants consisted of 75 mL of whole blood diluted (1:50), 75 mL of luminol/isoluminol, and 75 mL of zymosan opsonized with non-heat inactivated serum/heat-inactivated serum or non-opsonized zymosan. CL responses were measured as relative light units and expressed as the mean count per minute and peak CL values. The mitogenic response of PBMLs to concanavalin A (Con-A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was tested using a WST-8 assay and read spectrophotometrically at 450 nm. Results: The present findings showed that camel PBLs generate significantly higher CL responses, both intracellularly as well as extracellularly, with zymosan opsonized with autologous serum. Camel PBLs demonstrated a significantly higher (p = 0.001) response when stimulated with zymosan opsonized with heat-inactivated serum compared to those of goat, sheep, and cow lymphocytes from camels exhibited significantly higher (p = 0.001) stimulation indices (SI) with Con-A, PHA, and PWM. Conclusion: The present study suggests that camels are capable of mounting both superior innate as well as adaptive immune responses and provide immunological evidence supporting the belief of some authors, who have proposed that camels are less susceptible to a number of common infectious diseases than other domesticated ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al-Hamrashdi
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Al-Habsi
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Elshafie I. Elshafie
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eugene H. Johnson
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Eshghi D, Kafi M, Sharifiyazdi H, Azari M, Ahmadi N, Ghasrodashti AR, Sadeghi M. Intrauterine infusion of blood serum of dromedary camel improves the uterine health and fertility in high producing dairy cows with endometritis. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 240:106973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Matamoros, Alcivar EI, González, Avilés MS. Study review of camelid and shark antibodies for biomedical and biotechnological applications. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.04.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibodies of camelids and sharks are about one–half of the conventional ones while regular antibodies have four protein chains: two light and two heavy, these small antibodies studied have just two heavy chains; they lack a light chain. In recent years, nanobodies have been the focus of attention because they can recognize epitopes that are usually not antigenic (hidden) for conventional antibodies. On the clinical side, researchers are testing nanobodies (Nbs) in the fight against diseases and disease diagnosis. Nanobodies also are attractive because they can prevent protein aggregation and clear the already existing aggregates. Furthermore, new treatments using these Nbs can neutralize the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) for preventing COVID-19. In this review, we sum up recent findings of the proposed nanobodies for their potential application.
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Liu D, Li L, Cao X, Wu J, Du G, Shang Y. Selection and identification of single-domain antibody against Peste des Petits Ruminants virus. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e45. [PMID: 34170088 PMCID: PMC8318796 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious disease caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) that mainly produces respiratory symptoms in affected animals, resulting in great losses in the world's agriculture industry every year. Single-domain variable heavy chain (VHH) antibody fragments, also referred to as nanobodies, have high expression yields and other advantages including ease of purification and high solubility. Objectives The purpose of this study is to obtain a single-domain antibody with good reactivity and high specificity against PPRV. Methods A VHH cDNA library was established by immunizing camels with PPRV vaccine, and the capacity and diversity of the library were examined. Four PPRV VHHs were selected, and the biological activity and antigen-binding capacity of the four VHHs were identified by western blot, indirect immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses. ELISA was used to identify whether the four VHHs were specific for PPRV, and VHH neutralization tests were carried out. ELISA and western blot analyses were used to identify which PPRV protein was targeted by VHH2. Results The PPRV cDNA library was constructed successfully. The library capacity was greater than 2.0 × 106 cfu/mL, and the inserted fragment size was approximately 400 bp to 2000 bp. The average length of the cDNA library fragment was about 1000 bp, and the recombination rate was approximately 100%. Four single-domain antibody sequences were selected, and proteins expressed in the supernatant were obtained. The four VHHs were shown to have biological activity, close affinity to PPRV, and no cross-reaction with common sheep diseases. All four VHHs had neutralization activity, and VHH2 was specific to the PPRV M protein. Conclusions The results of this preliminary research of PPRV VHHs showed that four screened VHH antibodies could be useful in future applications. This study provided new materials for inclusion in PPRV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Lingxia Li
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xiaoan Cao
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Jinyan Wu
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.
| | - Guoyu Du
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Youjun Shang
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
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Abstract
Today, bio-medical efforts are entering the subcellular level, which is witnessed with the fast-developing fields of nanomedicine, nanodiagnostics and nanotherapy in conjunction with the implementation of nanoparticles for disease prevention, diagnosis, therapy and follow-up. Nanoparticles or nanocontainers offer advantages including high sensitivity, lower toxicity and improved safety—characteristics that are especially valued in the oncology field. Cancer cells develop and proliferate in complex microenvironments leading to heterogeneous diseases, often with a fatal outcome for the patient. Although antibody-based therapy is widely used in the clinical care of patients with solid tumours, its efficiency definitely needs improvement. Limitations of antibodies result mainly from their big size and poor penetration in solid tissues. Nanobodies are a novel and unique class of antigen-binding fragments, derived from naturally occurring heavy-chain-only antibodies present in the serum of camelids. Their superior properties such as small size, high stability, strong antigen-binding affinity, water solubility and natural origin make them suitable for development into next-generation biodrugs. Less than 30 years after the discovery of functional heavy-chain-only antibodies, the nanobody derivatives are already extensively used by the biotechnology research community. Moreover, a number of nanobodies are under clinical investigation for a wide spectrum of human diseases including inflammation, breast cancer, brain tumours, lung diseases and infectious diseases. Recently, caplacizumab, a bivalent nanobody, received approval from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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Hu M, Kang G, Cheng X, Wang J, Li R, Bai Z, Yang D, Huang H. In vitro affinity maturation to improve the efficacy of a hypoxia-inducible factor 1α single-domain intrabody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:936-942. [PMID: 32819602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Affinity is an important property of therapeutic antibodies, so improving affinity is critical to the biological activity and clinical efficacy. An anti-HIF-1α nanobody, VHH212, was screened via a native ribosome display library with a 26.6 nM of KD value was used as the parent. In this paper, a Venn-intersection of multi-algorithms screening (VIMAS) strategy for computer-aided binding affinity prediction was designed. Homology modeling and protein docking methods were used to substitute the need for a crystal structure. Finally, a mutant with a 17.5-fold enhancement in binding affinity (1.52 nM) was obtained by using the VIMAS strategy. Furthermore, the biological activity of mutants was verified at the cellular level. Targeting HIF-1α can sensitize PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) tumors to gemcitabine, which is a potential co-treatment method for pancreatic cancer patients. Our results showed that the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer cell lines increased with the enhanced-affinity of an intrabody under combined treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Antibody Affinity
- Antibody Specificity
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Binding Sites
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/antagonists & inhibitors
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/immunology
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Mutation
- Pancreatic Ducts/immunology
- Pancreatic Ducts/pathology
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Single-Domain Antibodies/chemistry
- Single-Domain Antibodies/genetics
- Single-Domain Antibodies/pharmacology
- Structural Homology, Protein
- User-Computer Interface
- Gemcitabine
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guangbo Kang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiewen Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ruowei Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zixuan Bai
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - He Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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He W, Zhang W, Cheng C, Li J, Wu X, Li M, Chen Z, Wang W. The distributive and structural characteristics of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in Bactrian camels ( Camelus bactrianus). PeerJ 2019; 7:e6571. [PMID: 30881767 PMCID: PMC6417404 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), distributed in the bronchial mucosa, plays a critical role in maintaining the mucosal immune homeostasis of the lower respiratory tract. The bronchial tree is a functional structure for gas exchange with the outside environment and maintains basic lung morphology. METHODS To explore the structural and distributive characteristics of BALT in Bactrian camels, twelve healthy adult Bactrian camels were divided into two groups (six in each group). The lungs, bronchial tree and BALT were observed and analysed systematically through anatomical and histological methods. RESULTS The results showed that Bactrian camel lungs were constituted by the left cranial lobe, left caudal lobe, right cranial lobe, right caudal lobe and accessory lobe, but lacked the middle lobe. The cranial lobe was narrow and small, the caudal lobe was extremely developed (almost four times the cranial lobe in size), and the accessory lobe was smaller than the cranial lobe; the bronchial tree, an unequal dichotomy with a tracheobronchial branch, was composed of dorsal, ventral, lateral and medial bronchiole systems. Isolated lymphoid follicles (the chief type) and aggregates of lymphoid follicles revealed two types of BALT, and germinal centres, follicle-associated epithelium and high endothelial venules could be observed in some well-developed BALT. Additionally, BALT was scattered along the bronchial tree in the entire lung, and the density increased from the trachea to the lower graded branches (densest in the bronchioles) and then decreased, with the occasional location around respiratory bronchioles or among the pulmonary mesenchyme. In the conducting portion, BALT was primarily located in the mucosa lamina propria but was also found in the submucosa, under the muscular layer, and around the submucosal glands and cartilage. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the lung morphology of Bactrian camels was similar to that of horses, but the bronchial branches were more closely related to those of ruminants. These characteristics were in accordance with the morphological and structural variation regularity of lungs with species evolution. BALT was mainly scattered in the conducting portion, and bronchioles, as the final "checkpoint" in the surveillance, capture and recognition of antigens before pulmonary exchange, were the pivotal locational position of BALT. However, BALT at different depths of the bronchial wall of the conducting portion might be at different developmental stages. Our study provided evidence for further insight into the mucosal immunomodulatory mechanism of BALT in the respiratory system of Bactrian camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Cuicui Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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14
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Polanovsky OL. Antibody Engineering: From the Idea to Its Implementation. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317060139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Impact of aging on distribution of IgA + and IgG + cells in aggregated lymphoid nodules area in abomasum of Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus). Exp Gerontol 2017; 100:36-44. [PMID: 28989079 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aggregated lymphoid nodules area (ALNA) in the abomasum is a special organized lymphoid tissue discovered only in Bactrian camels at present. This study aimed to explore the impact of aging on distribution of IgA+ and IgG+ cells in ALNA in abomasum of Bactrian camels. Twenty-four Alashan Bactrian camels were divided into the following four age groups: young (1-2years), pubertal (3-5years), middle-aged (6-16years) and old (17-20years). IgA+ and IgG+ cells in the lamina propria of ALNA were observed and analyzed using immunohistochemical and statistical techniques. The results showed that, in ALNA, the distribution of IgA+ and IgG+ cells were diffuse, and only a few were in subepithelium dome (SED) and most of them in non-SED. Meanwhile, there were significantly more IgA+ cells than IgG+ cells in SED from the young to the middle aged group, but which reversed in old group (P<0.05). However, the aging significantly decreased the densities of IgA+ and IgG+ cells populations in non-SED (P<0.05); in SED, there were no significant differences between the densities of IgA+ and IgG+ cells, but which were both significantly lower in old group than those in young group (P<0.05). The results demonstrated that, in mucosal effector sites, the aging significantly decreased the densities of IgA+ and IgG+ cells populations and impacted on the defense barriers formed by IgA and IgG, but had no impact on the scattered characteristics. In inductive sites, the aging dramatically declined their densities, and they should have close relationships with immune memory. These findings lay the foundation for further researching the mucosal immune disorder or decline caused by aging, and especially underscore the importance of researching the impact of aging on the relationship between IgA+ and IgG+ cells populations and the microbiota colonized in abomasum of Bactrian camels.
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Design and screening of a chimeric survivin-specific nanobody and its anticancer activities in vitro. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:839-47. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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The Distribution of SIgA and IgG Antibody-Secreting Cells in the Small Intestine of Bactrian Camels (Camelus bactrianus) of Different Ages. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156635. [PMID: 27249417 PMCID: PMC4889134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are two important cell types in the mucosal immune system. This study aimed to explore the distribution of these ASC populations in the small intestine of Bactrian camels of different ages. Twenty-four Alashan Bactrian camels were divided into the following four age groups: young (1–2 years), pubertal (3–5 years), middle-aged (6–16 years) and old (17–20 years). SIgA and IgG ASCs in the intestinal mucosa lamina propria (LP) were observed and analyzed using immunohistochemcal techniques. The results from all age groups show that both SIgA and IgG ASCs were diffusely distributed in the intestinal LP, and some cells aggregated around the crypts. Moreover, the densities of the two ASC populations gradually increased from the duodenum to the jejunum and then decreased in the ileum. Meanwhile, there were more SIgA ASCs than IgG ASCs in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and these differences were significant in the young and pubertal groups (P<0.05). In addition, the SIgA and IgG ASC densities increased from the young to the pubertal period, peaked at puberty, and then gradually decreased with age. The results demonstrate that the SIgA and IgG ASC distributions help to form two immunoglobulin barriers in the intestinal mucosa to provide full protection, helping to maintain homeostasis. These findings also underscore the importance of researching the development and degeneration of intestinal mucosal immunity in Bactrian camels.
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Tillib SV, Vyatchanin AS, Muyldermans S. Molecular analysis of heavy chain-only antibodies of Camelus bactrianus. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:1382-90. [PMID: 25716733 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791412013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, IgG content and structures of antigen-binding domains and hinge regions of different IgG subtypes of Camelus bactrianus were analyzed in detail for the first time. Our data demonstrate that C. bactrianus contains a very large amount of heavy chain-only antibodies that can be used as a source of VHH domain-containing molecules. Despite some minor sequence differences identified in this study, C. bactrianus VHH domains possess principally the same unique features as those of C. dromedarius and the llama. These features are important for developing an efficient phage display-based antibody selection technology. We conclude that C. bactrianus is a very suitable animal to raise an immune response that serves as a source to identify antigen-specific VHHs selected after phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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Zhang WD, Wang WH, Jia S. Distribution of immunoglobulin G antibody secretory cells in small intestine of Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus). BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:222. [PMID: 26303329 PMCID: PMC4547423 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the morphological evidence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) participating in intestinal mucosal immunity, 8 healthy adult Bactrian camels used. First, IgG was successfully isolated from their serum and rabbit antibody against Bactrian camels IgG was prepared. The IgG antibody secretory cells (ASCs) in small intestine were particularly observed through immumohistochemical staining, then after were analyzed by statistical methods. Results The results showed that the IgG ASCs were scattered in the lamina propria (LP) and some of them aggregated around of the intestinal glands. The IgG ASCs density was the highest from middle segment of duodenum to middle segment of jejunum, and then in ended segment of jejunum and initial segment of ileum, the lowest was in initial segment of duodenum, in middle and ended segment of ileum. Conclusions It was demonstrated that the IgG ASCs mainly scattered in the effector sites of the mucosal immunity, though the density of IgG ASCs was different in different segment of small intestine. Moreover, this scatted distribution characteristic would provide a morphology basis for research whether IgG form a full-protection and immune surveillance in mucosal immunity homeostasis of integral intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Dong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Shuai Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Li M, Fan X, Liu J, Hu Y, Huang H. Selection by phage display of nanobodies directed against hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:738-45. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering; Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Fan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering; Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering; Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Yaozhong Hu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering; Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering; Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin People's Republic of China
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LaCava J, Molloy KR, Taylor MS, Domanski M, Chait BT, Rout MP. Affinity proteomics to study endogenous protein complexes: pointers, pitfalls, preferences and perspectives. Biotechniques 2015; 58:103-19. [PMID: 25757543 PMCID: PMC4465938 DOI: 10.2144/000114262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissecting and studying cellular systems requires the ability to specifically isolate distinct proteins along with the co-assembled constituents of their associated complexes. Affinity capture techniques leverage high affinity, high specificity reagents to target and capture proteins of interest along with specifically associated proteins from cell extracts. Affinity capture coupled to mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analyses has enabled the isolation and characterization of a wide range of endogenous protein complexes. Here, we outline effective procedures for the affinity capture of protein complexes, highlighting best practices and common pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- John LaCava
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kelly R. Molloy
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Gaseous Ion Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Martin S. Taylor
- High Throughput Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michal Domanski
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York
- Centre for mRNP Biogenesis and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brian T. Chait
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Gaseous Ion Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Michael P. Rout
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York
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Deyev SM, Lebedenko EN, Petrovskaya LE, Dolgikh DA, Gabibov AG, Kirpichnikov MP. Man-made antibodies and immunoconjugates with desired properties: function optimization using structural engineering. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Development of a functional antibody by using a green fluorescent protein frame as the template. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:4126-37. [PMID: 24795367 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00936-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies are widely used as diagnostic and therapeutic agents or biosensors for a majority of human disease. However, the limitations of the present scFv antibody in terms of stability, solubility, and affinity are challenging to produce by traditional antibody screening and expression formats. We describe here a feasible strategy for creating the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based antibody. Complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3), which retains the antigen binding activity, was introduced into the structural loops of superfolder GFP, and the result showed that CDR3-inserted GFP displayed almost the same fluorescence intensity as wild-type GFP, and the purified proteins of CDR3 insertion showed the similar binding activity to antigen as the corresponding scFv. Among of all of the CDRs, CDR3s are responsible for antigen recognition, and only the CDR3a insertion is the best format for producing GFP-based antibody binding to specific antigen. The wide versatility of this system was further verified by introducing CDR3 from other scFvs into loop 9 of GFP. We developed a feasible method for rapidly and effectively producing a high-affinity GFP-based antibody by inserting CDR3s into GFP loops. Further, the affinity can be enhanced by specific amino acids scanning and site-directed mutagenesis. Notably, this method had better versatility for creating antibodies to various antigens using GFP as the scaffold, suggesting that a GFP-based antibody with high affinity and specificity may be useful for disease diagnosis and therapy.
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New analytical applications of gold nanoparticles as label in antibody based sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 43:336-47. [PMID: 23356999 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with optical and electrochemical distinctiveness as well as biocompatibility characteristics have proven to be powerful tools in nanomedicinal application. This review article discusses recent advances in the application of AuNPs as label in bioanalytical devices, especially electrochemical immunosensors, rapid and point-of-care (PoC) tests. A crucial assessment regarding implementation of different formats of antibodies allowing rapid and sensitive analysis of a range of analytes is also provided in this study. In addition to this, different approaches to minimize antibodies into Fab, scFv or even single-domain antibody fragments like VHHs will be reviewed. Given the high level of target specificity and affinity, such biomolecules are considered to be excellent elements for on-site or PoC analysis.
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Tutykhina IL, Sedova ES, Gribova IY, Ivanova TI, Vasilev LA, Rutovskaya MV, Lysenko AA, Shmarov MM, Logunov DY, Naroditsky BS, Tillib SV, Gintsburg AL. Passive immunization with a recombinant adenovirus expressing an HA (H5)-specific single-domain antibody protects mice from lethal influenza infection. Antiviral Res 2012; 97:318-28. [PMID: 23274786 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
One effective method for the prevention and treatment of influenza infection is passive immunization. In our study, we examined the feasibility of creating an antibody-based preparation with a prolonged protective effect against influenza virus. Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) specific for influenza virus hemagglutinin were generated. Experiments in mouse models showed 100% survivability for both intranasal sdAbs administration 24h prior to influenza challenge and 24h after infection. sdAb-gene delivery by an adenoviral vector led to gene expression for up to 14days. Protection by a recombinant adenovirus containing the sdAb gene was observed in cases of administration prior to influenza infection (14d-24h). We also demonstrated that the single administration of a combined preparation containing sdAb DNA and protein expanded the protection time window from 14d prior to 48h after influenza infection. This approach and the application of a broad-spectrum sdAbs will allow the development of efficient drugs for the prevention and treatment of viral infections produced by pandemic virus variants and other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina L Tutykhina
- Gamaleya Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 18, Gamaleya Street, Moscow 123098, Russia
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26
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Tillib SV, Ivanova TI, Vasilev LA, Rutovskaya MV, Saakyan SA, Gribova IY, Tutykhina IL, Sedova ES, Lysenko AA, Shmarov MM, Logunov DY, Naroditsky BS, Gintsburg AL. Formatted single-domain antibodies can protect mice against infection with influenza virus (H5N2). Antiviral Res 2012; 97:245-54. [PMID: 23274623 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work continues a series of recently published studies that employ recombinant single-domain antibody (sdAb, or nanobody®) generation technologies to battle viruses by a passive immunization approach. As a proof of principle, we describe a modified technique to efficiently generate protective molecules against a particular strain of influenza virus within a reasonably short period of time. This approach starts with the immunization of a camel (Camelus bactrianus) with the specified antigen-enriched material presented in as natural a form as possible. An avian influenza virus A/Mallard/Pennsylvania/10218/84 (H5N2) adapted for mice was used as a model source of antigens for both the immunization and phage display-based selection procedures. To significantly increase activities of initially selected monovalent single-domain antibodies, we propose a new type of sdAb formatting that involves the addition of a special type of coiled-coil sequence, the isoleucine zipper domain (ILZ). Presumably, the ILZ-containing peptides adopt trimeric parallel conformations. After the formatting, the biological activities (virus neutralization) of the initially selected anti-influenza virus (H5N2) sdAbs were significantly increased. Intraperitoneal or intranasal administration of the formatted sdAb at 2h before or 24h after viral challenge specifically protects mice from lethal infection with influenza virus. We hope that the described approach combined with the selection focused on particular conservative epitopes will lead to the generation of sdAb-based molecules protective against a broad spectrum of influenza virus subtypes.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Viral/chemistry
- Antibodies, Viral/genetics
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Camelus/genetics
- Camelus/immunology
- Female
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Techniques/methods
- Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/chemistry
- Single-Domain Antibodies/genetics
- Single-Domain Antibodies/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Babkin IV, Babkina IN. A retrospective study of the orthopoxvirus molecular evolution. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:1597-604. [PMID: 22878096 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The data on the structure of conserved genes of the Old and New World orthopoxviruses and unclassified Yoka poxvirus were used for a Bayesian dating of their independent evolution. This reconstruction estimates the time when an orthopoxvirus ancestor was transferred to the North American continent as approximately 50 thousand years ago (TYA) and allows for relation of this time interval with the global climate changes (with one of the short-term warmings during the Last Ice Age). The onset of the Yoka poxvirus evolution was assessed as approximately 90TYA. Availability of a large number of genome sequences of various cowpox virus strains provided for a comprehensive analysis of the orthopoxvirus evolutionary history. Such a study is especially topical in view of the postulated role of this virus in the evolution of various orthopoxviruses, namely, as an progenitor virus. The computations have demonstrated that the orthopoxviruses diverged from the ancestor virus to form the extant species about 10TYA, while the forbear of horsepox virus separated about 3TYA. An independent evolution of taterapox, camelpox, and variola viruses commenced approximately 3.5TYA. Study of the geographic distribution areas of the hosts of these three orthopoxviruses suggests the hypothesis on the region of their origin. It is likely that these viruses first emerged in Africa, in the region of the Horn of Africa, and that the introduction of camels to East Africa induced their divergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V Babkin
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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28
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Tillib SV, Ivanova TI, Lyssuk EY, Larin SS, Kibardin AV, Korobko EV, Vikhreva PN, Gnuchev NV, Georgiev GP, Korobko IV. Nanoantibodies for detection and blocking of bioactivity of human vascular endothelial growth factor a165. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:659-65. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912060132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Qian J, El Khoury G, Issa H, Al-Qaoud K, Shihab P, Lowe CR. A synthetic Protein G adsorbent based on the multi-component Ugi reaction for the purification of mammalian immunoglobulins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 898:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Safarnejad MR, Jouzani GS, Tabatabaie M, Twyman RM, Schillberg S. Antibody-mediated resistance against plant pathogens. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:961-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Nedospasov SA. Molecular immunology: At the border of centuries and at the interface of disciplines. Mol Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893311010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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