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Breivogel CS, Brenseke BM, Eldeeb K, Nichols K, Jonas A, Mistry AH, Barbalato L, Luibil N, Howlett AC, Leone-Kabler S, Hilgers RPH, Pulgar VM. Effects of Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and the Aminoalkylindole K2/Spice Constituent JWH-073 on Cardiac Tissue and Mesenteric Vascular Reactivity. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023. [PMID: 37010379 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although use of Cannabis sativa is not associated with serious adverse effects, recreational use of aminoalkylindole (AAI) cannabinoid receptor agonists found in K2/Spice herbal blends has been reported to cause adverse cardiovascular events, including angina, arrhythmia, changes in blood pressure, ischemic stroke, and myocardial infarction. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is the primary CB1 agonist found in cannabis and JWH-073 is one of the AAI CB1 agonists found in K2/Spice brands sold to the public. Methods: This study used in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo approaches to investigate potential differences on cardiac tissue and vascular effects betweenJWH-073 and Δ9-THC. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with JWH-073 or Δ9-THC and cardiac injury was assessed by histology. Effects of JWH-073 and Δ9-THC on H9C2 cell viability and ex vivo mesenteric vascular reactivity were also determined. Results: JWH-073 or Δ9-THC induced typical cannabinoid effects of antinociception and hypothermia but did not promote death of cardiac myocytes. No differences in cell viability were observed in cultured H9C2 cardiac myocytes after 24 h of treatment. In isolated mesenteric arteries from drug-naive animals, JWH-073 produced significantly greater maximal relaxation (96%±2% vs. 73%±5%, p<0.05) and significantly greater inhibition of phenylephrine-mediated maximal contraction (Control 174%±11%KMAX) compared with Δ9-THC (50%±17% vs. 119%±16%KMAX, p<0.05). Discussion: These findings suggest that neither cannabinoid at the concentrations/dose studied caused cardiac cell death, but JWH-073 has the potential for greater vascular adverse events than Δ9-THC through an increased vasodilatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris S Breivogel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bonnie M Brenseke
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Khalil Eldeeb
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
- Al Azhar Damietta Faculty of Medicine, New Damietta, Egypt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katlyn Nichols
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amreen Jonas
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Artik H Mistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura Barbalato
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas Luibil
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allyn C Howlett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sandra Leone-Kabler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rob P H Hilgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victor M Pulgar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Biomedical Research Infrastructure Center, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Gorbunov AS, Maslov LN, Tsibulnikov SY, Khaliulin IG, Tsepokina AV, Khutornaya MV, Kutikhin AG. CB-Receptor Agonist HU-210 Mimics the Postconditioning Phenomenon of Isolated Heart. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 162:27-29. [PMID: 27878734 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CB receptor agonist HU-210 exhibits an infarction-limiting effect during in vitro reperfusion of the heart after focal ischemia. This effect is paralleled by a decrease in left-ventricular developed pressure and double product. In addition, HU-210 reduces end-diastolic pressure during the reperfusion period, which indirectly attests to reduced Ca2+ overload of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Gorbunov
- Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L N Maslov
- Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | - A G Kutikhin
- Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
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Maslov LN, Khaliulin I, Zhang Y, Krylatov AV, Naryzhnaya NV, Mechoulam R, De Petrocellis L, Downey JM. Prospects for Creation of Cardioprotective Drugs Based on Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2015; 21:262-72. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248415612593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids can mimic the infarct-reducing effect of early ischemic preconditioning, delayed ischemic preconditioning, and ischemic postconditioning against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. They do this primarily through both CB1 and CB2 receptors. Cannabinoids are also involved in remote preconditioning of the heart. The cannabinoid receptor ligands also exhibit an antiapoptotic effect during ischemia/reperfusion of the heart. The acute cardioprotective effect of cannabinoids is mediated by activation of protein kinase C, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38 kinase. The delayed cardioprotective effect of cannabinoid anandamide is mediated via stimulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-Akt signaling pathway and enhancement of heat shock protein 72 expression. The delayed cardioprotective effect of another cannabinoid, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is associated with augmentation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase expression, but data on the involvement of NO synthase in the acute cardioprotective effect of cannabinoids are contradictory. The adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ channel is involved in the synthetic cannabinoid HU-210-induced cardiac resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cannabinoids inhibit Na+/Ca2+ exchange via peripheral cannabinoid receptor (CB2) activation that may also be related to the antiapoptotic and cardioprotective effects of cannabinoids. The cannabinoid receptor agonists should be considered as prospective group of compounds for creation of drugs that are able to protect the heart against ischemia–reperfusion injury in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid N. Maslov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor Khaliulin
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Andrey V. Krylatov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Naryzhnaya
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute for Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Raphael Mechoulam
- Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - James M. Downey
- Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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