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Guo X, Li L, Liu X, Zhang C, Yao X, Xun Z, Zhao Z, Yan W, Zou Y, Liu D, Li H, Lu H. MYB2 Is Important for Tapetal PCD and Pollen Development by Directly Activating Protease Expression in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073563. [PMID: 35408924 PMCID: PMC8998314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) is a complex biological process that plays an important role in pollen formation and reproduction. Here, we identified the MYB2 transcription factor expressed in the tapetum from stage 5 to stage 11 that was essential for tapetal PCD and pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Downregulation of MYB2 retarded tapetal degeneration, produced defective pollen, and decreased pollen vitality. EMSA and transcriptional activation analysis revealed that MYB2 acted as an upstream activator and directly regulated expression of the proteases CEP1 and βVPE. The expression of these proteases was lower in the buds of the myb2 mutant. Overexpression of either/both CEP1 or/and βVPE proteases partially recover pollen vitality in the myb2 background. Taken together, our results revealed that MYB2 regulates tapetal PCD and pollen development by directly activating expression of the proteases CEP1 and βVPE. Thus, a transcription factor/proteases regulatory and activated cascade was established for tapetal PCD during another development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Highlight: MYB2 is involved in tapetal PCD and pollen development by directly regulating expression of the protease CEP1 and βVPE and establishes a transcription factor/proteases regulatory and activated cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.G.); (H.L.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Lihong Li
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiatong Liu
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chong Zhang
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyun Yao
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhili Xun
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhijing Zhao
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wenwen Yan
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yirong Zou
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Di Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.G.); (H.L.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.G.); (H.L.)
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (Z.Z.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Nazarov PA, Baleev DN, Ivanova MI, Sokolova LM, Karakozova MV. Infectious Plant Diseases: Etiology, Current Status, Problems and Prospects in Plant Protection. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:46-59. [PMID: 33173596 PMCID: PMC7604890 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of diseases caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Infections affect plants at different stages of agricultural production. Depending on weather conditions and the phytosanitary condition of crops, the prevalence of diseases can reach 70-80% of the total plant population, and the yield can decrease in some cases down to 80-98%. Plants have innate cellular immunity, but specific phytopathogens have an ability to evade that immunity. This article examined phytopathogens of viral, fungal, and bacterial nature and explored the concepts of modern plant protection, methods of chemical, biological, and agrotechnical control, as well as modern methods used for identifying phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Nazarov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, 141701 Russia
- Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, VNIISSOK, Moscow region, 143080 Russia
| | - D. N. Baleev
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, 117216 Russia
| | - M. I. Ivanova
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing, Branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Vereya, Moscow region, 140153 Russia
| | - L. M. Sokolova
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing, Branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Vereya, Moscow region, 140153 Russia
| | - M. V. Karakozova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 121205 Russia
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Spungin D, Bidle KD, Berman-Frank I. Metacaspase involvement in programmed cell death of the marine cyanobacteriumTrichodesmium. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:667-681. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Spungin
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan, 5290002 Israel
| | - Kay D. Bidle
- Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ USA
| | - Ilana Berman-Frank
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan, 5290002 Israel
- Department of Marine Biology; Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa; Haifa Israel
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Chichkova NV, Galiullina RA, Mochalova LV, Trusova SV, Sobri ZM, Gallois P, Vartapetian AB. Arabidopsis thaliana phytaspase: identification and peculiar properties. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:171-179. [PMID: 32291031 DOI: 10.1071/fp16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytaspases are plant cell death-related proteases of the subtilisin-like protease family that possess an unusual aspartate cleavage specificity. Although phytaspase activity is widespread in plants, phytaspase of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. has escaped detection and identification thus far. Here, we show that a single gene (At4 g10540) out of 56 A. thaliana subtilisin-like protease genes encodes a phytaspase. The recombinant phytaspase was overproduced in Nicotiana benthamiana Domin leaves, isolated, and its substrate specificity and properties were characterised. At pH 5.5, at physiological mildly acidic reaction conditions, the Arabidopsis phytaspase was shown to be strictly Asp-specific. The strongly preferred cleavage motifs of the enzyme out of a panel of synthetic peptide substrates were YVAD and IETD, while the VEID-based substrate preferred by the tobacco and rice phytaspases was almost completely resistant to hydrolysis. At neutral pH, however, the Arabidopsis phytaspase could hydrolyse peptide substrates after two additional amino acid residues, His and Phe, in addition to Asp. This observation may indicate that the repertoire of Arabidopsis phytaspase targets could possibly be regulated by the conditions of the cellular environment. Similar to tobacco and rice phytaspases, the Arabidopsis enzyme was shown to accumulate in the apoplast of epidermal leaf cells. However, in stomatal cells Arabidopsis phytaspase was observed inside the cells, possibly co-localising with vacuole. Our study thus demonstrates that the Arabidopsis phytaspase possesses both important similarities with and distinctions from the already known phytaspases, and is likely to be the most divergent member of the phytaspase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina V Chichkova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Raisa A Galiullina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa V Mochalova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana V Trusova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Zulfazli M Sobri
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Patrick Gallois
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andrey B Vartapetian
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Narayanan S, Sanpui P, Sahoo L, Ghosh SS. Tobacco phytaspase: Successful expression in a heterologous system. Bioengineered 2017; 8:457-461. [PMID: 28282252 PMCID: PMC5639862 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2017.1292187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytaspase, a plant serine protease, has been demonstrated to play an important role in the programmed cell death of various plants. Phytaspase is synthesized as an inactive proenzyme containing an N-terminal signal peptide followed by a pro-domain and a mature protease catalytic domain. Pre-prophytaspase autocatalytically processes itself into a pro-domain and an active mature phytaspase enzyme. We have recently demonstrated the successful expression of mature phytaspase from tobacco in a bacterial system. Herein, we focus on the expression of pre-prophytaspase as a GST-tag fusion and on its purification by affinity chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pallab Sanpui
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
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Galiullina RA, Kasperkiewicz P, Chichkova NV, Szalek A, Serebryakova MV, Poreba M, Drag M, Vartapetian AB. Substrate Specificity and Possible Heterologous Targets of Phytaspase, a Plant Cell Death Protease. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24806-15. [PMID: 26283788 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.675819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants lack aspartate-specific cell death proteases homologous to animal caspases. Instead, a subtilisin-like serine-dependent plant protease named phytaspase shown to be involved in the accomplishment of programmed death of plant cells is able to hydrolyze a number of peptide-based caspase substrates. Here, we determined the substrate specificity of rice (Oryza sativa) phytaspase by using the positional scanning substrate combinatorial library approach. Phytaspase was shown to display an absolute specificity of hydrolysis after an aspartic acid residue. The preceding amino acid residues, however, significantly influence the efficiency of hydrolysis. Efficient phytaspase substrates demonstrated a remarkable preference for an aromatic amino acid residue in the P3 position. The deduced optimum phytaspase recognition motif has the sequence IWLD and is strikingly hydrophobic. The established pattern was confirmed through synthesis and kinetic analysis of cleavage of a set of optimized peptide substrates. An amino acid motif similar to the phytaspase cleavage site is shared by the human gastrointestinal peptide hormones gastrin and cholecystokinin. In agreement with the established enzyme specificity, phytaspase was shown to hydrolyze gastrin-1 and cholecystokinin at the predicted sites in vitro, thus destroying the active moieties of the hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa A Galiullina
- From the Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia and
| | - Paulina Kasperkiewicz
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nina V Chichkova
- From the Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia and
| | - Aleksandra Szalek
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marina V Serebryakova
- From the Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia and
| | - Marcin Poreba
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Drag
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrey B Vartapetian
- From the Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia and
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