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Ilyin SO. Structural Rheology in the Development and Study of Complex Polymer Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2458. [PMID: 39274091 PMCID: PMC11397847 DOI: 10.3390/polym16172458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The progress in polymer science and nanotechnology yields new colloidal and macromolecular objects and their combinations, which can be defined as complex polymer materials. The complexity may include a complicated composition and architecture of macromolecular chains, specific intermolecular interactions, an unusual phase behavior, and a structure of a multi-component polymer-containing material. Determination of a relation between the structure of a complex material, the structure and properties of its constituent elements, and the rheological properties of the material as a whole is the subject of structural rheology-a valuable tool for the development and study of novel materials. This work summarizes the author's structural-rheological studies of complex polymer materials for determining the conditions and rheo-manifestations of their micro- and nanostructuring. The complicated chemical composition of macromolecular chains and its role in polymer structuring via block segregation and cooperative hydrogen bonds in melt and solutions is considered using tri- and multiblock styrene/isoprene and vinyl acetate/vinyl alcohol copolymers. Specific molecular interactions are analyzed in solutions of cellulose; its acetate butyrate; a gelatin/carrageenan combination; and different acrylonitrile, oxadiazole, and benzimidazole copolymers. A homogeneous structuring may result from a conformational transition, a mesophase formation, or a macromolecular association caused by a complex chain composition or specific inter- and supramolecular interactions, which, however, may be masked by macromolecular entanglements when determining a rheological behavior. A heterogeneous structure formation implies a microscopic phase separation upon non-solvent addition, temperature change, or intense shear up to a macroscopic decomposition. Specific polymer/particle interactions have been examined using polyethylene oxide solutions, polyisobutylene melts, and cellulose gels containing solid particles of different nature, demonstrating the competition of macromolecular entanglements, interparticle interactions, and adsorption polymer/particle bonds in governing the rheological properties. Complex chain architecture has been considered using long-chain branched polybutylene-adipate-terephthalate and polyethylene melts, cross-linked sodium hyaluronate hydrogels, asphaltene solutions, and linear/highly-branched polydimethylsiloxane blends, showing that branching raises the viscosity and elasticity and can result in limited miscibility with linear isomonomer chains. Finally, some examples of composite adhesives, membranes, and greases as structured polymeric functional materials have been presented with the demonstration of the relation between their rheological and performance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Ilyin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Skvortsov IY, Maksimov NM, Kuzin MS, Toms RV, Varfolomeeva LA, Chernikova EV, Kulichikhin VG. Influence of Alkyl Acrylate Nature on Rheological Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Terpolymers Solutions, Spinnability and Mechanical Characteristics of Fibers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:ma16010107. [PMID: 36614445 PMCID: PMC9821233 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of alkyl acrylate comonomers in the rank of methyl- (MA), butyl- (BA), ethylhexyl- (EGA), and lauryl- (LA) in ternary copolymers based on acrylonitrile, alkyl acrylate and acrylamide (PAN-alkyl acrylate) on their solutions rheological behavior in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and mechanical properties of the spun fibers have been investigated. To reveal the role of molecular weight, two series of copolymers with molecular weights of ~50 and 150 kg/mol have been studied. It was shown that the nature of the alkyl acrylate does not significantly affect the rheological behavior of their solutions regardless of the length of the alkyl substituent and the content of the alkyl acrylate in copolymers. An exception is the high-molecular PAN-LA, which is characterized by a non-Newtonian behavior at lower concentrations. Two series of fibers were spun from the characterized ranks of low and high-molecular-weight copolymer solutions. For all copolymers, a 2.5-5-fold increase in the strength and elastic modulus of the fiber was found with an increase in Mw. It has been shown that PAN-MA and PAN-LA fibers have a tensile strength of 800 MPa that is 1.5-3 times higher than that of other copolymers spun in the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Yu. Skvortsov
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita M. Maksimov
- Faculty of Materials Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, Building 73, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Kuzin
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V. Toms
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after M.V. Lomonosov, MIREA–Russian Technological University, Vernadsky Ave., 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lydia A. Varfolomeeva
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, Building 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery G. Kulichikhin
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Named after A.V. Topchiev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Maksimov NM, Toms RV, Balashov MS, Gerval’d AY, Prokopov NI, Plutalova AV, Kuzin MS, Skvortsov IY, Kulichikhin VG, Chernikova EV. Novel Potential Precursor of Carbon Fiber Based on Copolymers of Acrylonitrile, Acrylamide, and Alkyl Acrylates. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090422700324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Toms RV, Balashov MS, Gervald AY, Prokopov NI, Plutalova AV, Chernikova EV. Reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer
based copolymers of acrylonitrile and alkyl acrylates as possible precursors for carbon fibers: synthesis and thermal behavior during stabilization. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Toms
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named by M.V. Lomonosov MIREA – Russian Technological University Moscow Russia
| | - Mikhail S Balashov
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named by M.V. Lomonosov MIREA – Russian Technological University Moscow Russia
| | - Alexander Y Gervald
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named by M.V. Lomonosov MIREA – Russian Technological University Moscow Russia
| | - Nickolay I Prokopov
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named by M.V. Lomonosov MIREA – Russian Technological University Moscow Russia
| | - Anna V Plutalova
- Faculty of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia
| | - Elena V Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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Toms RV, Balashov MS, Gervald AY, Prokopov NI, Plutalova AV, Berkovich AK, Chernikova EV. Influence of Synthesis Method on the Properties of Carbon Fiber Precursors Based on Acrylonitrile and Acrylic Acid Copolymers. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s156009042006010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chernikova EV, Toms RV, Gervald AY, Prokopov NI. Fiber-Forming Acrylonitrile Copolymers: From Synthesis to Properties of Carbon Fiber Precursors and Prospects for Industrial Production. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238220010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Toms RV, Balashov MS, Shaova AA, Gerval’d AY, Prokopov NI, Plutalova AV, Grebenkina NA, Chernikova EV. Copolymers of Acrylonitrile and Acrylic Acid: Effect of Composition and Distribution of Chain Units on the Thermal Behavior of Copolymers. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Stakhi SA, Grishin DF, Grishin ID. Determination of Monomer Reactivity Ratios in Controlled Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile with Unsaturated Methyl Esters. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kopeć M, Lamson M, Yuan R, Tang C, Kruk M, Zhong M, Matyjaszewski K, Kowalewski T. Polyacrylonitrile-derived nanostructured carbon materials. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ilyin SO, Baskakov AA, Chernikova EV, Kulichikhin VG. Rheological properties of acrylonitrile—acrylamide—styrene copolymer solutions synthesized by classical and controlled radical polymerizations. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chernikova EV, Toms RV, Prokopov NI, Duflot VR, Plutalova AV, Legkov SA, Gomzyak VI. Thermooxidative stabilization of acrylonitrile terpolymers obtained under reversible chain-transfer conditions: Effects of synthesis temperature and initiation method. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s156009041701002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ilyin SO, Makarova VV, Arinina MP, Litvinova EG, Khotimskii VS, Kulichikhin VG. Phase equilibrium and rheology of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) solutions. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x17010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ilyin SO, Chernikova EV, Kostina YV, Kulichikhin VG, Malkin AY. Viscosity of polyacrylonitrile solutions: The effect of the molecular weight. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x15040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chernikova EV, Kostina YV, Efimov MN, Prokopov NI, Gerval’d AY, Toms RV, Nikolaev AY, Shkirev MD. Homo- and copolymers of acrylonitrile: Effect of the reaction medium on the thermal behavior in an inert atmosphere. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090415020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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