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The Mechanisms of GPR55 Receptor Functional Selectivity during Apoptosis and Proliferation Regulation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065524. [PMID: 36982628 PMCID: PMC10054013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR55 is a non-canonical cannabinoid receptor, important for cancer proliferation. Depending on the ligand, it induces either cell proliferation or death. The objective of the study was to establish the mechanisms of this multidirectional signaling. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, the GPR55, CB1, CB2, and GPR18 receptor knockouts of the MDA-MB-231 line were obtained. After the CB2 receptor knockout, the pro-apoptotic activity of the pro-apoptotic ligand docosahexaenoyl dopamine (DHA-DA) slightly increased, while the pro-proliferative activity of the most active synthetic ligand of the GPR55 receptor (ML-184) completely disappeared. On the original cell line, the stimulatory effect of ML-184 was removed by the CB2 receptor blocker and by GPR55 receptor knockout. Thus, it can be confidently assumed that when proliferation is stimulated with the participation of the GPR55 receptor, a signal is transmitted from the CB2 receptor to the GPR55 receptor due to the formation of a heterodimer. GPR18 was additionally involved in the implementation of the pro-apoptotic effect of DHA-DA, while the CB1 receptor is not involved. In the implementation of the pro-apoptotic action of DHA-DA, the elimination of Gα13 led to a decrease in cytotoxicity. The obtained data provide novel details to the mechanism of the pro-proliferative action of GPR55.
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Chen R, Xu H, Guo Z, Zhang P, Chen J, Chen Z. CID16020046, a GPR55 antagonist, attenuates sepsis‑induced acute kidney injury. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:155. [PMID: 35244189 PMCID: PMC8941374 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common and serious complication of sepsis, and it is also the main cause of mortality in patients with sepsis. The G protein‑coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) inhibitor CID16020046 was found to suppress the inflammatory response in sepsis models in mice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of CID16020046 on AKI in sepsis mouse models and elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. A sepsis model in mice was established by cecal ligation/perforation (CLP). The expression levels of GPR55 in the serum of patients with sepsis and the renal tissues of septic mice were determined via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. The pathological injury of renal tissue was evaluated using H&E and periodic acid‑Schiff staining. ELISA was performed to detect the levels of renal injury‑related factors, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM1) and neutrophil gelatinase‑associated lipocalin (NGAL) in septic mice. Moreover, the levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines (TNF‑α, IL‑6 and IL‑1β) were detected via ELISA and western blotting. Apoptosis was determined using TUNEL staining and western blotting. The expression levels of Rho‑associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway‑related proteins (Ras homolog family member A, ROCK1 and ROCK2) was measured via western blotting. Finally, H&E staining was used to evaluate the effect of CID16020046 on various organs in mice. Compared with the control subjects, the expression level of GPR55 in the serum of patients with sepsis was significantly increased. Compared with the sham group, CID16020046 (20 mg/kg) significantly decreased the levels of BUN and Cre in the serum, as well as the contents of KIM1 and NGAL in the urine. Furthermore, CID16020046 significantly decreased the contents of TNF‑α, IL‑6 and IL‑1β in the serum and renal tissue of septic mice, and reduced cell apoptosis. In addition, CID16020046 effectively suppressed the expression levels of ROCK pathway‑related proteins, and H&E staining revealed that CID16020046 (20 mg/kg) had no toxic effect on the heart, liver, spleen or lung in normal mice. In conclusion, CID16020046 may prove useful for the development of drugs for the treatment of sepsis‑induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
| | - Zebin Guo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
| | - Jianxia Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, P.R. China
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Morris G, Walder K, Kloiber S, Amminger P, Berk M, Bortolasci CC, Maes M, Puri BK, Carvalho AF. The endocannabinoidome in neuropsychiatry: Opportunities and potential risks. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105729. [PMID: 34119623 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) comprises two cognate endocannabinoid receptors referred to as CB1R and CB2R. ECS dysregulation is apparent in neurodegenerative/neuro-psychiatric disorders including but not limited to schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and potentially bipolar disorder. The aim of this paper is to review mechanisms whereby both receptors may interact with neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative pathways, which play a pathophysiological role in these disorders. CB1R is located in the presynaptic terminals of GABAergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons where it regulates the retrograde suppression of neurotransmission. CB1R plays a key role in long-term depression, and, to a lesser extent, long-term potentiation, thereby modulating synaptic transmission and mediating learning and memory. Optimal CB1R activity plays an essential neuroprotective role by providing a defense against the development of glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, which is achieved, at least in part, by impeding AMPA-mediated increase in intracellular calcium overload and oxidative stress. Moreover, CB1R activity enables optimal neuron-glial communication and the function of the neurovascular unit. CB2R receptors are detected in peripheral immune cells and also in central nervous system regions including the striatum, basal ganglia, frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala as well as the ventral tegmental area. CB2R upregulation inhibits the presynaptic release of glutamate in several brain regions. CB2R activation also decreases neuroinflammation partly by mediating the transition from a predominantly neurotoxic "M1" microglial phenotype to a more neuroprotective "M2" phenotype. CB1R and CB2R are thus novel drug targets for the treatment of neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative disorders including schizophrenia and affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Stefan Kloiber
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Amminger
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Andre F Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
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Akimov MG, Gamisonia AM, Dudina PV, Gretskaya NM, Gaydaryova AA, Kuznetsov AS, Zinchenko GN, Bezuglov VV. GPR55 Receptor Activation by the N-Acyl Dopamine Family Lipids Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells via the Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Over-Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E622. [PMID: 33435517 PMCID: PMC7826688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR55 is a GPCR of the non-CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptor family, which is activated by lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and stimulates the proliferation of cancer cells. Anandamide, a bioactive lipid endocannabinoid, acts as a biased agonist of GPR55 and induces cancer cell death, but is unstable and psychoactive. We hypothesized that other endocannabinoids and structurally similar compounds, which are more hydrolytically stable, could also induce cancer cell death via GPR55 activation. We chemically synthesized and tested a set of fatty acid amides and esters for cell death induction via GPR55 activation. The most active compounds appeared to be N-acyl dopamines, especially N-docosahexaenoyl dopamine (DHA-DA). Using a panel of cancer cell lines and a set of receptor and intracellular signal transduction machinery inhibitors together with cell viability, Ca2+, NO, ROS (reactive oxygen species) and gene expression measurement, we showed for the first time that for these compounds, the mechanism of cell death induction differed from that published for anandamide and included neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) overstimulation with concomitant oxidative stress induction. The combination of DHA-DA with LPI, which normally stimulates cancer proliferation and is increased in cancer setting, had an increased cytotoxicity for the cancer cells indicating a therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G. Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia; (A.M.G.); (P.V.D.); (N.M.G.); (A.A.G.); (A.S.K.); (G.N.Z.); (V.V.B.)
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Akimov MG, Verma R, Sharma A, Sharma D, Kundu GC, Gretskaya NM, Bezuglov VV, Mandal CC. N-arachidonoyl dopamine inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through ERK signaling and decreasing the cellular cholesterol. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22693. [PMID: 33393692 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
N-acyl dopamines (NADAs) are bioactive lipids of the endovanilloid family with known cytotoxicity for the cancer cells; however, the available data on the participation of the endovanilloids in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness are controversial. This study unveils the inhibitory role of N-arachidonoyl dopamine (AA-DA), a typical representative of the NADA family, in breast cancer cell migration, EMT, and stemness. AA-DA treatment also led to a decrease in cholesterol biosynthesis gene expressions, and addition of exogenous cholesterol reverted these AA-DA-mediated inhibitory effects. Notably, AA-DA treatment inhibited the key regulatory gene of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), with concurrent repression of the endoplasmic reticulum kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. Furthermore, U0126, an ERK inhibitor, inhibited SREBP1 and decreased cellular cholesterol level, unwinding the molecular mechanism behind AA-DA-mediated anticancer activity. Thus, we, for the first time, revealed that AA-DA counteracts breast cancer EMT via inhibition of ERK signaling and cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mikhail G Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ranjeet Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Eminence, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Natalia M Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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Novosadova E, Antonov S, Arsenyeva E, Kobylanskiy A, Vanyushina Y, Malova T, Khaspekov L, Bobrov M, Bezuglov V, Tarantul V, Illarioshkin S, Grivennikov I. Neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of endocannabinoid-like compounds, N-arachidonoyl dopamine and N-docosahexaenoyl dopamine in differentiated cultures of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicology 2020; 82:108-118. [PMID: 33248189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The prominent protective effects in diverse neuron injury paradigms exerted by cannabinoids and in particular their endogenously produced species render the endocannabinoid system a promising molecular target in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effects of individual endocannabinoids in human cells remain poorly investigated. Neural derivatives of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) offer unique opportunities for studying the neuroprotective compounds and development of patient-specific treatment. For the first time the cytotoxic and neuroprotective effects endocannabinoids N-arachidonoyl dopamine (N-ADA) and N-docosahexaenoyl dopamine (N-DDA) were assessed in human neural progenitors and dopamine neurons derived from iPSCs of healthy donors and patients with Parkinson's disease. While the short-term treatment with the investigated compounds in 0.1-10 μM concentration range exerted no toxicity in these cell types, the long-term exposure to 0.1-5 μM N-ADA or N-DDA reduced the survival of human neural progenitors. At the same time, both N-ADA and N-DDA protected neural progenitors and terminally differentiated neurons both from healthy donors and patients with Parkinson's disease against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. The observed dramatic difference in the mode of action of N-acyl dopamines points on the possible existence of novel pathogenic mechanism of neurodegeneration induced by prolonged uncompensated production of these substances within neuronal tissue and should also be considered as a precaution in the future development of N-acyl dopamine-based therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Novosadova
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Stanislav Antonov
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Elena Arsenyeva
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Andrey Kobylanskiy
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Yulia Vanyushina
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Tatyana Malova
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | | | - Mikhail Bobrov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia; Kulakov Recearh Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 117997 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vyacheslav Tarantul
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | | | - Igor Grivennikov
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
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Akimov MG, Dudina PV, Gamisonia AM, Gretskaya NM, Zinchenko GN, Mandal CC, Bezuglov VV. The Influence of the Cholesterol Level in Cells on Endovanilloid Cytotoxicity. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2020; 493:167-170. [PMID: 32894457 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672920040018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the cellular cholesterol content on the cytotoxicity of endovanilloids acyldopamines was studied in MDA-MB-231 and MCF 10A cells. The activity of acyldopamines depends on the cellular cholesterol content, and a decrease in cholesterol content increases the cytotoxicity of acyldopamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P V Dudina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Gamisonia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - N M Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - G N Zinchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - C C Mandal
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH 8, Bandarsindri, 305817, Ajmer, Kishangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - V V Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Gretskaya NM, Gamisonia AM, Dudina PV, Zakharov SS, Sherstyanykh G, Akasov R, Burov S, Serkov IV, Akimov MG, Bezuglov VV, Markvicheva E. Novel bexarotene derivatives: Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation for glioma cells in 2D and 3D in vitro models. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173346. [PMID: 32659303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal form of brain cancer with a high invasion capacity and a lack of effective chemotherapeutics. Retinoid bexarotene (BXR) inhibits the neurospheroidal colony formation and migration of primary glioblastoma cells but has side effects. To enhance the BXR glioblastoma selectivity and cytotoxicity, we chemically modified it at the carboxyl group with either nitroethanolamine (NEA) bearing a NO-donating group (a well-known bioactivity enhancer; BXR-NEA) or with a dopamine (DA) moiety (to represent the highly toxic for various tumor cells N-acyldopamine family; BXR-DA). These two novel compounds were tested in the 2D (monolayer culture) and 3D (multicellular tumor spheroids) in vitro models. Both BXR-DA and BXR-NEA were found to be more toxic for rat C6 and human U-87MG glioma cells than the initial BXR. After 24 h incubation of the cells (monolayer culture) with the drugs, the IC50 values were in the range of 28-42, and 122-152 μM for BXR derivatives and BXR, respectively. The cell death occurred via apoptosis according to the annexin staining and caspase activation. The tumor spheroids demonstrated higher resistance to the treatment compared to that one of the monolayer cultures. BXR-DA and BXR-NEA were more specific against tumor cells than the parental drug, in particular the selectivity index was 1.8-2.7 vs. 1.3-1.5, respectively. Moreover, they inhibited cell migration more effectively than parental BXR according to a scratch assay. Cell spreading from the tumor spheroids was also inhibited. Thus, the obtained BXR derivatives could be promising for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina M Gamisonia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia; National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, academician Oparina str. 4, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina V Dudina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav S Zakharov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Sherstyanykh
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Akasov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Research Center, Crystallography and Photonic, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 59, 119333, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Burov
- J.S.Co. Cytomed, 199004, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor V Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Severniy Pr., 1, Russia
| | - Mikhail G Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vladimir V Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Markvicheva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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Ramer R, Schwarz R, Hinz B. Modulation of the Endocannabinoid System as a Potential Anticancer Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:430. [PMID: 31143113 PMCID: PMC6520667 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in cancer development and possible options for a cancer-regressive effect of cannabinoids are controversially discussed. In recent decades, a number of preclinical studies have shown that cannabinoids have an anticarcinogenic potential. Therefore, especially against the background of several legal simplifications with regard to the clinical application of cannabinoid-based drugs, an extended basic knowledge about the complex network of the individual components of the endocannabinoid system is required. The canonical endocannabinoid system consists of the endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol as well as the Gi/o protein-coupled transmembrane cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. As a result of extensive studies on the broader effect of these factors, other fatty acid derivatives, transmembrane and intracellular receptors, enzymes and lipid transporters have been identified that contribute to the effect of endocannabinoids when defined in the broad sense as “extended endocannabinoid system.” Among these additional components, the endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase, lipid transport proteins of the fatty acid-binding protein family, additional cannabinoid-activated G protein-coupled receptors such as GPR55, members of the transient receptor family, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors were identified as targets for possible strategies to combat cancer progression. Other endocannabinoid-related fatty acids such as 2-arachidonoyl glyceryl ether, O-arachidonoylethanolamine, N-arachidonoyldopamine and oleic acid amide showed an effect via cannabinoid receptors, while other compounds such as endocannabinoid-like substances exert a permissive action on endocannabinoid effects and act via alternative intracellular target structures. This review gives an overview of the modulation of the extended endocannabinoid system using the example of anticancer cannabinoid effects, which have been described in detail in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ramer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rico Schwarz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Schwarz R, Ramer R, Hinz B. Targeting the endocannabinoid system as a potential anticancer approach. Drug Metab Rev 2018; 50:26-53. [PMID: 29390896 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2018.1428344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is currently under intense investigation due to the therapeutic potential of cannabinoid-based drugs as treatment options for a broad variety of diseases including cancer. Besides the canonical endocannabinoid system that includes the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and the endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, recent investigations suggest that other fatty acid derivatives, receptors, enzymes, and lipid transporters likewise orchestrate this system as components of the endocannabinoid system when defined as an extended signaling network. As such, fatty acids acting at cannabinoid receptors (e.g. 2-arachidonoyl glyceryl ether [noladin ether], N-arachidonoyldopamine) as well as endocannabinoid-like substances that do not elicit cannabinoid receptor activation (e.g. N-palmitoylethanolamine, N-oleoylethanolamine) have raised interest as anticancerogenic substances. Furthermore, the endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase, lipid transport proteins of the fatty acid binding protein family, additional cannabinoid-activated G protein-coupled receptors, members of the transient receptor potential family as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors have been considered as targets of antitumoral cannabinoid activity. Therefore, this review focused on the antitumorigenic effects induced upon modulation of this extended endocannabinoid network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Schwarz
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Robert Ramer
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
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