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Khodayari A, Hirn U, Spirk S, Ogawa Y, Seveno D, Thielemans W. Advancing plant cell wall modelling: Atomistic insights into cellulose, disordered cellulose, and hemicelluloses - A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 343:122415. [PMID: 39174111 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The complexity of plant cell walls on different hierarchical levels still impedes the detailed understanding of biosynthetic pathways, interferes with processing in industry and finally limits applicability of cellulose materials. While there exist many challenges to readily accessing these hierarchies at (sub-) angström resolution, the development of advanced computational methods has the potential to unravel important questions in this field. Here, we summarize the contributions of molecular dynamics simulations in advancing the understanding of the physico-chemical properties of natural fibres. We aim to present a comprehensive view of the advancements and insights gained from molecular dynamics simulations in the field of carbohydrate polymers research. The review holds immense value as a vital reference for researchers seeking to undertake atomistic simulations of plant cell wall constituents. Its significance extends beyond the realm of molecular modeling and chemistry, as it offers a pathway to develop a more profound comprehension of plant cell wall chemistry, interactions, and behavior. By delving into these fundamental aspects, the review provides invaluable insights into future perspectives for exploration. Researchers within the molecular modeling and carbohydrates community can greatly benefit from this resource, enabling them to make significant strides in unraveling the intricacies of plant cell wall dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khodayari
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Ulrich Hirn
- Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 23, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Stefan Spirk
- Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 23, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Centre de recherches sur les macromolécules végétales, CERMAV-CNRS, CS40700, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - David Seveno
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Wim Thielemans
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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Wan J, Luo C. Accumulation of Hydrogen Bonds and van der Waals Interactions Determines Force Response between Two Parallel Cellulose Chains: Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6742-6750. [PMID: 38975805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the response forces between two parallel cellulose chains during the shearing and tearing processes by using steered molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that there are two logarithmic dependencies between response force and pulling speed in shearing processes but only one in tearing, according to Bell's equation by fitting the f-ln v curve. The mechanism is that there are 2-fold interactions determining the force response between two parallel cellulose chains resisting chain separation during a shearing process. Our results indicate that hydrogen bonds dominate the interchain interactions in the fast pull mode (FPM) for shearing, while van der Waals interactions dominate in the slow pull mode (SPM). For tearing, the one-by-one breaking of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions plays a main role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chuanfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Hua L, Shomali A, Zhang C, Coasne B, Derome D, Carmeliet J. Anisotropic Deformation in a Polymer Slab Subjected to Fluid Adsorption. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4382-4391. [PMID: 38349330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanoporous adsorbents can mechanically swell or shrink once upon the accumulation of guest fluid molecules at their internal surfaces or in their cavities. Existing theories in this field attribute such sorption-induced swelling to a tensile force, while shrinkage is always associated with a contractive force. In this study, however, we propose that the sorption-induced deformation of a porous architecture is not solely dictated by the stress conditions but can also be largely influenced by its mechanical anisotropy. In more detail, the sorption-induced deformation of a polymeric slab is investigated using a hybrid molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo algorithm. When subjected to water loading, the slab is found to swell along its normal direction and display an overall positive volumetric strain. Moreover, the surface roughness is enhanced as a response to the surface energy decrease induced by the water covering the slab external surface. Unexpectedly, the in-plane deformation of the slab material seems to be highly constrained, so that it is far below its normal counterpart. This anisotropy is enhanced when the slab thickness decreases. With a thickness of around 1.35 nm, an in-plane shrinkage is observed throughout the entire hygroscopic range. A theoretical analysis based on a poromechanical model suggests that the anisotropic mechanical properties, which are common for a slab material, are the essence of the constrained in-plane swelling or even shrinkage under the isotropic sorption-induced tensile forces. This study, unveiling overlooked mechanisms of sorption-induced shrinkage in mechanically anisotropic materials, provides new insights into this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingji Hua
- Chair of Building Physics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich), Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Ali Shomali
- Chair of Building Physics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich), Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chi Zhang
- Chair of Building Physics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich), Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Coasne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, Grenoble F-38000, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble F-38042, France
| | - Dominique Derome
- Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1K 2R1 Québec, Canada
| | - Jan Carmeliet
- Chair of Building Physics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich), Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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Aziz T, Haq F, Farid A, Kiran M, Faisal S, Ullah A, Ullah N, Bokhari A, Mubashir M, Chuah LF, Show PL. Challenges associated with cellulose composite material: Facet engineering and prospective. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115429. [PMID: 36746207 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide on earth. It has a large number of desirable properties. Its low toxicity makes it more useful for a variety of applications. Nowadays, its composites are used in most engineering fields. Composite consists of a polymer matrix and use as a reinforcing material. By reducing the cost of traditional fibers, it has an increasing demand for environment-friendly purposes. The use of these types of composites is inherent in moisture absorption with hindered natural fibers. This determines the reduction of polymer composite material. By appropriate chemical surface treatment of cellulose composite materials, the effect could be diminished. The most modern and advanced techniques and methods for the preparation of cellulose and polymer composites are discussed here. Cellulosic composites show a reinforcing effect on the polymer matrix as pointed out by mechanical characterization. Researchers tried their hard work to study different ways of converting various agricultural by-products into useful eco-friendly polymer composites for sustainable production. Cellulose plays building blocks, that are critical for polymer products and their engineering applications. The most common method used to prepare composites is in-situ polymerization. This help to increase the yields of cellulosic composites with a significant enhancement in thermal stability and mechanical properties. Recently, cellulose composites used as enhancing the incorporation of inorganic materials in multi-functional properties. Furthermore, we have summarized in this review the potential applications of cellulose composites in different fields like packaging, aerogels, hydrogels, and fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Aziz
- Westlake University, School of Engineering, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fazal Haq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, 29050, Pakistan.
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, 29050, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Kiran
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, 29050, Pakistan
| | - Shah Faisal
- Chemistry Department, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer, Life Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Naveed Ullah
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, 29050, Pakistan
| | - Awais Bokhari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mubashir
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lai Fatt Chuah
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Shakhbout Bin Sultan St - Zone 1, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
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Tensile behaviour of dislocated/crystalline cellulose fibrils at the nano scale. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 235:115946. [PMID: 32122482 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atomistic modelling of cellulose has widely been investigated for years using molecular dynamics simulations. In this paper, we model Iβ crystalline cellulose as well as develop a model including dislocations in between the crystal regions. The model including dislocations shows a tensile modulus of 109 GPa, 25% lower than that of the fully crystalline model (146 GPa). The change in dihedral angle preferences is analysed, and its effect on hydrogen bonding pattern is assessed. How presence of hydrogen bonds contributes to elastic properties of cellulose nano-fibrils is shown. Effect of water on the elastic modulus of fibrils is also investigated. Moreover, an illustration is given of how the tensile behaviour of fibrils is controlled by a synergy between the geometry changes occurring at the glycosidic linkage, reflected by specific torsional and glycosidic angles. These findings can be useful in further modelling of cellulosic fibrils at the atomistic and coarse-grained scales.
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