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McMahan ZH, Kulkarni S, Andrade F, Perin J, Zhang C, Hooper JE, Wigley FM, Rosen A, Pasricha PJ, Casciola-Rosen L. Anti-Gephyrin Antibodies: A Novel Specificity in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis and Lower Bowel Dysfunction. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:92-99. [PMID: 37530745 PMCID: PMC10834854 DOI: 10.1002/art.42667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies are clinically useful in phenotyping patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Gastrointestinal (GI) function is regulated by the enteric nervous system (ENS) and commonly impaired in SSc, suggesting that the SSc autoimmune response may target ENS antigens. We sought to identify novel anti-ENS autoantibodies with an aim to clinically phenotype SSc GI dysfunction. METHODS Serum from a patient with SSc with GI dysfunction but without defined SSc-associated autoantibodies was used for autoantibody discovery. Immunoprecipitations performed with murine myenteric plexus lysates were on-bead digested, and autoantigens were identified by mass spectrometry. Prevalence was determined, and clinical features associated with novel autoantibodies were evaluated in a SSc cohort using regression analyses. The expression of gephyrin in human GI tract tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We identified gephyrin as a novel SSc autoantigen. Anti-gephyrin antibodies were present in 9% of patients with SSc (16/188) and absent in healthy controls (0/46). Anti-gephyrin antibody-positive patients had higher constipation scores (1.00 vs 0.50, P = 0.02) and were more likely to have severe constipation and severe distention/bloating (46% vs 15%, P = 0.005; 54% vs 25%, P = 0.023, respectively). Anti-gephyrin antibody levels were significantly higher among patients with severe constipation (0.04 vs 0.00; P = 0.001) and severe distention and bloating (0.03 vs 0.004; P = 0.010). Severe constipation was associated with anti-gephyrin antibodies even in the adjusted model. Importantly, gephyrin was expressed in the ENS, which regulates gut motility. CONCLUSION Gephyrin is a novel ENS autoantigen that is expressed in human myenteric ganglia. Anti-gephyrin autoantibodies are associated with the presence and severity of constipation in patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subhash Kulkarni
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts, Boston
| | | | - Jamie Perin
- Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, Baltimore
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Kitamura K, Hoshino T, Okabe A, Fukuyo M, Rahmutulla B, Tanaka N, Kobayashi S, Tanaka T, Shida T, Ueda M, Minamoto T, Matsubara H, Kaneda A, Ishii H, Matsushita K. The Link of mRNA and rRNA Transcription by PUF60/FIR through TFIIH/P62 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17341. [PMID: 38139171 PMCID: PMC10743661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between mRNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription in cancer remains unclear. RNAP I and II possess a common N-terminal tail (NTT), RNA polymerase subunit RPB6, which interacts with P62 of transcription factor (TF) IIH, and is a common target for the link between mRNA and rRNA transcription. The mRNAs and rRNAs affected by FUBP1-interacting repressor (FIR) were assessed via RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis. An FIR, a c-myc transcriptional repressor, and its splicing form FIRΔexon2 were examined to interact with P62. Protein interaction was investigated via isothermal titration calorimetry measurements. FIR was found to contain a highly conserved region homologous to RPB6 that interacts with P62. FIRΔexon2 competed with FIR for P62 binding and coactivated transcription of mRNAs and rRNAs. Low-molecular-weight chemical compounds that bind to FIR and FIRΔexon2 were screened for cancer treatment. A low-molecular-weight chemical, BK697, which interacts with FIRΔexon2, inhibited tumor cell growth with rRNA suppression. In this study, a novel coactivation pathway for cancer-related mRNA and rRNA transcription through TFIIH/P62 by FIRΔexon2 was proposed. Direct evidence in X-ray crystallography is required in further studies to show the conformational difference between FIR and FIRΔexon2 that affects the P62-RBP6 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Kitamura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan; (K.K.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Molecular Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Okabe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (A.O.); (M.F.); (B.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Masaki Fukuyo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (A.O.); (M.F.); (B.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (A.O.); (M.F.); (B.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Nobuko Tanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan; (K.K.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Sohei Kobayashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan; (K.K.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
- Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, Health and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;
| | - Takashi Shida
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Mashiro Ueda
- Master’s Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (A.O.); (M.F.); (B.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan; (K.K.); (N.T.); (S.K.)
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Vílchez-Oya F, Balastegui Martin H, García-Martínez E, Corominas H. Not all autoantibodies are clinically relevant. Classic and novel autoantibodies in Sjögren’s syndrome: A critical review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1003054. [PMID: 36325321 PMCID: PMC9619091 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) is a heterogeneous systemic disease. The abnormal responses to La/SSB and Ro/SSA of both B-cells and T-cells are implicated as well as others, in the destruction of the epithelium of the exocrine glands, whose tissue characteristically shows a peri-epithelial lymphocytic infiltration that can vary from sicca syndrome to systemic disease and lymphoma. Despite the appearance of new autoantibodies, anti-Ro/SSA is still the only autoantibody included in the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria and is used extensively as a traditional biomarker in clinical practice. The study and findings of new autoantibodies in SjS has risen in the previous decade, with a central role given to diagnosis and elucidating new aspects of SjS physiopathology, while raising the opportunity to establish clinical phenotypes with the goal of predicting long-term complications. In this paper, we critically review the classic and the novel autoantibodies in SjS, analyzing the methods employed for detection, the pathogenic role and the wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Vílchez-Oya
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine Section, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - E. García-Martínez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hèctor Corominas
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Hèctor Corominas,
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Wang JY, Zhang W, Roehrl VB, Roehrl MW, Roehrl MH. An Autoantigen Atlas From Human Lung HFL1 Cells Offers Clues to Neurological and Diverse Autoimmune Manifestations of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831849. [PMID: 35401574 PMCID: PMC8987778 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is accompanied by a myriad of both transient and long-lasting autoimmune responses. Dermatan sulfate (DS), a glycosaminoglycan crucial for wound healing, has unique affinity for autoantigens (autoAgs) from apoptotic cells. DS-autoAg complexes are capable of stimulating autoreactive B cells and autoantibody production. We used DS-affinity proteomics to define the autoantigen-ome of lung fibroblasts and bioinformatics analyses to study the relationship between autoantigenic proteins and COVID-induced alterations. Using DS-affinity, we identified an autoantigen-ome of 408 proteins from human HFL1 cells, at least 231 of which are known autoAgs. Comparing with available COVID data, 352 proteins of the autoantigen-ome have thus far been found to be altered at protein or RNA levels in SARS-CoV-2 infection, 210 of which are known autoAgs. The COVID-altered proteins are significantly associated with RNA metabolism, translation, vesicles and vesicle transport, cell death, supramolecular fibrils, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, and interleukin signaling. They offer clues to neurological problems, fibrosis, smooth muscle dysfunction, and thrombosis. In particular, 150 altered proteins are related to the nervous system, including axon, myelin sheath, neuron projection, neuronal cell body, and olfactory bulb. An association with the melanosome is also identified. The findings from our study illustrate a connection between COVID infection and autoimmunity. The vast number of COVID-altered proteins with high intrinsic propensity to become autoAgs offers an explanation for the diverse autoimmune complications in COVID patients. The variety of autoAgs related to mRNA metabolism, translation, and vesicles suggests a need for long-term monitoring of autoimmunity in COVID. The COVID autoantigen atlas we are establishing provides a detailed molecular map for further investigation of autoimmune sequelae of the pandemic, such as “long COVID” syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Y. Wang
- Curandis, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Julia Y. Wang, ; Michael H. Roehrl,
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | | | | | - Michael H. Roehrl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Julia Y. Wang, ; Michael H. Roehrl,
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5
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Muthukumar A, Narasimhan M, Li QZ, Mahimainathan L, Hitto I, Fuda F, Batra K, Jiang X, Zhu C, Schoggins J, Cutrell JB, Croft CL, Khera A, Drazner MH, Grodin JL, Greenberg BM, Mammen PP, Morrison SJ, de Lemos JA. In-Depth Evaluation of a Case of Presumed Myocarditis After the Second Dose of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine. Circulation 2021; 144:487-498. [PMID: 34133883 PMCID: PMC8340727 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alagarraju Muthukumar
- Department of Pathology (A.M., M.N., L.M., I.H., F.F.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pathology (A.M., M.N., L.M., I.H., F.F.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology (Q.-Z.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Lenin Mahimainathan
- Department of Pathology (A.M., M.N., L.M., I.H., F.F.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Imran Hitto
- Department of Pathology (A.M., M.N., L.M., I.H., F.F.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Franklin Fuda
- Department of Pathology (A.M., M.N., L.M., I.H., F.F.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Kiran Batra
- Department of Radiology (K.B.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - John Schoggins
- Department of Microbiology (J.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - James B. Cutrell
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Carol L. Croft
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Amit Khera
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Mark H. Drazner
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Justin L. Grodin
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Benjamin M. Greenberg
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics (B.M.G.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Department of Pediatrics (B.M.G.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Pradeep P.A. Mammen
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sean J. Morrison
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.J.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute (S.J.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - James A. de Lemos
- Department of Internal Medicine (Q.-Z.L., X.J., C.Z., J.B.C., C.L.C., A.K., M.H.D., J.L.G., P.P.A.M., J.A.d.L.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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Wang JY, Roehrl MW, Roehrl VB, Roehrl MH. A Master Autoantigen-ome Links Alternative Splicing, Female Predilection, and COVID-19 to Autoimmune Diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.07.30.454526. [PMID: 34373855 PMCID: PMC8351778 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.30.454526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic and debilitating autoimmune sequelae pose a grave concern for the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Based on our discovery that the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate (DS) displays peculiar affinity to apoptotic cells and autoantigens (autoAgs) and that DS-autoAg complexes cooperatively stimulate autoreactive B1 cell responses, we compiled a database of 751 candidate autoAgs from six human cell types. At least 657 of these have been found to be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection based on currently available multi-omic COVID data, and at least 400 are confirmed targets of autoantibodies in a wide array of autoimmune diseases and cancer. The autoantigen-ome is significantly associated with various processes in viral infections, such as translation, protein processing, and vesicle transport. Interestingly, the coding genes of autoAgs predominantly contain multiple exons with many possible alternative splicing variants, short transcripts, and short UTR lengths. These observations and the finding that numerous autoAgs involved in RNA-splicing showed altered expression in viral infections suggest that viruses exploit alternative splicing to reprogram host cell machinery to ensure viral replication and survival. While each cell type gives rise to a unique pool of autoAgs, 39 common autoAgs associated with cell stress and apoptosis were identified from all six cell types, with several being known markers of systemic autoimmune diseases. In particular, the common autoAg UBA1 that catalyzes the first step in ubiquitination is encoded by an X-chromosome escape gene. Given its essential function in apoptotic cell clearance and that X-inactivation escape tends to increase with aging, UBA1 dysfunction can therefore predispose aging women to autoimmune disorders. In summary, we propose a model of how viral infections lead to extensive molecular alterations and host cell death, autoimmune responses facilitated by autoAg-DS complexes, and ultimately autoimmune diseases. Overall, this master autoantigen-ome provides a molecular guide for investigating the myriad of autoimmune sequalae to COVID-19 and clues to the rare but reported adverse effects of the currently available COVID vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael H. Roehrl
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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Fritzler MJ, Choi MY, Satoh M, Mahler M. Autoantibody Discovery, Assay Development and Adoption: Death Valley, the Sea of Survival and Beyond. Front Immunol 2021; 12:679613. [PMID: 34122443 PMCID: PMC8191456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dating to the discovery of the Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cell in 1948, there has been a dramatic growth in the discovery of unique autoantibodies and their cognate targets, all of which has led to the availability and use of autoantibody testing for a broad spectrum of autoimmune diseases. Most studies of the sensitivity, specificity, commutability, and harmonization of autoantibody testing have focused on widely available, commercially developed and agency-certified autoantibody kits. However, this is only a small part of the spectrum of autoantibody tests that are provided through laboratories world-wide. This manuscript will review the wider spectrum of testing by exploring the innovation pathway that begins with autoantibody discovery followed by assessment of clinical relevance, accuracy, validation, and then consideration of regulatory requirements as an approved diagnostic test. Some tests are offered as "Research Use Only (RUO)", some as "Laboratory Developed Tests (LDT)", some enter Health Technology Assessment (HTA) pathways, while others are relegated to a "death valley" of autoantibody discovery and become "orphan" autoantibodies. Those that achieve regulatory approval are further threatened by the business world's "Darwinian Sea of Survival". As one example of the trappings of autoantibody progression or failure, it is reported that more than 200 different autoantibodies have been described in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a small handful (~10%) of these have achieved regulatory approval and are widely available as commercial diagnostic kits, while a few others may be available as RUO or LDT assays. However, the vast majority (90%) are orphaned and languish in an autoantibody 'death valley'. This review proposes that it is important to keep an inventory of these "orphan autoantibodies" in 'death valley' because, with the increasing availability of multi-analyte arrays and artificial intelligence (MAAI), some can be rescued to achieve a useful role in clinical diagnostic especially in light of patient stratification and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - May Y Choi
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Michael Mahler
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, United States
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Gwathmey KG, Satkowiak K. Peripheral nervous system manifestations of rheumatological diseases. J Neurol Sci 2021; 424:117421. [PMID: 33824004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatological diseases result in immune-mediated injury to not only connective tissue, but often components of the peripheral nervous system. These overlap conditions can be broadly categorized as peripheral neuropathies and overlap myositis. The peripheral neuropathies are distinctive as many have unusual presentations such as non-length-dependent, small fiber neuropathies and sensory neuronopathies (both due to dorsal root ganglia dysfunction), multiple mononeuropathies (e.g. vasculitic neuropathies), and even cranial neuropathies. Overlap myositis is increasingly recognized and is often associated with specific autoantibodies. Sarcoidosis also has widespread neurological manifestations and impacts both the peripheral nerves and muscle. Much work is needed to fully characterize the vast presentations of these overlap diseases. Given the rarity of these disorders, they are understudied, resulting in significant knowledge gaps with regards to their underlying pathophysiology and the best treatment approach. A basic knowledge of these disorders is mandatory for both practicing rheumatologists and neurologists as prompt recognition and early initiation of immunotherapy may prevent significant morbidity and permanent disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly G Gwathmey
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Neurology, 1101 E Marshall St., PO Box 980599, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Kelsey Satkowiak
- University of Virginia, Department of Neurology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Paik JJ, Casciola-Rosen L, Shin JY, Albayda J, Tiniakou E, Leung DG, Gutierrez-Alamillo L, Perin J, Florea L, Antonescu C, Leung SG, Purwin G, Koenig A, Christopher-Stine L. Study of Tofacitinib in Refractory Dermatomyositis: An Open-Label Pilot Study of Ten Patients. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:858-865. [PMID: 33258553 DOI: 10.1002/art.41602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This open-label 12-week study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, in treatment-refractory active dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS Tofacitinib in extended-release doses of 11 mg was administered daily to 10 subjects with DM. Prior to treatment, a complete washout of all steroid-sparing agents was performed. The primary outcome measure was assessment of disease activity improvement based on the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies group definition of improvement. Response rate was measured as the total improvement score according to the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) myositis response criteria. Secondary outcome measures included Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) scores, chemokine levels, immunohistochemical analysis of STAT1 expression in the skin, RNA sequencing analysis, and safety. RESULTS At 12 weeks, the primary outcome was met in all 10 subjects. Five (50%) of 10 subjects experienced moderate improvement in disease activity, and the other 50% experienced minimal improvement according to the 2016 ACR/EULAR myositis response criteria. The secondary outcome of the mean change in the CDASI activity score over 12 weeks was statistically significant (mean ± SD 28 ± 15.4 at baseline versus 9.5 ± 8.5 at 12 weeks) (P = 0.0005). Serum chemokine levels of CXCL9/CXCL10 showed a statistically significant change from baseline. A marked decrease in STAT1 signaling in association with suppression of interferon target gene expression was demonstrated in 3 of 9 skin biopsy samples from subjects with dermatomyositis. The mean ± SD level of creatine kinase in the 10 subjects at baseline was 82 ± 34.8 IU/liter, highlighting that disease activity was predominantly located in the skin. CONCLUSION This is the first prospective, open-label clinical trial of tofacitinib in DM that demonstrates strong clinical efficacy of a pan-JAK inhibitor, as measured by validated myositis response criteria. Future randomized controlled trials using JAK inhibitors should be considered for treating DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie J Paik
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | - Jemima Albayda
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eleni Tiniakou
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Doris G Leung
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Jamie Perin
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liliana Florea
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Corina Antonescu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sherry G Leung
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Grazyna Purwin
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Wang JY, Zhang W, Roehrl MW, Roehrl VB, Roehrl MH. An Autoantigen Atlas from Human Lung HFL1 Cells Offers Clues to Neurological and Diverse Autoimmune Manifestations of COVID-19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.01.24.427965. [PMID: 33501444 PMCID: PMC7836114 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.24.427965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is accompanied by a myriad of both transient and long-lasting autoimmune responses. Dermatan sulfate (DS), a glycosaminoglycan crucial for wound healing, has unique affinity for autoantigens (autoAgs) from apoptotic cells. DS-autoAg complexes are capable of stimulating autoreactive B cells and autoantibody production. Using DS affinity, we identified an autoantigenome of 408 proteins from human fetal lung fibroblast HFL11 cells, at least 231 of which are known autoAgs. Comparing with available COVID data, 352 proteins of the autoantigenome have thus far been found to be altered at protein or RNA levels in SARS-Cov-2 infection, 210 of which are known autoAgs. The COVID-altered proteins are significantly associated with RNA metabolism, translation, vesicles and vesicle transport, cell death, supramolecular fibrils, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, and interleukin signaling. They offer clues to neurological problems, fibrosis, smooth muscle dysfunction, and thrombosis. In particular, 150 altered proteins are related to the nervous system, including axon, myelin sheath, neuron projection, neuronal cell body, and olfactory bulb. An association with the melanosome is also identified. The findings from our study illustrate a strong connection between viral infection and autoimmunity. The vast number of COVID-altered proteins with propensity to become autoAgs offers an explanation for the diverse autoimmune complications in COVID patients. The variety of autoAgs related to mRNA metabolism, translation, and vesicles raises concerns about potential adverse effects of mRNA vaccines. The COVID autoantigen atlas we are establishing provides a detailed molecular map for further investigation of autoimmune sequelae of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | | | | | - Michael H. Roehrl
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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11
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Kobayashi S, Hiwasa T, Ishige T, Kano M, Hoshino T, Rahmutulla B, Seimiya M, Shimada H, Nomura F, Matsubara H, Matsushita K. Anti-FIRΔexon2 autoantibody as a novel indicator for better overall survival in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:847-858. [PMID: 33306856 PMCID: PMC7894018 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no clinically available biomarker for efficiently indicating the overall survival or therapy response of gastric cancer (GC). The autoantibodies (Abs) in the sera of anti‐far‐upstream element‐binding protein‐interacting repressor‐lacking exon2 (FIRΔexon2), anti‐sorting nexin 15, and anti‐spermatogenesis and oogenesis–specific basic helix–loop–helix 1 were markedly higher in GC patients than in healthy donors (HDs). These Abs were identified by large‐scale serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning screenings and their expression levels were evaluated by amplified luminescence proximity homogeneous assay. In particular, compared with age‐matched HDs, the level of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs in GC patients was significantly higher (P < .001). The Spearman's rank correlation analysis between anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs and clinically available tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was statistically insignificant, indicating that FIRΔexon2 Abs is an independent biomarker. We performed receiver‐operating curve analysis to evaluate the anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab as a candidate biomarker with CEA and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9). The overall survival of GC patients with high anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs titer was significantly favorable (P = .04) than that of GC patients who were below detection level of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs. However, clinical stages were not apparently correlated with the levels of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab, CEA, and CA19‐9. In conclusion, anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs detected in GC patients is a potential biomarker for monitoring a better prognosis. Hence, anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs is a promising biomarker for indicating better overall survival of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Kobayashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology & Sciences, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Seimiya
- Department of Medical Technology & Sciences, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of recent discoveries related to myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) and assays used for their measurement. RECENT FINDINGS New autoantibody specificities have been reported including a MSA directed against eukaryotic initiation factor 3 and a myositis-associated autoantibody directed against heat shock factor 1. The association of anti-TIF1γ with cancer-associated dermatomyositis dependent on age has been confirmed in several large cohorts. Despite MSAs being almost entirely mutually exclusive, several myositis autoantigens are overexpressed in regenerating muscle and do not correlate with the corresponding MSA in any one patient. Further mechanisms may determine the final MSA specificity and are likely to include the need for autoantigen processing and presentation with adaptive T-cell help. The presence of CD4-positive T cells specific for histidyl tRNA synthetase protein in bronchial lavage fluid from antisynthetase patients lends support to this view. Finally, it is widely held that MSA do play an important role in clinical practice among some evidence and concern about commercial assay reliability. SUMMARY MSAs continue to provide important tools for clinical diagnosis and management as well as insights into disease mechanisms. Further improvement in the standardization and reliability of routine detection of MSAs is a high priority.
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Parisis D, Chivasso C, Perret J, Soyfoo MS, Delporte C. Current State of Knowledge on Primary Sjögren's Syndrome, an Autoimmune Exocrinopathy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2299. [PMID: 32698400 PMCID: PMC7408693 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, whereby sicca syndrome and/or systemic manifestations are the clinical hallmarks, associated with a particular autoantibody profile. pSS is the most frequent connective tissue disease after rheumatoid arthritis, affecting 0.3-3% of the population. Women are more prone to develop pSS than men, with a sex ratio of 9:1. Considered in the past as innocent collateral passive victims of autoimmunity, the epithelial cells of the salivary glands are now known to play an active role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aetiology of the "autoimmune epithelitis" still remains unknown, but certainly involves genetic, environmental and hormonal factors. Later during the disease evolution, the subsequent chronic activation of B cells can lead to the development of systemic manifestations or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The aim of the present comprehensive review is to provide the current state of knowledge on pSS. The review addresses the clinical manifestations and complications of the disease, the diagnostic workup, the pathogenic mechanisms and the therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Parisis
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | | | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
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14
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Kobayashi S, Hiwasa T, Ishige T, Rahmutulla B, Kano M, Hoshino T, Minamoto T, Shimada H, Nomura F, Matsubara H, Matsushita K. Anti-FIRΔexon2, a splicing variant form of PUF60, autoantibody is detected in the sera of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2004-2013. [PMID: 30980774 PMCID: PMC6549911 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti‐PUF60 autoantibodies are reportedly detected in the sera of patients with dermatomyositis and Sjögren's syndrome; however, little is known regarding its existence in the sera of cancer patients. FIR, a splicing variant of the PUF60 gene, is a transcriptional repressor of c‐myc. In colorectal cancer, there is an overexpression of the dominant negative form of FIR, in which exon 2 is lacking (FIRΔexon2). Previously, large‐scale SEREX (serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning) screenings have identified anti‐FIR autoantibodies in the sera of cancer patients. In the present study, we revealed the presence and significance of anti‐FIR (FIR/FIRΔexon2) Abs in the sera of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our results were validated by an amplified luminescence proximity homogeneous assay using sera of patients with various cancer types. We revealed that anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab had higher sensitivity than anti‐FIR Ab. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied for evaluating the use of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab as candidate markers such as anti‐p53 Ab and carcinoembryonic antigen, and the highest area under the ROC curve was observed in the combination of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab and anti‐p53 Ab. In summary, our results suggest the use of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Ab in combination with the anti‐p53 Ab as a predictive marker for ESCC. The area under the ROC curve was further increased in the advanced stage of ESCC. The value of anti‐FIRΔexon2 autoantibody as novel clinical indicator against ESCC and as a companion diagnostic tool is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Kobayashi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Kanazawa University, Cancer Research Institute, Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Paramalingam S, Counsel P, Mastaglia FL, Keen H, Needham M. Imaging in the diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; indications and utility. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:173-184. [PMID: 30661408 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1572507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases that carry a significant morbidity and mortality risk. The utilization of imaging in the diagnostic pathway of IIM is therefore important to obtain early diagnosis and even monitor patients over time. Areas covered: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the main imaging modality used to detect myositis but limitations include cost and accessibility, leading to delays in time to scan, and patient contraindications. This has led to the exploration of other imaging techniques to diagnose and monitor response to therapy. This article is based primarily on a literature search via PubMed using Boolean terms 'myositis' and the various imaging modalities. Expert opinion: Imaging is sensitive to pathology in IIM and may contribute to the diagnostic process. Learning how specific imaging features can distinguish different forms of IIM may allow more rapid diagnosis of myositis subtype and treatment planning, and to monitor disease activity particularly in patients who respond poorly to treatment. However, more work is needed to investigate the validity and relative utility of these imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Paramalingam
- a Department of Rheumatology , Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch , Australia.,b School of Medicine , Notre Dame University Australia , Fremantle , Australia
| | - Peter Counsel
- c Department of Radiology , Perth Radiology Clinic , Subiaco , Australia.,d Department of Radiology , Perth Children's Hospital , Nedlands , Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- e School of Medicine , University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia.,f Department of Neurology , Perron Institute for Neurological and translational science , Nedlands , Australia
| | - Helen Keen
- a Department of Rheumatology , Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch , Australia.,e School of Medicine , University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia.,g School of Medicine , Murdoch University , Murdoch , Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- b School of Medicine , Notre Dame University Australia , Fremantle , Australia.,g School of Medicine , Murdoch University , Murdoch , Australia.,h Department of Neurology , Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch , Australia
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16
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Current and Emerging Evidence for Toll-Like Receptor Activation in Sjögren's Syndrome. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1246818. [PMID: 30671484 PMCID: PMC6317121 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1246818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While the importance of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is well established in many autoimmune diseases, the role of TLR activation in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is poorly understood. Studies in mice and humans reveal that TLRs are potent mediators of inflammation in SS. TLRs are expressed and functional in salivary tissue, and TLRs in peripheral blood cells of SS patients are also upregulated and hyperresponsive to ligation. In this review, we will detail observations in mouse models regarding the importance of TLR activation in both local and systemic disease. We will then discuss studies in SS patients that provide evidence of the importance of TLR-mediated signaling in disease. While the ligands that activate TLRs in the context of SS are unknown, emerging data suggest that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) may be significant drivers of the chronic and unremitting inflammation that is characteristic of SS. We will discuss putative DAMPs that may be of clinical significance in disease. Therapies that target TLR signaling cascades will likely reduce both exocrine-specific and systemic manifestations of SS.
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17
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Martín-Nares E, Hernández-Molina G. Novel autoantibodies in Sjögren's syndrome: A comprehensive review. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 18:192-198. [PMID: 30572138 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by immune- mediated injury of exocrine glands, as well as a diverse array of extraglandular manifestations. B cell over-activation is a key feature of the disease, attested by the wide spectrum of autoantibodies detected in these patients. Up to date, anti- Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies are traditional biomarkers for disease classification and diagnosis. On the other hand, the detection of novel autoantibodies in SS has increased in the last years, opening a window of opportunity to denote particular stages of the disease, to establish clinical phenotypes, and to predict long-term complications such as lymphoma. For instance, anti-SP-1, anti-CA6 and anti-PSP antibodies occur in an earlier stage than anti-Ro/La antibodies, and may identify a subset of primary Sjögren's syndrome patients with mild or incomplete disease, whereas anti-cofilin-1, anti- alpha-enolase and anti-RGI2 antibodies are potential biomarkers of MALT lymphoma. Antibody detection is also important to elucidate new aspects of SS pathophysiology, and in the future to permit a phenotype-specific patient approach. Herein we review the literature regarding new autoantibodies in SS and attempt to dissect their usefulness as diagnostic tools, pathogenic role, identification of clinical phenotypes and as predictors of an overlap syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Martín-Nares
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI., CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Molina
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI., CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico..
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18
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19
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Xu Q, Li CY, Wang Y, Li HP, Wu BB, Jiang YH, Xu X. Role of PUF60 gene in Verheij syndrome: a case report of the first Chinese Han patient with a de novo pathogenic variant and review of the literature. BMC Med Genomics 2018; 11:92. [PMID: 30352594 PMCID: PMC6199733 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Verheij syndrome is a rare microdeletion syndrome of chromosome 8q24.3 that harbors PUF60, SCRIB, and NRBP2 genes. Subsequently, loss of function mutations in PUF60 have been found in children with clinical features significantly overlapping with Verheij. Case presentation Here we present the first Chinese Han patient with a de novo nonsense variant (c.1357C > T, p.Gln453*) in PUF60 by clinical whole exome sequencing. The 5-year-old boy presents with dysmorphic facial features, intellectual disability, and growth retardation but without apparent cardiac, renal, ocular, and spinal anomalies. Conclusions Our finding contributes to the understanding of the genotype and phenotype in PUF60 related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xu
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Chun-Yang Li
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Hui-Ping Li
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Bing-Bing Wu
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Cellular Molecular Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiu Xu
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Health Care Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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20
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Migkos MP, Sarmas I, Somarakis GA, Voulgari PV, Tsamis KI, Drosos AA. Sjögren Syndrome Associated with Inflammatory Muscle Diseases. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2018; 29:92-96. [PMID: 32185307 PMCID: PMC7046074 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.29.2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by diminished lacrimal and salivary gland function that may affect multiple organ systems. The association of SS with inflammatory myopathies (IM), a group of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation of striated muscle and skin has been infrequently described. Methods: We present two cases diagnosed with SS who developed IM. We have also conducted a review of the English literature to depict all available clinical evidence on the clinical association of SS with IM. Results: Two female patients diagnosed with SS developed polymyositis (PM) and inclusion body myositis (IBM) respectively. The literature review identified 24 cases with coexistence of the two autoimmune conditions (SS and IM). Twenty-two patients were females and two males. Eight patients were diagnosed with IBM, 15 were diagnosed with PM and 1 with dermatomyositis. All patients had biopsy proven IM. Conclusions: There is evidence of clinical association of primary SS and IM especially with IBM and PM. Patients with SS and symptoms of muscle weakness should be investigated for associated IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail P Migkos
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina Greece
| | - Ioannis Sarmas
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - George A Somarakis
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Tsamis
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros A Drosos
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina Greece
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21
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Zhang YM, Yang HB, Shi JL, Chen H, Shu XM, Lu X, Wang GC, Peng QL. The prevalence and clinical significance of anti-PUF60 antibodies in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Clin Rheumatol 2018. [PMID: 29541951 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies against poly-U-binding factor 60 kDa protein (PUF60) have been reported in Caucasian dermatomyositis (DM) patients. However, their clinical significance in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) remains to be fully clarified. Our objective was to analyze the prevalence and clinical significance of anti-PUF60 antibodies in a large cohort of Chinese IIM patients. In our study, 388 IIM patients, 301 disease controls, and 167 healthy controls (HCs) were involved. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect serum anti-PUF60 levels and was validated using immunoblotting methods. Unpaired Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation analysis were used when appropriate. Anti-PUF60 antibodies were observed in IIM patients at a frequency of 10.6% (41/388). Subgrouping analysis revealed that the prevalence of anti-PUF60 antibodies was 10% in DM, 5.5% in polymyositis (PM), 10% in immune-mediated necrotizing myositis (IMNM), and 26.5% in myositis-overlap syndrome. Anti-PUF60 antibodies were also observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients at a positive rate of 17.3, 14.5, and 10.1% respectively. Intriguingly, anti-PUF60 antibodies were frequently observed in clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) patients and DM patients without currently known myositis autoantibodies. Furthermore, DM patients with anti-PUF60 antibodies had higher prevalence of skin ulcerations. Moreover, longitudinal investigation in eight DM patients with anti-PUF60 antibodies revealed that the antibodies levels decreased with disease remission. Anti-PUF60 antibodies were nonspecific for myositis, since they could be detected in other rheumatic diseases. Further investigation of anti-PUF60 antibodies may reveal shared pathogenic pathways in systemic autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Mei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Han-Bo Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing-Li Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guo-Chun Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qing-Lin Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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22
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Kobayashi S, Hoshino T, Hiwasa T, Satoh M, Rahmutulla B, Tsuchida S, Komukai Y, Tanaka T, Matsubara H, Shimada H, Nomura F, Matsushita K. Anti-FIRs (PUF60) auto-antibodies are detected in the sera of early-stage colon cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82493-82503. [PMID: 27756887 PMCID: PMC5347708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-PUF60, poly(U)-binding-splicing factor, autoantibodies are reported to be detected in the sera of dermatomyositis and Sjogren's syndrome that occasionally associated with malignancies. PUF60 is identical with far-upstream element-binding protein-interacting repressor (FIR) that is a transcriptional repressor of c-myc gene. In colorectal cancers, a splicing variant of FIR that lacks exon2 (FIRΔexon2) is overexpressed as a dominant negative form of FIR. In this study, to reveal the presence and the significance of anti-FIRs (FIR/FIRΔexon2) antibodies in cancers were explored in the sera of colorectal and other cancer patients. Anti-FIRs antibodies were surely detected in the preoperative sera of 28 colorectal cancer patients (32.2% of positive rates), and the detection rate was significantly higher than that in healthy control sera (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.01). The level of anti-FIRs antibodies significantly decreased after the operation (p < 0.01). Anti-FIRs antibodies were detected in the sera of early-stage and/or recurrent colon cancer patients in which anti-p53 antibodies, CEA, and CA19-9 were not detected as well as in the sera of other cancer patients. Furthermore, the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic for anti-FIRs antibodies was significantly larger (0.85) than that for anti-p53 antibodies or CA19-9. In conclusions, the combination of anti-FIRs antibodies with other clinically available tumor markers further improved the specificity and accuracy of cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Sachio Tsuchida
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuji Komukai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Academic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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23
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Tseng CC, Chang SJ, Tsai WC, Ou TT, Wu CC, Sung WY, Hsieh MC, Yen JH. Sex differential association of dermatomyositis with Sjögren syndrome. CMAJ 2017; 189:E187-E193. [PMID: 28246264 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.160783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dermatomyositis and Sjögren syndrome share serologic autoantibodies and genetic polymorphisms, population data about the incidence of Sjögren syndrome in patients with dermatomyositis is unavailable. We performed a nationwide cohort study to explore the potential relation between dermatomyositis and Sjögren syndrome and, if an association exists, to elucidate whether it varies by sex. METHODS We identified all patients with newly diagnosed dermatomyositis from the Registry of Catastrophic Illness Database in Taiwan between Jan. 1, 1998, and Dec. 31, 2011. Each patient was matched to, at most, 5 control patients from the National Health Insurance Research Database by age, sex and entry date. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of Sjögren syndrome after adjusting for age, sex, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. RESULTS A total of 1602 patients with dermatomyositis and 7981 control patients were enrolled in the study. There was a positive association of having Sjögren syndrome among patients with dermatomyositis after adjusting for age, sex, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis (HR 2.67, 95% CI 2.01-3.54). The association was more pronounced in the male cohort (HR 2.69, 95% CI 1.19-6.09). INTERPRETATION We found a sex differential association of Sjögren syndrome among patients with dermatomyositis independent of age and concomitant autoimmune disease. Further studies are required to determine the clinical importance of this association for both outcomes and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Jen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Teng Ou
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine (Tseng), Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Department of Kinesiology (Chang), Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung; Division of Rheumatology (Tsai, Ou, Wu, Sung, Yen), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Medicine (Sung, Yen), College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Hsieh), Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine (Hsieh), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Allenbach Y, Benveniste O, Goebel HH, Stenzel W. Integrated classification of inflammatory myopathies. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2017; 43:62-81. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Allenbach
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology; Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; DHU I2B; AP-HP; Paris France
- INSERM U974; UPMC Sorbonne Universities; Paris France
| | - O. Benveniste
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology; Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; DHU I2B; AP-HP; Paris France
- INSERM U974; UPMC Sorbonne Universities; Paris France
| | - H-H. Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin; Berlin Germany
| | - W. Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin; Berlin Germany
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25
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26
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Ceribelli A, Isailovic N, De Santis M, Generali E, Fredi M, Cavazzana I, Franceschini F, Cantarini L, Satoh M, Selmi C. Myositis-specific autoantibodies and their association with malignancy in Italian patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Clin Rheumatol 2016; 36:469-475. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Atak A, Mukherjee S, Jain R, Gupta S, Singh VA, Gahoi N, K P M, Srivastava S. Protein microarray applications: Autoantibody detection and posttranslational modification. Proteomics 2016; 16:2557-2569. [PMID: 27452627 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of DNA microarrays was a major milestone in genomics; however, it could not adequately predict the structure or dynamics of underlying protein entities, which are the ultimate effector molecules in a cell. Protein microarrays allow simultaneous study of thousands of proteins/peptides, and various advancements in array technologies have made this platform suitable for several diagnostic and functional studies. Antibody arrays enable researchers to quantify the abundance of target proteins in biological fluids and assess PTMs by using the antibodies. Protein microarrays have been used to assess protein-protein interactions, protein-ligand interactions, and autoantibody profiling in various disease conditions. Here, we summarize different microarray platforms with focus on its biological and clinical applications in autoantibody profiling and PTM studies. We also enumerate the potential of tissue microarrays to validate findings from protein arrays as well as other approaches, highlighting their significance in proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Atak
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Shuvolina Mukherjee
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Rekha Jain
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Shabarni Gupta
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Vedita Anand Singh
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Nikita Gahoi
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Manubhai K P
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India.
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28
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Brito-Zerón P, Baldini C, Bootsma H, Bowman SJ, Jonsson R, Mariette X, Sivils K, Theander E, Tzioufas A, Ramos-Casals M. Sjögren syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016; 2:16047. [PMID: 27383445 DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren syndrome (SjS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands (mainly the salivary and lacrimal glands) and results in the severe dryness of mucosal surfaces, principally in the mouth and eyes. This disease predominantly affects middle-aged women, but can also be observed in children, men and the elderly. The clinical presentation of SjS is heterogeneous and can vary from sicca symptoms to systemic disease (characterized by peri-epithelial lymphocytic infiltration of the affected tissue or the deposition of the immune complex) and lymphoma. The mechanism underlying the development of SjS is the destruction of the epithelium of the exocrine glands, as a consequence of abnormal B cell and T cell responses to the autoantigens Ro/SSA and La/SSB, among others. Diagnostic criteria for SjS include the detection of autoantibodies in patient serum and histological analysis of biopsied salivary gland tissue. Therapeutic approaches for SjS include both topical and systemic treatments to manage the sicca and systemic symptoms of disease. SjS is a serious disease with excess mortality, mainly related to the systemic involvement of disease and the development of lymphomas in some patients. Knowledge of SjS has progressed substantially, but this disease is still characterized by sicca symptoms, the systemic involvement of disease, lymphocytic infiltration to exocrine glands, the presence of anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB autoantibodies and the increased risk of lymphoma in patients with SjS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Brito-Zerón
- Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital CIMA-Sanitas, Barcelona, Spain.,Sjögren Syndrome Research Group (AGAUR), Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases Josep Font, IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J Bowman
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roland Jonsson
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Université Paris Sud, INSERM, Paris, France.,Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Kathy Sivils
- Oklahoma Sjögren's syndrome Center of Research Translation, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Elke Theander
- Department of Rheumatology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Athanasios Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Manuel Ramos-Casals
- Sjögren Syndrome Research Group (AGAUR), Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases Josep Font, IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Garcia-Quintanilla A, Miranzo-Navarro D. Extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease: 33-mer gliadin binding to glutamate receptor GRINA as a new explanation. Bioessays 2016; 38:427-39. [PMID: 26990286 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We propose a biochemical mechanism for celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity that may rationalize many of the extradigestive disorders not explained by the current immunogenetic model. Our hypothesis is based on the homology between the 33-mer gliadin peptide and a component of the NMDA glutamate receptor ion channel - the human GRINA protein - using BLASTP software. Based on this homology the 33-mer may act as a natural antagonist interfering with the normal interactions of GRINA and its partners. The theory is supported by numerous independent data from the literature, and provides a mechanistic link with otherwise unrelated disorders, such as cleft lip and palate, thyroid dysfunction, restless legs syndrome, depression, ataxia, hearing loss, fibromyalgia, dermatitis herpetiformis, schizophrenia, toxoplasmosis, anemia, osteopenia, Fabry disease, Barret's adenocarcinoma, neuroblastoma, urinary incontinence, recurrent miscarriage, cardiac anomalies, reduced risk of breast cancer, stiff person syndrome, etc. The hypothesis also anticipates better animal models, and has the potential to open new avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domingo Miranzo-Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
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30
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Tieu J, Lundberg IE, Limaye V. Idiopathic inflammatory myositis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 30:149-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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