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Sundaram N, Abramsky T, Oswald WE, Cook S, Halliday KE, Nguipdop‐Djomo P, Sturgess J, Ireland G, Ladhani SN, Mangtani P, Langan SM, Hargreaves JR, Bonell C. Implementation of COVID-19 Preventive Measures and Staff Well-Being in a Sample of English Schools 2020-2021. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2023; 93:266-278. [PMID: 36450450 PMCID: PMC9877738 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined fidelity and feasibility of implementation of COVID-19 preventive measures in schools, and explored associations between adherence to these measures and staff well-being, to inform policy on sustainable implementation and staff wellbeing. METHODS Surveys were conducted across 128 schools in England with 107 headteachers and 2698 staff-members with reference to autumn term 2020, examining school-level implementation of preventive measures, adherence, and teacher burnout (response rates for headteacher and staff surveys were 84% and 59%, respectively). RESULTS The median number of measures implemented in primary and secondary schools was 33 (range 23-41), and 32 (range 22-40), respectively; most measures presented challenges. No differences were found regarding number of measures implemented by school-level socio-economic disadvantage. High adherence was reported for staff wearing face-coverings, staff regularly washing their hands, (secondary only) desks facing forwards, and (primary only) increased cleaning of surfaces and student hand-washing. Adherence to most measures was reported as higher in primary than secondary schools. Over half of school leaders and 42% (517/1234) of other teaching staff suffered from high emotional exhaustion. Higher teacher-reported school-wide adherence with measures was consistently associated with lower burnout for leaders and other teaching staff. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate a tremendous effort in implementing preventive measures and an urgent need to support investments in improving teacher wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neisha Sundaram
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1H 9SHLondonUK
| | - Tanya Abramsky
- Department of Global Health and DevelopmentLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1H 9SHLondonUK
| | - William E Oswald
- Department of Disease ControlLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | - Sarah Cook
- Department of Non‐communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Katherine E Halliday
- Department of Disease ControlLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | - Patrick Nguipdop‐Djomo
- Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | - Joanna Sturgess
- Department of Medical StatisticsLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | | | - Shamez N Ladhani
- Public Health Programmes, UK Health Security Agency; Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, St George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Punam Mangtani
- Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Department of Non‐communicable Disease EpidemiologyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1E 7HTLondonUK
| | - James R Hargreaves
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1H 9SHLondonUK
| | - Chris Bonell
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineWC1H 9SHLondonUK
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Wang X, Chang H, Tian H, Zhu Y, Li J, Wei Z, Wang Y, Xia A, Ge Y, Liu G, Cai J, Zhu Q, Zhai X, Zeng M. Epidemiological and clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children during the outbreak of Omicron variant in Shanghai, March 7-31, 2022. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 16:1059-1065. [PMID: 36043446 PMCID: PMC9530495 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during the early stage of Omicron variant outbreak in Shanghai. Methods This study included local COVID‐19 cases <18 years in Shanghai referred to the exclusively designated hospital from March 7 to March 31, 2022. Clinical data, epidemiological exposure, and COVID‐19 vaccination status were collected. Relative risks (RRs) were calculated to assess the effect of vaccination on symptomatic infection and febrile disease. Results A total of 376 pediatric cases of COVID‐19 (median age: 6.0 ± 4.2 years) were referred to the designated hospital, including 257 (68.4%) symptomatic cases and 119 (31.6%) asymptomatic cases. Of the 307 (81.6%) children ≥3 years eligible for COVID‐19 vaccination, 110 (35.8%) received two doses of vaccines. The median interval between the completion of two‐dose vaccination and infection was 3.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3, 4.5) months. Compared with no vaccination, two‐dose COVID‐19 vaccination reduced the risks of symptomatic infection and febrile disease by 35% (RR 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53–0.79) and 33% (RR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51–0.81) among confirmed cases. Eighty‐four percent of symptomatic cases had fever (mean duration: 1.7 ± 1.0.8 days), 40.5% had cough, and 16.4% had transient leukopenia. Three hundred and seven (81.6%) had an epidemiological exposure in household (69.1%), school (21.8%), and residential area (8.8%). Conclusion The surge of pediatric COVID‐19 cases and multiple transmission model reflect wide dissemination of Omicron variant in the community. Asymptomatic infection is common among Omicron‐infected children. COVID‐19 vaccination can offer some protection against symptomatic infection and febrile disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangshi Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailing Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixue Wang
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Aimei Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanling Ge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Gongbao Liu
- Division of Medical Administration, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiehao Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Mohseni Afshar Z, Babazadeh A, Janbakhsh A, Mansouri F, Sio TT, Sullman MJM, Carson-Chahhoud K, Hosseinzadeh R, Barary M, Ebrahimpour S. Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccination recommendations in special populations and patients with existing comorbidities. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2309. [PMID: 34677889 PMCID: PMC8646697 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a crucial step in ending the current worldwide pandemic. However, several particularly vulnerable groups in the population were not included in sufficient numbers in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) vaccine trials. Therefore, as science advances, the advice for vaccinating these special populations against Covid‐19 will continue to evolve. This focused review provides the latest recommendations and considerations for these special populations (i.e., patients with rheumatologic and autoimmune disorders, cancer, transplant recipients, chronic liver diseases, end‐stage renal disease, neurologic disorders, psychiatric disorders, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, human immunodeficiency virus, current smokers, pregnant and breastfeeding women, the elderly, children, and patients with allergic reactions) using the currently available research evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Alireza Janbakhsh
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Feizollah Mansouri
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Terence T Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Rezvan Hosseinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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