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The Immunogenetics of Lichen Planus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1367:119-135. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92616-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hochmeister S, Aeinehband S, Dorris C, Berglund R, Haindl MT, Velikic V, Gustafsson SA, Olsson T, Piehl F, Jagodic M, Zeitelhofer M, Adzemovic MZ. Effect of Vitamin D on Experimental Autoimmune Neuroinflammation Is Dependent on Haplotypes Comprising Naturally Occurring Allelic Variants of CIITA ( Mhc2ta). Front Neurol 2020; 11:600401. [PMID: 33304315 PMCID: PMC7693436 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.600401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence associates low vitamin D levels with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting the possibility of a gene-environment interaction for this environmental factor in MS pathogenesis. Moreover, it has been shown that vitamin D downregulates major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. We here report about the impact of a dietary vitamin D supplementation on EAE in the rat strains having functionally relevant allelic variations in the CIITA (Mhc2ta) gene, a master regulator of MHC class II expression. Full length myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-EAE was induced in DA.PVGav1-Vra4 congenic rats harboring the Vra4 locus from PVG strain in the EAE- susceptible DA background, and compared to the parental strains. The congenic rats fed with either vitamin D supplemented, deprived or regular diet developed an intermediate clinical EAE phenotype, in contrast to DA and PVG strains. Immunopathological studies revealed vitamin D dose-dependent effect on demyelination and inflammatory infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS), expression of MHC class II and CIITA, as well as downregulation of a range of pro-inflammatory genes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an impact of vitamin D on the target tissue pathology and peripheral immune response during EAE in DA.PVGav1-Vra4 congenic strain. Thereby, our data provide evidence of a modulatory effect of vitamin D in context of genetic variances in the Vra4 locus/Mhc2ta gene in MS-like neuroinflammation, with potential relevance for the human demyelinating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hochmeister
- Department of General Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Shahin Aeinehband
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles Dorris
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Rasmus Berglund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michaela T Haindl
- Department of General Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vid Velikic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven A Gustafsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Jagodic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Zeitelhofer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Milena Z Adzemovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pereira VCSR, Fontes-Dantas FL, Paradela ER, Malfetano FR, Scherpenhuijzen SDSB, Mansur LF, Luiz RR, Oliveira APD, Farinhas JGD, Maiolino Â, Alves-Leon SV. Polymorphisms in the CIITA -168A/G (rs3087456) and CIITA +1614G/C (rs4774) may influence severity in multiple sclerosis patients. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2019; 77:166-173. [PMID: 30970129 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
It is currently unknown how genetic factors may influence the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of CIITA polymorphisms -168A/G (rs3087456) and +1614G/C (rs4774) on the risk of disability progression, severity and on responses to first-line immunomodulator treatments. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. We used ABI3730xl and GeneMapper v.4.0 software to identify genotype variations. All patients were followed up and clinically reassessed at three-month intervals. Disability progression was measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale and disease severity by the Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity Scale (MSSS). RESULTS We included 37 men and 80 women. We found no evidence regarding the influence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms studied in the Expanded Disability Status Scale or therapeutic response of the evaluated drugs. We performed a logistic regression analysis with the MSSS and found that a less severe MS course was associated with wild type CIITA -168AA and CIITA +1614GG, as the chance of the patient progressing to MSSS2 and MSSS3 decreased in 61% and 75% with CIITA -168AA and 66% and 75% with CIITA +1614GG, respectively (p < 0.0001). Although less significant, the CIITA +1614 GC also pointed to a less severe MS course and the chance of the patient progressing to MSSS3 decreased 79% (p = 0.015). We also observed that the CIITA -168GG genotype was more frequent in MSSS2 and MSSS3 and had 40% lower odds ratio to becoming more severe MS. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CIITA -168AA, CIITA +1614GG and CIITA +1614 GC polymorphisms may be associated with a better MS clinical course. This knowledge may be useful for a better understanding of MS and its therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrícia Lima Fontes-Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Ribeiro Paradela
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | - Letícia Fêzer Mansur
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Ronir Raggio Luiz
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - André Peres De Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - João Gabriel Dib Farinhas
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Ângelo Maiolino
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
| | - Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
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Vargas-Alarcón G, Posadas-Romero C, Posadas-Sánchez R, Martínez-Alvarado R, González-Pacheco H, Martínez-Sánchez C, Martínez-Ríos MA, Juarez-Cedillo T, Ramirez-Fuentes S, Pérez-Méndez O, Fragoso JM. The variant rs8048002 T>C in intron 3 of the MHC2TA gene is associated with risk of developing acute coronary syndrome. Cytokine 2015; 71:268-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The MHC2TA 1614 C>G gene polymorphism is associated with risk of developing acute coronary syndrome. Mol Immunol 2013; 55:424-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wu D, Wang L, Sun M, Wang G, Fu S, Dong G, Wu Y. CIITArs4774 and rs6498122 polymorphisms are associated with oral lichen planus in Chinese people: a case-control study. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:69-75. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Forth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | | | | | - Shanmin Fu
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Stomatology; Forth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | - Guangying Dong
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medcine; School of Stomatology; Forth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
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Bae JS, Pasaje CFA, Park BL, Cheong HS, Kim JH, Uh ST, Park CS, Shin HD. Genetic association analysis of CIITA variations with nasal polyp pathogenesis in asthmatic patients. Mol Med Rep 2012; 7:927-34. [PMID: 23292525 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal polyps are abnormal lesions arising mainly from the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Since the human class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator (CIITA) is a positive regulator of class II, major histocompatibility complex gene transcription, the CIITA gene is thought to be involved in the presence of nasal polyps in asthma and aspirin hypersensitive patients. To investigate the association between CIITA and nasal polyposis, 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 467 asthmatics who were classified into 158 aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and 309 aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) subgroups. Differences in the frequency distribution of CIITA variations between polyp-positive cases and polyp-negative controls were determined using logistic analyses. Initially, a total of 9 CIITA variants were significantly associated with the presence of nasal polyps in the overall asthma, AERD and ATA groups [P=0.001-0.05, odds ratio (OR)=0.53-2.35 in the overall asthma group; P=0.01-0.02, OR=2.45-2.66 in the AERD group; P=0.001‑0.05, OR=0.45-2.61 in the ATA group using various modes of genetic inheritance]. One the variations (rs12932187) retained this association after multiple testing corrections (Pcorr=0.01) in the overall asthma group. In addition, two variations (rs12932187 and rs11074938) were associated with the presence of nasal polyps following multiple testing corrections (Pcorr=0.02 and 0.04, respectively) in the ATA group. These novel findings suggest that rs12932187 and rs11074938 may constitute susceptibility markers of inflammation of the nasal passages in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Seol Bae
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 153-803, Republic of Korea
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Delgadillo H, Vargas-Alarcón G, Gómez-Monterrosas O, Martínez-Rodríguez N, Ramírez-Fuentes S, Carrillo-Sánchez S, Peña-Duque MA, Martínez-Ríos MA, Pérez-Méndez O, Fragoso JM. The MHC2TA gene polymorphisms are not associated with restenosis after coronary stenting in Mexican patients. ARCHIVOS DE CARDIOLOGIA DE MEXICO 2012; 82:208-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acmx.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Ronninger M, Seddighzadeh M, Eike MC, Plant D, Daha NA, Skinningsrud B, Worthington J, Kvien TK, Toes REM, Lie BA, Alfredsson L, Padyukov L. Interaction analysis between HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles and MHC class II transactivator CIITA gene with regard to risk of rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32861. [PMID: 22461888 PMCID: PMC3312880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) alleles are the strongest genetic determinants for autoantibody positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One of the key regulators in expression of HLA class II receptors is MHC class II transactivator (CIITA). A variant of the CIITA gene has been found to associate with inflammatory diseases. We wanted to explore whether the risk variant rs3087456 in the CIITA gene interacts with the HLA-DRB1 SE alleles regarding the risk of developing RA. We tested this hypothesis in a case-control study with 11767 individuals from four European Caucasian populations (6649 RA cases and 5118 controls). We found no significant additive interaction for risk alleles among Swedish Caucasians with RA (n = 3869, attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) = 0.2, 95%CI: −0.2–0.5) or when stratifying for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) presence (ACPA positive disease: n = 2945, AP = 0.3, 95%CI: −0.05–0.6, ACPA negative: n = 2268, AP = −0.2, 95%CI: −1.0–0.6). We further found no significant interaction between the main subgroups of SE alleles (DRB1*01, DRB1*04 or DRB1*10) and CIITA. Similar analysis of three independent RA cohorts from British, Dutch and Norwegian populations also indicated an absence of significant interaction between genetic variants in CIITA and SE alleles with regard to RA risk. Our data suggest that risk from the CIITA locus is independent of the major risk for RA from HLA-DRB1 SE alleles, given that no significant interaction between rs3087456 and SE alleles was observed. Since a biological link between products of these genes is evident, the genetic contribution from CIITA and class II antigens in the autoimmune process may involve additional unidentified factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ronninger
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
Autoimmune Addison disease is a rare autoimmune disorder with symptoms that typically develop over months or years. Following the development of serum autoantibodies to the key steroidogenic enzyme, 21-hydroxylase, patients have a period of compensated or preclinical disease, characterized by elevations in adrenocortocotropic hormone and renin, before overt, symptomatic adrenal failure develops. We propose that local failure of steroidogenesis, causing breakdown of tolerance to adrenal antigens, might be a key factor in disease progression. The etiology of autoimmune Addison disease has a strong genetic component in man, and several dog breeds are also susceptible. Allelic variants of genes encoding molecules of both the adaptive and innate immune systems have now been implicated, with a focus on the immunological synapse and downstream participants in T lymphocyte antigen-receptor signaling. With the exception of MHC alleles, which contribute to susceptibility in both human and canine Addison disease, no major or highly penetrant disease alleles have been found to date. Future research into autoimmune Addison disease, making use of genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing technology, will address the gaps in our understanding of the etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Mitchell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK. anna.mitchell@ ncl.ac.uk
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Ramanujam R, Zhao Y, Pirskanen R, Hammarström L. Lack of association of the CIITA -168A→G promoter SNP with myasthenia gravis and its role in autoimmunity. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 11:147. [PMID: 20942939 PMCID: PMC2970590 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator (CIITA) regulates MHC class II gene expression. A promoter SNP -168A→G (rs3087456) has previously been shown to be associated with susceptibility to several immune mediated disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS) and myocardial infarction (MI). Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder which has previously been shown to be associated with polymorphisms of several autoimmune predisposing genes, including IL-1, PTPN22, TNF-α and the MHC. In order to determine if allelic variants of rs3087456 increase predisposition to MG, we analyzed this SNP in our Swedish cohort of 446 MG patients and 1866 controls. Results No significant association of the SNP with MG was detected, neither in the patient group as a whole, nor in any clinical subgroup. The vast majority of previous replication studies have also not found an association of the SNP with autoimmune disorders. Conclusions We thus conclude that previous findings with regard to the role of the CIITA -168A→G SNP in autoimmunity may have to be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Ramanujam
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Hennessy EJ, Parker AE, O'Neill LAJ. Targeting Toll-like receptors: emerging therapeutics? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010; 9:293-307. [PMID: 20380038 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 618] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the targeting of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) for the prevention and treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Several new compounds are now undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluation, with a particular focus on TLR7 and TLR9 activators as adjuvants in infection and cancer, and inhibitors of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 for the treatment of sepsis and inflammatory diseases. Here, we focus on TLRs that hold the most promise for drug discovery research, highlighting agents that are in the discovery phase and in clinical trials,and on the emerging new aspects of TLR-mediated signalling - such as control by ubiquitination and regulation by microRNAs - that might offer further possibilities of therapeutic manipulation.
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Falorni A, Brozzetti A, Torre DL, Tortoioli C, Gambelunghe G. Association of genetic polymorphisms and autoimmune Addison's disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 4:441-56. [PMID: 20477573 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.4.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is a complex genetic disease that results from the interaction of a predisposing genetic background with as yet unknown environmental factors. The disease is marked by the appearance of circulating autoantibodies against steroid 21-hydroxylase. Mutations of the autoimmune regulator gene are responsible for the so-called autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I), of which AAD is a major disease component. Among genetic factors for isolated AAD and APS II, a major role is played by HLA class II genes: HLA-DRB1 0301-DQA1 0501-DQB1 0201 and DRB1 04-DQA1 0301-DQB1 0302 are positively, and RB1 0403 is negatively, associated with a genetic risk for AAD. The MHC class I chain-related gene A allele 5.1 is strongly and positively associated with AAD. Other gene polymorphisms contributing to genetic risk for AAD are MHC2TA, the gene coding for class II transactivator, the master regulator of class II expression, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, PTPN22 and the vitamin D receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Falorni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Via E. Dal Pozzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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Geddes K, Magalhães JG, Girardin SE. Unleashing the therapeutic potential of NOD-like receptors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2009; 8:465-79. [PMID: 19483708 DOI: 10.1038/nrd2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of intracellular sensors that have key roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Whereas some NLRs - including NOD1, NOD2, NAIP (NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein) and NLRC4 - detect conserved bacterial molecular signatures within the host cytosol, other members of this family sense 'danger signals', that is, xenocompounds or molecules that when recognized alert the immune system of hazardous environments, perhaps independently of a microbial trigger. In the past few years, remarkable progress has been made towards deciphering the role and the biology of NLRs, which has shown that these innate immune sensors have pivotal roles in providing immunity to infection, adjuvanticity and inflammation. Furthermore, several inflammatory disorders have been associated with mutations in human NLRgenes. Here, we discuss the effect that research on NLRs will have on vaccination, treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders and acute bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Geddes
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Harnesk K, Swanberg M, Ockinger J, Diez M, Lidman O, Wallström E, Lobell A, Olsson T, Piehl F. Vra4 congenic rats with allelic differences in the class II transactivator gene display altered susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:3289-96. [PMID: 18292553 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.5.3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Presentation of Ag bound to MHC class II (MHC II) molecules to CD4+ T cells is a key event in adaptive immune responses. Genetic differences in MHC II expression in the rat CNS were recently positioned to allelic variability in the CIITA gene (Mhc2ta), located within the Vra4 locus on rat chromosome 10. In this study, we have examined reciprocal Vra4-congenic strains on the DA and PVGav1 backgrounds, respectively. After experimental nerve injury the strain-specific MHC II expression on microglia was reversed in the congenic strains. Similar findings were obtained after intraparenchymal injection of IFN-gamma in the brain. Expression of MHC class II was also lower on B cells and dendritic cells from the DA.PVGav1-Vra4- congenic strain compared with DA rats after in vitro stimulation with IFN-gamma. We next explored whether Vra4 may affect the outcome of experimental autoimmune disease. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, DA.PVGav1-Vra4 rats displayed a lower disease incidence and milder disease course compared with DA, whereas both PVGav1 and PVGav1.DA-Vra4 rats were completely protected. These results demonstrate that naturally occurring allelic differences in Mhc2ta have profound effects on the quantity of MHC II expression in the CNS and on immune cells and that this genetic variability also modulates susceptibility to autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Harnesk
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang X, Hong X, Deng G, Bai X. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and functional analysis of class II transactivator (CIITA) promoter IV in persistent HBV infection. J Clin Virol 2007; 40:197-201. [PMID: 17919972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2007.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Revised: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS CIITA plays a pivotal role in immune response, and the outcome of HBV infection is influenced by immune response. The aims of this study were to analyze the effect of CIITA promoter IV polymorphisms on its activity, and their association with persistent HBV infection. METHODS The polymorphisms in promoter IV (C-1350T and G-944C) were analyzed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), and four haplotypes were assigned in 1420 HBV infected subjects. The functional analysis on haplotypes of promoter IV was studied using pGL3-basic and pGL3-promoter vectors. RESULTS There were significantly decreased-TG and increased-CC haplotype frequencies in persistent HBV infected subjects (34.8% and 41.3%), compared with spontaneously recovered subjects (46.5% and 36.2%). There were significantly higher CC/CC and lower TG/TG genotype frequencies in persistent infected subjects (20.3% and 11.1%) than in spontaneously recovered subjects (10.9% and 23.1%). The mean relative luciferase activity of promoter IV were the highest in TG haplotype (0.558+/-0.023), and the lowest in CC haplotype (0.302+/-0.016). CONCLUSIONS The polymorphisms of CIITA promoter IV are associated with persistent HBV infection. The CC haplotype with the lowest activity of promoter and CC/CC genotype are responsible for persistent HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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O'Doherty C, Hawkins S, Rooney M, Vandenbroeck K. The MHC2TA-168A/G and +1614G/C polymorphisms and risk for multiple sclerosis or chronic inflammatory arthropathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:247-51. [PMID: 17661914 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The -168A-G polymorphism has been shown to influence transcription of the MHC2TA gene and has been implicated in several inflammatory/autoimmune disorders. Attempts to reproduce these findings have been inconclusive. We investigated the role of this promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 440 multiple sclerosis (MS), 293 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 74 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients and 316 healthy controls from Northern Ireland. We also genotyped a non-synonymous SNP in exon 11, +1614G/C. There was no significant difference in the -168G allele frequencies and carriage rates in the separate RA, JIA, or MS collections compared with the control group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.1, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.86-1.44; OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.75-1.68; OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.84-1.35, respectively]. Assessment of the common phenotype (chronic inflammatory disease; n = 807 vs 316 controls) was negative as well. Carriage of +1614C was protective against JIA (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.3-1.0) and showed a similar trend in RA and MS (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.5-1.0; OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.6-1.0, respectively). The common phenotype (chronic inflammatory disease) was also significant (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.6-1.0).
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Affiliation(s)
- C O'Doherty
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Applied Genomics Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, UK
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Iikuni N, Ikari K, Momohara S, Tomatsu T, Hara M, Yamanaka H, Okamoto H, Kamatani N. MHC2TA is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Japanese patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:274-5. [PMID: 17090564 PMCID: PMC1798499 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.063347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Martínez A, Sánchez-Lopez M, Varadé J, Mas A, Martín MC, de Las Heras V, Arroyo R, Mendoza JL, Díaz-Rubio M, Fernández-Gutiérrez B, de la Concha EG, Urcelay E. Role of the MHC2TA gene in autoimmune diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 66:325-9. [PMID: 17012290 PMCID: PMC1855999 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.059428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes is almost exclusively regulated by the class II transactivator. A promoter polymorphism (-168A/G, rs3087456) in the MHC2TA gene was associated with increased susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and myocardial infarction in a northern European population. However, no evidence of association of this MHC2TA variant with the two autoimmune diseases could be subsequently detected in independent cohorts. AIM To test the aforementioned single nucleotide polymorphism and another G-->C change (nt1614 from coding sequence, rs4774) to analyse the haplotype pattern in this MHC2TA gene. METHODS A case-control study was performed with 350 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 396 patients with multiple sclerosis, 663 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 519 healthy controls from Madrid. Genotyping was ascertained by using TaqMan assays-on-demand on a 7900HT analyser, following the manufacturer's suggestions (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, USA). Haplotypes were inferred with the expectation-maximisation algorithm implemented by the Arlequin software. RESULTS No independent association with these autoimmune diseases was found for either polymorphism in the Spanish cohorts tested. However, when haplotypes were compared between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls, a significant difference in their overall frequency distribution was observed, evidencing a protective haplotype (-168A/1614C, p = 0.006; odds ratio (OR) 0.7) and a risk haplotype (-168G/1614C, p = 0.019; OR 1.6). Patients with multiple sclerosis mirrored these results, but no effect on IBD was identified. CONCLUSIONS The MHC2TA gene influences predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, but not to IBD. The -168G allele is not an aetiological variant in itself, but a genetic marker of susceptibility/protection haplotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Martínez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Martin Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Wong M, Tsao BP. Current topics in human SLE genetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:97-107. [PMID: 16941108 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-006-0031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 07/04/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) depends on genetic and environmental factors. Genome scan studies have identified eight chromosomal regions with significant linkage to SLE that are confirmed by individual cohorts, suggesting that susceptibility genes may be identified within each of these loci. Linkage studies and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have led to the identification of positional candidate genes, and their functional allelic variants have demonstrated molecular pathogenesis of the disease. The discovery of positional candidate genes that are associated with various autoimmune diseases signifies a common pathway in the mechanism of these diseases. Copy polymorphisms in susceptibility genes provide evidence in how genetic plasticity affects complex phenotypes as seen in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maida Wong
- Division of Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1670, USA
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Orozco G, Robledo G, Linga Reddy MVP, García A, Pascual-Salcedo D, Balsa A, González-Gay MA, Eimon A, Paira S, Scherbarth HR, Pons-Estel BA, Petersson IF, Alarcón-Riquelme M, Martín J. Study of the role of a functional polymorphism of MHC2TA in rheumatoid arthritis in three ethnically different populations. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:1442-4. [PMID: 16935917 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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