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Humoral Immunity to Varicella Zoster Virus in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared to Healthy Controls. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040325. [PMID: 33915820 PMCID: PMC8067210 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of herpes zoster (HZ) is high in patients with rheumatic diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) doubles the risk for developing HZ. However, little is known about natural humoral immunity against varicella zoster virus (VZV) in patients with SLE. Hence, we compared VZV IgG antibody concentrations in a group of SLE patients with healthy controls and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: n = 56 patients with SLE, n = 54 patients with RA, and n = 56 healthy controls were included in this study. The VZV IgG antibody concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antibody concentrations were compared between the groups. Results: Overall IgG antibody titers for VZV in SLE patients were comparable to healthy controls but higher when compared to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.0012). In consequence, antibody levels in controls were higher than in RA patients (p = 0.0097). Stratification by age revealed highest titers among SLE patients in the fourth life decade (p = 0.03 for controls, p = 0.0008 for RA patients) whereas RA patients in their sixth decade had the lowest antibody concentration (p = 0.03 for controls, p = 0.04 for SLE patients). Regarding the individual HZ history, antibody levels of SLE patients with a positive history exceeded all other groups. Conclusions: Although humoral VZV immunity in SLE patients is comparable to healthy controls it seems to be pronounced in young SLE patients between 30 and 39. The lowest VZV IgG levels were found in RA patients. HZ seems to induce antibody production, particularly in patients with SLE. Immunological processes might contribute to VZV antibody levels in SLE patients, but further investigations are needed to substantiate this hypothesis. Even though the increased HZ prevalence seems to be independent of humoral immunity in SLE patients, reduced humoral immunity might contribute to HZ in RA patients. The available HZ subunit vaccination might be an appropriate way to reduce the HZ risk in patients with rheumatic diseases.
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Gerard AL, Goulenok T, Bahuaud M, Francois C, Aucouturier P, Moins-Teisserenc H, Batteux F, Papo T, Sacre K. Serum IgG2 levels predict long-term protection following pneumococcal vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vaccine 2020; 38:6859-6863. [PMID: 32896468 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at risk for pneumococcal infection. Twenty-one consecutive SLE patients (40[25-75] years) received the sequential PCV13/PPSV23 vaccine and factors associated with long-term protection were analyzed. Immune protection, defined by an antigen-specific IgG concentration ≥1.3 µg/mL for at least 70% of 7 pneumococcal serotypes was assessed at baseline, 2, 6, 12 and 36 months defining long-term protection. Only 10 patients showed pneumococcal immune protection 36 months after vaccination. Eleven (52.4%) patients had no long-term protection with a seroconversion that never or only transiently occurred. SLE disease features, treatment received and immunological characteristics did not differ between protected and unprotected patients except for the pre-vaccination IgG2 serum levels. Serum IgG2 level >2.125 µg/ml showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90.9% for long-term protection. Sequential pneumococcal vaccination conferred poor immune protection in SLE. Baseline IgG2 serum level identified patients able to benefit from pneumococcal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Gerard
- Département de Médecine Interne, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tiphaine Goulenok
- Département de Médecine Interne, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bahuaud
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring Vaccinal, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Groupe hospitalier Cochin-Broca-Hotel Dieu, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chrystelle Francois
- Département de Médecine Interne, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Aucouturier
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM/UMR S938, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Helene Moins-Teisserenc
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, INSERM UMR-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring Vaccinal, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Groupe hospitalier Cochin-Broca-Hotel Dieu, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Papo
- Département de Médecine Interne, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM U1149, Paris, France
| | - Karim Sacre
- Département de Médecine Interne, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM U1149, Paris, France.
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3
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McLean MR, Lu LL, Kent SJ, Chung AW. An Inflammatory Story: Antibodies in Tuberculosis Comorbidities. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2846. [PMID: 31921122 PMCID: PMC6913197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resides in a quarter of the world's population and is the causative agent for tuberculosis (TB), the most common infectious reason of death in humans today. Although cellular immunity has been firmly established in the control of Mtb, there is growing evidence that antibodies may also modulate the infection. More specifically, certain antibody features are associated with inflammation and are divergent in different states of human infection and disease. Importantly, TB impacts not just the healthy but also those with chronic conditions. While HIV represents the quintessential comorbid condition for TB, recent epidemiological evidence shows that additional chronic conditions such as diabetes and kidney disease are rising. In fact, the prevalence of diabetes as a comorbid TB condition is now higher than that of HIV. These chronic diseases are themselves independently associated with pro-inflammatory immune states that encompass antibody profiles. This review discusses isotypes, subclasses, post-translational modifications and Fc-mediated functions of antibodies in TB infection and in the comorbid chronic conditions of HIV, diabetes, and kidney diseases. We propose that inflammatory antibody profiles, which are a marker of active TB, may be an important biomarker for detection of TB disease progression within comorbid individuals. We highlight the need for future studies to determine which inflammatory antibody profiles are the consequences of comorbidities and which may potentially contribute to TB reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla R McLean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lenette L Lu
- Division of Infectious Disease and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Department, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Brisbane, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, SA, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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4
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Minamiki T, Sasaki Y, Su S, Minami T. Development of polymer field-effect transistor-based immunoassays. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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5
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Pneumococcal infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Joint Bone Spine 2018; 85:333-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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MINAMI T. Exploratory Research of Chemical Sensors Based on Organic Transistors with Self-Assembled Monolayer-Functionalized Electrodes. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2016. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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A Label-Free Immunosensor for IgG Based on an Extended-Gate Type Organic Field Effect Transistor. MATERIALS 2014; 7:6843-6852. [PMID: 28788216 PMCID: PMC5456160 DOI: 10.3390/ma7096843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel biosensor for immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection based on an extended-gate type organic field effect transistor (OFET) has been developed that possesses an anti-IgG antibody on its extended-gate electrode and can be operated below 3 V. The titration results from the target IgG in the presence of a bovine serum albumin interferent, clearly exhibiting a negative shift in the OFET transfer curve with increasing IgG concentration. This is presumed to be due an interaction between target IgG and the immobilized anti-IgG antibody on the extended-gate electrode. As a result, a linear range from 0 to 10 µg/mL was achieved with a relatively low detection limit of 0.62 µg/mL (=4 nM). We believe that these results open up opportunities for applying extended-gate-type OFETs to immunosensing.
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8
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Kim JH, Park HJ, Choi GS, Kim JE, Ye YM, Nahm DH, Park HS. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency is the major phenotype of primary immunodeficiency in a Korean adult cohort. J Korean Med Sci 2010; 25:824-8. [PMID: 20514300 PMCID: PMC2877226 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.6.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) is a rare disorder in adults. Most often, serious forms are detected during infancy or childhood. However, mild forms of PID may not be diagnosed until later in life, and some types of humoral immunodeficiency may occur in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical features of PID in Korean adults. A retrospective study was performed on 55 adult patients who were diagnosed as PID between January 1998 and January 2009 at a single tertiary medical center in Korea. IgG subclass deficiency was the most common phenotype (67%, 37/55), followed by total IgG deficiency (20%, 11/55), IgM deficiency (7%, 4/55), common variable immunodeficiency (2%, 1/55), and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (2%, 1/55). IgG3 and IgG4 were the most affected subclasses. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections (76%) were the most frequently observed symptoms, followed by multiple site infection (11%), urinary tract infection, and colitis. Bronchial asthma, rhinitis, and several autoimmune diseases were common associated diseases. IgG and IgG subclass deficiency should be considered in adult patients presenting with recurrent upper and lower respiratory infections, particularly in those with respiratory allergies or autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hee Kim
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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9
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Lin GG, Li JM. IgG subclass serum levels in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Rheumatol 2009; 28:1315-8. [PMID: 19597698 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-009-1224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
IgG subclass levels of sera from 105 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were determined by immunonephelometric assay. Patients were divided into two groups according to clinical activity of the disease: active disease and remission. Forty-five normal controls were also measured. We found a significant increase of IgG1 (p = 0.000), IgG2 (p = 0.000), and IgG3 (p = 0.000) in SLE sera, while IgG4 (p = 0.494) values did not differ significantly from those of controls. When patients were divided according to clinical activity, decrease of IgG3 concentration was observed in the patients in remission. In contrast, the concentrations of IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 subclass were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05). Our data suggest that differential increase of IgG subclasses during the course of SLE may be of relevance to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-gao Lin
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dongdan, Beijing 100730, China
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10
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Njoku DB, Mellerson JL, Talor MV, Kerr DR, Faraday NR, Outschoorn I, Rose NR. Role of CYP2E1 immunoglobulin G4 subclass antibodies and complement in pathogenesis of idiosyncratic drug-induced hepatitis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2006; 13:258-65. [PMID: 16467335 PMCID: PMC1391926 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.13.2.258-265.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiosyncratic drug-induced hepatitis (IDDIH) is the third most common cause for acute liver failure in the United States. Previous studies have attempted to identify susceptible patients or early stages of disease with various degrees of success. To determine if total serum immunoglobulin subclasses, CYP2E1-specific subclass autoantibodies, complement components, or immune complexes could distinguish persons with IDDIH from others exposed to drugs, we studied persons exposed to halogenated volatile anesthetics, which have been associated with IDDIH and CYP2E1 autoantibodies. We found that patients with anesthetic-induced IDDIH had significantly elevated levels of CYP2E1-specific immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) autoantibodies, while anesthetic-exposed healthy persons had significantly elevated levels of CYP2E1-specific IgG1 autoantibodies. Anesthetic IDDIH patients had significantly lower levels of C4a, C3a, and C5a compared to anesthetic-exposed healthy persons. C1q- and C3d-containing immune complexes were significantly elevated in anesthetic-exposed persons. In conclusion, our data suggest that anesthetic-exposed persons develop CYP2E1-specific IgG1 autoantibodies which may form detectable circulating immune complexes subsequently cleared by classical pathway activation of the complement system. Persons susceptible to anesthetic-induced IDDIH develop CYP2E1-specific IgG4 autoantibodies which form small, nonprecipitating immune complexes that escape clearance because of their size or by direct inhibition of complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores B Njoku
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 North Wolfe St. Blalock 906A, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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11
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Saraux A, Berthelot JM, Chalès G, Le Henaff C, Mary JY, Thorel JB, Hoang S, Dueymes M, Allain J, Devauchelle V, Baron D, Le Goff P, Youinou P. Value of laboratory tests in early prediction of rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2002; 47:155-65. [PMID: 11954009 DOI: 10.1002/art.10241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine which laboratory test or tests at presentation best predicted a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 2 years later. METHODS Two hundred seventy patients with early arthritis seen in 7 hospitals underwent comprehensive evaluations at 6-month intervals for 2 years, when the diagnosis of RA was assessed by 5 rheumatologists. The sensitivity and specificity of each test at the first visit for discriminating between RA (38%, n = 98) and non-RA patients were determined. Optimal cutoffs for continuous tests were derived from receiver operating characteristic curves. Sensitivity and specificity of test combinations selected by multiple logistic regression were determined. RESULTS IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IgG-antikeratin antibody (AKA), and latex test had the strongest associations with RA. These 3 tests formed the most powerful combination for distinguishing RA from non-RA. CONCLUSION IgM-RF, IgG-AKA, and the latex test are the best laboratory tests for discriminating between patients with and without RA. Combining these tests slightly improves diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Saraux
- Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France.
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12
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Bouza E, Moya JG, Muñoz P. Infections in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2001; 15:335-61, vii. [PMID: 11447699 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a higher infection rate than the general population. It is estimated that at least 50% of them will suffer a severe infectious episode during the course of the disease. Improvements in the control of the disease are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouza
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Abstract
The improved survival of SLE patients since the 1950s is the result of not only better treatment, but also supportive treatment of renal failure and the wealth of antibiotics now available. Ironically, the wider use of immunosuppressives, especially the alkylating drugs, and the longer survival of patients with renal insufficiency and renal failure have made the identification and appropriate treatment of infection in SLE an ongoing challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Petri
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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14
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Abstract
Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) is comprised of four subclasses with distinct structural and biologic properties. Patients with autoimmune disease, in general, show an overall increase in serum IgG as well as skewing in subclass distribution for particular autoantibodies. Antinuclear antibodies and anti-double stranded DNA antibodies, for example, are primarily IgG1 and IgG3. In contrast, anticardiolipin antibodies show a skewing towards presence of IgG2 presence is associated with arterial and venous thrombotic complications. Selective absorption of IgG2 from high titer sera abrogates aCL ELISA binding. Pathogenicity of aCL may be related to IgG2 in an important way. The precise mechanism of action and nature of the inducing stimulus are not yet clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Sammaritano
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
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15
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Hoffman RW, Sharp GC, Deutscher SL. Analysis of anti-U1 RNA antibodies in patients with connective tissue disease. Association with HLA and clinical manifestations of disease. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1995; 38:1837-44. [PMID: 8849357 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780381218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of anti-U1 RNA antibodies in connective tissue disease (CTD) patients and evaluate immunogenetic and clinical features of patients possessing these antibodies. METHODS RNA immunoprecipitation was used to analyze patient and healthy control sera for the presence of anti-R1 RNA antibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting were used to determine small nuclear RNP (snRNP) polypeptide antibodies. HLA polymorphisms were determined by microcytotoxicity and DNA typing. RESULTS Anti-U1 RNA IgM and IgG antibodies were found in 60% of anti-RNP positive patients. All of the anti-U1 RNA positive patients had anti-70K, and most had anti-A, (U1)snRNP polypeptide antibodies. HLA-DR2/DR4, as well as Raynaud's phenomenon and synovitis, were significantly increased in the anti-U1 RNA positive group. CONCLUSION The presence of anti-U1 RNA antibodies correlates with anti-70K and anti-A polypeptide antibodies. In addition, the anti-U1 RNA positive CTD patient group is immunogenetically and clinically distinctive from the anti-U1 RNA negative patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Hoffman
- University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, USA
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Kay RA, Hutchings CJ, Ollier WE. A subset of Sjögren's syndrome associates with the TCRBV13S2 locus but not the TCRBV2S1 locus. Hum Immunol 1995; 42:328-30. [PMID: 7558918 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(94)00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
HGPSS associates with the TCRBV6S7 locus within the TCR beta-chain gene complex. However, V beta 6.7 T cells, encoded by this locus, have never been implicated in the salivary gland destruction that characterizes primary Sjögren's syndrome. Both V beta 13 and V beta 2 T cells have been implicated in glandular destruction. We therefore analyzed the association of HGPSS with both TCRBV2S1, the only TCRBV2 locus, and the TCRBV13S2 locus (the TCRBV13 family member which lies closest to TCRBV6S7). Our results show that the prevalence of TCRBV13S2*2 homozygotes is significantly increased in HGPSS and that there is a high degree of linkage disequilibrium between this locus and TCRBV6S7 not previously described across the TCR beta-chain gene complex. However, HGPSS does not associate with the TCRBV2S1 locus. These results suggest that it is the V beta 13.2 T cell which may be responsible for the autoimmune destruction that characterizes HGPSS and that the previous association of this condition with the TCRBV6S7 locus is primary due to the linkage disequilibrium that exists between it and TCRBV13S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kay
- Immunology Research Group, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
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17
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Blanco F, Kalsi J, Ravirajan CT, Speight P, Bradwell AR, Isenberg DA. IgG subclasses in systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Lupus 1992; 1:391-9. [PMID: 1304408 DOI: 10.1177/096120339200100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study the concentration of the different subclasses of IgG in sera from patients with a range of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) was detected by radial immunodiffusion. In the second part the IgG subclasses of autoantibodies that recognize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), Ro, La, Sm and RNP in patients with ARD were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We studied 15 patients with lupus, 20 patients each with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and 10 each with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), scleroderma and myositis. Twenty healthy controls were also measured. The serum concentration of IgG2 in ARD patients was generally reduced. In contrast, the concentrations of IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses were normal or raised. A high degree of correspondence in the IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 responses to dsDNA and ssDNA in SLE was found. Notable differences in the IgG1 anti-Ro and ssDNA responses compared to the other subclasses were seen in 1 degree and 2 degrees SS. In addition, an unexpected high level of IgG4 antibodies to ssDNA in 1 degree SS (65%) and IgG4 antibodies to Sm/RNP in RA was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Blanco
- Department of Rheumatology Research, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK
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18
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Loizou S, Cofiner C, Weetman AP, Walport MJ. Immunoglobulin class and IgG subclass distribution of anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and associated disorders. Clin Exp Immunol 1992; 90:434-9. [PMID: 1458679 PMCID: PMC1554592 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb05864.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The class and subclass distribution of an antibody response may give insight into the stimulating mechanism and likely effector functions. IgA, IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were quantified in a consecutive series of 200 samples sent to an autoimmune serology laboratory to determine the relationships between aCL responses of each of these antibody classes and, in particular, whether there was any utility in the measurement of IgA aCL. Positive results for one of the three aCL isotypes were found in 105 samples (53%), and in 41 samples IgA aCL was detected (21%). However, amongst these unselected samples, little additional information was obtained by measurement of IgA aCL, which was found in conjunction with IgM or IgG aCL in all but five samples, and in these the isolated elevation of IgA aCL was only slight, and showed no disease specificity. The levels of each of the four IgG subclasses of aCL were measured in a subgroup of serum samples from 28 patients with autoimmune disease and from 29 patients with syphilis. Amongst the SLE patients IgG1 and IgG3 aCL were the predominant IgG subclasses, consistent with an antigen-driven, T cell-dependent antibody response. However, a subgroup of eight of the autoimmune subjects had predominant elevation of IgG2 aCL, possibly implying a role for T cell-independent antibody production to cardiolipin. Amongst the syphilis patients IgG1 and IgG3 aCL were also the predominant subclasses of aCL but IgG4 aCL were also detected in the majority of subjects, consistent with prolonged antigenic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loizou
- Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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19
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Kay RA, Hay EM, Dyer PA, Dennett C, Green LM, Bernstein RM, Holt PJ, Pumphrey RS, Boylston AW, Ollier WE. An abnormal T cell repertoire in hypergammaglobulinaemic primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 1991; 85:262-4. [PMID: 1864006 PMCID: PMC1535764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell antigen specificity is determined by the products of the genes which encode the variable regions of their receptors. Of the T cell receptor (TCR) variable region gene products examined, only V beta 6.7a TCR-positive lymphocytes were reduced in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients with IgG1 hypergammaglobulinaemia compared with an age-, sex- and HLA-matched control population. The levels of V beta 6.7a T cells were also significantly reduced when these patients were compared with an age- and sex-matched but HLA-unmatched control group and non-tissue typed normal people of both sexes. Since published studies show no such abnormality in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or other autoimmune diseases, this abnormality may reflect a pathogenic process specific to primary Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kay
- Regional Immunology Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Hay EM, Freemont AJ, Kay RA, Bernstein RM, Holt PJ, Pumphrey RS. Selective polyclonal increase of immunoglobulin G1 subclass: a link with Sjögren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 1990; 49:373-7. [PMID: 2116774 PMCID: PMC1004103 DOI: 10.1136/ard.49.6.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A selective polyclonal increase in IgG1 has been described previously in a group of patients with connective tissue disease; nine of the 16 patients had a prior diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A detailed clinical and serological study of 32 patients with this immunoglobulin abnormality has now been made. Most cases showed a characteristic autoantibody profile of antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, and antibodies to Ro and La. Sjögren's syndrome was diagnosed as 'definite' in 16 cases and 'possible' in seven cases by Fox's criteria. The remainder had unclassified connective tissue disease (three), rheumatoid arthritis with dry eyes (two), SLE (one), scleroderma (two), and Raynaud's disease (one). Extraglandular features were invariably present in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. The highest concentrations of IgG1 were found in patients with the shortest disease duration. Selective polyclonal increase of IgG1 should alert the doctor to the development of Sjögren's syndrome, usually with extraglandular disease and antibodies to Ro and La.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Hay
- University Department of Rheumatology, Manchester Royal Infirmary
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Krol-van Straaten MJ, Haanen HC, de Maat CE. The "polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulin G1(A1) syndrome" is a secondary phenomenon due to autoimmune disease. Hum Genet 1990; 84:491-2. [PMID: 2323784 DOI: 10.1007/bf00195829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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