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Mori H, Fukatsu M, Ohkawara H, Oka Y, Kataoka Y, Taito S, Ikezoe T. Heterogeneity in the diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma, plasmablastic myeloma, and plasmablastic neoplasm: a scoping review. Int J Hematol 2021; 114:639-652. [PMID: 34462886 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), plasmablastic myeloma (PBM), and plasmablastic neoplasm (PBN) may be arbitrary in some cases because these entities can be indistinct. We conducted this scoping review to investigate heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria used in previous studies and validate the diagnostic results of previous diagnostic algorithms and the algorithm we developed, which also includes diagnosis of PBN. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, we analyzed literature published between September 2017 and April 2020. We identified a total of 163 cases (128 PBL, 32 PBM, and 3 PBN) from 77 case reports and 8 case series. We found that diagnostic criteria in the literature varied for PBL but were consistent for PBM. Our algorithm was the first attempt to include PBN in a complete structure. The results of the three diagnostic algorithms varied significantly. Hematologists and pathologists should pay more attention to the differential diagnosis of PBL, PBM, and PBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Mori
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Fukatsu
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohkawara
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
| | - Yuka Oka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Hospital Care Research Unit, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan.,Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Systematic Review Workshop Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Taito
- Systematic Review Workshop Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Practice and Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ikezoe
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
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Nwanwene K, Khan NAJ, Alsharedi M. Testicular Plasmablastic Lymphoma in an HIV-Negative Patient: A Rare Case Presentation. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:23247096211017423. [PMID: 34032157 PMCID: PMC8155771 DOI: 10.1177/23247096211017423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a very rare disease and it is usually considered a human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related B-cell lymphoma that carries a poor prognosis. It
mostly involves the oral cavity, lungs, nasal cavity, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node,
and skin. Therapeutic regimens like dose-adjusted etoposide, vincristine, doxorubicin,
cyclophosphamide, and prednisone (DA-EPOCH) have shown better results in these aggressive
lymphomas. We report a rare case of PBL in an HIV-negative patient who presented to the
clinic with a complaint of left testicular swelling for 3 months. Ultrasound showed an
enlarged left testicle. He underwent a left orchiectomy and the pathology showed PBL with
involvement of the spermatic cord margin. Positron emission tomography scan showed
hypermetabolic mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. He was started on DA-EPOCH but showed no
response. Accordingly, salvage therapy with bortezomib in addition to ifosfamide
carboplatin and etoposide (B-ICE) chemotherapy was initiated with remarkable response.
Several other regimens can be used in the refractory setting; however, the evidence is
mostly based on retrospective analysis.
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Chee ARY, Ng TF, Lam SJP, Wright M, Leahy MF. An unusual case of plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as dermatomyositis. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:843-847. [PMID: 32477530 PMCID: PMC7250978 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of aggressive plasmablastic lymphoma with an initial presentation of dermatomyositis. The challenges associated with the diagnosis and treatment approach are also highlighted in this case report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teng Fong Ng
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Perth HospitalPerthWAAustralia
| | - Stephanie Jin Ping Lam
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Perth HospitalPerthWAAustralia
- Present address:
Department of HaematologySir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlandsWAAustralia
| | - Matthew Wright
- Department of HaematologyFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
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