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Lin J, Mao J, Zhao S, Chen Y, Shen L. Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography assessments in the fellow eyes of those with central serous chorioretinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:295. [PMID: 39026243 PMCID: PMC11264774 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the vessel density (VD) of the retina and choriocapillaris (CC) layer and the structure of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the fellow eyes of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS This was a case-control study. Unilateral CSC patients and age-matched healthy subjects were recruited from the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between July 2016 and July 2021. All eyes were divided into three groups: acute CSC (aCSC), chronic CSC (cCSC), and healthy controls. Both aCSC and cCSC were again divided into two subgroups: the affected eyes and the fellow eyes. In this study, all parameters of VD and FAZ were measured by self-software of OCTA. RESULTS A total of 231 eyes of 137 subjects were included, with 47 aCSC patients, 47 cCSC patients, and 43 healthy controls. In the fellow eyes of CSC, the retinal VD was significantly lower (all P < 0.05), and the FAZ was significantly larger (all P < 0.05) in the cCSC group than in healthy controls, while no difference was detected in the CC layer. There was no significant difference between the aCSC group and healthy controls in all OCTA parameters. In the affected eyes of CSC, the superficial retinal vessel density (SRVD) was significantly higher (all P < 0.05) in healthy controls than in the aCSC and cCSC groups, while the deep retinal vessel density (DRVD) was significantly lower (all P < 0.05) and the FAZ was larger (all P < 0.05) in the cCSC group than in the aCSC group and healthy controls. A liner regression equation was established: Y (BCVA, best corrected visual acuity) = 3.692-0.036✱X1 (DRVD-Fovea)-0.031✱X2 (FD-300, vessel density around the 300 μm width of the FAZ), R2 = 0.427. CONCLUSION Based on OCTA measurements, this study revealed that the retinal microvascular network was impaired even in the fellow eyes of those with cCSC, which should arouse attention to the observation of unilateral CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lin
- National Clinical Research Center of Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jianbo Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, China
| | - Shixin Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center of Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yiqi Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, China.
- National Clinical Research Center of Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Tombolini B, Battista M, Sacconi R, Servillo A, Camisa L, Bandello F, Querques G. Functionality of retinal vessels in central serous retinopathy: A comparison between eplerenone and photodynamic therapy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 33:1443-1451. [PMID: 36503297 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221145049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate retinal vessels functionality in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) undergoing oral eplerenone or photodynamic therapy (PDT) using Retinal Vessel Analyzer (RVA) and Dynamic Vessel Analyzer (DVA), respectively. Methods Treatment naïve acute CSC patients presenting between May 2017 and June 2017 were recruited. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed in all participants before and after oral eplerenone (eplerenone group) or half-dose PDT (PDT group). Results Eighteen eyes of 18 patients affected by acute CSC underwent either oral eplerenone (10 eyes of 10 patients, 47.6 ± 8.9 years old) or half-dose PDT (8 eyes of 8 patients, 57.4 ± 6.2 years old), respectively. After 2 months of treatment, non-significant variations of static retinal vessels analysis, dynamic arterial and venous dilatation were reported in eplerenone group. Similarly, in PDT group non-significant variations of static retinal vessels analysis, dynamic arterial and venous dilatation were found after 2 months of treatment. Conclusions Static and dynamic retinal functionalities in acute CSC may not be significantly improved by oral eplerenone and half-dose PDT. Although their choroidal effects, these treatments could not exert a significant effect on retinal vessels motility. Thus, both local and systemic therapies might not help avoiding the onset of vascular and other retinal known alterations of CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Tombolini
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Battista
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sacconi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Servillo
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Camisa
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Tschuppert S, Valmaggia C, Todorova MG. Patients with central serous chorioretinopathy not only have pachychoroidal disorders but also altered retinal metabolic function. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e1395-e1402. [PMID: 35174647 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to compare metabolic (oxygen saturation; %) and anatomical (diameter; μm) retinal vessel parameters of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) to those of controls. METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional cohort study, 72 eyes of patients with CSC were compared with 21 eyes of healthy controls. Of the 72 patients, 52 had chronic, nonactive CSC (subgroup nCSC) and 20 had active CSC (subgroup aCSC), according to activity on fluorescein angiography. Retinal vessel oximetry (RO) was performed using the Oxymap T1 oximeter. Oxygen saturation in all major peripapillary retinal arterioles (A-SO2 ) and venules (V-SO2 ) was measured, and their difference (A-V SO2 ) was calculated. In addition, we evaluated the corresponding diameter in retinal arterioles (D-A) and venules (D-V). For statistical evaluation, ANOVA-based linear mixed-effects models were calculated (SPSS®; p < 0.05). RESULTS Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients had significantly higher A-SO2 and V-SO2 compared to that of controls (p = 0.031 and p = 0.018 respectively). Especially, the subgroup of aCSC patients showed significantly higher A-SO2 and V-SO2 values (p = 0.027 and p = 0.034, respectively). In addition, superotemporal and superonasal quadrant location showed significant interactions with A-SO2 and V-SO2 (p ≤ 0.03). Diameter in retinal arterioles (D-A), an venules (D-V) and A-V SO2 findings showed no significant differences (p > 0.096). CONCLUSION These data indicate that patients with CSC have altered metabolic function. The presence of disease activity showed the greatest influence on RO measurement, both compared to controls and to those with inactive chronic CSC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Tschuppert
- Department of Ophthalmology Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Valmaggia
- Department of Ophthalmology Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Margarita G. Todorova
- Department of Ophthalmology Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
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Altunel O, Arifoglu HB. EVALUATION OF RETINAL VESSEL DIAMETERS IN EYES WITH ACTIVE CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY. Retina 2021; 41:861-866. [PMID: 32740489 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the retinal vessel diameters of healthy eyes and active central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) eyes, and to evaluate possible effect of retinal vessel diameter alterations on the pathogenesis of CSC. METHODS This retrospective study included 39 patients with CSC and 34 healthy individuals. Spectralis optical coherence tomography + HRA with an infrared reflectance image were used to evaluate structure of retinal vessels in the circular region around the optic disc. For each eye, vertical inner and outer diameters of the four major arteries and veins were measured using infrared reflectance images, and vessel wall thicknesses were also calculated based on inner and outer diameters. RESULTS The 304 vessels of the 39 active CSC eyes and 266 vessels of the 34 healthy eyes were used in the analyses. The mean venous wall thickness in active CSC eyes was significantly thicker than that in healthy eyes (40.0 ± 4.9 vs. 33.5 ± 4.1 μm, P = 0.001), whereas the mean venous inner diameter in active CSC eyes was significantly narrower (52.5 ± 9.7 vs. 61.3 ± 8.1 μm, P = 0.001). Also, the mean venous outer diameter was wider in CSC eyes, albeit not significantly (131.1 ± 7.0 vs. 128.5 ± 8.4 μm, P = 0.074). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the alterations of retinal venous diameters may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of CSC in addition to alterations in choroidal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Altunel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Evliya Celebi Education and Research Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey ; and
| | - Hasan Basri Arifoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Early alterations in retinal microvasculature on swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3129. [PMID: 33542349 PMCID: PMC7862300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the retinal blood flow in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) over an observational period of 1 month using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCTA), focusing especially on changes in the area of subretinal fluid (A-SRF). We correlated these findings with conventional indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). ICGA and SS-OCTA images were collected and analyzed of 12 eyes of 12 patients. The A-SRF was annotated and a qualitative analysis of choriocapillaris, the vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) of the retinal superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) was performed in A-SRF and the unaffected remaining area (RA). The VD and PD in the DCP were statistically significantly lower in A-SRF than in the RA at baseline. (VD: p = 0.014; PD: p = 0.036). After 1 month, there was a statistically significant difference in the VD and PD of the DCP (VD: p = 0.015; PD: p = 0.014), and for the PD of the SCP between the A-SRF and the RA (p = 0.015), with lower values in the A-SRF. We found low perfused areas in choriocapillaris corresponding to hypofluorescent areas on ICGA. In conclusion there is a difference in VD and VD of the DCP in the area of SRF in acute CSC. These alterations may lead to a chronic change in the microvasculature and potentially to morphological changes.
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Penas S, Castro P, Pereira G, Oliveira AM, Carneiro AM, Rocha-Sousa A, Azevedo E, Falcão-Reis FM. Cerebral Neurovascular Coupling Impairment in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmic Res 2020; 65:446-454. [PMID: 32564029 DOI: 10.1159/000509553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a chorioretinal disorder resulting from choroidal hyperpermeability. Its comorbidities as hypertension, coronary disease and psychological stress, suggest that it might reflect a more generalized vascular dysfunction. Objectives To assess the cerebrovascular regulation integrity, using cerebral autoregulation (CA), carbon dioxide vasoreactivity (VR) and neurovascular coupling (NVC) in CSCR. Methods This observational pilot study included 20 CSCR patients and 14 age and sex-matched controls. A State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) inquiry was full-filled. Continuous measurement of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), arterial blood pressure, heart rate and end-tidal carbon dioxide was performed. VR was assessed during hypercapnia (inhaling carbogen gas) and hypnocapnia (hyperventilation). For NVC, the CBFV relative increase during mental activation using the N-Back Task was calculated. Results No significant differences in systemic hemodynamic parameters, CA or VR were found between both groups. During the NVC performance, the average CBFV rise during mental stress was significantly lower in CSCR (p=0.011). A significant negative correlation was found between STAI scores and NVC. Conclusions CSCR patients presented a significantly impaired cerebral NVC compared to controls, supporting the theory of a potential systemic vascular dysfunction. Stress could be related to this NVC impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Penas
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Castro
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Pereira
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Marta Oliveira
- Investigation Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Angela M Carneiro
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amândio Rocha-Sousa
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elsa Azevedo
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Falcão-Reis
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Ahiante BO, Smith W, Lammertyn L, Schutte AE. Leptin and the Retinal Microvasculature in Young Black and White Adults: The African-PREDICT Study. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 29:1823-1831. [PMID: 32622912 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin is a vasoactive peptide that has been linked to diseases associated with macrovascular deterioration. What is still uncertain is its involvement in the microvasculature. Since microvascular changes are presumed to precede macrovascular deterioration, we examined whether measures of the retinal microvasculature are associated with leptin in healthy, young Black and White individuals. METHOD We included 283 Black and 289 White men and women (aged 20-30 years). We determined serum leptin, calculated central retinal artery and vein equivalents and arterio-venous ratio. We also measured retinal vessel responses to light flicker provocation. RESULTS Black men were leaner and had lower leptin than White men, whereas Black women had increased adiposity and leptin compared to White women (all p<0.001). Black groups had narrower retinal arteries, and greater maximum arteriolar and venular dilations in response to light flicker than the White groups (p<0.001). Arterio-venous ratio associated negatively with leptin (all p≤0.044) in all groups (except Black women), but was lost upon adjustment for body mass index and other covariates. We found an inverse association between maximal venular dilation and leptin only in Black men in single and multiple regression analyses (Std β= -0.22; R2=0.05; p=0.035). No associations were found between other retinal measures with leptin in the other groups. CONCLUSION We found an independent, negative association between retinal vein dilation with leptin in healthy, young Black men, suggesting a potential detrimental role for leptin in regulating microvascular responses in a population group known to be at greater risk of cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayne Smith
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Medical Research Council: Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Leandi Lammertyn
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Medical Research Council: Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Aletta Elisabeth Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Medical Research Council: Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia.
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Mao J, Lin J, Zhu L, Liu C, Yu X, Zhang C, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Shen L. Quantitative Assessment of Retinal Capillary Vessel Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Area in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using OCTA. Ophthalmologica 2020; 243:370-378. [PMID: 31962342 DOI: 10.1159/000504053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively assess the retinal capillary vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients compared to healthy subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and determine their correlation with visual acuity (VA). METHODS This was a cross-sectional, case-control study. All subjects were divided into three groups: acute CSC, chronic CSC, and healthy controls. The best-corrected VA test, optical coherence tomography, and OCTA were performed on the same day. In this study, we recorded and compared the main data of FAZ and VD in 3 × 3 mm OCTA images among three groups, also calculated the correlation between OCTA variables and VA in CSC patients. RESULTS A total of 148 subjects (148 eyes) were included in this study, with 50 eyes in acute CSC, 48 eyes in chronic CSC, and 50 eyes in control groups. The mean age was 50.11 ± 8.14 years. Chronic CSC had the significantly lowest VD both on the superficial and deep retina and the largest FAZ (0.39 ± 0.13 mm2) compared to acute CSC and controls (all p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between acute CSC and controls on VD or FAZ (both p > 0.05). In chronic CSC, both the decreased VD on deep retina and expanded FAZ were correlated with a worse VA (both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS OCTA could serve as a reliable tool to evaluate different courses of CSC quantitively. In 3 × 3 mm OCTA images, both decreased VD and expanded FAZ were observed in chronic CSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Mao
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Lin
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Liu
- Chicago College of Optometry, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Xueting Yu
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Chen
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Department of Retina Center, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China,
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Battista M, Borrelli E, Parravano M, Gelormini F, Tedeschi M, De Geronimo D, Sacconi R, Querques L, Bandello F, Querques G. OCTA characterisation of microvascular retinal alterations in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 104:1453-1457. [PMID: 31949095 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe the characteristics of microvascular retinal alterations in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) employing optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) analysis. METHODS We collected data from 472 eyes with chronic CSC from 336 patients who had OCTA obtained. Each OCTA image was graded by two readers to assess the presence of microvascular retinal alterations, including regions of vascular rarefaction/retinal hypoperfusion, enlargement of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and presence of telangiectasias or microaneurysms. Volume spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans were obtained through the macula and the OCT was correlated with the OCTA findings in eyes with retinal vascular alterations. RESULTS OCTA displayed microvascular retinal alterations in 18 out of 474 eyes (3.6%) from 14 patients (13 male and 1 female; mean±SD age was 54.7±11.1 years). One eye displayed the presence of retinal telangiectasias, while 17 out of 18 eyes were graded as having areas of retinal vascular rarefactions, and 3 out of 17 eyes were also characterised by an enlargement of the FAZ. The parafoveal region was the location most involved by retinal vascular changes (66,7%), followed by foveal (22,2%) and perifoveal (11.1%) regions, respectively. CONCLUSION Although CSC is known to represent a choroidal disorder, retinal vascular alterations may be present in these eyes and OCTA may represent a useful tool to identify and describe them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Battista
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Borrelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Gelormini
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Riccardo Sacconi
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lea Querques
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milano, Italy
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Multimodal retinal imaging in central serous chorioretinopathy treated with oral eplerenone or photodynamic therapy. Eye (Lond) 2017; 32:55-66. [PMID: 29265111 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo correlate function and structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) to optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) measures in patients affected by central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to describe their changes after treatments (ie oral eplerenone, half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT)).Patients and methodsTwenty eyes of 16 consecutive patients with treatment-naïve CSC undergoing either eplerenone or PDT were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. All patients underwent structural OCT and OCT-A at baseline and after therapy at months 1 and 3.ResultsEleven eyes of nine patients and nine eyes of seven patients underwent eplerenone or PDT treatment, respectively. Central macular thickness (CMT) and subretinal fluid (SRF) correlated to fovea avascular zone (FAZ) area (r=0.74 and r=0.71, P=0.01) and vessel density (r=0.77 and r=0.68, P=0.01) at deep capillary plexus (DCP). CMT (P=0.0011), SRF (P=0.0005), SFCT (P=0.0016), FAZ area at DCP (P=0.0334) improved at 3-month visit. A significant reduction of deep FAZ area was appreciated in eplerenone (P=0.0204) but not in PDT (P=0.5) group. SFCT reduction was significantly higher in PDT than eplerenone group (P=0.0347).ConclusionStructural and vascular parameters are correlated in CSC and they improve after different treatments. Both half-fluence PDT and oral eplerenone do not permanently damage choriocapillaris or other choroidal layers as evaluated by OCT-A.
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