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Sakima A, Akagi Y, Akasaki Y, Fujii T, Haze T, Kawakami-Mori F, Kitajima K, Kobayashi Y, Matayoshi T, Sakaguchi T, Yamazato M, Abe M, Ohya Y, Arima H. Effectiveness of digital health interventions for telemedicine/telehealth for managing blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01792-7. [PMID: 38977877 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials or observational studies that compare digital health interventions (DHIs) for telemedicine/telehealth versus usual care for managing blood pressure (BP) in adults. We searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and IchuShi-Web, and used a random-effects meta-analysis of the weighted mean difference (MD) between the comparison groups to pool data from the included studies. The outcome included the pooled MD of office BP from baseline to each follow-up period. This meta-analysis considered 117 studies with 68677 participants as eligible. The 3-month intervention period reduced office systolic BP (SBP) compared with usual care in 38 studies (MD: -3.21 mmHg [95% confidence interval: -4.51 to -1.90]), with evidence of heterogeneity. Office SBP across intervention periods demonstrated comparable effects (3-, 6- [54 studies], 12- [43 studies], and >12-month periods [9 studies]). The benefits for office diastolic BP were similar to those for office SBP. Additionally, the interventions significantly reduced the office SBP compared with the control, regardless of the mode of intervention delivery (smartphone apps [38 studies], text messages [35 studies], and websites [34 studies]) or type of facility (medical [74 studies] vs. non-medical [33 studies]). The interventions were more effective in 41 hypertension cohorts compared with 66 non-hypertension cohorts (-4.81 mmHg [-6.33, -3.29] vs. -2.17 mmHg [-3.15, -1.19], P = 0.006 for heterogeneity). In conclusion, DHIs for telemedicine/telehealth improved BP management compared with usual care. The effectiveness with heterogeneity should be considered, as prudent for implementing evidence-based medicine. This meta-analysis considered 117 studies with 68677 participants eligible. The DHIs for telemedicine/telehealth reduced office BP compared with usual care, regardless of intervention duration, intervention delivery mode, facility type, and cohort type. Additionally, the DHIs reduced the risk of uncontrolled BP compared with usual care, regardless of intervention duration, intervention delivery mode, and facility type. BP blood pressure, DHI digital health intervention, MD mean difference, RR risk ratio, SBP systolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sakima
- Health Administration Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Yuya Akagi
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Akasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takako Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Haze
- YCU Center for Novel and Exploratory Clinical Trials (Y-NEXT), Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kawakami-Mori
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Co-Creation Innovation Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Sakaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohya
- University Hospital of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ali HI, Al Ketbi LB, Platat C, Abdl El Baki H, Elmi F, Ibrahim W, Zoubeidi T, Al Dhaheri AS, Cheikh Ismail L, Tariq MNM, Souka U, Yasin J, Stojanovska L. Impact of Skills for Change Program on metabolic control, diet and physical activity levels in adults with type 2 diabetes: A cluster randomized trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304639. [PMID: 38820345 PMCID: PMC11142497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in the Arab Gulf countries. Despite this, limited culturally-adapted lifestyle intervention studies have been conducted in this region. METHODS In this culturally adapted 12-month cluster randomized trial, 382 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 20-70 years were recruited from 6 public healthcare centers (3 interventions and 3 controls) in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. The primary outcome of this study was a change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The secondary outcomes were Body Mass Index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, dietary intake, and physical activity levels. A diet and physical activity intervention, guided by the social cognitive theory, was delivered individually and in group format to the intervention group. The control group continued receiving only their usual diabetes management care. The data were collected at baseline and 1 year after participation. RESULTS The mean baseline HbA1c levels of the control and the intervention groups were 7.45 ± 0.11% and 7.81 ± 0.11%, respectively. At the end of the 12-month intervention, there was no significant difference in the changes of mean HbA1c between the intervention and the control groups. On the other hand, BMI and daily caloric intake were significantly decreased in the intervention compared to the control group by 1.18 kg/m2 (95% CI: -1.78 - -0.60) and 246 kcal (95% CI: -419.52 - -77.21), respectively, after controlling for age, gender, education, marital status, duration since diabetes diagnosis, diabetes treatment, treatment clinic, and baseline values. Sitting time during the week-end was significantly lower, difference 52.53 minutes (95% CI: 93.93 - -11.14). CONCLUSIONS This community-based lifestyle intervention for patients with baseline HbA1c <8% did not result in a significant decrease of HbA1c but reduced caloric intake, body weight, and weekend inactivity after controlling for the covariates. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered on February 11, 2020 with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04264793).
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba I. Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Carine Platat
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanan Abdl El Baki
- Ambulatory Health Care Services, Abu Dhabi Healthcare Services, Al, Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fadima Elmi
- Department of Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Wissam Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taoufik Zoubeidi
- Department of Analytics in the Digital Era, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam N. M. Tariq
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Usama Souka
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javed Yasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lily Stojanovska
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Tong HL, Alnasser A, Alshahrani NZ, Bawaked RA, AlAhmed R, Alsukait RF, Rakic S, Cetinkaya V, Al-Hazzaa HM, Alqahtani SA. The Use of Mobile Technologies to Promote Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Behaviors in the Middle East and North Africa Region: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e53651. [PMID: 38502160 PMCID: PMC10988381 DOI: 10.2196/53651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region faces unique challenges in promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviors, as the prevalence of insufficient physical activity is higher than the global average. Mobile technologies present a promising approach to delivering behavioral interventions; however, little is known about the effectiveness and user perspectives on these technologies in the MENA region. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile interventions targeting physical activity and sedentary behaviors in the MENA region and explore users' perspectives on these interventions as well as any other outcomes that might influence users' adoption and use of mobile technologies (eg, appropriateness and cultural fit). METHODS A systematic search of 5 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Global Index Medicus) was performed. Any primary studies (participants of all ages regardless of medical condition) conducted in the MENA region that investigated the use of mobile technologies and reported any measures of physical activity, sedentary behaviors, or user perceptions were included. We conducted a narrative synthesis of all studies and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included RCTs; quality assessment of the rest of the included studies was completed using the relevant Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS In total, 27 articles describing 22 interventions (n=10, 37% RCTs) and 4 (15%) nonexperimental studies were included (n=6141, 46% women). Half (11/22, 50%) of the interventions included mobile apps, whereas the other half examined SMS. The main app functions were goal setting and self-monitoring of activity, whereas SMS interventions were primarily used to deliver educational content. Users in experimental studies described several benefits of the interventions (eg, gaining knowledge and receiving reminders to be active). Engagement with the interventions was poorly reported; few studies (8/27, 30%) examined users' perspectives on the appropriateness or cultural fit of the interventions. Nonexperimental studies examined users' perspectives on mobile apps and fitness trackers, reporting several barriers to their use, such as perceived lack of usefulness, loss of interest, and technical issues. The meta-analysis of RCTs showed a positive effect of mobile interventions on physical activity outcomes (standardized mean difference=0.45, 95% CI 0.17-0.73); several sensitivity analyses showed similar results. The trim-and-fill method showed possible publication bias. Only 20% (2/10) of the RCTs measured sedentary behaviors; both reported positive changes. CONCLUSIONS The use of mobile interventions for physical activity and sedentary behaviors in the MENA region is in its early stages, with preliminary evidence of effectiveness. Policy makers and researchers should invest in high-quality studies to evaluate long-term effectiveness, intervention engagement, and implementation outcomes, which can inform the design of culturally and socially appropriate interventions for countries in the MENA region. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023392699; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=392699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Ly Tong
- Cultural and Indigenous Research Centre Australia, Redfern, Australia
- The World Bank Group, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Aroub Alnasser
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najim Z Alshahrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowaedh A Bawaked
- Department of Public Health, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem AlAhmed
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
- Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Alqahtani
- Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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de Oliveira VLP, de Paula TP, Viana LV. Pedometer- and accelerometer- based physical activity interventions in Type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:548-558. [PMID: 38220510 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Although accelerometer- and pedometer-based physical activity (PA) interventions can increase PA, there is no solid evidence for their benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) was to determine the effects of accelerometer- and pedometer-based PA interventions on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting glucose, weight, BMI, blood pressure, lipids, and PA in adults with T2DM. DATA SYNTHESIS Records from MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, and Scopus were searched from inception through March 28th, 2022. RCTs of at least two weeks of duration evaluated the effectiveness of pedometers or accelerometers as motivating tools for increasing PA in T2DM patients. This study was registered with PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA reporting guide. Of the 7131 non-duplicated articles retrieved, 24 RCTs (1969 patients) were included. The mean baseline HbA1c of the experimental group of included studies varied from 6.3 ± 0.9 % to 9.0 ± 0.01 %. The accelerometer- and pedometer-based PA interventions resulted in a greater improvement in HbA1c (-0.22 %; 95%CI, -0.4 % to -0.05 %; I2 = 77 %) and triglycerides (-13.11 mg/dL; 95%CI, -25.21 to -1.02; I2 = 22 %) versus control participants. Pedometer ambulatory use as a motivating tool significantly increased PA by 2,131 steps/day (95 % CI, 1,348 to 2,914; I2 = 74 %) in T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS Pedometers and accelerometers are associated with reductions in HbA1c and triglycerides when used as motivating tools. Larger and higher-quality studies are required to determine the full effects of PA as motivated by trackers in T2DM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L P de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana P de Paula
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciana V Viana
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350 sala 401, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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5
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Alharbi TAF, Alhumaidi B, Alharbi MN, D Ngo A, Alasqah I, Alharbi HF, Albagawi B. Diabetes education self-management intervention in improving self-efficacy for people with type 2 diabetes in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102906. [PMID: 38000097 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes education self-management intervention for improving self-efficacy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. METHODS The Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology was applied to conduct a systematic review of type 2 diabetes interventions published from 2012 to 2022. This involved searching major databases, including Ovid, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The focus was on studies involving adults aged 18 or older with a Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) diagnosis, randomized controlled trials, and full-text English-language articles, while excluding materials such as editorials and conference abstracts. RESULTS A total of 689 relevant articles initially retrieved; ultimately, only five studies met the inclusion criteria of this review. All five included studies were randomised control trials, and all five studies indicated that there was a significant and positive impact of diabetes education self-management intervention on diet and physical activities. Furthermore, three of the included studies indicated that interventions led to a substantial reduction in the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among people with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes education is an effective way of improving the health outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes education self-management interventions significantly increase the self-efficacy of people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) by enabling them to effectively control their blood glucose levels. Therefore, this study recommended that the GCC countries need to implement education intervention programmes to help and support people with Type 2 Diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talal Ali F Alharbi
- Department of Community, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; College of Nursing, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Al Bukayriah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bandar Alhumaidi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Taiba University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar Nuwayfi Alharbi
- Department of Health Education, University Medical Center, Taiba University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew D Ngo
- Department of Community, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alasqah
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia; School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander Albagawi
- Medical Surgical Department, College of Nursing University of Hail, Hail City, Saudi Arabia
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Tariq MNM, Stojanovska L, Dhaheri ASA, Cheikh Ismail L, Apostolopoulos V, Ali HI. Lifestyle Interventions for Prevention and Management of Diet-Linked Non-Communicable Diseases among Adults in Arab Countries. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010045. [PMID: 36611505 PMCID: PMC9819169 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidences of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases among adults are becoming the chief public health concern in most Arab countries. Economic expansion has contributed to a nutrition shift from a traditional seasonal diet to Westernized eating habits coupled with a sedentary lifestyle. Despite the rising concern for NCD mortality, public health policies are inadequately addressed. This narrative review aims to discuss the effectiveness of nutritional interventions focusing on diet and physical activity in the management of NCDs among Arab adults. A comprehensive literature search was performed using different database platforms such as Cochrane reviews, Scopus, and PubMed for articles published between 1 December 2012 and 31 December 2021. Fifteen recent research articles addressing NCDs, mainly diabetes and obesity, from different Arab countries were included in this review. Structured lifestyle interventions involving behavioral therapy approaches and personalized goals for diet and physical activity were found to improve specific health outcomes in most studies. Significant improvements in health outcomes were reported for longer-duration interventions with follow-ups. A combination of both online and face-to-face sessions was found to be effective. It is important to identify barriers to physical activity for a culturally acceptable lifestyle intervention and conduct further studies to evaluate interventions for the long-term maintenance of health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naveed Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Nutrition & Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lily Stojanovska
- Department of Nutrition & Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition & Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Habiba I. Ali
- Department of Nutrition & Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-03-713-6556
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Hangaard S, Laursen SH, Andersen JD, Kronborg T, Vestergaard P, Hejlesen O, Udsen FW. The Effectiveness of Telemedicine Solutions for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2021; 17:794-825. [PMID: 34957864 DOI: 10.1177/19322968211064633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous systematic reviews have aimed to clarify the effect of telemedicine on diabetes. However, such reviews often have a narrow focus, which calls for a more comprehensive systematic review within the field. Hence, the objective of the present systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression is to evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine solutions versus any comparator without the use of telemedicine on diabetes-related outcomes among adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We considered telemedicine randomized controlled trials (RCT) including adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with T2D. Change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %) was the primary outcome. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched on October 14, 2020. An overall treatment effect was estimated using a meta-analysis performed on the pool of included studies based on the mean difference (MD). The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was applied and the certainty of evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. RESULTS The final sample of papers included a total of 246, of which 168 had sufficient information to calculate the effect of HbA1c%. The results favored telemedicine, with an MD of -0.415% (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.482% to -0.348%). The heterogeneity was great (I2 = 93.05%). A monitoring component gave rise to the higher effects of telemedicine. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, telemedicine may serve as a valuable supplement to usual care for patients with T2D. The inclusion of a telemonitoring component seems to increase the effect of telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Hangaard
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sisse H Laursen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Nursing, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jonas D Andersen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kronborg
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Vestergaard
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ole Hejlesen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Flemming W Udsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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A systematic review of interventions to promote physical activity in six Gulf countries. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259058. [PMID: 34710147 PMCID: PMC8553078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) levels are low in Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC; Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates). We carried out a systematic review (PROSPERO registration number 131817) to assess the effect of interventions to increase PA levels in this region. We also assessed their effects on anthropometry and cardiovascular risk. A systematic search of six databases (Medline, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science) was performed to identify randomized and non-randomized intervention studies performed in adults and children published between January 1985 and November 2020. We included studies published in English or Arabic, and included PA interventions regardless of setting, delivery, and duration. The primary outcomes were changes in PA duration and intensity. Secondary outcomes included anthropometric measures (e.g., weight, body mass index) and cardiovascular risk profiles (e.g., lipid measures, blood glucose). Two independent reviewers screened studies in accordance with pre-determined criteria, extracted data, assessed risk of bias (Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and Newcastle Ottawa Scale) and undertook a narrative synthesis. From 13,026 records identified, 14 studies were included. Nine studies focussed exclusively on changing PA behaviour, resulting in statistically significant increases in step count ranging from an additional 757 steps/day (95% confidence interval [CI] 0-1,513) to 3,853 steps/day (95% CI 3,703-4,002). Five identified studies were multi-component lifestyle interventions, targeting people at higher risk (due to obesity or type 2 diabetes). Evidence for increases in PA from multi-component studies was limited, although improvements were seen in outcomes e.g. body weight and blood lipid levels. In conclusion, relatively few studies have focussed on changing PA behaviour, despite the urgent need in the GCC. Limited evidence suggested that pedometer-based programmes encouraging step counting and walking were effective in promoting PA, at least in the short term. Policies to roll out such interventions should be implemented and evaluated.
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Al Ghafri T, Anwar H, Al Hinai E, Al Harthi T, Al Jufaili F, Al Siyabi R, Al Harthi S, Al Hasani S, Al Harthi M, Al Harthi S. Study protocol: behaviour change intervention to promote healthy diet and physical activity in overweight/obese adults with diabetes attending health care facilities in Muscat: a cluster rendomised control trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1529. [PMID: 34376181 PMCID: PMC8353738 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention in promoting physical activity (PA) and healthy diet and its implications on body mass index and glycemic control in adults with diabetes attending primary care. METHODS A one year 1:1 cluster randomized controlled trial will be utilized to compare the use of phone consultations, a multi component interactive phone application and pedometers with the usual diabetes care on promoting PA and healthy diet. Participants will be screened for inactivity and should be T2D, aged18-65 years, and overweight or obese. Eight primary centers will be randomly selected in each arm (n = 375). The primary outcome is the between arms differences in PA and diet scores, BMI and HbA1c over 12 months from baseline. Additionally, secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular outcomes (BP, and lipids). The trial has received ethical approval from the Omani Research and Ethical Review and Approval Committee. All eligible participants will be invited to their respected health centers to provide informed consent. DISCUSSION This study will contribute to the integration of healthy lifestyle approach using artificial intelligence to primary diabetes care. Results from this study will be disseminated through workshops, policy briefs, and peer-reviewed publications, local and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number ISRCTN71889430 . Date applied: 28/11/2020. Date assigned: 01/12/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra Al Ghafri
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Huda Anwar
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Eiman Al Hinai
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Thuraya Al Harthi
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Fathiya Al Jufaili
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Reyadh Al Siyabi
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Shamsa Al Harthi
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Said Al Hasani
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al Harthi
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saud Al Harthi
- Directorate of health services, Muscat governorate, Oman Ministry of Health, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman
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Alfian R, Athiyah U, Nita Y. Social media health interventions to improve diabetes mellitus patient outcome: a systematic review. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:297-304. [PMID: 34214330 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of modern technology and social media has revolutionized the way health information is distributed to diabetes mellitus patients. Social media can be used as a medium of providing health interventions to improve patient health outcomes. Social media is able to provide a more intensive communication facility between healthcare professionals and patients. We aim to systematically review and describe the effect of social media interventions on health outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS A systematic review was carried out from three electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, and Medline). Eligible publications are studies that describe the application of social media interventions on the health outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus. RESULTS Fourteen studies were selected for this systematic review, 10 studies with a randomized controlled trial design, and 4 studies with a nonrandomized controlled trial design. Six studies only used interventions using social media, A blend of face-to-face social media intervention was used in 6 studies, 2 studies used a combination of telephone and social media intervention. One study had treatment behavior outcomes with improvement in treatment behavior, 6 studies had clinical outcomes (an improvement in HbA1c values in the four studies), 6 studies had treatment behavior outcomes and clinical outcomes (1 study had improved treatment behavior and clinical outcomes, 3 studies had improved treatment behavior outcome only), and 1 study had medication adherence outcome (no improvement in medication adherence). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the intervention using social media can improve the health outcomes of diabetes mellitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riza Alfian
- Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Umi Athiyah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yunita Nita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Petkovic J, Duench S, Trawin J, Dewidar O, Pardo Pardo J, Simeon R, DesMeules M, Gagnon D, Hatcher Roberts J, Hossain A, Pottie K, Rader T, Tugwell P, Yoganathan M, Presseau J, Welch V. Behavioural interventions delivered through interactive social media for health behaviour change, health outcomes, and health equity in the adult population. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 5:CD012932. [PMID: 34057201 PMCID: PMC8406980 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012932.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social networking platforms offer a wide reach for public health interventions allowing communication with broad audiences using tools that are generally free and straightforward to use and may be combined with other components, such as public health policies. We define interactive social media as activities, practices, or behaviours among communities of people who have gathered online to interactively share information, knowledge, and opinions. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the effectiveness of interactive social media interventions, in which adults are able to communicate directly with each other, on changing health behaviours, body functions, psychological health, well-being, and adverse effects. Our secondary objective was to assess the effects of these interventions on the health of populations who experience health inequity as defined by PROGRESS-Plus. We assessed whether there is evidence about PROGRESS-Plus populations being included in studies and whether results are analysed across any of these characteristics. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE (including trial registries) and PsycINFO. We used Google, Web of Science, and relevant web sites to identify additional studies and searched reference lists of included studies. We searched for published and unpublished studies from 2001 until June 1, 2020. We did not limit results by language. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-and-after (CBAs) and interrupted time series studies (ITSs). We included studies in which the intervention website, app, or social media platform described a goal of changing a health behaviour, or included a behaviour change technique. The social media intervention had to be delivered to adults via a commonly-used social media platform or one that mimicked a commonly-used platform. We included studies comparing an interactive social media intervention alone or as a component of a multi-component intervention with either a non-interactive social media control or an active but less-interactive social media comparator (e.g. a moderated versus an unmoderated discussion group). Our main outcomes were health behaviours (e.g. physical activity), body function outcomes (e.g. blood glucose), psychological health outcomes (e.g. depression), well-being, and adverse events. Our secondary outcomes were process outcomes important for behaviour change and included knowledge, attitudes, intention and motivation, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and social support. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used a pre-tested data extraction form and collected data independently, in duplicate. Because we aimed to assess broad outcomes, we extracted only one outcome per main and secondary outcome categories prioritised by those that were the primary outcome as reported by the study authors, used in a sample size calculation, and patient-important. MAIN RESULTS We included 88 studies (871,378 participants), of which 84 were RCTs, three were CBAs and one was an ITS. The majority of the studies were conducted in the USA (54%). In total, 86% were conducted in high-income countries and the remaining 14% in upper middle-income countries. The most commonly used social media platform was Facebook (39%) with few studies utilising other platforms such as WeChat, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Google Hangouts. Many studies (48%) used web-based communities or apps that mimic functions of these well-known social media platforms. We compared studies assessing interactive social media interventions with non-interactive social media interventions, which included paper-based or in-person interventions or no intervention. We only reported the RCT results in our 'Summary of findings' table. We found a range of effects on health behaviours, such as breastfeeding, condom use, diet quality, medication adherence, medical screening and testing, physical activity, tobacco use, and vaccination. For example, these interventions may increase physical activity and medical screening tests but there was little to no effect for other health behaviours, such as improved diet or reduced tobacco use (20,139 participants in 54 RCTs). For body function outcomes, interactive social media interventions may result in small but important positive effects, such as a small but important positive effect on weight loss and a small but important reduction in resting heart rate (4521 participants in 30 RCTs). Interactive social media may improve overall well-being (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.79, moderate effect, low-certainty evidence) demonstrated by an increase of 3.77 points on a general well-being scale (from 1.15 to 6.48 points higher) where scores range from 14 to 70 (3792 participants in 16 studies). We found no difference in effect on psychological outcomes (depression and distress) representing a difference of 0.1 points on a standard scale in which scores range from 0 to 63 points (SMD -0.01, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.12, low-certainty evidence, 2070 participants in 12 RCTs). We also compared studies assessing interactive social media interventions with those with an active but less interactive social media control (11 studies). Four RCTs (1523 participants) that reported on physical activity found an improvement demonstrated by an increase of 28 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week (from 10 to 47 minutes more, SMD 0.35, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.59, small effect, very low-certainty evidence). Two studies found little to no difference in well-being for those in the intervention and control groups (SMD 0.02, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.13, small effect, low-certainty evidence), demonstrated by a mean change of 0.4 points on a scale with a range of 0 to 100. Adverse events related to the social media component of the interventions, such as privacy issues, were not reported in any of our included studies. We were unable to conduct planned subgroup analyses related to health equity as only four studies reported relevant data. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This review combined data for a variety of outcomes and found that social media interventions that aim to increase physical activity may be effective and social media interventions may improve well-being. While we assessed many other outcomes, there were too few studies to compare or, where there were studies, the evidence was uncertain. None of our included studies reported adverse effects related to the social media component of the intervention. Future studies should assess adverse events related to the interactive social media component and should report on population characteristics to increase our understanding of the potential effect of these interventions on reducing health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Omar Dewidar
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jordi Pardo Pardo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Rosiane Simeon
- Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marie DesMeules
- Social Determinants and Science Integration/ Direction des déterminants sociaux et de l'intégration scientifique, Public Health Agency of Canada/Agence de santé publique du Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Diane Gagnon
- Department of Communication, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Alomgir Hossain
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kevin Pottie
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tamara Rader
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Ottawa, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Justin Presseau
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Vivian Welch
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Represas-Carrera F, Couso-Viana S, Méndez-López F, Masluk B, Magallón-Botaya R, Recio-Rodríguez JI, Pombo H, Leiva-Rus A, Gil-Girbau M, Motrico E, Martí-Lluch R, Gude F, Clavería A. Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Intervention in Primary Care That Addresses Patients with Diabetes Mellitus with Two or More Unhealthy Habits, Such as Diet, Physical Activity or Smoking: Multicenter Randomized Cluster Trial (EIRA Study). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5788. [PMID: 34071171 PMCID: PMC8198299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: We evaluated the effectiveness of an individual, group and community intervention to improve the glycemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus aged 45-75 years with two or three unhealthy life habits. As secondary endpoints, we evaluated the inverventions' effectiveness on adhering to Mediterranean diet, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking and quality of life. Method: A randomized clinical cluster (health centers) trial with two parallel groups in Spain from January 2016 to December 2019 was used. Patients with diabetes mellitus aged 45-75 years with two unhealthy life habits or more (smoking, not adhering to Mediterranean diet or little physical activity) participated. Centers were randomly assigned. The sample size was estimated to be 420 people for the main outcome variable. Educational intervention was done to improve adherence to Mediterranean diet, physical activity and smoking cessation by individual, group and community interventions for 12 months. Controls received the usual health care. The outcome variables were: HbA1c (main), the Mediterranean diet adherence score (MEDAS), the international diet quality index (DQI-I), the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), sedentary lifestyle, smoking ≥1 cigarette/day and the EuroQuol questionnaire (EVA-EuroQol5D5L). Results: In total, 13 control centers (n = 356) and 12 intervention centers (n = 338) were included with similar baseline conditions. An analysis for intention-to-treat was done by applying multilevel mixed models fitted by basal values and the health center: the HbA1c adjusted mean difference = -0.09 (95% CI: -0.29-0.10), the DQI-I adjusted mean difference = 0.25 (95% CI: -0.32-0.82), the MEDAS adjusted mean difference = 0.45 (95% CI: 0.01-0.89), moderate/high physical activity OR = 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64-1.86), not living a sedentary lifestyle OR = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.55-1.73), no smoking OR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.54-1.06), EVA adjusted mean difference = -1.26 (95% CI: -4.98-2.45). Conclusions: No statistically significant changes were found for either glycemic control or physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking and quality of life. The multicomponent individual, group and community interventions only showed a statistically significant improvement in adhering to Mediterranean diet. Such innovative interventions need further research to demonstrate their effectiveness in patients with poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Represas-Carrera
- Galicia South Health Research Institute, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Technical Block, Floor 2, Roal Clara Campoamor nº 341, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (S.C.-V.); (A.C.)
| | - Sabela Couso-Viana
- Galicia South Health Research Institute, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Technical Block, Floor 2, Roal Clara Campoamor nº 341, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (S.C.-V.); (A.C.)
| | - Fátima Méndez-López
- Aragonese Research Group in Primary Care (GAIAP), Institute of Health Research, Avenue San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (F.M.-L.); (B.M.); (R.M.-B.)
| | - Bárbara Masluk
- Aragonese Research Group in Primary Care (GAIAP), Institute of Health Research, Avenue San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (F.M.-L.); (B.M.); (R.M.-B.)
| | - Rosa Magallón-Botaya
- Aragonese Research Group in Primary Care (GAIAP), Institute of Health Research, Avenue San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (F.M.-L.); (B.M.); (R.M.-B.)
| | - Jose I. Recio-Rodríguez
- San Juan Health Centre, Salamanca Primary Care Research Unit (APISAL), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy (University of Salamanca), Avenue Portugal 83, 2 Floor, 37005 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Haizea Pombo
- Ezkerraldea-Enkarterri-Cruces Integrated Health Organisation, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute Innovation Unit, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Leiva-Rus
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Highway Valldemosa 79, 07120 Palma, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Gil-Girbau
- Research Group in Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA), Research and Development Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Street Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Emma Motrico
- Psychology Department, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Avenue of the Universities, s/n, 41704 Dos Hermanas, Spain;
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- Girona Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation (IDIAPJGol), Street Maluquer Salvador 11, 17002 Girona, Spain;
| | - Francisco Gude
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Research Methods Group, Santiago Institute of Sanitary Research (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Travesía da Choupana, s/n, 157056 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Ana Clavería
- Galicia South Health Research Institute, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Technical Block, Floor 2, Roal Clara Campoamor nº 341, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (S.C.-V.); (A.C.)
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Al-Ghafri TS, Al-Harthi S, Al-Farsi Y, Craigie AM, Bannerman E, Anderson AS. Changes in Self-Efficacy and Social Support after an Intervention to Increase Physical Activity Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Oman: A 12-month follow-up of the MOVEdiabetes trial. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021; 21:e42-e49. [PMID: 33777422 PMCID: PMC7968896 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2021.21.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to describe changes in self-efficacy (SE) and social support (SS) 12 months after the MOVEdiabetes trial, an intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Oman. Methods The original MOVEdiabetes trial was conducted between April 2016 and June 2017 in Muscat, Oman. The intervention group (IG) received personalised PA consultations, pedometers and monthly messages using a web-based application, while the comparison group received usual care. Self-reported SE and SS from family and friends were assessed using validated psychosocial scales. Results Of the 232 original participants in the trial, a total of 174 completed the 12 months follow-up study period (response rate: 75%). However, based on intention-to-treat analysis with several imputation procedures for missing data at 3 and/or 12 months, there was a significant increase in SE scores in the IG (+10.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.1–13.5; P <0.001); however, the correlation with PA levels was weak (+4.2, 95% CI: 2.7–5.7; P <0.001). Higher SE scores were noted in those without comorbidities (+12.2, 95% CI: 6.8–17.6; P <0.001) and with high income levels (+9.7, 95% CI: 5.2–14.2; P <0.001). Additionally, SS scores increased significantly among those in the IG who received support from friends (+2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–3.7; P <0.001), but not family (+1.2, 95% CI: −0.4–2.8; P = 0.110). The reliability of the scales was acceptable for SE and SS from family, but poor for SS from friends (Cronbach’s alpha coefficients = 0.82, 0.82 and 0.40, respectively). Conclusion The PA intervention was associated with positive changes in SE and SS from friends. However, further tools for assessing psychosocial influences on PA are needed in Arab countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra S Al-Ghafri
- Department of Planning, Directorate General of Planning & Studies, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saud Al-Harthi
- Department of Medicine, Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Angela M Craigie
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Elaine Bannerman
- Global Academy of Agriculture & Food Security, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Masuda H, Ishiyama D, Yamada M, Iwashima F, Kimura Y, Otobe Y, Tani N, Suzuki M, Nakajima H. Relationship Between Long-Term Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2057-2063. [PMID: 33994800 PMCID: PMC8112872 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s307070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing physical activity (PA) improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether long-term objectively measured PA is related to glycemic control remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between long-term objectively measured PA and glycemic control in T2DM patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This prospective cohort study recruited T2DM patients admitted to a hospital-based diabetes management and education program. The primary outcome was glycemic control by hemoglobin A1c at 6 months after discharge. We defined poor glycemic control according to the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines. The PA was objectively measured using a three-axis accelerometer during 6 months' period after discharge. The representative value of PA was the average daily steps during the measurement period and was divided into quartiles. To determine the relationship between the daily steps and poor glycemic control, we performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Ninety-four participants were enrolled in the study. Their median age was 59 years, and 38 (40.0%) of them showed poor glycemic control. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the first (Q1, ≤ 6106 steps/day) and second quartiles (Q2, 6107-8258 steps/day) had significantly elevated risks of poor glycemic control compared to Q4 (≥ 10,542 steps/day), with odds ratios of 8.55 [95% confidence intervals (CI) =1.43-51.23] and 15.62 (95% CI 2.63-92.87), respectively. CONCLUSION We found that lesser PA was significantly associated with poor glycemic control in T2DM patients. This finding may be beneficial for clinicians while providing long-term advice to diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Masuda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toshima Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Hospitals Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence: Hiroaki Masuda Department of Rehabilitation, Toshima Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Hospitals Corporation, 33-1 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, JapanTel +81-3-5375-1234Fax +81-3-5944-3534 Email
| | - Daisuke Ishiyama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Iwashima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toshima Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Hospitals Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kimura
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuhei Otobe
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Tani
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizue Suzuki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakajima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toshima Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Hospitals Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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Sartori AC, Rodrigues Lucena TF, Lopes CT, Picinin Bernuci M, Yamaguchi MU. Educational Intervention Using WhatsApp on Medication Adherence in Hypertension and Diabetes Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Telemed J E Health 2020; 26:1526-1532. [DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2019.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Camila Takáo Lopes
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Nursing, Paulista School of Nursing, UNIFESP, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Picinin Bernuci
- Health Promotion Graduate Program, Cesumar, University Center of Maringá and ICETI, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi
- Health Promotion Graduate Program, Cesumar, University Center of Maringá and ICETI, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Paraná, Brazil
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Gonze BDB, Padovani RDC, Simoes MDS, Lauria V, Proença NL, Sperandio EF, Ostolin TLVDP, Gomes GADO, Castro PC, Romiti M, Gagliardi A, Arantes RL, Dourado VZ. Use of a Smartphone App to Increase Physical Activity Levels in Insufficiently Active Adults: Feasibility Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART). JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e14322. [PMID: 33094733 PMCID: PMC7647811 DOI: 10.2196/14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design allows for changes in the intervention during the trial period. Despite its potential and feasibility for defining the best sequence of interventions, so far, it has not been utilized in a smartphone/gamified intervention for physical activity. Objective We aimed to investigate the feasibility of the SMART design for assessing the effects of a smartphone app intervention to improve physical activity in adults. We also aimed to describe the participants’ perception regarding the protocol and the use of the app for physical activity qualitatively. Methods We conducted a feasibility 24-week/two-stage SMART in which 18 insufficiently active participants (<10,000 steps/day) were first randomized to group 1 (smartphone app only), group 2 (smartphone app + tailored messages), and a control group (usual routine during the protocol). Participants were motivated to increase their step count by at least 2000 steps/day each week. Based on the 12-week intermediate outcome, responders continued the intervention and nonresponders were rerandomized to subsequent treatment, including a new group 3 (smartphone app + tailored messages + gamification) in which they were instructed to form groups to use several game elements available in the chosen app (Pacer). We considered responders as those with any positive slope in the linear relationship between weeks and steps per day at the end of the first stage of the intervention. We compared the accelerometer-based steps per day before and after the intervention, as well as the slopes of the app-based steps per day between the first and second stages of the intervention. Results Twelve participants, including five controls, finished the intervention. We identified two responders in group 1. We did not observe relevant changes in the steps per day either throughout the intervention or compared with the control group. However, the rerandomization of five nonresponders led to a change in the slope of the steps per day (median −198 steps/day [IQR −279 to −103] to 20 steps/day [IQR −204 to 145]; P=.08). Finally, in three participants from group 2, we observed an increase in the number of steps per day up to the sixth week, followed by an inflection to baseline values or even lower (ie, a quadratic relationship). The qualitative analysis showed that participants’ reports could be classified into the following: (1) difficulty in managing the app and technology or problems with the device, (2) suitable response to the app, and (3) difficulties to achieve the goals. Conclusions The SMART design was feasible and changed the behavior of steps per day after rerandomization. Rerandomization should be implemented earlier to take advantage of tailored messages. Additionally, difficulties with technology and realistic and individualized goals should be considered in interventions for physical activity using smartphones. Trial Registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-8xtc9c; http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8xtc9c/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara De Barros Gonze
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Do Socorro Simoes
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Lauria
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Neli Leite Proença
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Evandro Fornias Sperandio
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paula Costa Castro
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcello Romiti
- Angiocorpore Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Victor Zuniga Dourado
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil.,Lown Scholars in Cardiovascular Health Program, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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The use of WhatsApp Messenger: an important tool in modern neurological examination. Acta Neurol Belg 2020; 120:1045-1049. [PMID: 32647971 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
WhatsApp Messenger is one of the most popular and still growing mobile applications worldwide in telemedicine. WhatsApp Messenger can be used as a communication tool and an adjunctive tool within telemedicine, but it is the ability or inability to use WhatsApp Messenger correctly that provides a powerful clinical neurological function tool. The easy use and the application's popularity make it extremely useful in obtaining clues in patients' neurological history. Dystextia or dystypia, the inability to send correct text messages, can be used as an indicator of neurological deficits, and is an upcoming term in neurological vascular pathology. In this case series, we present three cases in which the inability to send text messages were the clue for neurological pathology. This easy and useful evaluation of the ability to use a text message program should be incorporated in standard neurological history taking and examination, as it can provide clues for underlying neurological pathology.
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Benajiba N, Mahrous L, Janah K, Alqabbani SF, Chavarria EA, Aboul-Enein BH. Physical activity interventions promoted in the Arabic-speaking region: A review of the current literature. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13032. [PMID: 32297459 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Arabic-speaking region suffers from insufficient levels of physical activity (PA). Assessing the effectiveness of PA interventions presents a scientifically evaluated method to reduce and prevent the current high burden of noncommunicable diseases affecting this region. This review examined implemented PA interventions and corresponding measured health outcomes in this region. The review was limited to studies prior to January 2020 using nine electronic academic databases. Only intervention-focused articles incorporating PA as the primary intervention or as a component of a multibehavioural intervention were included. Thirty-nine PA intervention studies were identified. Published PA interventions were implemented among 50% of the countries in the region. Seventy percent of the studies were conducted in the Gulf region and 25% in North Africa. A third of the studies was designed for children and adolescents. Accordingly, 40% of interventions were for patients living with comorbidities. Seventy percent of the studies included PA as part of a multidisciplinary intervention. Most studies included body mass index as an outcome parameter. Significant improvement (P < .05) in measured health outcomes was seen in 97% of studies. Thorough analysis includes social and culturally congruent aspects of the PA interventions and discussion of resultant health outcomes. This information furthers the understanding of effective PA interventions that can be adapted to target sedentary lifestyle behaviours in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Benajiba
- Department of Health Sciences/Clinical Nutrition Program, College of Health and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lana Mahrous
- Department of Health Sciences/Clinical Nutrition Program, College of Health and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaoutar Janah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, International University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Samiah F Alqabbani
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enmanuel A Chavarria
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Basil H Aboul-Enein
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Al-Ghafri TS, Al-Harthi SM, Al-Farsi Y, Craigie AM, Bannerman E, Anderson AS. Perceived Changes in General Well-being: Findings from the 'MOVEdiabetes' Physical Activity Randomized Control Trial. Oman Med J 2020; 35:e149. [PMID: 32728484 PMCID: PMC7370892 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies have consistently reported the health benefits of physical activity (PA) in diabetes care. Our study aimed to explore perceptions of general well-being in participants of the ‘MOVEdiabetes’ intervention aimed at increasing PA in adults with type 2 diabetes in Oman. Methods ‘MOVEdiabetes’ is a cluster-randomized study where participants in the intervention group (IG) received PA consultations, pedometers, and WhatsApp messages versus the usual care in the control group (CG). At baseline and 12 months, perceptions on well-being were assessed using an English translated to Arabic 13-item questionnaire. Between groups differences in responses were compared using chi-squared tests. Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to explore associations between changes in responses and self-reported PA levels (metabolic equivalent of task.min/week). Results Of the 232 participants in the ‘MOVEdiabetes’ study, 75.0% completed the study. Overall, findings indicate a positive effect of the intervention on perceived general health, sleep, mental health, pain, and responses to quality of life. For the IG and CG, significant associations were shown between changes in self-reported PA and general health (r = 0.70 and 0.36, p < 0.001), feeling calm/peaceful (r = 0.86 and 0.93, p < 0.001), energetic (r = 0.86 and 0.82, p < 0.001), and depressed (r = -0.35 and -0.30, p < 0.001). However, the Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.50, indicating insufficient internal consistency of the assessment tool. Conclusions The intervention has a positive effect on many parameters of well-being. Further studies are needed to identify robust tools to measure associations between well-being and PA in culturally bounded Arabic speaking countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra S Al-Ghafri
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saud M Al-Harthi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Angela M Craigie
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Elaine Bannerman
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Security, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
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Alghafri TS, Al Harthi SM, Al-Ajmi F, Al-Farsi Y, Craigie AM, Bannerman E, Anderson AS. Acceptability of the "MOVEdiabetes" physical activity intervention in diabetes primary care settings in Oman: findings from participants and practitioners. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:887. [PMID: 32513161 PMCID: PMC7281938 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate physical activity (PA) is considered essential in diabetes management. However, evidence on the best method of promoting PA within diabetes care is inconclusive. The current work identifies perceptions on the acceptability of Intervention Group Participants (IGP) and Project Officers (POs) about the “MOVEdiabetes” intervention programme aimed at increasing PA in adults with type 2 diabetes in Oman (a retrospectively registered trial). Methods The “MOVEdiabetes” programme (PA consultations, pedometers and WhatsApp messages) was delivered by the POs (primary health care practitioners) in four primary care centres within a one-year cluster randomised control trial. Recruitment and retention were measured from trial attendance records. Programme satisfaction, appropriateness, and content suitability were assessed using exit surveys for both the IGP (interview based) and POs (self-administered). Open text questions on perceptions to the study programme were also included. Results Participants were randomised to an intervention group (IG, n = 122) or comparison group (CG, n = 110). The overall retention rate at three and 12 months was 92.7% [110(90.2%) IG vs 105(95.5%) CG] and 75% [82(67.2%) IG vs 92(83.6%) CG] respectively. Most (n = 14, 87.5%) POs and more than half (n = 49, 59.8%) IGP perceived the programme as very appropriate and many reported that they were “quite/ very satisfied” with the programme (n = 16, 100% PO’s and n = 71, 86.6% IGP). Two thirds (n = 55, 66.0%) of IGP were very/quite likely to recommend the programme to others. PA consultations, use of pedometers and Whatsapp messages were well perceived by all. Participants recommended the inclusion of dietary advice and PA promotion for the general public. Exploring PA facilities within the community was suggested by POs. Conclusions The “MOVEdiabetes” programme achieved a high retention rate and was perceived as satisfactory and appropriate. Results from this study suggest that it is worthwhile exploring the use of the “MOVEdiabetes” programme in clinical practice and further community links. Trial registration International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials No: ISRCTN14425284. Registered retrospectively on 12th April 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra S Alghafri
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman & University of Dundee, PO Box 2723, Postal Code 112, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Saud M Al Harthi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Fatma Al-Ajmi
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Angela M Craigie
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Elaine Bannerman
- Global Academy of Agriculture & Food Security, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Saquib N, Ibrahim AY, Saquib J. Behavioral trials in the Arab Gulf States: A scoping review. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119846787. [PMID: 31041101 PMCID: PMC6482655 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119846787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading chronic conditions in Arab Gulf States are modifiable by lifestyle change. Available evidence suggests a paucity of experimental studies on these conditions. We aimed to review the published randomized controlled trials on behavioral modification in the Arab Gulf States. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane) were searched for related keywords, and the records were screened for eligible studies; data were abstracted on trial characteristics (e.g. publication year, study population, primary outcome, intervention, control, follow-up, and outcome results), and a quality assessment of the trials was made. A total of 16 trials were eligible; 50% did not provide sample size calculation, and 31% did not designate a primary outcome. A majority of the trials did not explain randomization or allocation concealment (50%), did not blind outcome assessors (69%) or adopt an intention-to-treat analysis (56%); and 82% of trials found a significant intervention effect. More behavioral trials should be conducted overall and specifically for conditions for which there are no trials (e.g. respiratory tract infection and road injury).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmus Saquib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Yousif Ibrahim
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Juliann Saquib
- College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alghafri TS, Alharthi SM, Al-Farsi Y, Alrawahi AH, Bannerman E, Craigie AM, Anderson AS. 'MOVEdiabetes': a cluster randomized controlled trial to increase physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes in primary health in Oman. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018; 6:e000605. [PMID: 30487976 PMCID: PMC6235057 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the impact of a multicomponent intervention to increase physical activity (PA) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Oman. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a cluster randomized controlled trial in eight primary health centers. Participants were physically inactive, aged ≥18 years, and with no contraindication to PA. Patients attending intervention health centers (n=4) received the 'MOVEdiabetes' intervention, which consisted of personalized, individual face-to-face consultations by dietitians. Pedometers and monthly telephone WhatsApp messages were also used. Patients attending comparison health centers received usual care. The primary outcome was change in PA [Metabolic Equivalent(MET).min/week] after 12 months assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. The secondary outcomes were changes in daily step counts, sitting time, weight, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure and lipids. RESULTS Of the 232 participants (59.1% female, mean (SD) age 44.2 (8.1) years), 75% completed the study. At 12 months, the mean change in MET.min/week was +631.3 (95% CI 369.4 to 893.2) in the intervention group (IG) vs +183.2 (95% CI 83.3 to 283.0) in the comparison group, with a significant between-group difference of +447.4 (95% CI 150.7 to 744.1). The odds of meeting PA recommendations were 1.9 times higher in the IG (95% CI 1.2 to 3.3). Significant between-group differences in favor of IG were detected for mean steps/day (+757, 95% CI 18 to 1531) and sitting time hours/ per day (-1.5, 95% CI -2.4 to -0.7). Clinical measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides also showed significant intervention effects. CONCLUSIONS 'MOVEdiabetes' was effective in increasing PA, the likelihood of meeting PA recommendations, and providing cardioprotective benefits in adults with T2D attending primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Abdul Hakeem Alrawahi
- Department of Planning and Studies, Research Section, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman
| | - Elaine Bannerman
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Angela M Craigie
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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