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Li C, Li X, Zhang Y, Lao W. Interpersonal interactions, sense of loneliness and perceived depressive emotions among older adults: A cultural-psychological perspective from heterogeneous roles of different relationships. SSM Popul Health 2024; 27:101703. [PMID: 39220297 PMCID: PMC11364054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the "Chinese Differential Mode of Association" in traditional Chinese culture, this paper examines the heterogeneous effects of interpersonal interactions in different relationships on older adults' depressive emotions from a cultural-psychological perspective. Results using data from Chinese General Social Survey demonstrate that: interactions with children are the most helpful in reducing perceived depression for the elderly, followed by communications with siblings and relatives. However, interactions with friends and other fellows do not significantly reduce older people's perceived depression. This reflects the "Chinese Differential Mode of Association" in interpersonal relationships. When using different perceived depression measures, and Double Debiased Machine Learning (DDML) approaches for robustness and endogeneity tests, above findings are very robust. The impact mechanism is that interactions with children and siblings reduce depressive emotions by decreasing older adults' sense of loneliness, while communications with others do not have such a significant effect. This paper further discusses the roles of different types of interactions with adult children. It is found that receiving and providing emotional support can prominently decrease depressive emotions for older people, whereas the effects of monetary support and non-material assistance are less pronounced. In addition, interpersonal interactions' impacts are more significant for those who are female, older than 75 and with poorer health, as well as older people who exercise less frequently, have higher social status, and hold more traditional beliefs. In the current context of active promotion of healthy aging, findings of this paper have important implications for a deeper understanding and scientific management of depressive emotions among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Business School, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai, 264209, China
- Centre for Quality of Life and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Jimo, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Business School, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- HSBC Business School, Peking University, University Town, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenyu Lao
- Business School, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai, 264209, China
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Nistoreanu-Neculau B, Măirean C, Nistoreanu-Neculau A. Lifelong traumatic events, social support, and health-related quality of life among older adults. Psychogeriatrics 2024; 24:943-949. [PMID: 38873740 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the relation between lifelong exposure to traumatic life events, social support, and health-related quality of life (QOL) in a sample of older people. METHOD A sample of 172 participants (mean age = 68.81, SD = 7.15; 68.6% female and 31.4% male) was involved in this study. The participants completed scales measuring lifelong exposure to traumatic events, social support, and health-related QOL. RESULTS The results showed that lifelong exposure to traumatic events was negatively related to physical and mental health-related QOL. Moreover, social support moderated the relation between traumatic life events exposure and mental health-related QOL. DISCUSSION Geriatric services could identify and implement adequate measures to provide social support and to improve different dimensions of QOL among older adults.
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Liu LM, Zhuansun MY, Xu TY, Qian YM, Zhang HQ, Zhang QH, Zhang YZ. Measuring the quality of transitional care based on elderly patients' experiences with the partners at care transitions measure: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:172. [PMID: 38481274 PMCID: PMC10938706 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of transitional care is closely related to the health outcomes of patients, and understanding the status of transitional care for patients is crucial to improving the health outcomes of patients. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the quality of transitional care in elderly patients with chronic diseases and analyze its influencing factors, to provide a basis for improving transitional care services. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. We used the Chinese version of the Partners at Care Transitions Measure (PACT-M) to survey patients with chronic diseases aged 60 years and older who were about to be discharged from five tertiary hospitals in Henan and Shanxi provinces. We used the mean ± standard deviation to describe the quality of transitional care, t-test or one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis to explore the factors affecting the quality of transitional care for patients. RESULTS 182 elderly patients with chronic diseases aged ≥ 60 years completed the PACT-M survey. The scores of PACT-M1 and PACT-M2 were (30.69 ± 7.87) and (25.59 ± 7.14) points, respectively. The results of the t-test or one-way ANOVA showed that the patient's marital status, ethnicity, religion, educational level, preretirement occupation, residence, household income per month, and living situation had an impact on the quality of transitional care for elderly patients with chronic diseases (P < 0.05). The results of regression analyses showed that patients' preretirement occupation, social support, and health status were the main influences on the quality of transitional care for elderly patients with chronic diseases (P < 0.05), and they explained 63.1% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS The quality of transitional care for older patients with chronic illnesses during the transition from hospital to home needs further improvement. Factors affecting the quality of transitional care included patients' pre-retirement occupation, social support, and health status. We can improve the hospital-community-family tertiary linkage service to provide coordinated and continuous transitional care for patients based on their occupation, health status, and social support to enhance the quality of transitional care and the patient's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Mei Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
| | - Meng-Yao Zhuansun
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Tong-Yao Xu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu-Meng Qian
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui-Qin Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Qi-Han Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech District, 450000, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Zhang
- Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan City, Shanxi province, China
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Witts WK, Amu H, Dowou RK, Kwafo FO, Bain LE. Health-related quality of life among adults living with chronic non-communicable diseases in the Ho Municipality of Ghana: a health facility-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:725. [PMID: 38448856 PMCID: PMC10918919 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality rates from chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are increasing globally. In Ghana, CNCDs account for 43% of all deaths. We examined the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and associated factors among adults living with CNCDs in the Ho Municipality. METHODS This was a health facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study among 432 adults living with cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), stroke, and hypertension in the Ho Municipality of Ghana. The study adopted the EQ-5D-5L instrument and the Ugandan value set to compute respondents' HRQoL index. Quantile regression models were used in analysing the data with STATA v17.0 at 95% Confidence Intervals, and statistical significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS 63.7% of our respondents reported having a problem across the five dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L. The most problems were reported in the dimensions "Anxiety/Depression" (94.4%) and "Pain/Discomfort" (91.4%). Divorced/separated respondents (aOR=-0.52, 95% CI=-0.71, -0.33) and those living with comorbidities (aOR=-0.95, 95% CI=-0.15, -0.04,) were less likely to report high index for HRQoL. However, respondents diagnosed with CKD (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.42), diabetes (aOR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.45), hypertension (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.50) and stroke (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.40) were more likely to report higher index than those diagnosed with cancer. CONCLUSION Our study revealed elevated proportions of reported problems in the "Anxiety/Depression" and "Pain/Discomfort" dimensions, indicating noteworthy concerns in these areas of HRQoL. The prevalent issues reported across HRQoL dimensions are cause for concern, posing potential exacerbation of health conditions. We advocate for collaborative efforts from the Ministry of Health, Ghana Health Service, and relevant stakeholders to scrutinize and implement interventions targeting social and psychological factors. These efforts should specifically address contributors to diminished health-related quality of life, particularly among less educated, divorced, and comorbid individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Kwame Witts
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, F.N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
| | - Hubert Amu
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, F.N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Robert Kokou Dowou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, F.N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Frank Oppong Kwafo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, F.N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Luchuo Engelbert Bain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
- International Development Research Centre, IDRC, Ottawa, Canada
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Bouloukaki I, Christodoulakis A, Margetaki K, Aravantinou Karlatou A, Tsiligianni I. Exploring the Link between Social Support and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:544. [PMID: 38470655 PMCID: PMC10930953 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the link between social support and various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in primary care patients with COPD. This was a cross-sectional study with 168 patients with COPD from six primary care centers in Crete, Greece. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, disease-specific quality of life, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), fatigue, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), phycological parameters, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, sleep complaints, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, the Athens Insomnia scale (AIS), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Social support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Out of 168 patients with COPD, 114 (68.9%) exhibited low levels of social support. Low social support (MSPSS total ≤ 5) was positively associated with COPD symptoms (CAT score ≥ 10) (OR = 3.97, 95%CI:1.86-8.44; p < 0.01), fatigue (FSS ≥ 36) (OR = 2.74, 95%CI:1.31-5.74; p = 0.01), and insomnia symptoms (AIS ≥ 6) (OR = 5.17 95%CI:2.23-12.01; p < 0.01), while the association with depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) was marginally significant (OR = 3.1, 95%CI:0.93-10.36; p = 0.07). Our results suggest that lower levels of social support are positively associated with PROMs in patients with COPD. Therefore, our findings show an additional way to improve the overall health of patients with COPD in primary care by putting social support at the epicenter of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izolde Bouloukaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.C.); (K.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.T.)
| | - Antonios Christodoulakis
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.C.); (K.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.T.)
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.C.); (K.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.T.)
| | - Antonia Aravantinou Karlatou
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.C.); (K.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.T.)
| | - Ioanna Tsiligianni
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.C.); (K.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.T.)
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Liu C, Luo Q, Luo D, Zhou Y, Feng X, Wang Z, Xiao J, Bi Q, Smith GD. Quality of life profiles and its association with predictors amongst Chinese older adults in nursing homes: a latent profile analysis. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:740. [PMID: 37964191 PMCID: PMC10644486 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently developments in the field of positive psychology have provided new perspectives for understanding the connection between individual variation in Quality of life (QoL) and positive aspects of human potential, strengths, and resources, commanding increasing attention. This study aimed to examine self-reported quality of life (QoL) profiles and the association of QoL profiles with positive psychosocial characteristics in Chinese older adults. METHODS A convenient sample of 354 older adults in nursing homes was recruited from Guangdong Province, China, between November 2020 and January 2021. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to explore QoL profiles using the four WHOQOL-BREF domains as input variables. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to explore the association between latent profiles and predictors. RESULTS LPA identified three latent QoL profiles: "low QoL with poor psychological health" (18.1%), "moderate QoL" (46.0%) and "high QoL" (35.9%). Frequency of weekly activity, optimism, gratitude, and social support were associated with the increased likelihood of belonging to the moderate-to-high QoL classes. Furthermore, Class 2 (moderate QoL group, reference) was compared with Class3 (high QoL group), higher frequency of weekly physical activity and spending more time on physical activity exhibited higher odds of belonging to high QoL class. CONCLUSION Using the domains of the WHOQOL-BREF scale, the QoL profiles Chinese older adults can be identified. We found that psychosocial variables and demographic characteristic, including lower level of optimism and gratitude, lack of social support, low frequency of physical activity, and shorter activity duration time, heighten the risk for lower levels of QoL. Identifying classification may help focus on those at elevated risk for poor QoL and for developing tailored QoL improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqin Liu
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
- School of Medicine, Jinggang Shan University, Jian, Jiangxi, 343009, China
| | - Qing Luo
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Dongyi Luo
- School of Heath Industry, Guangdong Open University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528499, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China.
| | - Xue Feng
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Jiajian Xiao
- Finance Division of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Qiulin Bi
- Guangzhou Songhe Nursing Home, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510250, China
| | - Graeme Drummond Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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Briere J, Wang SH, Khanam UA, Lawson J, Goodridge D. Quality of life and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with loneliness and social isolation in a cross-sectional, online survey of 2,207 community-dwelling older Canadians. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:615. [PMID: 37777717 PMCID: PMC10542692 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The far-reaching health and social sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults have the potential to negatively impact both quality of life (QoL) and well-being, in part because of increased risks of loneliness and social isolation. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of QoL and well-being among Canadian older adults within the context of the pandemic, including loneliness and social isolation. METHODS This cross-sectional, online survey recruited older adult participants through community organizations and research participant panels. Measures included the: Older People's Quality of Life Scale-B, WHO-5, DeJong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale and five COVID-19 specific items assessing impact on loneliness and social isolation. Multiple linear regression models were used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2,207 older Canadians (55.7% female, with a mean age of 69.4 years) responded to the survey. Over one-third strongly disagreed that the pandemic had had a significant effect on either their mental (35.0%) or physical health (37.6%). Different patterns of predictors were apparent for QoL and well-being. After adjusting for all variables in the models, the ability of income to meet needs emerged as the strongest predictor of higher QoL, but was not associated with well-being, except for those who chose not to disclose their income adequacy. Age was not associated with either QoL or well-being. Females were more likely to experience lower well-being (β=-2.0, 95% C.I. =-4.0,-0.03), but not QoL. Reporting three or more chronic health conditions and that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on mental health was associated with lower QoL and well-being. Loneliness was a predictor of reduced QoL (β=-1.4, 95% C.I. =--1.6, -1.2) and poor well-being (β=-3.7, 95% C.I. =-4.3,-3.0). A weak association was noted between QoL and social isolation. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with differential effects among older adults. In particular, those with limited financial resources and those with multiple chronic conditions may be at more risk to suffer adverse QoL and well-being consequences. Loneliness may be a modifiable risk factor for decreased QoL and well-being amenable to targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Briere
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sophia Haotong Wang
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ulfat Ara Khanam
- Health Sciences Program, College of Medicine, Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Josh Lawson
- Department of Medicine and Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Donna Goodridge
- College of Medicine, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Najafi A, Ebrahimi Belil F. Investigating the predictability of social support and self-esteem on the resilience of students with chronic illness in the family. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:282. [PMID: 37849852 PMCID: PMC10578541 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_420_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since living with a person with a chronic illness in the family can affect the mental state of students, it is necessary to help students by determining and increasing predictors of resilience, followed by increasing their resilience and self-esteem. It protects them from experiencing physical, mental, and educational problems. Aim of this study was determining of predictive level of social support and self-esteem with resilience in students of University of Medical Sciences. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional, descriptive, analytic study was conducted in 2019 on 220 students of University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. The statistical population included 3500 students. Purposeful sampling was performed on students who were studying and had a chronic patient in the family. Demographic, social support, resilience, and self-esteem questionnaires were used to collect data. To analyze the results, the mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and linear regression test were used. RESULTS Students had a high mean social support, resilience, and self-esteem. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between resilience and social support was 0.411, and also, the correlation between resilience and self-esteem was 0.396. The results showed that self-esteem had a greater positive effect on resilience than perceived social support. CONCLUSION The present study concluded that the variables of social support and self-esteem had a direct relationship with students' resilience. Based on this, steps can be taken to strengthen and improve students' resilience by improving the perceived support and self-esteem of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Najafi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ebrahimi Belil
- Department of Medical Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Cai Y, Qiu P, He Y, Wang C, Wu Y, Yang Y. Age-varying relationships between family support and depressive symptoms in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:94-101. [PMID: 37084965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate family support is an important factor in reducing the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults. We aimed to explore the age-varying relationships of family support and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A total of 22,163 person-waves of older adults aged 60 to 85 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Family support was divided into instrumental family support and emotional family support. A Time-Varying Effects Model was utilized to analyze the age-varying relationships. RESULTS There were age-varying relationships between family support and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Around age 70 was an important turning point of age. In instrumental family support, access to living care can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in almost all age groups. At least medium-level financial support was required to be protective against depressive symptoms, and high-level financial support was necessary after age 70. In emotional family support, meeting children with high frequency was significantly associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms before age 70. Contacting children with low or medium frequency added the risk of depressive symptoms before age 70. LIMITATIONS Limited sample size of participants aged 80 years and above, lack of assessment for expectations of family support. CONCLUSIONS Providing the appropriate type and intensity of family support for older adults at a suitable age was encouraged. Future research should further verify and explicate the age-varying relationships longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cai
- Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyuan Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng He
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Mueller A, Zucchetto JM, Siedlecki KL. The Relationship Between Social Support and Subjective Cognitive Functioning Across Adulthood. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2023; 96:174-200. [PMID: 34904898 DOI: 10.1177/00914150211066565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive functioning (SCF) is the self-appraisal of one's objective cognition, including both perceived cognitive ability and perceived cognitive impairment. Research has demonstrated perceived subjective cognitive impairment to be an important precursor to objective cognitive declines associated with increased age. Although previous work has shown a consistent positive relationship between social support and objective cognition throughout adulthood, few studies have examined the relationship between social support and SCF. Participants (N = 1,877; age range: 18-99) from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project completed assessments of multiple domains of SCF and social support. Results demonstrated a significant association between negative support interactions and poorer SCF, beyond the influence of sociodemographic, well-being, and health factors. Exploratory analyses indicated that the magnitude of the relationships between social support and SCF were generally the same across age. These findings suggest that negative interactions may adversely impact an individual's self-appraisals of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalee Mueller
- Department of Psychology, 5923Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
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Asiamah N, Kouveliotis K, Eduafo R, Borkey R. Associations between vigorous physical activity, social ties, social support, and self-reported health among older adults in Accra, Ghana. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001582. [PMID: 36963023 PMCID: PMC10021291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Meeting recommended vigorous physical activity (VPA) levels represents a hallmark for healthy living, but VPA in older populations is likely to lead to casualties that may compel older adults to underscore their health. This study examined the associations between VPA, social ties, social support, and self-reported health in an African sample of older adults. This study adopted the cross-sectional design. The study population was community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or higher in Accra, Ghana. A total of 686 older adults responded to self-reported questionnaires. Data were analysed with the Pearson's chi-square test and binary logistic regression. The study found that older adults who had above 5 children were 3 times (AOR = 3.169; p = .002) more likely to participate in VPA for 30 minutes or more a day compared with their peers without children. Having social support from between 1 and 5 people was 28 times (AOR = 28.215; p = .000) more likely to result in good health compared to not having anyone to source social support from. Older adults who participated in VPA for 30 minutes or more were less likely (AOR = 0.129; p = 0.000) to report good health compared with those who participated in VPA for less than 30 minutes. We conclude that when social ties and other personal characteristics are adjusted for, prolonged VPA does not necessarily enhance self-reported health, and not all social ties contribute to VPA and self-reported health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Asiamah
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research and Practice, School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kyriakos Kouveliotis
- Department of Health Care Management, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard Eduafo
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra, Ghana
| | - Richard Borkey
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra, Ghana
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Abramowska-Kmon A, Łątkowski W, Rynko M. Informal Care and Subjective Well-Being among Older Adults in Selected European Countries. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractA person’s health status is one of the strongest determinants of well-being. The negative impact of poor health on subjective well-being may be moderated by providing care to individuals in need. In this paper, we investigate the relationships between receiving informal care and the amount of care received and subjective well-being among people aged 65 or older in selected European countries. Our analysis of data from the 6th wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) showed that receiving regular informal care was associated with higher subjective well-being among older people in Northern European countries, and with lower subjective well-being among older males in Southern European countries. Moreover, we found that the perception of the amount of help received affected the subjective well-being of older people, as those who reported that the support they received was either insufficient or met their needs had lower subjective well-being than those who were not in need of care. Our results also showed that receiving formal care was negatively related with subjective well-being among older adults in Northern Europe and Central and Eastern Europe. In the context of population ageing and the growing need for care, social policies that support both sides of the caregiving relationship could enhance subjective quality of life.
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Merino-Soto C, Núñez Benítez MÁ, Domínguez-Guedea MT, Toledano-Toledano F, Moral de la Rubia J, Astudillo-García CI, Rivera-Rivera L, Leyva-López A, Angulo-Ramos M, Flores Laguna OA, Hernández-Salinas G, Rodríguez Castro JH, González Peña OI, Garduño Espinosa J. Medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS) in patients with chronic disease: A psychometric assessment. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1028342. [PMID: 36713918 PMCID: PMC9874003 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1028342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Currently, information on the psychometric properties of the Medical outcomes study-social support survey (MOS-SSS) for patients with chronic disease in primary health care, suggests problems in the dimensionality, specifically predominant unidimensionality in a multidimensional measure. The aim of this study was to determine the internal structure (dimensionality, measurement invariance and reliability) and association with other variables. Methods A total of 470 patients with chronic disease from a Family Medicine Unit at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, with a mean age of 51.51 years were included. Participants responded to the Questionnaire of Sociodemographic Variables (Q-SV), SF-36 Health-Related Quality of Life Scale-version 1.1, and MOS-SSS. Results Non-parametric (Mokken scaling analysis) and parametric (confirmatory factor analysis) analyses indicated unidimensionality, and three-factor model was not representative. A new 8-item version (MOS-S) was developed, where measurement invariance, equivalence with the long version, reliability, and relationship with the SF-36 were satisfactory. Conclusion The MOS-SSS scale is unidimensional, and the shortened version yields valid and reliable scores for measuring social support in patients with chronic disease at the primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Merino-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación de Psicología, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Surquillo, Peru
| | | | | | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Unidad de Investigación Sociomédica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ahidée Leyva-López
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Marisol Angulo-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Arodi Flores Laguna
- Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Jurídicas, Universidad de Montemorelos, Montemorelos, Mexico
| | - Gregorio Hernández-Salinas
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica-Extensión Tezonapa, Heroica Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Jorge Homero Rodríguez Castro
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Victoria, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Omar Israel González Peña
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Garduño Espinosa
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
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Gender Variation and Late-life Depression: Findings from a National Survey in the USA. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2023; 48:263-280. [PMID: 34776562 PMCID: PMC8573074 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-021-09471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on the Wave 3 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (2015-2016), this study has extensive breadth in examining the roles of multiple stressors (i.e., health-related, social relationship, community) and coping resources (i.e., social participation and social support from family and friends) in explaining depressive symptomatology among a recent cohort of the U.S. national sample of community-dwelling older men (n = 1,431) and women (n = 1,673). Statistical additive and interactive models were tested. Results from this pre-COVID study serve as a baseline, and show that gender had significant independent and joint effects on stress and coping factors in explaining depressive symptoms. Parallel regression analyses were conducted for each group. Findings suggest that significantly more women (26.9%) reported depressive symptoms than men (19.9%) (CESD-11 score ≥ 9). Multivariate analyses show that unique predictors for older men's depression include less support from friends, more cognitive challenges, and feeling less control in life. For women, less social participation, less emotional support from spouse, greater IADL impairment, and family disharmony were more significantly associated with their depressive symptoms than men's. Contrary to the literature, community factors were not statistically significant in predicting depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that correlates of depressive symptoms impact older women and men differently. Results point to the need for gender-sensitive mental health services and programs to protect community-dwelling older adults in USA against depression, especially in light of the recent COVID era social proximity restrictions.
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Adhikari P, McLaren S. Functional Impairment and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults of Rural Nepal: The Moderating Role of Three Sources of Social Support. Clin Gerontol 2023; 46:832-843. [PMID: 36880604 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2023.2187732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether social support from family, friends, and significant others moderated the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms among Nepali older adults living in rural areas. METHODS The participants were 147 women (Mage = 66.71, SDage = 5.97) and 153 men (Mage = 67.41, SDage = 6.47) aged 60 years and older who lived in the rural mid-hills of Nepal. They completed the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form. RESULTS Only 6.3% participants experienced some degree of functional impairment. Almost half (44.33%) of participants had depressive symptoms. Social support from family and friends, but not significant others, moderated the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms. Social support from family was protective for older adults with moderate to high levels of functional impairment. Social support from friends was protective at no to low levels of functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS Interventions aimed at increasing social support from family among Nepali older adults living in rural hilly areas may reduce depressive symptoms, particularly among those with high levels of functional impairment. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Family support is important to alleviate depressive symptoms among functionally impaired older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pralhad Adhikari
- Department of Psychology and Philosophy, TriChandra Multiple College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suzanne McLaren
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
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Barbosa ARC, Nunes DP, Lima DB, Colombo FA, Nunes JB, Santos Orlandi AAD, Rocha GDS, Pereira DS, Corona LP, Brito TRPD. Association of Social Support Network with Telomere Length: A Cross-Sectional Study with Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:253-259. [PMID: 36103374 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that telomere length can be determined not only by issues related to cell biology but also by aspects related to social factors and environmental exposures, studies on the relationship between social aspects and telomere length can help to better understand the still scarcely known aspects of the human aging process. Thus, this research seeks to verify whether social support networks are associated with telomere length in older adults. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 448 individuals aged at least 60 years living in the urban area of an inland Brazilian municipality. Relative quantification of telomere length was obtained through real-time qPCR. Social support was assessed through the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were used in data analysis. The evaluated social support networks for older adults consist in a mean of 16.4 people, and the percentage of older adults who reported up to five members in their network was 27.75%. Shorter telomere length was identified in 25% of the participants, and the older adults who reported having up to five members in their support network were more likely to have a shorter telomere length than those who reported more numerous networks (odds ratio: 1.89, p = 0.011) regardless of gender, age, household arrangement, cognitive decline, and dependence for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, which suggests that measures that stimulate the creation and maintenance of social support networks should be implemented to improve older adults' health.
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Bó B. Time availability as a mediator between socioeconomic status and health. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101238. [PMID: 36212188 PMCID: PMC9535311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows that time availability is a significant mediator between SES and health. I draw on representative survey data from the Canadian Multinational Time Use Survey and supplement this data source with a second data set containing localized sociodemographic and time availability measures. In addition to testing existing time scarcity measures, I also propose a broader set of new, more inclusive measures. Analyses involve two stages. First, binary logistic regressions evaluate statistically significant relationships. The second stage uses mediation analyses to assess whether time availability is statistically significant in mediating the relationship between SES and self-reported health. I compute direct, indirect, and total effects, independently for each of the objective and subjective time availability measures, for both the nationally representative sample and for the localized sample. My results show that both time scarcity and time excess are important when examining the mechanisms linking SES and health. For example, 12 percent of the effect of household-level SES on health is via discretionary time availability. Further, over 10 percent of the effect of neighborhood-level SES on health is via subjective time scarcity. Objective time poverty mediates about 9 percent. 7.3 percent of the effect of SES on health is via objective time excess. Considering the differing temporal needs of marginalized populations, this work has important health policy implications for sociotemporal disparities in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boróka Bó
- University of Essex, Department of Sociology, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
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18
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Sanchez-Moreno E, Herrera S. Aging and Family Relationships among Aymara, Mapuche and Non-Indigenous People: Exploring How Social Support, Family Functioning, and Self-Perceived Health Are Related to Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159247. [PMID: 35954611 PMCID: PMC9368255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Family relationships play a central role in wellbeing among older adults in Chile. Based on the theory of social production functions, this study examined the relationship between perceived social support from children, partners and relatives, family functioning, self-perceived health and quality of life (QoL) among Chilean older adults. The study used a multi-ethnic sample of Chilean older adults living in rural areas in the regions of Arica and Parinacota (north) and Araucanía (south). A model was analyzed that emphasizes relationships differentiated by the source of support, family functioning and self-perceived health in the explanation of QoL. The results obtained from the structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis showed the existence of indirect relationships of social support from children, partners and other family members via family functioning, while self-perceived health was directly associated with QoL. The findings indicate that family functioning is a main variable in the contrasted model, in addition to confirming the importance of distinguishing the role of the various sources of support. Research is needed to examine in detail intergenerational relationships and other relationships with family members who are significant in the wellbeing of older adults. This research corroborates that family relationships have a specificity that needs to be addressed in gerontological social intervention, as well as continuing along the lines of strengthening or improving existing family ties (more quality) over the quantity of social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Patricia Gallardo-Peralta
- Dirección de Investigación, Postgrado y Transferencia Tecnológica, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Esteban Sanchez-Moreno
- Institute for Research in Development and Cooperation (IUDC-UCM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Soledad Herrera
- Institute of Sociology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
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Coughlin SS, Ayyala DN, Stewart JL, Cortes JE. Social needs and health-related quality of life among hematologic cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:8919-8925. [PMID: 35895158 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have examined social needs (social determinants of health) among cancer survivors, but studies have not specifically focused on patients with leukemia or lymphoma. We examined food insecurity and other social needs among hematologic cancer survivors, including individuals who had completed primary therapy for leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma. A particular focus of the study was on the relationship between social needs and health-related quality of life. METHODS We conducted a postal survey of a multiethnic cohort of hematologic cancer survivors who reside in Augusta, GA, or the surrounding area and who had been treated at the Georgia Cancer Center. RESULTS A total of 53 patients with a history of hematologic cancer (leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma) completed the survey (10.6% response rate). The mean age was 62.6 years. The participants were diverse according to annual household income and employment status. About two-thirds were white and almost one-third were African American. Five of 52 participants (9.6%) experienced food insecurity. Patients with food insecurity had poorer HRQOL compared with those who were food secure (63.3 vs. 87.33, p = 0.0308). A similar pattern was seen for those who had difficulty paying utility bills, those who had housing insecurity, and those who had to go without health care because of a lack of transportation. Overall, there was a statistically significant inverse association between HRQOL and number of social needs (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION When caring for cancer survivors, social needs such as food insecurity and housing insecurity are important considerations for oncologists and primary care providers, especially when caring for patients with lower socioeconomic status and racial/ethnic minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven S Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. .,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Deepak Nag Ayyala
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jessica L Stewart
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jorge E Cortes
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Interactions, relationships and belonging: comparing social connectedness and perceived isolation among older women living alone in private homes and in assisted living. AGEING & SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x22000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Age-related changes shape social connectedness, isolation and loneliness among older adults. Ageing often accompanies decisions about ageing in place or moving (i.e. senior living facility). Scant research compares these two living arrangements and even sparser research focuses on older women. This study, thus, poses the following questions: How do older women (aged 75+ years) experience social connectedness and perceived isolation? How does this experience vary between older women living alone in private homes and those living in assisted living facilities? Data include semi-structured interviews with women aged 75+ years who live alone in a private home or in an assisted living facility (N = 16). Findings revealed differences in three aspects of social connectedness: interactions, relationships and belonging. Private home participants' interactions underscored intentionality, with minimal investment in forging new or deeper relationships and an emphasis on belonging to the world through awareness, contribution and cognitive ability. The experiences of participants living in assisted living were characterised by availability of interactions and casual relationships. They emphasised belonging to the facility community, while positioning themselves between the status of resident and staff. Surprisingly, most participants in both groups did not express feelings of perceived isolation. Both had adapted their social connectedness expectations to reflect their current situation.
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21
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A Multiobjective Variable Neighborhood Strategy Adaptive Search to Optimize the Dynamic EMS Location–Allocation Problem. COMPUTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/computation10060103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An aging society increases the demand for emergency services, such as EMS. The more often EMS is needed by patients, the more medical staff are needed. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the lack of medical staff became a critical issue. This research aims to combine the allocation of trained volunteers to substitute for medical staff and solve the EMS relocation problem. The objective of the proposed research is to (1) minimize the costs of the system and (2) maximize the number of people covered by the EMS within a predefined time. A multiobjective variable neighborhood strategy adaptive search (M-VaNSAS) has been developed to solve the problem. From the computational results, it can be seen that the proposed method obtained a better solution than that of current practice and the genetic algorithm by 32.06% and 13.43%, respectively.
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22
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Muhammad T, Maurya P. Social support moderates the association of functional difficulty with major depression among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from LASI, 2017-18. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:317. [PMID: 35509005 PMCID: PMC9066756 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the potential independent association of functional disability with major depression and moderating effects of social support variables including marital status, living arrangement and social participation in such associations. METHODS Data for the study were drawn from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 that was collected during 2017-18 including a sample of 31,464 individuals aged 60 years and above. Descriptive statistics and results from bivariate analysis have been reported. Further, moderated multivariable logistic regression models were used to fulfil the study objective. Major depressive disorder was assessed using the scale of the Short Form Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-SF). RESULTS It was found that 8.67% of older participants were depressed in this study. Older adults who had difficulty in basic activities of daily living (BADL) (15.34%), difficulty in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (12.06%), unmarried (10.13%), separate living (9.67%) and socially inactive (10.09) were having higher prevalence of major depression compared to their respective counterparts. The adjusted model-1 revealed that older adults who had difficulty in BADL and IADL were 2.53 times [AOR: 2.53, CI: 2.17-2.95] and 2.27 times [AOR: 2.27, CI: 1.97-2.64] more likely to have major depression than those with no difficulty in BADL and IADL respectively. Further, interaction analyses found that currently unmarried status, separate living and being socially inactive have moderation effects in the observed associations and exacerbate the likelihood of major depression among older adults who are functionally impaired. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the importance of integrating social participation in the daily life of older adults and developing initiatives that promote a healthy surrounding such as social connectedness, co-residential living and special care for those who are physically disabled to protect against late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
| | - Priya Maurya
- Department of Population and Development, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
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Ahmed HAAEK, Mohamed BES. Relationship between morality, happiness, and social support among elderly people. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Various factors influence the lives of elders, such as social support, which is critical in preventing physical, psychological, and social difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between morality, happiness, and social support among elderly people. A descriptive correlational design was used in carrying out this study. This study was conducted at the Geriatric Social Club in El-Qawmia; Zagzig City, Alsharkia Governorate. A purposeful sample of 235 elders was recruited for this study. Four tools were used to collect data: A structured interview questionnaire, Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (interview version), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire.
Results
Results denoted that less than half of studied elders had moderate score as regards morale scale and perceived social support. As well, less than three-fifths of them had moderate score regards total happiness. There were statistically significant relations between morality and both of age, income, chronic diseases, and taking medication. Perceived social support was positively statistically significantly related with elders’ gender, marital status, chronic diseases, medication, and income. There were statistical significant relations between elderly happiness level and working condition, income, and with whom they live. Elders’ perceived social support was highly positively statistically correlated with happiness and morality.
Conclusions
It was concluded that these variables were positively correlated with each one, where increasing perceived social support and feeling of happiness associated with enhancing feeling of morality among elders. The perceived social support and happiness were the key co-existences of elders’ morality. Therefore, it is recommended to implement caring and training programs focusing on enhancing social support in order to develop morale among elders. The country should provide various kinds of assistance to the elderly, such as counseling services.
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Lin TK, Hsu BC, Li YD, Chen CH, Lin JW, Chien CY, Weng CY. The impact of sources of perceived social support on readmissions in patients with heart failure. J Psychosom Res 2022; 154:110723. [PMID: 35078080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower levels of perceived social support have been known as an independent predictor of hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the impact of sources of perceived social support on readmissions remain unexplored. PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the relative importance of social support from significant other, family, and friends on all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission in patients with HF. METHODS The prospective cohort study was used to recruit a total of 299 patients with HF in Taiwan between May 2012 and December 2014. Demographic and clinical characteristics, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), and 18-month follow-up readmissions were recorded during the hospital stay. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were constructed to determine the impact of levels and sources of perceived social support with all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission. RESULTS A total of 158 patients (52.8%) and 118 patients (39.5%), respectively, had all-cause readmission and cardiac readmissions within 18 months. Multivariate logistic regression yielded inverse associations between levels of perceived social support and readmissions by 18-months. Importantly, social support from significant other was significantly associated with a lower risk of readmissions, both of all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission, in patients with HF, even after controlling for possible covariates, social support from family and friends. CONCLUSIONS Social support from significant other, rather than from family and friends, was relatively and inversely associated with 18-month all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission in patients with HF, which is consistent with the hierarchical compensatory model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Kwang Lin
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan No.701, Sec.3, Jhongyang Rd., Hualien City, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan No. 2, Min-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi 622, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan No.168, Sec. 1, University Rd., Minhsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Da Li
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan No.701, Sec.3, Jhongyang Rd., Hualien City, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan No. 2, Min-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi 622, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan No. 2, Min-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi 622, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wen Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan No. 2, Min-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi 622, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chien
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan No. 2, Min-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi 622, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Weng
- Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan No.168, Sec. 1, University Rd., Minhsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults are more likely to encounter adverse life events and have protective factors that are different from other populations. Currently, there is no resilience scale designed exclusively for older adults. This study aims at developing a new measurement scale for assessing resilience of older adults. METHODS Items of Resilience Scale for Older Adults (RSOA) was generated from thorough literature review. A multiple stage method was applied to examine the psychometric properties of the scale. In pretesting, items that did not meet the psychometric criteria were removed. A sample of 368 older adults was collected in the main survey to perform preliminary item selection and removal, reliability and construct validity analyses. Another survey on 76 samples was then conducted to assess test-retest reliability of the scale. RESULTS RSOA that comprised four constructs (personal strength, meaning and purpose of life, family support, and social support) with a total of 15 items was developed with good reliability and validity. Cronbach's α of the scale was 0.882. All the four constructs were found significantly correlated with life satisfaction of older adults. CONCLUSIONS The RSOA is a reliable means of assessing psychological and physical resilience of older people as well as predicting their satisfaction with life. The study may also provide important information about elderly coping with adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Tzu Li
- Department of Long-Term Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yvonne Su Yong Ow
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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You HS, Kwon YJ, Kim S, Kim YH, Kim YS, Kim Y, Roh YK, Park B, Park YK, Park CH, Son JS, Shin J, Shin HY, Oh B, Lee JW, Shim JY, Won CW, Yoo JW, Lee SH, Kang HT, Lee DC. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Frailty in Community-Dwelling Korean Elderly Adults in Primary Care Settings. Korean J Fam Med 2021; 42:413-424. [PMID: 34871482 PMCID: PMC8648485 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging has become a global problem, and the interest in healthy aging is growing. Healthy aging involves a focus on the maintenance of the function and well-being of elderly adults, rather than a specific disease. Thus, the management of frailty, which is an accumulated decline in function, is important for healthy aging. The adaptation method was used to develop clinical practice guidelines on frailty management that are applicable in primary care settings. The guidelines were developed in three phases: preparation (organization of committees and establishment of the scope of development), literature screening and evaluation (selection of the clinical practice guidelines to be adapted and evaluation of the guidelines using the Korean Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool), and confirmation of recommendations (three rounds of Delphi consensus and internal and external reviews). A total of 16 recommendations (five recommendations for diagnosis and assessment, 11 recommendations for intervention of frailty) were made through the guideline development process. These clinical practice guidelines provide overall guidance on the identification, evaluation, intervention, and monitoring of frailty, making them applicable in primary care settings. As aging and “healthy aging” become more and more important, these guidelines are also expected to increase in clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sun You
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong-Kyun Roh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Young Kyu Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chang-Hae Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Haengbokhankajung Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Bumjo Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Shim
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Yoo
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hee-Taik Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Duk Chul Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ebimgbo SO, Chukwu NE, Okoye UO. Gender differences in family support to older adults and implications for social work in south-east Nigeria. J Aging Stud 2021; 59:100979. [PMID: 34794723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The increase in the number of older adults in Nigeria is a significant demographic trend, requiring adequate and sustainable attention. Usually, these older adults depend on family members for support due to increasing frailty and/or disengagement from the civil service or other income-earning pursuits. Studies that depict differences in gender vis a vis access to social support from family networks are limited. This study will attempt to contribute to filling this gap. Four focus group discussions and 16 in-depth interviews were conducted on a sample of (N = 56) older adults aged 70 years and above and their 23 to 46 year old family carers. The generated data were analysed in themes. Findings revealed no differences in access to health support by gender; however, females received more financial, emotional as well as material support, and were more involved in social activities than their male counterparts. This study will facilitate a better understanding of gender differences in social support for older adults in Nigeria. This could, in turn, inform inclusive social policies guided by social workers which have greater focus on the needs of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Ebimgbo
- Department of social work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | - Ngozi E Chukwu
- Department of social work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | - Uzoma O Okoye
- Department of social work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Ericson H, Quennerstedt M, Geidne S. Physical activity as a health resource: a cross-sectional survey applying a salutogenic approach to what older adults consider meaningful in organised physical activity initiatives. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:858-874. [PMID: 34650835 PMCID: PMC8510608 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1986400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Examine health resources that physically active older adults consider meaningful when participating in physical activity initiatives. Health resources are protective factors, including attitudes, knowledge, material factors or social support, that potentially enable people to understand and make sense of their lives or to cope with life stressors. Design and main outcome measures A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with two questionnaires used to serve as a compiled ‘ageing well’ survey: the Salutogenic Physical Activity Health Resources Questionnaire (SPAHRQ) and the short form of the Sense of Coherence questionnaire, SOC-13. Results The study included 372 participants ranging from 60 to 96 years of age (mean age: 74.4 ± 7 years; 60% women). Social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants. Social relations were the most meaningful health resource for both men and women (89%). Women rated positive energy as a significantly more important consequence of their participation in physical activity than men (W 88%, M 72%; p = .001). The three health resources that were considered less important were capability in and about physical activity, self-worth and identity as an exercising person. Those who were more physically active considered social relations, self-worth and the habit of exercising to a higher extent. Participants with higher sense of coherence consider the habit of exercising to a greater extent to be important. Conclusions Findings that social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants, can contribute to a wider understanding of health resources that older adults consider meaningful in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ericson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Quennerstedt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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The Determinants of Living with Long-Term Conditions: An International Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910381. [PMID: 34639681 PMCID: PMC8508439 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is essential that healthcare and social professionals understand the daily lives of people with chronic diseases, and the variables that influence them. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants influencing the process of living with long-term conditions. To investigate this, an observational, international, cross-sectional study was carried out. A consecutive sample of 1788 Spanish-speaking population living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models were performed. The linear regression models identified that social support (β = 0.39, p < 0.001) and the satisfaction with life (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) were the main determinants in the process of living with a long-term condition (49% of the variance). Age (β = -0.08, p = 0.01) and disease duration (β = 0.07, p = 0.01) were determinants only in the chronic heart failure subgroup, and country was significant in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subgroup (β = -0.15, p = 0.002). Satisfaction with life and social support were key determinants influencing the process of living with long-term conditions. As such, those aspects should be included in the design of interventions focused on the achievement of a positive living in people with long-term conditions.
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Zidrou C, Kleisiaris C, Adamakidou T. Associations between Disability in Activities of Daily Living and Social Capital aspects among older adults: a scoping review. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls 2021; 6:119-130. [PMID: 34557611 PMCID: PMC8419853 DOI: 10.22540/jfsf-06-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Social capital aspects are playing an important role in activities of daily living (ADL) performance, thus on independent living. This paper was aimed to present an overview of the associations and adverse effects between social capital aspects and disability in ADL and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in an older population aged 65 years old and over. Α scoping review was designed following the guidelines of PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the review was conducted by 3 authors. A total of 185 primary studies were extracted and, finally, 40 studies did meet the inclusion criteria and critically appraised in two main categories; Category 1(29 studies) ‘social capital and disability in ADL’ deducing that as greater a social capital as better ADL performance and Category 2 (11 studies) ‘Social capital and HRQoL’ concluding that people 65 years old and over with lower social capital were presented with a poor HRQoL. Study synthesis highlights the impact of social capital suggesting that nurses caring for older people must focus on their engagement in terms of social diversity and trust in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Zidrou
- 2 Orthopaedic Department, G. Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Kleisiaris
- Hellenic Mediterranean University, Department of Nursing, Iraklion Crete, Greece
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Vafaei A, Yu J, Phillips SP. The intersectional impact of sex and social factors on subjective health: analysis of the Canadian longitudinal study on aging (CLSA). BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:473. [PMID: 34454440 PMCID: PMC8399822 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-rated health (SRH) is a widely validated measure of the general health of older adults. Our aim was to understand what factors shape individual perceptions of health and, in particular, whether those perceptions vary for men and women and across social locations. Methods We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) of community-dwelling adults aged 45 to 85. SRH was measured via a standard single question. Multiple Poisson regression identified individual, behavioural, and social factors related to SRH. Intersections between sex, education, wealth, and rural/urban status, and individual and joint cluster effects on SRH were quantified using multilevel models. Results After adjustment for relevant confounders, women were 43% less likely to report poor SRH. The strongest cluster effect was for groupings by wealth (21%). When wealth clusters were subdivided by sex or education the overall effect on SRH reduced to 15%. The largest variation in SRH (13.6%) was observed for intersections of sex, wealth, and rural/urban status. In contrast, interactions between sex and social factors were not significant, demonstrating that the complex interplay of sex and social location was only revealed when intersectional methods were employed. Conclusions Sex and social factors affected older adults’ perceptions of health in complex ways that only became apparent when multilevel analyses were carried out. Utilizing intersectionality analysis is a novel and nuanced approach for disentangling explanations for subjective health outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02412-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Vafaei
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. .,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Centre for Studies in Primary Care, 220 Bagot St, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada.
| | - Janelle Yu
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Susan P Phillips
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Centre for Studies in Primary Care, 220 Bagot St, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
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Relationships between Perceived Social Support and Physical Activity with Mood, Physical Fitness and Cognitive Status of Elderly in Golestan Province, Iran. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT IN NURSING AND MIDWIFERY 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jgbfnm.18.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
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33
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Lauffenburger JC, Barlev RA, Sears ES, Keller PA, McDonnell ME, Yom-Tov E, Fontanet CP, Hanken K, Haff N, Choudhry NK. Preferences for mHealth Technology and Text Messaging Communication in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25958. [PMID: 34114964 PMCID: PMC8235286 DOI: 10.2196/25958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with diabetes need regular support to help them manage their diabetes on their own, ideally delivered via mechanisms that they already use, such as their mobile phones. One reason for the modest effectiveness of prior technology-based interventions may be that the patient perspective has been insufficiently incorporated. Objective This study aims to understand patients’ preferences for mobile health (mHealth) technology and how that technology can be integrated into patients’ routines, especially with regard to medication use. Methods We conducted semistructured qualitative individual interviews with patients with type 2 diabetes from an urban health care system to elicit and explore their perspectives on diabetes medication–taking behaviors, daily patterns of using mobile technology, use of mHealth technology for diabetes care, acceptability of text messages to support medication adherence, and preferred framing of information within text messages to support diabetes care. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed using codes developed by the study team to generate themes, with representative quotations selected as illustrations. Results We conducted interviews with 20 participants, of whom 12 (60%) were female and 9 (45%) were White; in addition, the participants’ mean glycated hemoglobin A1c control was 7.8 (SD 1.1). Overall, 5 key themes were identified: patients try to incorporate cues into their routines to help them with consistent medication taking; many patients leverage some form of technology as a cue to support adherence to medication taking and diabetes self-management behaviors; patients value simplicity and integration of technology solutions used for diabetes care, managing medications, and communicating with health care providers; some patients express reluctance to rely on mobile technology for these diabetes care behaviors; and patients believe they prefer positively framed communication, but communication preferences are highly individualized. Conclusions The participants expressed some hesitation about using mobile technology in supporting diabetes self-management but have largely incorporated it or are open to incorporating it as a cue to make medication taking more automatic and less burdensome. When using technology to support diabetes self-management, participants exhibited individualized preferences, but overall, they preferred simple and positively framed communication. mHealth interventions may be improved by focusing on integrating them easily into daily routines and increasing the customization of content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renee A Barlev
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ellen S Sears
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Marie E McDonnell
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Kaitlin Hanken
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nancy Haff
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Niteesh K Choudhry
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Sarwar MR, McDonald VM, Abramson MJ, Paul E, George J. Treatable traits in an English cohort: prevalence and predictors of future decline in lung function and quality of life in COPD. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00934-2020. [PMID: 34084787 PMCID: PMC8165376 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00934-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background “Treatable traits (TTs)” is a precision medicine approach for facilitating multidimensional assessment of every patient with chronic airway disease, in order to determine the core traits associated with disease outcomes where targeted treatments may be applied. Objectives To determine the prevalence of TTs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and which traits predict future decline in lung function and quality of life (QoL). Methods A 4-year longitudinal evaluation was conducted using data from 3726 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). TTs were identified based on published recommendations. Traits that predicted decline in lung function and QoL were analysed using generalised estimating equations. Results Overall, 21 TTs, including pulmonary (n=5), extra-pulmonary (n=13) and behavioural/lifestyle risk-factors (n=3) were identified. In multivariate analyses, the traits of chronic bronchitis (β −0.186, 95% CI −0.290 to −0.082), breathlessness (β −0.093, 95% CI −0.164 to −0.022), underweight (β −0.216, 95% CI −0.373 to −0.058), sarcopenia (β −0.162, 95% CI −0.262 to −0.061) and current smoking (β −0.228, 95% CI −0.304 to −0.153) predicted decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Of the seven traits that predicted decline in QoL, depression (β −7.19, 95% CI −8.81 to −5.57) and poor family and social support (β −5.12, 95% CI −6.65 to −3.59) were the strongest. Conclusion The core TTs of COPD associated with a decline in lung function and QoL were identified. Targeting these impactful traits with individualised treatment using a precision medicine approach may improve outcomes in people with COPD. Targeting the traits of chronic bronchitis, breathlessness, underweight, sarcopenia, depression, smoking, and poor family and social support may significantly improve health outcomes in people with COPDhttps://bit.ly/3cLHIPV
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rehan Sarwar
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa Marie McDonald
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,The Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Callaghan, Australia.,Dept of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Michael John Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eldho Paul
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Johnson George
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Acharya Samadarshi SC, Taechaboonsermsak P, Tipayamongkholgul M, Yodmai K. Quality of life and associated factors amongst older adults in a remote community, Nepal. JOURNAL OF HEALTH RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jhr-01-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of the study is to assess the quality of life (QOL) of older adults and explore factors associated with it.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted in a remote community in Nepal. A total of 671 older adults aged 60 years were enrolled in the study. QOL was measured by WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.FindingsMost participants were female (53.0%), illiterate (70.6%), married (64.2%) and living with family (59.3%). Among participants, 82.4% had fair QOL, and the autonomy domain received the lowest score (average = 10.98). After adjusting the model, the elderly aged <70 years had 11.07 times better QOL (aOR = 11.070; 95% CI = 2.546–48.123), elderly with high sufficient income had 2.73 times better QOL (aOR = 2.738; 95% CI = 1.183–6.337) and elderly free from depression had 9.45 times better QOL (aOR = 9.452; 95% CI = 3.466–25.773) compared to their counterparts. The elderly receiving social support had 9.97 times better QOL than those who did not (aOR = 9.976; 95% CI = 3.152–31.574), and those able to afford healthcare services had 4.69 times better QOL than those who could not afford it (aOR = 4.694; 95% CI = 1.046–21.063).Originality/valueThe five predictors – age, income sufficiency, depression, social support and healthcare service affordability – were found to significantly affect QOL. This study suggests special care strategies for vulnerable older adults addressing the issues that affect geriatric depression. This article provides relevant information to the government to consider increment of income, encourage family and community for social support and make health services affordable for older adults.
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Sachs-Ericsson N, Carr D, Sheffler J, Preston TJ, Kiosses D, Hajcak G. Cognitive reappraisal and the association between depressive symptoms and perceived social support among older adults. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:453-461. [PMID: 31876170 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1698516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is an association between depression and diminished social support; indeed, interpersonal dysfunction is often a central feature of depression. The purpose of this study is to examine the role that an emotion regulation (ER) strategy, cognitive reappraisal, plays in influencing the association between depressive symptoms and perceived social support in older adults. METHOD Data for this cross-sectional study come from a community-based survey of older adults (60+, N = 910). We examined the effects of depressive symptoms and cognitive reappraisal on perceived social support. We then examined the potential moderating role of cognitive reappraisal on the association between depressive symptoms and perceived social support. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of perceived social support. Cognitive reappraisal was associated with higher levels of perceived social support. Cognitive reappraisal moderated the negative consequences of depressive symptoms on perceived social support. Whereas depressive symptoms had a negative effect on perceived social support, the negative effect was greater for those with lower levels of cognitive reappraisal compared to those with higher levels of cognitive reappraisal. DISCUSSION ER strategies may play a role in attenuating the negative consequences of depressive symptoms on social support in older age. It may be possible to help individuals maintain social support in later life, even in the face of mental health challenges, if they cultivate ER skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn Carr
- Department of Sociology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Thomas J Preston
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Dimitris Kiosses
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Oliveira BLCAD, Lima SF, Costa ASV, Silva AMD, Alves MTSSDBE. Social participation and self-assessment of health status among older people in Brazil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:581-592. [PMID: 33605335 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021262.20342019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the prevalence of social participation (exposure) and its association with positive self-assessment of overall health status (SAH) (outcome) among 7,712 Brazilian elderly interviewed in the National Health Survey 2013. A cross-sectional study that used Propensity Score (PS) to improve comparability between the group exposed and no exposed to social participation. Poisson regression was performed to determine the prevalence and association of interest using crude and adjusted by inverse probability of selection of PS. Social participation was reported by 25.1% (CI95%: 23.4-26.9) and was lower among poor older people, who depend on public transportation and live in more precarious contexts. Most did not SAH positively, but the proportion was higher when they had social participation (48.0%; CI95%: 46.0-51.0). There was a positive association of social participation with SAH positive. The association using the adjusted model (PR: 1.15; CI95%: 1.08-1.22) attenuated the estimated in the crude model. Elderly exposed were 15% more likely to provide a positive SAH. Despite low levels in Brazil, there was a positive association between of social participation and SAH, confirming that engagement in such activities provides important gains for the health and quality of life.
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Mehrabi F, Béland F. Frailty as a Moderator of the Relationship between Social Isolation and Health Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1675. [PMID: 33572443 PMCID: PMC7916171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of social isolation on frailty and health outcomes and tested whether these associations varied across different levels of frailty. We performed a multivariate analysis of the first wave of Frailty: A longitudinal study of its expressions (FRéLE) among 1643 Canadian older adults aged 65 years and over. We assessed social isolation using social participation, social networks, and support from various social ties, namely, friends, children, extended family, and partner. Frailty was associated with disability, comorbidity, depression, and cognitive decline. Less social participation was associated with limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), depression, and cognitive decline. The absence of friends was associated with depression and cognitive impairment. Less social support from children and partner was related to comorbidity, depression, and cognitive decline. Overall, social isolation is linked to mental health rather than physical health. The associations of having no siblings, receiving less support from friends, and participating less in social activities with ADL limitations, depression, and cognitive decline were higher among frail than prefrail and robust older adults. This study corroborates the pivotal role of social connectedness, particularly the quality of relationships, on the mental health of older adults. Public health policies on social relationships are paramount to ameliorate the health status of frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Mehrabi
- School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, 7071 Parc Ave, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada;
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 7071 Parc Ave, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - François Béland
- School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, 7071 Parc Ave, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada;
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 7071 Parc Ave, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755, Chemin de la Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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Akosile CO, Igwemmadu CK, Okoye EC, Odole AC, Mgbeojedo UG, Fabunmi AA, Onwuakagba IU. Physical activity level, fear of falling and quality of life: a comparison between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:12. [PMID: 33407211 PMCID: PMC7788713 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA), fear of falling (FOF) and quality of life (QOL) are very important constructs in geriatrics. The interplay among these constructs may vary between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults. However, studies comparing the wellbeing of community-dwelling older adults with those residing in the assisted-living facilities (ALFs) are rather rare especially from developing countries. This study was aimed at comparing PA, FOF and QOL between assisted-living and community-dwelling older adults and also determining the correlations amongst the constructs for each group. Methods This cross-sectional survey involved consecutively sampled 114 older adults (≥65 years, ambulant and well-oriented in time, place and person) residing in conveniently selected ALFs (11.3% males) and adjoining communities (54.1% males). PA, FOF and QOL were evaluated using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Modified Fall Efficacy Scale and the Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire respectively. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and Spearman rank-order correlation test at 0.05 level of significance. Results Participants from the ALFs had significantly lower domain and overall PA (F=5.6–103.34; p< 0.05) and QOL (F=11.12–118.05; p< 0,05) scores than community-dwelling groups. FOF was significantly more prevalent in assisted-living group (p< 0.05). There were significant positive correlations (p< 0.05) between each pair of PA, FOF and QOL for both assisted-living and community-dwelling groups. Conclusions Older adults in the ALFs had lower PA and QOL scores with higher prevalence of FOF than their community-dwelling counterparts. Significant relationships existed between PA, FOF and QOL for participants in either group. Present results may be suggesting that ageing in place ensures better health outcomes than institutionalised ageing. Whenever possible, older adults should therefore be encouraged to age in place rather than moving into ALFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Charles Kenechukwu Igwemmadu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Christiana Odole
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Ayodele Fabunmi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Coughlin SS. Social Determinants of Health and Cancer Survivorship. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2021; 7:11-15. [PMID: 34621981 PMCID: PMC8494398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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Garrod M, Vafaei A, Martin L. The Link Between Difficulty in Accessing Health Care and Health Status in a Canadian Context. Health Serv Insights 2020; 13:1178632920977904. [PMID: 33343198 PMCID: PMC7727055 DOI: 10.1177/1178632920977904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of the Canadian population reports some level of difficulty in accessing health care services. Despite being a recognized determinant of health, the relationship between access to health care and overall health has not been examined extensively. This study is an analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey 2016 database. A composite score for difficulty in accessing health care was constructed based on several survey questions. Self-rated health (SRH), the measure of general health status, was compared between individuals with and without difficulty in accessing health care services by estimating prevalence rate ratios adjusting for age, sex, education, income, urban/rural status, race, and Indigenous status. After adjustment for pertinent confounders, difficulty in accessing health care was not statistically significantly associated with SRH. However, in stratified models, difficulty accessing health care was associated with a 12% lower probability of reporting good SRH among non-white individuals. Test of interactions for other social determinants was not significant. For racial minorities, inequalities in access to health care are associated with lower self-rated health. Further research to investigate causes underlying difficulties in accessing health care could lead to public health programs ensuring all Canadians receive equal health care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Garrod
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Afshin Vafaei
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Lynn Martin
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
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Blanco-Molina M, Pinazo-Hernandis S, Montoro-Rodriguez J, Tomas JM. Testing a Proactive Model of Successful Aging Among Older Adults in Costa Rica and Spain. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2020; 93:619-635. [PMID: 33236652 DOI: 10.1177/0091415020974621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine successful aging among Spanish-speaking older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain using the proactive framework proposed by Kahana et al. (2014). More specifically, we hypothesized that older adults' life satisfaction would be positively associated with the frequency and perceived level of social support, spirituality/having purpose in life, and the use of proactive physical, cognitive, and social self-care behaviors. Our results confirmed these hypotheses, not only for the overall group of participants, but also separately for older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain. The present study contributes to the literature of successful aging among older adults, by examining the protective factors associated with life satisfaction among Spanish speaking older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain. It identifies specific protective factors (spirituality/purpose in life, social support, and self-care) associated with the values and preferences held by participants in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Blanco-Molina
- 355073 Psychology School, Faculty of Social Science, National University, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | | | - Julian Montoro-Rodriguez
- 14727 Department of Gerontology and School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jose M Tomas
- 16781 Faculty of Pychology, University of València, València, Spain
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Sehmi R, Maughan B, Matthews T, Arseneault L. No man is an island: social resources, stress and mental health at mid-life. Br J Psychiatry 2020; 217:638-644. [PMID: 30827291 PMCID: PMC7116268 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2019.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive social relationships are known to mitigate the negative effects of stress on mental health. However, the direction of association between social resources and mental health remains unclear, and it is not known whether higher than average levels of social resources confer additional benefits, in the short and longer term. AIMS To investigate the concurrent and longitudinal contribution of higher levels of social resources in reducing the risk of mental health symptoms after exposure to stress at age 45, and to identify life-course precursors of mid-life social resources. METHOD The National Child Development Study (NCDS) is a prospective birth cohort of over 17 000 births in 1958. We tested concurrent and longitudinal associations between different levels of social resources at age 45 and mental health symptoms among individuals exposed to stress and verified whether prior mental health symptoms (age 42) explained these associations. We also tested a range of child, family and adult precursors of mid-life social resources. RESULTS Higher than average levels of social resources were required to confer benefits to mental health among individuals exposed to high stress levels, both concurrently at age 45 and in the longer term at age 50. In general, these associations were not attributable to prior mental health symptoms. Key predictors of mid-life social resources included evidence of early sociability. CONCLUSIONS Having a broad network of social ties and better personal support helps individuals withstand exposure to higher levels of stress. Given that sociable children had better mid-life social resources, early intervention may benefit individuals' social resources later in life.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies have documented associations between social isolation and poor physical health or well-being. However, little is known of the importance of social support among older adults on specific topics about their quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between social isolation and quality of life among older adults. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Mexico City. PARTICIPANTS 1,252 subjects aged ≥ 60 years living at home. MEASUREMENTS We used the Abbreviated Version of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) to assess social isolation and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-Old) to assess quality of life. Socio-demographic and health factors were collected through face-to-face interviews. A series of linear regression analyses were used to investigate relationship between social isolation and quality of life. The statistical models were controlled for socio-demographic and health factors. RESULTS A total of 750 women (60%) and 502 men (40%) participated in the study. According to their LSNS-6 scores, 426 participants (34.0%) were classified into the highest group of isolation (range 0-10 points). Older adults with higher scores of social isolation exhibited lower quality of life. Regression analyses indicated that social isolation correlated with lower levels of global quality of life, autonomy, intimacy, and past, present, and future activities. CONCLUSIONS Coping with life from a socially isolated situation entails serious difficulties concerning quality of life. Interventions that foster environments where older adults can forge social bonds might improve their quality of life.
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Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: Its Association with Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Health-Promoting Behavior. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040407. [PMID: 33081352 PMCID: PMC7712387 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationships among sociodemographics, health literacy, self-efficacy, social support, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults. A total of 240 older adults aged >65 years were recruited from three community senior welfare centers in South Korea. Standardized self-administered questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, social support, self-efficacy, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life were distributed to older adults. Multiple regression analyses with stepwise selection was used to determine the factors affecting health-related quality of life. Factors affecting a higher physical component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. Factors affecting a higher mental component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, self-efficacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. To improve HRQOL among older adults, nursing interventions are required to measure health literacy, empower physical health-promoting behavior and self-efficacy, and enhance emotional-informational support from family or other resources.
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Increasing Social Connectedness for Underserved Older Adults Living With Depression: A Pre-Post Evaluation of PEARLS. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 29:828-842. [PMID: 33187883 PMCID: PMC7564120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate PEARLS effectiveness for increasing social connectedness among underserved older adults with depression. DESIGN Multisite, pre-post single-group evaluation. SETTING Community-based social service organizations (N = 16) in five U.S. states, purposively sampled for maximum variation of participants and providers. PARTICIPANTS A total of 320 homebound older adults (mean(SD) age 72.9(9.6), 79% female, 44% people of color, 81% low-income, 61% living alone, average four chronic conditions) with clinically significant depression (PHQ-9 mean(SD) 12.7(4.6)). INTERVENTION Four to 6 month home-based depression care management model delivered by trained front-line providers. MEASUREMENTS Brief validated social connectedness scales: Duke Social Support Index 10-item (DSSI-10), PROMIS-Social Isolation (6-item), UCLA-Loneliness (3-item); sociodemographic and health measures. RESULTS At baseline, PEARLS participants overall and with ≥1 of the following characteristics were less socially connected: younger (50-64), white, LGBTQ+, not partnered, not caregiving, living alone, financial limitations, chronic conditions, and/or recently hospitalized. Six-months post-PEARLS enrollment, participants significantly increased social interactions and satisfaction with social support (DSSI-10 t[312] = 5.2, p <0.001); and reduced perceived isolation (PROMIS t[310] = 6.3, p <0.001); and loneliness (UCLA t[301] = 3.7, p =0.002), with small to moderate effect sizes (Cohen's d DSSI-10: 0.28, PROMIS-SI: 0.35, UCLA: 0.21). Increased social connectedness was associated with reduced depression. Improvements in social connectedness (except social interactions) persisted during early COVID-19. Being Latino and/or having difficulty paying for basic needs was associated with less improvement in post-PEARLS social connectedness. CONCLUSION PEARLS has potential to improve social connectedness among underserved older adults, though additional supports may be needed for persons facing multiple social determinants of health. Further research is needed to establish causality.
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Mehrabi F, Béland F. Effects of social isolation, loneliness and frailty on health outcomes and their possible mediators and moderators in community-dwelling older adults: A scoping review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 90:104119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Stinchcombe A, Hammond NG, Wilson K. Differential Effects of Social Support by Sexual Orientation: A Study of Depression Symptoms Among Older Canadians in the CLSA. Res Aging 2020; 42:251-261. [DOI: 10.1177/0164027520923111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examined differences in symptoms of mental illness, specifically depression, by sexual orientation and examined the protective role of social support among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older Canadians. Data were drawn from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a national study of adults aged 45–85 years at baseline ( n = 46,157). We examined whether the effect of sexual orientation on depression symptoms was moderated by four types of social support: emotional/informational support, affectionate support, tangible support, and positive social interaction. LGB identification was associated with increased depression symptoms relative to heterosexual participants. After adjustment for covariates, bisexual identity remained a significant predictor of depression symptoms. Low emotional/informational social support was associated with increased depression symptoms, an effect that was most pronounced for lesbian and gay participants. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the mental health of older LGB people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Stinchcombe
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole G. Hammond
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberley Wilson
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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De Maria M, Tagliabue S, Ausili D, Vellone E, Matarese M. Perceived social support and health-related quality of life in older adults who have multiple chronic conditions and their caregivers: a dyadic analysis. Soc Sci Med 2020; 262:113193. [PMID: 32777671 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Patients who have multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) and their informal caregivers experience poorer health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Perceived social support has been shown to influence HRQOL. OBJECTIVES This study aimed at identifying the differences between patients' and caregivers' physical and mental HRQOL; and determining the association between their perception of social support from different sources, and their own and their dyad partner's HRQOL. METHOD Patients with MCCs and their caregivers (345 dyads) were enrolled in a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in Italy. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support measured perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others, and the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey measured the physical and mental component of HRQOL in dyads. The dyadic analysis was conducted using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model through structural equation modelling. RESULTS Family support perceived by each member of the dyad was associated positively with their own mental HRQOL, and that family support perceived by caregivers was also associated positively with patients' mental HRQOL. Greater family support perceived by caregivers was also associated with better physical HRQOL in both caregivers and patients. Moreover, greater friend-support perceived by each member of the dyad was positively associated with own physical HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests the reciprocal influence of perceived social support from family and friends on physical and mental HRQOL in MCC dyads. Healthcare professionals should identify those people who are the main sources of support for each member of the dyad, and develop care plans that promote the maintenance and enhancing of this support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena De Maria
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Semira Tagliabue
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Trieste, 17, 25121, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Davide Ausili
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy.
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Matarese
- Research Unit of Nursing Science, Campus Bio-medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 00128, Rome, Italy.
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Davis CMA, Sentell TL, de Souza Barbosa JF, Ylli A, Curcio CL, Pirkle CM. Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines by Walking in Older Adults From Three Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From the International Mobility in Aging Study. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:333-342. [PMID: 31715581 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) among older adults is understudied in middle-income countries. The authors examined the associations of factors across levels of the social ecological model (individual, interpersonal, organizational, and community) with older adults meeting guidelines of 150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA per week through walking in three middle-income countries: Albania (n = 387), Colombia (n = 404), and Brazil (n = 402). Using 2012 International Mobility in Aging Study data, multivariate logistic regression models identified the following significant associations with meeting PA guidelines through walking (a) individual level: depression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval, CI [0.45, 0.86]), being female (OR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.56, 0.998]), and high relative education (OR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.33, 2.41]) and (b) interpersonal level: high life partner (OR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.04, 1.83]) and friend social ties (OR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.05, 1.83]). While individual and interpersonal variables were associated with meeting PA guidelines, community-level social and environmental variables were not.
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