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Kongsvold A, Flaaten M, Logacjov A, Skarpsno ES, Bach K, Nilsen TIL, Mork PJ. Can the bias of self-reported sitting time be corrected? A statistical model validation study based on data from 23 993 adults in the Norwegian HUNT study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:139. [PMID: 38012746 PMCID: PMC10680356 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite apparent shortcomings such as measurement error and low precision, self-reported sedentary time is still widely used in surveillance and research. The aim of this study was threefold; (i) to examine the agreement between self-reported and device-measured sitting time in a general adult population; (ii), to examine to what extent demographics, lifestyle factors, long-term health conditions, physical work demands, and educational level is associated with measurement bias; and (iii), to explore whether correcting for factors associated with bias improves the prediction of device-measured sitting time based on self-reported sitting time. METHODS A statistical validation model study based on data from 23 993 adults in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4), Norway. Participants reported usual sitting time on weekdays using a single-item questionnaire and wore two AX3 tri-axial accelerometers on the thigh and low back for an average of 3.8 (standard deviation [SD] 0.7, range 1-5) weekdays to determine their sitting time. Statistical validation was performed by iteratively adding all possible combinations of factors associated with bias between self-reported and device-measured sitting time in a multivariate linear regression. We randomly selected 2/3 of the data (n = 15 995) for model development and used the remaining 1/3 (n = 7 998) to evaluate the model. RESULTS Mean (SD) self-reported and device-measured sitting time were 6.8 (2.9) h/day and 8.6 (2.2) h/day, respectively, corresponding to a mean difference of 1.8 (3.1) h/day. Limits of agreement ranged from - 8.0 h/day to 4.4 h/day. The discrepancy between the measurements was characterized by a proportional bias with participants device-measured to sit less overestimating their sitting time and participants device-measured to sit more underestimating their sitting time. The crude explained variance of device-measured sitting time based on self-reported sitting time was 10%. This improved to 24% when adding age, body mass index and physical work demands to the model. Adding sex, lifestyle factors, educational level, and long-term health conditions to the model did not improve the explained variance. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported sitting time had low validity and including a range of factors associated with bias in self-reported sitting time only marginally improved the prediction of device-measured sitting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atle Kongsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mats Flaaten
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksej Logacjov
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kerstin Bach
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Garza JL, Cavallari JM, Cherniack MG. Associations between observed time sitting at work and musculoskeletal symptoms: a repeated-measures study of manufacturing workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:329-334. [PMID: 35238284 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2043638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Time sitting at work is known to affect health overall, but its specific effects on musculoskeletal symptoms are unclear. We evaluated the relationship between observed time sitting at work and self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among 195 manufacturing workers. Longer time sitting at work was significantly associated with lower prevalence of neck/shoulder (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.68, 0.72]; p < 0.001) and arm/wrist/hand (PR = 0.46, 95% CI [0.31, 0.69]; p < 0.001) musculoskeletal symptoms. Associations remained largely unchanged after adjusting for job type or occupational postures and load. Time sitting at work was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms, and should be taken into consideration as part of interventions to prevent musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and promote health of manufacturing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Garza
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
| | - J M Cavallari
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
| | - M G Cherniack
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
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Kliniec K, Mendowski M, Zuziak P, Sobieski M, Grata-Borkowska U. The Correlation of Frequency of Work-Related Disorders with Type of Work among Polish Employees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1624. [PMID: 36674377 PMCID: PMC9861492 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders have a significant negative impact on the quality of life of the population. These conditions, as well as other work-related disorders, generate costs associated with treatment and work absence, which makes it a growing problem in industrialized countries. Available data from studies on individual populations of workers indicate a higher incidence of certain symptoms in these groups. Due to the lack of studies on the general population, we aimed to perform the preliminary study evaluating the occurrence of pain and work-related conditions depending on the type of occupational work among Polish employees to identify further possible areas for research. Data was collected using an electronic self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed in groups bringing together various professionals. The data obtained from 379 participants have been analyzed and divided according to performed work into sedentary, forced posture, standing, physical and requiring physical activity. Our study reveals a correlation between the frequency of work-related disorders and type of work performed in the Polish population. A significant correlation between the type of occupational work and prevalence of ankle, knee and shoulder pain, as well as heavy legs or upper limb paresthesia was found. According to our findings, female employees may be more vulnerable to lower limb symptoms. A place of residence also seems to affect the prevalence of upper back pain and heavy legs. The analysis also showed a correlation between the occurrence of hip, knee and ankle pain and the level of education of the participants. Surprisingly, lower extremity paresthesia was significantly more common among participants undertaking additional physical activity, compared to non-physically active respondents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kliniec
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland
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Honkanen T, Vaara JP, Pihlajamäki H, Västilä V, Kyröläinen H. Association between spinal disorders and different domains of physical activity among young adult men. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:895008. [PMID: 36157900 PMCID: PMC9493002 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.895008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThere is limited evidence of how physical activity (PA) associates with low back pain (LBP) and neck pain (NP). Particularly, the association between occupational or commuting PA and LBP/NP is unclear. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between spinal disorders and different physical activity domains in young and healthy adult men.MethodsSelf-reported leisure time, occupational and commuting PA, as well as LBP and NP, were studied using questionnaires among young Finnish males (n = 1,630). Logistic regression analysis was used to study the associations of PA domains, physical fitness, and spinal disorders. Regression models were adjusted for age, education, smoking, waist circumference, and the other PA domains.ResultsThere was a positive association between moderate leisure-time PA and both LBP (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.18–1.95) and NP (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.00–1.66) compared to low PA. Furthermore, moderate (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00–1.71) and high (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.15–2.02) leisure time PA groups had a higher likelihood of lumbago. Moderate (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.51–0.90) and high (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.95) occupational PA groups had lower likelihood for radiating LBP, while high occupational PA (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52–0.99) had lower likelihood for lumbago.ConclusionsThe associations between physical activity and LBP or NP seem to vary between different domains of physical activity among young healthy men. Commuting and occupation-related PA appear not to be harmfully associated with LPB or NP, whereas moderate-level leisure time PA may be associated with increased LBP and NP, and the respective high level may be associated with an increase in the prevalence of lumbago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Honkanen
- Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Tuomas Honkanen
| | - Jani P. Vaara
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Pihlajamäki
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Ville Västilä
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Svensson S, Hallman DM, Mathiassen S, Heiden M, Fagerström A, Mutiganda JC, Bergström G. Flexible Work: Opportunity and Challenge (FLOC) for individual, social and economic sustainability. Protocol for a prospective cohort study of non-standard employment and flexible work arrangements in Sweden. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057409. [PMID: 35820754 PMCID: PMC9274509 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flexibility in working life, including non-standard employment (NSE) and flexible work arrangements (FWAs), offers the organisation a better ability to adapt to changing conditions while also posing considerable challenges for organisations as well as workers. The aim of the Flexible Work: Opportunity and Challenge (FLOC) study is to investigate associations between NSE and FWA on the one hand, and individual, social and economic sustainability on the other. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This prospective open cohort study targets approximately 8000 workers 18-65 years old in 8-10 public and private organisations in Sweden. We will use a comprehensive battery of measurement methods addressing financial performance, physical and psychosocial exposures, and physical and mental health, both at the organisational and the individual level. Methods include valid survey questionnaires and register data, and, in subpopulations, technical measurements, interviews and diaries. Main exposures are type of employment and type of work arrangement. Main outcomes are indicators of social and economic sustainability and, at the individual level, health and well-being. Data, collected over 54 months at approximately 18-month intervals, will be analysed using multivariate methods considering main effects as well as potential effect modifiers. The analyses will take into account that respondents are nested in organisations, divisions and/or have specific managers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION FLOC is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (decision numbers 2019-06220, 2020-06094 and 2021-02725). Data will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences, and researchers will assist the organisations in improving policies and routines for employment and organisation of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Svensson
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
| | - David M Hallman
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
| | - SvendErik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
| | - Marina Heiden
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
| | - Arne Fagerström
- Faculty of Education and Business Studies, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
| | | | - Gunnar Bergström
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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The Ergonomic Association between Shoulder, Neck/Head Disorders and Sedentary Activity: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:5178333. [PMID: 35356625 PMCID: PMC8959976 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5178333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Work-associated upper limb and neck disorders are common occupational disorders throughout the world. These disorders are usually observed more in workers who spend a long time sitting, referred to as sedentary activity (SA). The immediate and distorted risk of sedentary-related problems was considered high in Europe, Australia, and the United States. Even though mediation is convenient, it is likely to reduce office workers' risks of developing cervical and upper body pain due to sedentary work. This systematic review addresses risk factors and evaluates the relationship between SA and upper body disorders in office workers (i.e., shoulder and neck/head). Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published between January 2010 and August 2021 in the English language. The three keywords “sedentary,” “upper body elements,” and “work” (and their derivatives) were searched to identify studies and carry out this systematic review. The articles were searched so that all three keywords or at least a derivation of each keyword should appear. Findings. Of the 40 articles that met the enclosure criteria, 32 studies examined the association of SA and upper body elements during both office and computer work. However, three articles were evaluated in the sit-stand work environment, and in the remaining five studies, one was evaluated during teaching, two during hospital work, and two during mixed working conditions. Conclusions Research related to SA focuses mainly on extended risk factors, but there was no focus on other aspects, such as muscle and tendon contractions. As there is a convincing connection between SA and the upper body, our close examination identifies the need to institutionalize a system for collecting, analyzing, and describing the impact and short-term effects of SA on the upper body. Additionally, some suggestions were made to minimize the risk in a sedentary working environment.
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Dzakpasu FQS, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Cicuttini F, Urquhart DM, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Musculoskeletal pain and sedentary behaviour in occupational and non-occupational settings: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:159. [PMID: 34895248 PMCID: PMC8666269 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB; time spent sitting) is associated with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions; however, no prior systematic review has examined these associations according to SB domains. We synthesised evidence on occupational and non-occupational SB and MSP conditions. METHODS Guided by a PRISMA protocol, eight databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and AMED) and three grey literature sources (Google Scholar, WorldChat, and Trove) were searched (January 1, 2000, to March 17, 2021) for original quantitative studies of adults ≥ 18 years. Clinical-condition studies were excluded. Studies' risk of bias was assessed using the QualSyst checklist. For meta-analyses, random effect inverse-variance pooled effect size was estimated; otherwise, best-evidence synthesis was used for narrative review. RESULTS Of 178 potentially-eligible studies, 79 were included [24 general population; 55 occupational (incuding15 experimental/intervention)]; 56 studies were of high quality, with scores > 0.75. Data for 26 were meta-synthesised. For cross-sectional studies of non-occupational SB, meta-analysis showed full-day SB to be associated with low back pain [LBP - OR = 1.19(1.03 - 1.38)]. Narrative synthesis found full-day SB associations with knee pain, arthritis, and general MSP, but the evidence was insufficient on associations with neck/shoulder pain, hip pain, and upper extremities pain. Evidence of prospective associations of full-day SB with MSP conditions was insufficient. Also, there was insufficient evidence on both cross-sectional and prospective associations between leisure-time SB and MSP conditions. For occupational SB, cross-sectional studies meta-analysed indicated associations of self-reported workplace sitting with LBP [OR = 1.47(1.12 - 1.92)] and neck/shoulder pain [OR = 1.73(1.46 - 2.03)], but not with extremities pain [OR = 1.17(0.65 - 2.11)]. Best-evidence synthesis identified inconsistent findings on cross-sectional association and a probable negative prospective association of device-measured workplace sitting with LBP-intensity in tradespeople. There was cross-sectional evidence on the association of computer time with neck/shoulder pain, but insufficient evidence for LBP and general MSP. Experimental/intervention evidence indicated reduced LBP, neck/shoulder pain, and general MSP with reducing workplace sitting. CONCLUSIONS We found cross-sectional associations of occupational and non-occupational SB with MSP conditions, with occupational SB associations being occupation dependent, however, reverse causality bias cannot be ruled out. While prospective evidence was inconclusive, reducing workplace sitting was associated with reduced MSP conditions. Future studies should emphasise prospective analyses and examining potential interactions with chronic diseases. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION PROSPERO ID # CRD42020166412 (Amended to limit the scope).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Q S Dzakpasu
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alison Carver
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian J Brakenridge
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Central Clinical School/Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Donna M Urquhart
- Central Clinical School/Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Jun D, Johnston V, McPhail SM, O'Leary S. A Longitudinal Evaluation of Risk Factors and Interactions for the Development of Nonspecific Neck Pain in Office Workers in Two Cultures. HUMAN FACTORS 2021; 63:663-683. [PMID: 32119582 DOI: 10.1177/0018720820904231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for the development of interfering neck pain in office workers including an examination of the interaction effects between potential risk factors. BACKGROUND The 1-year incidence of neck pain in office workers is reported as the highest of all occupations. Identifying risk factors for the development of neck pain in office workers is therefore a priority to direct prevention strategies. METHODS Participants included 214 office workers without neck pain from two cultures. A battery of measures evaluating potential individual and workplace risk factors were administered at baseline, and the incidence of interfering neck pain assessed monthly for 12 months. Survival analysis was used to identify relationships between risk factors and the development of interfering neck pain. RESULTS One-year incidence was 1.93 (95% CI [1.41, 2.64]) per 100 person months. Factors increasing the risk of developing interfering neck pain were older age, female gender, increased sitting hours, higher job strain, and stress. A neutral thorax sitting posture, greater cervical range of motion and muscle endurance, and higher physical activity were associated with a decreased risk of neck pain. The effects of some risk factors on the development of neck pain were moderated by the workers' coping resources. CONCLUSION Multiple risk factors and interactions may explain the development of neck pain in office workers. Therefore, plans for preventing the development of interfering neck pain in office workers should consider multiple individual and work-related factors with some factors being potentially more modifiable than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokhoon Jun
- 1974 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Steven M McPhail
- 1969 Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Metro South Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shaun O'Leary
- 1974 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Australia
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Bergsten EL, Haapakangas A, Larsson J, Jahncke H, Hallman DM. Effects of relocation to activity-based workplaces on perceived productivity: Importance of change-oriented leadership. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 93:103348. [PMID: 33497955 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based workplaces (ABWs) are becoming popular in Western countries and were implemented at four office sites of a large Swedish government agency. A fifth office was used as a control group. The study aim was to examine the effects of relocation to ABW on perceived productivity among employees and to determine if perceived change-oriented leadership behavior prior to relocation moderates potential effects. Data were collected three months prior to relocation, and three and 12 months after. 407 respondents were included in linear mixed regression models. Perceived productivity decreased significantly after relocation compared to the control group and these effects persisted 12 months after the relocation. However, the decrease in perceived productivity was significantly smaller among employees perceiving high change-oriented leadership before relocation. Our results point out the importance of a change-oriented leadership behavior during the implementation to avoid productivity loss among employees when implementing ABWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L Bergsten
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Annu Haapakangas
- Faculty of Health and Well-being, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Joukahaisenkatu 3, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Johan Larsson
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden; Department of Occupational Health and Safety, LKAB, Gällivare, Sweden.
| | - Helena Jahncke
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
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Hallman DM, Gupta N, Bergamin Januario L, Holtermann A. Work-Time Compositions of Physical Behaviors and Trajectories of Sick Leave Due to Musculoskeletal Pain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041508. [PMID: 33562531 PMCID: PMC7915038 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between work-time compositions of physical behavior and sick leave trajectories due to musculoskeletal pain over one year. We conducted a secondary analysis using the data of 981 workers in a Danish prospective cohort (DPHACTO 2012–2014). At baseline, we assessed physical behaviors (sitting, standing, light physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) at work and during leisure, using accelerometers. Over 1 year follow-up, workers reported sick-leave days due to musculoskeletal pain at 4-week intervals. Four distinct trajectories of sick leave were previously identified in this cohort (“no sick leave”, “few days—increasing trajectory”, “some days—decreasing trajectory”, “some days—increasing trajectory”), and used as an outcome in multinomial regression models with work-time compositions as predictors, adjusted for compositions of behavior during leisure, age, sex, body mass index, and smoking habits. More time spent sitting relative to the other behaviors was negatively associated with the trajectory of few days—increasing sick leave (p = 0.004), while time in LIPA was positively associated with the trajectory of some days—increasing sick leave (p = 0.009). Standing and MVPA were not significantly associated with sick leave trajectories. In conclusion, work-time compositions with more sitting relative to the other behaviors had lower risk for an increasing trajectory of sick leave due to pain, while compositions with more LIPA had higher risk. This may have implications for prevention of pain-related sick leave in blue-collar workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-736266413
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (N.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Leticia Bergamin Januario
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden;
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (N.G.); (A.H.)
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Januario LB, Stevens ML, Mathiassen SE, Holtermann A, Karstad K, Hallman DM. Combined Effects of Physical Behavior Compositions and Psychosocial Resources on Perceived Exertion Among Eldercare Workers. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 64:923-935. [PMID: 32729914 PMCID: PMC7751016 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives High perceived physical exertion is common in eldercare workers and a strong predictor for impaired health. However, little is known on how physical behaviors at work associate with physical exertion in this group. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the composition of physical behaviors at work is associated with perceived physical exertion in nursing home eldercare workers, and the extent to which these associations are modified by psychosocial resources. Methods Our population consisted of 399 female eldercare workers from 126 wards in 20 different nursing homes. We evaluated time spent in physical behaviors at work [sitting, standing still, light activities (LAs), and moderate to vigorous activities (MVAs)] using triaxial accelerometers worn, on average, for three working days. We accounted for inherent codependency between the behaviors using compositional data analysis. We used multilevel linear mixed regression models to determine associations between the behaviors and perceived exertion, measured on a numeric rating scale (0–10), and included interactions between each behavior and psychosocial resources (influence at work, social support, and quality of leadership) to determine a possible moderating effect of resources. Regression results were illustrated using isotemporal substitution. Results Sitting was negatively (β: −0.64; P < 0.01) while MVA was positively (β: 0.95; P = 0.02) associated with perceived exertion. According to isotemporal substitution, replacing 30 min of MVA by sitting would, for an average worker, be associated with a decrease in physical exertion by −0.14 on the 0–10 scale. Job resources marginally moderated the association between LA and exertion. Thus, among workers with low influence and low social support, we found a positive association between LA and exertion, while that was not found for workers with medium or high influence and support (interactions for influence and support: P = 0.08 and P = 0.10). Conclusions Our findings suggest that reallocating time from MVA to sitting can mitigate perceived physical exertion in eldercare workers. More time in LA increased physical exertion only for workers with low psychosocial resources, supporting a positive effect of a better psychosocial work environment in elderly care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Bergamin Januario
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Matthew L Stevens
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Karstad
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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12
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Stevens ML, Gupta N, Inan Eroglu E, Crowley PJ, Eroglu B, Bauman A, Granat M, Straker L, Palm P, Stenholm S, Aadahl M, Mork P, Chastin S, Rangul V, Hamer M, Koster A, Holtermann A, Stamatakis E. Thigh-worn accelerometry for measuring movement and posture across the 24-hour cycle: a scoping review and expert statement. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000874. [PMID: 33408875 PMCID: PMC7768971 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Prospective Physical Activity Sitting and Sleep consortium (ProPASS) is an international collaboration platform committed to harmonise thigh-worn accelerometry data. The aim of this paper is to (1) outline observational thigh-worn accelerometry studies and (2) summarise key strategic directions arising from the inaugural ProPASS meeting. Methods (1) We performed a systematic scoping review for observational studies of thigh-worn triaxial accelerometers in free-living adults (n≥100, 24 hours monitoring protocols). (2)Attendees of the inaugural ProPASS meeting were sent a survey focused on areas related to developing ProPASS: important terminology (Q1); accelerometry constructs (Q2); advantages and distinct contribution of the consortium (Q3); data pooling and harmonisation (Q4); data access and sharing (Q5 and Q6). Results (1) Eighty eligible articles were identified (22 primary studies; n~17 685). The accelerometers used most often were the ActivPAL3 and ActiGraph GT3X. The most commonly collected health outcomes were cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal. (2) None of the survey questions elicited the predefined 60% agreement. Survey responses recommended that ProPASS: use the term physical behaviour or movement behaviour rather than 'physical activity' for the data we are collecting (Q1); make only minor changes to ProPASS's accelerometry construct (Q2); prioritise developing standardised protocols/tools (Q4); facilitate flexible methods of data sharing and access (Q5 and Q6). Conclusions Thigh-worn accelerometry is an emerging method of capturing movement and posture across the 24 hours cycle. In 2020, the literature is limited to 22 primary studies from high-income western countries. This work identified ProPASS's strategic directions-indicating areas where ProPASS can most benefit the field of research: use of clear terminology, refinement of the measured construct, standardised protocols/tools and flexible data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Stevens
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elif Inan Eroglu
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick Joseph Crowley
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barbaros Eroglu
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Granat
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK.,PAL Technologies, Glasgow, UK
| | - Leon Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Palm
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mette Aadahl
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Vegar Rangul
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise & Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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13
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Johansson E, Mathiassen SE, Lund Rasmusse C, Hallman DM. Sitting, standing and moving during work and leisure among male and female office workers of different age: a compositional data analysis. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:826. [PMID: 32487107 PMCID: PMC7268323 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gendered patterns of physical activity behaviours may help explaining health inequalities between men and women. However, evidence on such patterns in the working population is sparse. This study aimed at documenting and comparing compositions of sitting, standing and moving at work and during leisure among male and female office workers of different age. METHODS Sitting (including lying), standing and moving were measured using accelerometry for, on average, four working days in 55 male and 57 female Swedish office workers. Behaviours were described in terms of time spent in four exhaustive categories: sitting in short (< 30 min) and long (≥30 min) bouts, standing, and moving. In a compositional data analysis approach, isometric log-ratios (ilr) were calculated for time sitting relative to non-sitting, time in short relative to long sitting bouts, and time in standing relative to moving. Differences between genders (men vs. women), domains (work vs. leisure), and according to age were examined for each ilr using ANOVA. RESULTS At work, time spent sitting in short bouts, sitting in long bouts, standing, and moving was, on average, 29, 43, 21 and 7% among men, and 28, 38, 26 and 7% among women. Corresponding proportions during leisure were 34, 27, 27 and 13% among men and 28, 27, 32 and 13% among women. Men spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting ([Formula: see text] =0.04, p = 0.03) than women, and less time standing relative to moving ([Formula: see text] =0.07, p = 0.01). At work compared to during leisure, both genders spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting ([Formula: see text] =0.47, p < 0.01); within sitting more time was spent in long relative to short sitting bouts ([Formula: see text] =0.26, p < 0.01), and within non-sitting, more time was spent standing than moving ([Formula: see text] =0.12, p < 0.01). Older workers spent less of their non-sitting time moving than younger workers ([Formula: see text] =0.07, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Male office workers spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting than female workers, and more time moving relative to standing. Both genders were sitting more at work than during leisure. Older workers moved less than younger. These workers could likely benefit from interventions to reduce or break up prolonged sitting time, preferably by moving more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Johansson
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Lund Rasmusse
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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14
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Sedentary and Physical Activity Behavior in "Blue-Collar" Workers: A Systematic Review of Accelerometer Studies. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:1060-1069. [PMID: 31469366 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review assessed evidence on the accelerometer-measured sedentary and physical activity (PA) behavior of nonoffice workers in "blue-collar" industries. METHODS The databases CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus were searched up to April 6, 2018. Eligibility criteria were accelerometer-measured sedentary, sitting, and/or PA behaviors in "blue-collar" workers (≥10 participants; agricultural, construction, cleaning, manufacturing, mining, postal, or transport industries). Data on participants' characteristics, study protocols, and measured behaviors during work and/or nonwork time were extracted. Methodologic quality was assessed using a 12-item checklist. RESULTS Twenty studies (representing 11 data sets), all from developed world economies, met inclusion criteria. The mean quality score for selected studies was 9.5 (SD 0.8) out of a maximum of 12. Data were analyzed using a range of analytical techniques (eg, accelerometer counts or pattern recognition algorithms). "Blue-collar" workers were more sedentary and less active during nonwork compared with work time (eg, sitting 5.7 vs 3.2 h/d; moderate to vigorous PA 0.5 vs 0.7 h/d). Drivers were the most sedentary (work time 5.1 h/d; nonwork time 8.2 h/d). CONCLUSIONS High levels of sedentary time and insufficient PA to offset risk are health issues for "blue-collar" workers. To better inform interventions, research groups need to adopt common measurement and reporting methodologies.
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15
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Gupta N, Dumuid D, Korshøj M, Jørgensen MB, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Is Daily Composition of Movement Behaviors Related to Blood Pressure in Working Adults? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:2150-2155. [PMID: 30222689 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the association of the daily composition of time spent sedentary, in light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time in bed (movement behaviors) with blood pressure (BP) among white- and blue-collar workers. METHODS Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and body mass index of 827 workers were objectively measured. Daily composition of movement behaviors was derived from an Actigraph placed on the thigh for 1 to 5 d using the Acti4 software (2012-2013). The composition was expressed as isometric log-ratios. The cross-sectional associations between daily movement behavior composition and BP were investigated using the Compositional Data Analysis approach. The associations were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, lift/carry duration, medication intake, and job sector. RESULTS Daily composition of time spent in movement behaviors was significantly associated with SBP (F = 2.84, P = 0.04), but not DBP (F = 0.48, P = 0.69). Specifically, time reallocation to sedentary time and light physical activity from the remaining behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas time reallocation to time in bed and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from the remaining behaviors was beneficially associated with SBP. However, the results were only significant for time spent sedentary (P = 0.01) and in bed (P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Daily composition of movement behaviors is associated with SBP among workers. Spending more time sedentary compared with other behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas spending more time in bed was beneficially associated with SBP. How time is spent in different movement behaviors throughout the day is important for BP and needs to be further investigated to be included in future clinical practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
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16
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Hallman DM, Holtermann A, Dencker-Larsen S, Birk Jørgensen M, Nørregaard Rasmussen CD. Are trajectories of neck-shoulder pain associated with sick leave and work ability in workers? A 1-year prospective study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e022006. [PMID: 30898794 PMCID: PMC6475446 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine the extent to which latent trajectories of neck-shoulder pain (NSP) are associated with self-reported sick leave and work ability based on frequent repeated measures over 1 year in an occupational population. METHODS This longitudinal study included 748 Danish workers (blue-collar, n=620; white collar, n=128). A questionnaire was administered to collect data on personal and occupational factors at baseline. Text messages were used for repeated measurements of NSP intensity (scale 0-10) over 1 year (14 waves in total). Simultaneously, self-reported sick leave (days/month) due to pain was assessed at 4-week intervals, while work ability (scale 0-10) was assessed using a single item (work ability index) at 12-week intervals over the year. Trajectories of NSP, distinguished by latent class growth analysis, were used as predictors of sick leave and work ability in generalised estimation equations with multiple adjustments. RESULTS Sick leave increased and work ability decreased across all NSP trajectory classes (low, moderate, strong fluctuating and severe persistent pain intensity). In the adjusted model, the estimated number of days on sick leave was 1.5 days/month for severe persistent NSP compared with 0.1 days/month for low NSP (relative risk=13.8, 95% CI 6.7 to 28.5). Similarly, work ability decreased markedly for severe persistent NSP (OR=12.9, 95% CI 8.5 to 19.7; median 7.1) compared with low NSP (median 9.5). CONCLUSION Severe persistent NSP was associated with sick leave and poor work ability over 1 year among workers. Preventive strategies aiming at reducing severe persistent NSP among working populations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Work demands, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie Dencker-Larsen
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Work demands, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Birk Jørgensen
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Work demands, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Gupta N, Korshøj M, Dumuid D, Coenen P, Allesøe K, Holtermann A. Daily domain-specific time-use composition of physical behaviors and blood pressure. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:4. [PMID: 30630517 PMCID: PMC6327498 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has shown contrasting effects on hypertension for occupational and leisure-time physical behaviors—physical activity and sedentary behavior and time in bed. However, (a) none of these studies have addressed the compositional property of the physical behaviors and (b) most knowledge on the association between domain-specific physical behaviors and hypertension relies upon self-reported physical behaviors information primarily on white-collar worker study samples. We aimed to be the first to disentangle the relationship between technically measured 24-h time-use behaviors in work and leisure domains and blood pressure among blue-collar workers using a compositional data analysis approach. Methods Workers (n = 669) wore accelerometers to measure daily minutes of work and leisure sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and time in bed which were isometrically log-transformed. Cross-sectional linear association between time-use composition and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were determined using compositional isotemporal substitutions models. Results The time-use composition at the work and leisure domains was significantly associated with SBP (F = 4.98, p < 0.001) and DBP (F = 2.91, p = 0.008). Reallocating sedentary time to remaining behaviors within each domain—work and leisure—was favorably associated with SBP. Similar results were observed when reallocating time in bed from the remaining leisure behaviors. Results for reallocating time to/from MVPA and LPA at both domains were non-significant. Results regarding all physical behaviors for DBP were generally non-significant. Conclusions Time-use composition of physical behaviors at work and leisure is associated with blood pressure among blue-collar workers. At both domains, reallocating sedentary time to remaining behaviors, especially to time in bed at leisure may reduce blood pressure. Our results, based on a compositional data approach, can be used to better design accurate and comprehensive time-use recommendations both at work and leisure for high-risk groups like blue-collar workers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-018-0766-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Allesøe
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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18
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Bergsten EL, Mathiassen SE, Kwak L, Vingård E. Daily Shoulder Pain Among Flight Baggage Handlers and its Association With Work Tasks and Upper Arm Postures on the Same Day. Ann Work Expo Health 2018; 61:1145-1153. [PMID: 29136416 PMCID: PMC6824525 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study of flight baggage handlers aimed at examining the extent to which shoulder pain developed during single work shifts, and whether a possible development was associated with biomechanical exposures and psychosocial factors during the same shift. Methods Data were collected during, in total, 82 work shifts in 44 workers. Right and left shoulder pain intensity was rated just before and just after the shift (VAS scale 0–100 mm). Objective data on ‘time in extreme’ and ‘time in neutral’ upper arm postures were obtained for the full shift using accelerometers, and the baggage handlers registered the number of ‘aircrafts handled’ in a diary. During half of the shift, workers were recorded on video for subsequent task analysis of baggage handling. ‘Influence’ at work and ‘support’ from colleagues were measured by use of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Associations between exposures and the increase in pain intensity during the shift (‘daily pain’) were analysed for the right and left shoulder separately using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). Results ‘Daily pain’ was observed in approximately one third of all shifts. It was significantly associated with the number of ‘aircrafts handled’ for both the right and left shoulder. In multivariate models including both biomechanical exposures and the psychosocial factors ‘influence’ at work and ‘support’ from colleagues, ‘aircrafts handled’ was still significantly associated with ‘daily pain’ in both shoulders, and so was ‘influence’ and ‘support’, however in opposite directions. Conclusions ‘Daily pain’ was, in general, associated with biomechanical exposures during the same shift and with general ‘influence’ and ‘support’ in the job. In an effort to reduce pain among flight baggage handlers, it may therefore be justified to consider a reduction of biomechanical exposures during handling of aircrafts, combined with due attention to psychosocial factors at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L Bergsten
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Centre for Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle 801 76, Sweden
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Centre for Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle 801 76, Sweden
| | - Lydia Kwak
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for worker health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Eva Vingård
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Eva Vingård, Uppsala University, Sjukhusvägen 7, Uppsala 753 09, Sweden
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19
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Hallman DM, Mathiassen SE, Jahncke H. Sitting patterns after relocation to activity-based offices: A controlled study of a natural intervention. Prev Med 2018; 111:384-390. [PMID: 29199119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effect of relocating workers from traditional to activity-based offices on objectively measured sitting patterns. Office workers (n=493) from five office-sites within a large Swedish government agency were included in a controlled study of a natural intervention (2015-2017). At four sites, traditional offices were replaced by activity-based offices, while workers at one site with no relocation acted as controls. Sitting, standing and walking were measured objectively for 5-8days in a sub-sample (n=110) using accelerometry (Actigraph). Total sitting time (% of working time) and time spent in short (<5min), moderate (5-30min) and prolonged (>30min) uninterrupted periods in sitting were determined. Intervention effects were determined at 3- and 12-month follow-ups using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline age, gender and office type, and stratified by office-site (referencing controls). The relocation to activity-based offices did not result in an overall effect (across sites) on occupational sitting time (all p>0.05), while walking time had increased significantly by 1.4% of the working time at 12months compared with controls. Heterogeneous results were found across offices after 12months on total sitting time compared with controls (estimated change -18.3% time-1.4% time), prolonged sitting (change -18.3% to -3.8%), walking (change 0.5%-3.5%) and standing (change -1.4%-13.9%). In conclusion, relocation to activity-based offices had a limited overall effect on occupational sitting patterns in the studied organization, but differed considerably between office sites. Site-specific determinants of sitting behavior in activity-based offices need be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Helena Jahncke
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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20
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Hallman DM, Birk Jørgensen M, Holtermann A. On the health paradox of occupational and leisure-time physical activity using objective measurements: Effects on autonomic imbalance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177042. [PMID: 28472190 PMCID: PMC5417644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has considerable benefits for cardiovascular health and longevity, while occupational physical activity (OPA) is associated with an elevated cardiovascular risk. This "health paradox" may be explained by different effects on the autonomic nervous system from OPA and LTPA. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether objectively measured OPA and LTPA are differentially associated with autonomic regulation among workers. METHODS The study comprised 514 blue-collar workers from the Danish cohort DPHACTO. Physical activity (i.e. walking, climbing stairs, running and cycling) was assessed objectively using accelerometers worn on the thigh, hip and trunk over multiple working days. During this period, a heart rate monitor was used to sample heart period intervals from the ECG signal. Heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) indices were analyzed during nocturnal sleep as markers of autonomic regulation. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the main effects of OPA and LTPA and their interaction on heart rate and HRV, adjusting for multiple confounders. RESULTS Statistically significant interaction was found between OPA and LTPA on heart rate (adjusted p<0.0001) and HRV indices in time (rMSSD, adjusted p = 0.004) and frequency-domains (HF, adjusted p = 0.022; LF, adjusted p = 0.033). The beneficial effect of LTPA on nocturnal heart rate and HRV clearly diminished with higher levels of OPA, and high levels of both OPA and LTPA had a detrimental effect. CONCLUSION We found contrasting associations for objectively measured OPA and LTPA with heart rate and HRV during sleep. Differential effects of OPA and LTPA on autonomic regulation may contribute to the physical activity health paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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