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Ali SNM, Cioca LI, Kayati RS, Saputra J, Adam M, Plesa R, Ibrahim RZAR. A Study of Psychometric Instruments and Constructs of Work-Related Stress among Seafarers: A Qualitative Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2866. [PMID: 36833563 PMCID: PMC9956373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to unpredictable and demanding working circumstances and the significant potential for dangers and accidents, seafaring has been characterised as one of the world's riskiest and stressful vocations that lead to physical and mental health problems. However, very few instruments measure work-related stress, particularly in a seafaring context. None of the instruments are psychometrically sound. Therefore, a valid and reliable instrument to measure seafaring work-related stress is indispensable. This study aims to review work-related stress instruments and to explore the work-related stress construct among seafarers in Malaysia. This study uses a systematic review and semi-structured interviews across two phases. In Phase 1, we conducted a systematic review of several databases: Academic Search Ultimate, Emerald Journal Premier, Journal Storage (JSTOR), ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Taylor and Francis Online, and Wiley Online Library based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). In 8975 articles, only 4 (four) studies used psychological instruments and 5 (five) studies used survey questionnaires to measure work-related stress. In Phase 2, we conducted a semi-structured interview with 25 (twenty-five) seafarers, online due to COVID-19 restrictions. The semi-structured interview indicated 6 (six) themes, namely, physical stress, personal issues, social living onboard, technostress, work factors, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, the present study has identified three psychometric instruments for measuring work-related stress among seafarers: The Psychological General Well-Being Index, Perceived Stress Scale, and Job Content Questionnaire. We also found psychometric elements in some of the instruments are questionable, such as theoretical basis, construct development, and inadequate internal consistency value. In addition, this study also found that work-related stress is a multidimensional construct that needs to be studied based on work contexts. The findings of this study can contribute to the body of knowledge of a work-related stress construct in a seafaring context and could help to inform policy makers in the maritime industry. This study suggests a psychological instrument to measure work-related stress among seafarers in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nazilah Mat Ali
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Lucian-Ionel Cioca
- Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550025 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ruhiyah Sakinah Kayati
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jumadil Saputra
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Adam
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Roxana Plesa
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania
| | - Raja Zirwatul Aida Raja Ibrahim
- Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Quan L, Wu L, Zhang Y, Chen T, Lan Y. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22). Work 2022; 75:157-168. [PMID: 36565080 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22) has been translated into numerous languages and applied in various countries, its cultural applicability in China remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To adjust the JCQ-22 for cross-cultural use and optimize the scoring method for suitability for Chinese working populations. METHODS We first used the original JCQ-22 questionnaire to measure occupational stress. Cross-cultural adjustment involved reorganization of scale items (adjusted-I scale) and deletion of inefficient redundant items during reorganization of scale items (adjusted-II scale). Structural validity and the relationship between stress and health outcomes (insomnia and self-conscious symptoms) before and after adjustment were compared. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the two-factor cumulative variance contribution rate of job demand and control of the adjusted-II scale was 52.47% , compared with 48.44% and 48.44% in the original version and adjusted-I scale, respectively. Among the 16 fitness indicators in confirmatory factor analysis, 9 items of the adjusted-II scale met the standard, compared with 4 items of the original and adjusted-I scales. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between occupational stress and insomnia as well as self-conscious symptoms from the adjusted-II scale were 0.15 and 0.32, respectively, which were higher than those of the original scale (0.10 and 0.20). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the adjusted-II scale exhibited a better area under the curve and Youden index values than the original scale. CONCLUSION The adjusted-II scale exhibited superior structural validity with more reasonable health outcome predictions and fewer items, making it more suitable for measuring occupational stress in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Quan
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Wu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Sichuan International Travel Health Care Center (Chengdu Customs Port Outpatient Department), Chengdu, China
| | - Yajia Lan
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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OUP accepted manuscript. Ann Work Expo Health 2022; 66:838-862. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Allain M, Douillet D, Longo C, Jenvrin J, Batard E. Prevalence of job strain among emergency physicians. Eur J Emerg Med 2021; 28:479-480. [PMID: 33867477 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Delphine Douillet
- Emergency Department, CHU Angers
- Collège de Médecine d'Urgence des Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Longo
- Emergency Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes
- Collège de Médecine d'Urgence des Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Joël Jenvrin
- Emergency Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes
- Collège de Médecine d'Urgence des Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
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Job Demand-Control-Support Latent Profiles and Their Relationships with Interpersonal Stressors, Job Burnout, and Intrinsic Work Motivation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249430. [PMID: 33339208 PMCID: PMC7765581 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) model, the combination of job demands, job control, and social support was hypothesized to lead to eight different constellations of job types. According to the model, these constellations are linked to wellbeing/health and learning outcomes. In the last three decades, these constellations of job types have been investigated by adopting a variable-centered perspective. However, latent profile analyses (LPA) enable a person-centered approach and empirically capture constellations of job types. In the present study, we used LPA to empirically identify distinct profiles of JDCS among Italian healthcare workers. Furthermore, we investigated the role of social stressors (workplace relationships and coworkers’ incivility) as antecedents of these profiles and the association of these profiles with job burnout and work motivation. Results from LPA (n = 1671) revealed four profiles: Isolated Prisoner, Participatory Leader, Moderate Strain, and Low Strain. Negative relationships at work and coworkers’ incivility increased the chances of being included in both Isolated prisoner and Participatory Leader profiles. Finally, the Isolated Prisoner and Moderate Strain profiles showed the highest levels of emotional exhaustion and cynicism and the lower levels of intrinsic work motivation. This study extends previous JDCS research, highlighting that researchers should consider empirically identified profiles rather than theoretically defined subgroups. Implications for stress theory, future research, and practice are discussed.
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So BCL, Szeto GPY, Lau RWL, Dai J, Tsang SMH. Effects of Ergomotor Intervention on Improving Occupational Health in Workers with Work-Related Neck-Shoulder Pain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245005. [PMID: 31835387 PMCID: PMC6950071 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Work-related neck and shoulder pain (WRNSP) are common problems, and past occupational research has focused on ergonomic interventions such as adjusting workstations while physiotherapists have traditionally focused on teaching exercises to improve posture and movement control in the clinical setting. The current study aimed to integrate these two approaches and evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of such interventions on occupational exposure outcomes. (2) Methods: A total of 101 patients diagnosed with WRNSP were randomized into 2 groups: Control (CO) group (n = 50) and ergomotor (EM) group (n = 51). Participants in the control group had 12 weeks of usual care (conventional physiotherapy) while participants in the EM group received an integrated program with tailor-made motor control training and ergonomic advice for 12 weeks. (3) Results: Both groups achieved significant improvement in pain and functional outcomes at post-intervention. The EM group also reported significantly improved scores in terms of perceived exertion in the job-related physical demands (JRPD) and the short form workstyle questionnaires compared to the control group. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that ergomotor intervention may be more effective in producing favorable occupational health outcomes compared to conventional physiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy C. L. So
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China; (J.D.); (S.M.H.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2766-4377
| | - Grace P. Y. Szeto
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China; (G.P.Y.S.); (R.W.L.L.)
| | - Rufina W. L. Lau
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China; (G.P.Y.S.); (R.W.L.L.)
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China; (J.D.); (S.M.H.T.)
| | - Sharon M. H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China; (J.D.); (S.M.H.T.)
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Berlanda S, Fraizzoli M, de Cordova F, Pedrazza M. Psychosocial Risks and Violence Against Teachers. Is It Possible to Promote Well-Being at Work? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224439. [PMID: 31726772 PMCID: PMC6887968 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Teaching has been reported to be one of the most stressful occupations, with heavy psychological demands, including the need to develop positive relationships with students and their parents; relationships that, in turn, play a significant role in teachers’ well-being. It follows that the impact of any violence perpetrated by a student or parent against a teacher is particularly significant and represents a major occupational health concern. The present study examines for the first time the influence of the Job Demands-Control-Support Model on violence directed against teachers. Six hundred and eighty-six teachers working in elementary and high schools in north-east Italy completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Our findings reveal the role played by working conditions in determining teachers’ experience of violence: greater job demands are associated with most offense types, whereas the availability of diffused social support at school is associated with lower rates of harassment. Workload should be equally distributed and kept under control, and violence should gain its place in the shared daily monitoring of practices and experiences at school in order to provide a socially supportive work environment for all teachers.
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Teixeira JRB, Mussi FC, Mota TN, Lua I, Macedo TTS, Souza ARD, de Araújo TM. Psychosocial risk factors at work associated with the level of physical activity among motorcycle taxi drivers. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2019; 75:307-316. [PMID: 31526117 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2019.1666790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association of psychosocial risk factors at work, sociodemographic, and occupational characteristics with the level of physical activity among motorcycle taxi drivers.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 750 male motorcycle taxi drivers from the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. A form containing sociodemographic and occupational characteristics was utilized. The psychosocial risk factors at work were evaluated by the Job Content Questionnaire and the level of physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The adjusted associations were analyzed by means of the Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: the prevalence of an insufficiently active level of physical activity was of 59.6%. The crude prevalence ratios (PR) showed an association between physical inactivity in motorcycle taxi drivers and high strain job (PR: 1.31), with 5 or more years of experience (PR: 1.67), in night shifts (PR: 1.36) and 40 or more years old (PR: 1.77). In the multivariate model, adjusted by income, work in high strain is kept associated to a situation of being insufficiently active (PR: 1.13), duration of employment of five or more years raised by 51.0% the frequency of insufficiently active physical activity (PR: 1.51) and the work in predominantly nocturnal shifts increased it by 26.0% (PR: 1.26). It is made evident that age was an effect modifier (p < 0.001) and its interaction was evaluated by including the corresponding product term (job Demand-Control model), which shows that the association between highly straining work and being insufficiently active was observed only among the youngest (21-39 years old) (PR: 1,21).Conclusions: the age and exposure to unfavorable working conditions, like long duration of employment, night work and work under high psychological demand and low control, have an influence on the insufficient physical activity among motorcycle taxi drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Ramon Brito Teixeira
- Epidemiology Center (NEPI), Post-Graduate Program in Collective Health, Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carneiro Mussi
- Interdisciplinary Group on Cardiovascular Health (Gisc), Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Tilson Nunes Mota
- Study Group for Child and Adolescent Health (CRESCER), Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Iracema Lua
- Epidemiology Center (NEPI), Post-Graduate Program in Collective Health, Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Tássia Teles Santana Macedo
- Interdisciplinary Group on Cardiovascular Health (Gisc), Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Tânia Maria de Araújo
- Epidemiology Center (NEPI), Post-Graduate Program in Collective Health, Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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D'Ettorre G, Pellicani V, Vullo A. Gender assessment of job stress in healthcare workers. Implications for practice. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2019; 110:22-28. [PMID: 30794245 PMCID: PMC7810005 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i1.7421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Work-related stress (WRS) in the healthcare sector is a major issue for both workers and organizations. To date, no consensus exists regarding differences in gender susceptibility to WRS in healthcare workers (HCWs). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze how male and female HCWs employed in emergency departments experienced WRS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted regarding the perception of WRS in registered nurses employed in emergency departments. The Italian version of the Job Content Questionnaire and the Rapid Stress Assessment scale were administrated to 710 registered nurses. Results: The WRS assessment showed that significantly more females than males were in a situation of isostrain (18.5% vs 9.8% p<0,05). In females, low social support was associated with high levels of job strain (18,5% vs 4,4% p<0,05). Conclusion: This study reflects the need for a gender-specific approach in the evaluation of WRS in the healthcare sector, and is consistent with literature that evidenced gender differences in the perception of WRS. Lack of social support proved to be a determinant of WRS in female HCWs. Organizational interventions aimed at providing a more suitable workgroup design are required in order to minimize WRS in female HCWs.
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Useche S, Montoro L, Cendales B, Gómez V. Job strain in public transport drivers: Data to assess the relationship between demand-control model indicators, traffic accidents and sanctions. Data Brief 2018; 19:293-298. [PMID: 29892649 PMCID: PMC5993012 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This Data in Brief (DiB) article examines the association between the Job Demand-Control (JDC) model of stress and traffic safety outcomes (accidents and sanctions) in public transport drivers (n = 780). The data was collected using a structured self-administrable questionnaire composed of measurements of work stress (Job Content Questionnaire), and demographics (professional driving experience, hours and days working/driving per week). The data contains 4 parts: descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations between the study variables, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post-Hoc comparisons between drivers classified different quadrants of the JDC model. For further information, it is convenient to read the full article entitled "Working conditions, job strain and traffic safety among three groups of public transport drivers", published in Safety and Health at Work (SHAW) [1] (Useche et al., 2018).
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Lua I, de Araújo TM, Santos KOB, de Almeida MMG. Factors associated with common mental disorders among female nursing professionals in primary health care. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2018; 31:20. [PMID: 32026111 PMCID: PMC6967319 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-018-0101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with common mental disorders (CMD) in primary care female nursing professionals. METHODS We performed exploratory cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire, applied to 451 primary care female nursing professionals from five municipalities of Bahia, Brazil, in a randomly selected sample. The outcome variable (CMD) was evaluated by SRQ-20. To analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of CMD, logistic regression analysis was used in blocks. RESULTS The prevalence of CMD was 16.2% and the exposure factors were professional category (PR 0.56, CI 0.34-0.90, p = .01), having a workload of more than 60 h per week (PR 2.53, CI 1.55-4.11, p < .01), personal insecurity at work (PR 1.92, CI 1.28-2.88, p = .00), high domestic overload (PR 1.94, CI 1.25-2.98, p < .01), effort-reward imbalance at work (PR 1.78, CI 0.98-3.23, p = .05), dissatisfaction with oneself (PR 2.30, CI 1.52-3.46, p < .01), poor quality of life (PR 1.69, CI 1.07-2.65, p = .02), and negative health status self-assessment (PR 1.77, CI 1.12-2.77, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS The results reinforce the evidences of the relation between the health-disease process and work, be it professional or domestic. They also highlight the importance of changes in the organization of the nursing activities in the context of primary care, aiming to minimize stress and occupational dissatisfaction and promote the health of this category. It is noteworthy that domestic work should be considered and incorporated into investigations regarding the mental health of female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iracema Lua
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina, s/n, Bairro Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA 44036-900 Brazil
| | - Tânia Maria de Araújo
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina, s/n, Bairro Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA 44036-900 Brazil
| | | | - Maura Maria Guimarães de Almeida
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina, s/n, Bairro Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA 44036-900 Brazil
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