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Zhang Y, Yang W, Xu W, Pan KY. Association between psychosocial working conditions and well-being before retirement: a community-based study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:574-588. [PMID: 37899630 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2274316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial working conditions have been linked to mental health outcomes, but their association with well-being is poorly studied. We aimed to investigate the association between psychosocial working conditions and well-being before retirement, and to explore the role of gender and leisure activities in the association. From the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, 598 community dwellers aged 60-65 years were included in the cross-sectional study. Lifelong occupational history was obtained through an interview. Job demands and job control in the longest-held occupation were graded with job exposure matrices. Psychosocial working conditions were classified into high strain (high demands, low control), low strain (low demands, high control), passive job (low demands, low control), and active job (high demands, high control). Well-being was assessed with the 10-item version of positive and negative affect schedule, and scored using confirmatory factor analysis. Engagement in leisure activities was categorized as low, moderate, and high. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Both high job control and high job demands were dose-dependently associated with higher well-being. Overall, compared to active jobs, passive jobs were associated with lower well-being (β -0.19, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.02, P = 0.028). Passive (β -0.28, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.04, P = 0.020) and high strain (β -0.31, 95% CI -0.52 to -0.10, P = 0.004) jobs were associated with lower well-being in men, but not in women. The association between passive jobs and well-being was attenuated by high leisure activities, while the association between high strain and well-being was magnified by low leisure activities. In conclusion, negative psychosocial working conditions are associated with poor well-being, especially in men. Leisure activities may modulate the association. Our study highlights that promoting favorable working conditions can be a target to improve well-being among employees and active participation in leisure activities is encouraged to cope with work-related stress for better well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- King's Business School, King's College London, London, UK
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenzhe Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weili Xu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Asiamah-Asare BKY, Robinson S, Powell D, Kwasnicka D. Impact of fly-in fly-out work on health behaviours and affective states: A daily diary study. Stress Health 2023. [PMID: 38141023 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge about the role of fly-in fly-out (FIFO) work-related factors on the well-being of workers across the FIFO work cycle is limited. This study examined the within-person effects of job demand and control on psychological states and health behaviours. The study employed a daily diary design, with 23 FIFO workers in the Australian mining industry completing a daily diary survey for 28 consecutive days across on-shift and off-shift periods. Multilevel analyses showed FIFO workers experienced higher positive affect and enjoyed better sleep quality, but consumed more alcohol, during off-shift days as compared to on-shift days. Within-person variability in daily demand (workload) was associated with higher anxious affect, whereas job control predicted lower anxious and depressed affects, higher positive affect, more alcohol consumption, and more physical activity. The within-person effect of demand on anxious affect was moderated by job control such that those who generally had more control over their jobs had a smaller effect of demand on anxiety than those with less control. Results suggest potentially modifiable aspects of FIFO work-particularly job control-may help alleviate the impact of workload on poorer health behaviours and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
- NHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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3
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Pan KY, Almroth M, Nevriana A, Hemmingsson T, Kjellberg K, Falkstedt D. Trajectories of psychosocial working conditions and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Swedish register-based cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2023; 49:496-505. [PMID: 37522817 PMCID: PMC10830330 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While psychosocial working conditions have been associated with morbidity, their associations with mortality, especially cause-specific mortality, have been less studied. Additionally, few studies considered the time-varying aspect of exposures. We aimed to examine trajectories of job demand-control status in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), suicide, and alcohol-related mortality. METHODS The study population consisted of around 4.5 million individuals aged 16-60 years in Sweden in 2005. Job control and demands were respectively measured using job exposure matrices (JEM). Trajectories of job control and demands throughout 2005-2009 were identified using group-based trajectory modelling, and job demand-control categories were subsequently classified. Deaths in 2010-2019 were recorded in the national cause of death register. Cox regression models were used. RESULTS A total of 116 242 individuals died in 2010-2019. For both job control and demands, we identified four trajectories, which were parallel to each other and represented four levels of exposures. Low control and passive jobs were associated with higher all-cause, CVD, and suicide mortality among both men and women. High strain jobs were associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality among men, while low control, passive jobs, and high strain jobs were associated with higher alcohol-related mortality among women. CONCLUSIONS The trajectories identified may suggest stable levels of job control and demands over time. Poor psychosocial working conditions are related to all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and these patterns vary to some extent between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Pan
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Harkko J, Ranta H, Lallukka T, Nordquist H, Mänty M, Kouvonen A. Working conditions and mental health functioning among young public sector employees. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51:98-105. [PMID: 34609255 PMCID: PMC9900189 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211045458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: The associations between adverse working conditions and mental disorders are well established. However, associations between adverse working conditions and poor mental health functioning is a less explored area. This study examines these associations among younger public sector employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. Methods: We use data from the Young Helsinki Health Study with a representative sample of the employees of the City of Helsinki, aged 19-39 years (n=4 217). Mental health functioning was measured with mental composite summary of the Short Form 36. Working conditions included factors related to both the psychosocial (job control and job demands) and the physical work environment (physical workload). To examine the associations, we used logistic regression models with adjustments for socio-demographics, other working conditions and health-related covariates. Results: After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, poor health, health behaviours and other occupational exposures, high job demands (OR=1.69; 95% CI=1.45-1.97) and low job control (OR=1.65; 95% CI=1.40-1.94) were associated with poor mental health functioning. High physical workload was not associated with the outcome (OR=0.87; 95% CI=0.72-1.05) after the adjustments. Conclusions: Adverse psychosocial working conditions were associated with mental health functioning, whereas physical working conditions were not. As impaired functioning is likely to cause health-related lost productivity and can lead to work disability, further research and interventions with a balanced approach focusing on both psychosocial working conditions and mental health functioning are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Harkko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hertta Ranta
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilla Nordquist
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.,South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Finland
| | - Minna Mänty
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Unit of strategy and research, City of Vantaa, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Anne Kouvonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, UK
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Kovacs P, Vîrgă D. Office job sitting demand scale: Evidence of construct and predictive validity. Scand J Psychol 2023; 64:80-88. [PMID: 35997242 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on sedentary behavior and Job Demands-Resources theory, we developed a new scale for assessing office job sitting demand, conceptualized as job demand, and validated it using two independent samples. In Study 1 (N = 252), we developed the items and tested the Office Job Sitting Demand scales' factor structure through exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2 (N = 248), we tested the scales' factorial validity through confirmatory factor analysis. Indicators of measurement invariance showed no differences between participants who engage in leisure-time sport and participants who do not. Moreover, we tested convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity. We found significant positive associations with exhaustion, work pressure, and musculoskeletal complaints. The construct was unrelated to proactive vitality management and relaxation. Our results illustrate the relation between this new job demand in the workplace with employee well-being. Based on our findings, this newly developed instrument is valid and reliable and can be used to assess office job sitting demand to prevent burnout and health complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kovacs
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Vîrgă
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
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Demirović Bajrami D, Petrović MD, Sekulić D, Radovanović MM, Blešić I, Vuksanović N, Cimbaljević M, Tretiakova TN. Significance of the Work Environment and Personal Resources for Employees' Well-Being at Work in the Hospitality Sector. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16165. [PMID: 36498236 PMCID: PMC9740699 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether different elements of the work environment (manifested by job demands, job control, and social support) and personal resources were linked to employees' well-being at work. Based on data gathered from 574 employees in the hospitality industry in Serbia, it was also tested if personal resources, expressed through self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience, could moderate the relationship between work environment and employees' well-being at work. Correlation analyses showed that high job demands had negative effects on employees' well-being, causing negative emotional reactions to their job, while job control and social support developed positive relationships with positive employees' well-being. The moderating effect analysis found that personal resources can fully moderate the relationship between job demands and well-being at work, and job control and well-being at work. On the other side, personal resources were not a significant moderator in the relationship between social support and well-being at work, indicating that even when employees have adequate personal resources, they are not enough to decrease the negative effects of lack of social support on employees' well-being at work. This shows how important the support of supervisors and colleagues is for employees in hospitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Demirović Bajrami
- Geographical Institute « Jovan Cvijić« Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Marko D. Petrović
- Geographical Institute « Jovan Cvijić« Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Dejan Sekulić
- Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism, University of Kragujevac, 36210 Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia
| | - Milan M. Radovanović
- Geographical Institute « Jovan Cvijić« Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Ivana Blešić
- Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikola Vuksanović
- Faculty of Management, University Union “Nikola Tesla”, 21205 Sremski Karlovci, Serbia
| | - Marija Cimbaljević
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatiana N. Tretiakova
- Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Åberg M, Staats E, Robertson J, Schiöler L, Torén K, LaMontagne AD, Söderberg M, Waern M, Nyberg J. Psychosocial job stressors and risk of suicidal behavior - an observational study among Swedish men. Scand J Work Environ Health 2022; 48:435-445. [PMID: 36044924 PMCID: PMC9888439 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between psychosocial job stressors and suicidal behavior (fatal and non-fatal) among Swedish men while controlling for potential confounders. METHODS Population-based Swedish longitudinal cohort study of male conscripts without previous self-harm (N=1 483 310) enlisting 1968-2002. Conscription examinations included measures of IQ, stress resilience and psychiatric diagnoses. Job demand-control (JDC) exposure was assessed using the Swedish Job Exposure Matrix linked to specific occupations. Suicidal behavior among men aged 30-64 was identified in the National Hospital Register (non-fatal self-harm) and Swedish Cause of Death Register (suicide) during follow-up 2002-2014. Cox regression models were used to estimate associations between JDC category and suicidal behavior. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, passive jobs (low demand-low control) showed the highest risk of suicidal behavior [hazard ratio (HR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.43] compared to those with low strain (low demand-high control), followed by high strain (high demand-low control) (HR 1.12, 95% Cl 1.03-1.22). A lower risk of suicidal behavior was found in the active category, where levels of both demand and control are high (HR 0.64, 95% Cl 0.60-0.70). Separate analyses for suicide as outcome revealed a lower risk of suicide in persons with active jobs (high demands-high control). The passive category showed a higher risk for suicide, but the association did not remain after adjustment for stress resilience and IQ. CONCLUSIONS These results show that psychosocial job stressors among men are associated with risk for suicidal behavior. Improving job control has the potential to decrease suicidal behavior for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Åberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Region Västra Götaland, Regionhälsan, Gothenburg, Sweden,
Correspondence to: Dr Maria Åberg, School of Public Health and Community Medicine / Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. [E-mail: ]
| | - Elisabeth Staats
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Josefina Robertson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linus Schiöler
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kjell Torén
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Institute for Health Transformation & School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mia Söderberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margda Waern
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyberg
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Section for Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Rai A, Keil M, Choi H, Mindel V. Understanding how physician perceptions of job demand and process benefits evolve during CPOE implementation. Health Syst (Basingstoke) 2022; 12:98-122. [PMID: 36926371 PMCID: PMC10013386 DOI: 10.1080/20476965.2022.2113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine how physicians' perceptions of two computerized provider order entry (CPOE) capabilities, standardisation of care protocols and documentation quality, are associated with their perceptions of turnaround time, medical error, and job demand at three phases of CPOE implementation: pre-go-live, initial use, and continued use. Through a longitudinal study at a large urban hospital, we find standardisation of care protocols is positively associated with turnaround time reduction in all phases but positively associated with job demand increase only in the initial use phase. Standardisation also has a positive association with medical error reduction in the initial use phase, but later this effect becomes fully mediated through turnaround time reduction in the continued use phase. Documentation quality has a positive association with medical error reduction in the initial use phase and this association strengthens in the continued use phase. Our findings provide insights to effectively manage physicians' response to CPOE implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Rai
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Mark Keil
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Hyoungyong Choi
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Over the span of nearly 10 years, the social work labor force grew from 0.2 million to approximately 1.2 million in China. Despite these increases, studies have shown social workers in China are also experiencing equally high burnout rates. For this analysis, we collected data from 537 social workers based in Guangzhou, China. We used the job demands and resources (JD-R) theory, to examine the relations between JD-R and burnout and whether mindfulness practice (MP) could reduce any such burnout. Our results suggest JD-R affects social workers' burnout through both health and motivation impairment. High job demands (JD) were linked to high burnout while high job resources (JR) were linked to a reduction in burnout. Formal (Beta = -0.08) and informal (Beta = -0.19) MP were associated with low burnout amongst social workers. The significant interaction between JD and MP also suggests that MP can reduce burnout for social workers with high JD. The findings call for using MP to be used to shield social workers from the effects of increasing JD and to prevent an increase of burnout amongst Chinese social workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chienchung Huang
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sophie Sitar
- Rutgers Law School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Meifen Yang
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
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Colin-Chevalier R, Pereira B, Benson AC, Dewavrin S, Cornet T, Dutheil F. The Protective Role of Job Control/Autonomy on Mental Strain of Managers: A Cross-Sectional Study among Wittyfit's Users. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19042153. [PMID: 35206335 PMCID: PMC8872257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Karasek's Job Demand-Control-Support model is the gold standard to assess the perception of work; however, this model has been poorly studied among managers. We aimed to explore the perception of work (job demand, control, and support) in managers, and to quantify their risk of job strain (high job demand and low job control) and isostrain (job strain with low job support). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on workers from various French companies using the Wittyfit software. Job demand, control, and support were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires, as well as sociodemographic data. RESULTS We included 9257 workers: 8488 employees (median age of 45 years, median seniority of 10 years, 39.4% women) and 769 managers (463 were more than 45 years old, 343 with more than 10 years of service, 33.3% women). Managers had higher mean ± SD levels than employees in job control (79.2 ± 14.9 vs. 75.4 ± 16.9) and job support (25.2 ± 5.1 vs. 24.0 ± 6.1) (p < 0.001). Compared to employees, managers had a 37% decreased risk of job strain (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.77) and a 47% decreased risk of isostrain (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.69) (p < 0.001). Workers over age 45 (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.40, p < 0.001) and women (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1. 25, p = 0.03) were at greater risk of job strain. Furthermore, workers over age 45 (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.73, p < 0.001), workers with over 10 years of service (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.56, p < 0.001), and women (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.31, p = 0.04) were at greater risk of isostrain. CONCLUSIONS Managers seem to have higher autonomy and greater social support and therefore are less at risk of job strain or isostrain than employees. Other factors such as age, seniority, and sex may influence this relationship. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02596737.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Colin-Chevalier
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Wittyfit, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Amanda Clare Benson
- Department of Health and Biostatistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia;
| | | | | | - Frédéric Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Wittyfit, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
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Zhou J, Zhang KF. How increased job demand affects nurses' task mastery and deviance in the pandemic era. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:2349-2356. [PMID: 34978106 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Although normative and ethical procedures are extremely critical for health care providers, during this unique time, when the pandemic suddenly increased job requirements and workloads, maintaining a morally appropriate working style became an increasingly difficult challenge for nurses. Few previous studies have examined whether these highly increased job demands influence nurses' resource condition, in turn affecting their deviance and task mastery. DESIGNS In the current study, we proposed a theoretical model examining whether nurses' job demands (the predictor) will affect task mastery and deviance (the outcomes) by increasing resource depletion. METHODS A multiwave field study of 172 nurses from two comprehensive hospitals was conducted to test the proposed theoretical model from April to August 2020. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analyses, correlation coefficients and linear regressions were used to test the hypotheses. RESULTS The results suggested that even though job demands may temporarily increase nurses' task mastery and decrease their organizational deviance, they ultimately have a negative influence since resource depletion acts as a side effect that suppresses the two direct effects. CONCLUSION The theoretical contributions and practical implications of our findings were discussed. Specifically, we suggested that healthcare institutions should provide abundant support for nurses to supplement their resource reserves to avoid the risk of potential medical malpractice. IMPACT Practically, this study tried to emphasize the important role of nurses' resource condition. Especially we aimed to remind managers and leaders cannot just improve nurses' job demand to deal with the public health crises. They also need to focus on their resource condition during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhou
- School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Fu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Rakhy KS, Ambily AS. Burnout Risks among Salespersons Under Job Demand and the Mediating Role of Abusive Supervision. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2022; 26:26-28. [PMID: 35571544 PMCID: PMC9106124 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_249_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Salespersons in privately held retail textile shops face physical, emotional, and mental stresses, and most supervisors are untrained and abusive. These stresses may cause salesperson burnout. Aims To determine the effect of abusive supervision on the connection between job demands and job burnout. Setting and Design A cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods The job demand is measured using the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire. To assess abusive supervision, we used an eight-item scale from Tepper, and the burnout measures questionnaire was used to measure job burnout. Statistical Analysis Used Direct, indirect, and total effects of variables were analyzed using SPSS Process Macro. Results Indirect effect showed that the association between job demand and job burnout was mediated by abusive supervision: β = 6.3151, P < 0.001, bootstrap 95% confidence interval (CI) (5.6515, 7.0307). Direct effect between job demand and job burnout β = 1.5382, P < 0.001, bootstrap 95% CI (7.2254, 8.4812). Conclusions High job demand and job burnout are prevalent among salespersons, and abusive supervision ignites the burnout syndrome of salespersons.
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Affiliation(s)
- KS Rakhy
- Department of Commerce and Management, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - AS Ambily
- Department of Commerce and Management, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Kochi, India
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He Y, Yatsuya H, Chiang C, Ota A, Okubo R, Ishimaru T, Tabuchi T. The Association of Work-related Stress According to the Demand-Control Model With Aggravation of Pre-existing Disease During the First State of COVID-19 Emergency in Japan. J Epidemiol 2021; 31:642-647. [PMID: 34544998 PMCID: PMC8593583 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The job environment has changed a lot during the period of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the association between work-related stress and aggravation of pre-existing disease in workers during the first state of COVID-19 emergency in Japan. METHODS Data were obtained from a large internet survey conducted between August 25 and September 30, 2020 in Japan. Participants who reported that they had a job as well as current history of disease(s) (ie, pre-existing conditions) were included (n = 3,090). Aggravation of pre-existing disease during the state of emergency was self-reported. Work-related stress from April 2020 (since the state of COVID-19 emergency) was assessed according to a job demand-control model. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the association. RESULTS Aggravation of pre-existing diseases was reported by 334 participants (11%). The numbers of participants with high demand and low control were 112 (18%) and 100 (14%), respectively. Compared to medium demand, high demand was significantly associated with aggravation of pre-existing diseases (odds ratio 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-2.42). Low control compared to medium control was also significantly associated with aggravation of pre-existing diseases (odds ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.92). CONCLUSION Work-related stress during the first state of COVID-19 emergency was associated with aggravation of pre-existing disease during that period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng He
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University
| | - Chifa Chiang
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsuhiko Ota
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University
| | - Ryo Okubo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Tomohiro Ishimaru
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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Ikeda S, Eguchi H, Hiro H, Mafune K, Koga K, Nishimura K, Nakashima M. Work-Family Spillover, Job Demand, Job Control, and Workplace Social Support Affect the Mental Health of Home-Visit Nursing Staff. J UOEH 2021; 43:51-60. [PMID: 33678786 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.43.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to clarify the path by which high job demands on home-visit nursing staff affect their mental health through work-family negative spillover (WFNS, FWNS). The secondary purpose was to clarify the path by which high job control and high social support in the workplace positively affect the mental health of nursing home-visit staff through work-family positive spillover (WFPS, FWPS). A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on 1,022 visiting nursing staff working at 108 visiting nursing stations in Fukuoka Prefecture in February, 2019. The measurement tools comprised sociodemographic factors, the Japanese version of the Survey Work-Home Interaction - NijmeGen (SWING-J), Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22), the Work-Family Culture Scale, and the K6 scale. Six models were determined in an analysis of the model: (1) working time load → WFNS → FWNS → psychological distress, (2) job demands → WFNS → FWNS → psychological distress, (3) job demands → psychological distress, (4) workplace support → job control → WFPS → psychological distress, (5) workplace support → WFPS → psychological distress, and (6) workplace support → psychological distress. This study clarified that job demands and working time load may adversely affect the mental health of home-visit nursing staff through the mediation of WFNS. It was also clarified that high job control and workplace support may have a positive effect on mental health through the mediation of WFPS.
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Cole A, Ali H, Ahmed A, Hamasha M, Jordan S. Identifying Patterns of Turnover Intention Among Alabama Frontline Nurses in Hospital Settings During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:1783-1794. [PMID: 34267525 PMCID: PMC8277416 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s308397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current research about frontline nurse stress and turnover intention lacks context related to rural communities’ plight in providing organizational resources during the current COVID-19 pandemic. These implications have been particularly underexamined in the United States, whose regional differences may influence how frontline nurses perceive the access and utility of organizational resources. This study investigates if anxiety and stress while working during the current COVID-19 pandemic contribute to frontline nurses’ desire to leave their current position in Alabama hospital settings. Material and Methods A cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed as a Qualtrics survey to frontline nurses using social media and professional contacts. A total of 111 frontline nurse respondents within May 19–June 12, 2020 were included in this study. Results A significant correlation was found between gender (p= 0.002), marital status (p= 0.000) and seniority (p= 0.049) on turnover intention. A nurse’s perceived anxiety and stress related to their patients’ acuity (r= 0.257, p= 0.004), their personal health as a risk factor (r= 0.507, p= 0.000), their patient assignments (r= 0.239, p= 0.01), their personal protective equipment (r= 0.412, p= 0.000), and their psychological support (r= 0.316, p= 0.001) correspond to higher turnover intention among nurses working with patients infected with COVID-19. Conclusion Perceived resource loss in task autonomy, PPE, and psychosocial support increased turnover intention among frontline nurses in Alabama. Research is needed to understand how intrinsic motivations and social support influence individual nurse staff’s perceptions of resource loss and job demands. Further, more research is necessary to examine the implications of rurality and place in discussing turnover intention and organizational resources across multiple health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astin Cole
- Public Administration, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Haneen Ali
- Health Services Administration Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Abdulaziz Ahmed
- Health Services Administration Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mohammad Hamasha
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Soren Jordan
- Department of Political Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Bouillon-Minois JB, Trousselard M, Pereira B, Schmidt J, Clinchamps M, Thivel D, Ugbolue UC, Moustafa F, Occelli C, Vallet G, Dutheil F. Protocol of the Study on Emergency Health Care Workers' Responses Evaluated by Karasek Questionnaire: The SEEK-Study Protocol. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:4068. [PMID: 33921527 PMCID: PMC8069162 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a significant public health concern that can be self-evaluated using the job control demands model from Karasek. Emergency health care workers are particularly exposed to stress because of the intrinsic characteristics associated with the job (i.e., life-threatening emergencies, overcrowding, lack of bed spaces). However, these attributes have never been studied using the Karasek model. METHODS An observational, prospective, multicentric study in French Emergency Departments will be conducted using a cohort of emergency health care workers. Four questionnaires before a control day and after a nightshift will be assessed every 5 years in the same emergency departments. Also, the Karasek questionnaire, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, the Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale, and a food intake questionnaire will be evaluated. Salivary biomarkers (cortisol, immunoglobulin A, lysozyme) will be collected from every emergency health care worker who consents to participating in the study. CONCLUSION This study will provide a point of care for the emergency health care workers' stress situation every 5 years. Ethics: This protocol was registered in Clinical Trials under the identification NCT02401607 after the French Ethics Committee's approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Emergency Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (J.S.); (F.M.)
- LaPSCo, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Marion Trousselard
- French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France;
- APEMAC/EPSAM, EA 4360, Ile du Saulcy, BP 30309, 57006 Metz, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Jeannot Schmidt
- Emergency Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (J.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Maelys Clinchamps
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow G720LH, UK;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
| | - Farès Moustafa
- Emergency Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (J.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Céline Occelli
- Emergency Department, CHU Nice, 06000 Nice, France;
- Emergency Department, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Vallet
- LaPSCo, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- LaPSCo, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.V.); (F.D.)
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
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Kim N, Kang YJ, Choi J, Sohn YW. The Crossover Effects of Supervisors' Workaholism on Subordinates' Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Two Types of Job Demands and Emotional Exhaustion. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7742. [PMID: 33113900 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although much research has been conducted on workaholism, its crossover effects remain uninvestigated, especially in the context of organizations. Based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model of burnout and the conservation of resources (COR) theory, we established a dual-path structural model to examine the effects of supervisors’ workaholism on subordinates’ turnover intention through two types of job demands (perceived workload and interpersonal conflict) as well as subordinates’ emotional exhaustion. The results revealed that supervisors’ workaholism is positively related to subordinates’ emotional exhaustion through increased perceived workload and interpersonal conflict, which result in subordinates’ turnover intention. This study has made a contribution to the literature by extending the scope of workaholism research from self-perspective to other-perspective. The findings also have practical implications for organizations and their human resources (HR) practitioners.
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Sigursteinsdottir H, Rafnsdottir GL, Jonsdottir GA. Bullying and Harassment in Downsized Workplaces: What Can We Learn from the 2008 Icelandic Economic Collapse? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7180. [PMID: 33008097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Research shows that bullying is a significant workplace issue. A previous study showed increased sickness-related absences among municipality employees during the Icelandic economic crisis in 2008. This led to the following research questions: has bullying and/or harassment increased between the time points of the study up to seven years after the crisis? Did bullying and/or harassment change depending on downsizing? Are quantitative job demands, role conflicts and social support connected to bullying and/or harassment at work and if so, how? The study is based on a four-wave longitudinal balanced panel dataset consisting of those who work within the education and care services operated by Icelandic municipalities. It was seen that bullying and harassment had increased between the time points of the study. Furthermore, employees in downsized workplaces, workplaces with higher quantitative job demands, more role conflicts and less support were more likely to experience bullying and/or harassment than employees in other workplaces. Since the effects may prevail for several years, the study demonstrates that the consequences of downsizing need to be carefully considered and that managers must be supported in that role. As economic crises tend to occur periodically, presently due to COVID-19, the knowledge is both of theoretical and practical importance.
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Åhlin JK, Peristera P, Westerlund H, Magnusson Hanson LL. Psychosocial working characteristics before retirement and depressive symptoms across the retirement transition: a longitudinal latent class analysis. Scand J Work Environ Health 2020; 46:488-497. [PMID: 32091111 PMCID: PMC7737805 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Retirement is a major life transition. However, previous evidence on its mental health effects has been inconclusive. Whether retirement is desirable or not may depend on pre-retirement work characteristics. We investigated trajectories of depressive symptoms across retirement and how a number of psychosocial working characteristics influenced these trajectories. Methods We included 1735 respondents from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH), retiring during 2008-2016 (mean retirement age 66 years). They had completed biennial questionnaires reporting job demands, decision authority, workplace social support, efforts, rewards, procedural justice and depressive symptoms. We applied group-based trajectory modelling to model trajectories of depressive symptoms across retirement. Multinomial logistic regression analyses estimated the associations between -psychosocial working characteristics and depressive symptom trajectories. Results We identified five depression trajectories. In four of them, depressive symptoms decreased slightly around retirement. In one, the symptom level was initially high, then decreased markedly across retirement. Perceptions of job demands, job strain, workplace social support, rewards, effort-reward imbalance and procedural justice were associated with the trajectories, while perceptions of decision authority and work efforts were only partly related to the trajectories. Conclusions We observed a rather positive development of depressive symptoms across retirement in a sample of Swedish retirees. For a small group with poor psychosocial working characteristics, symptoms clearly decreased, which may indicate that a relief from poor working characteristics is associated with an improvement for some retirees. However, for other retirees poor working characteristics were associated with persistent symptoms, suggesting a long-term effect of these work stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Åhlin
- The Division for Epidemiology, Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
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Bani-Hani MA, Hamdan-Mansour AM. The moderation effect of locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses. Int J Nurs Pract 2020; 27:e12876. [PMID: 32702786 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job demand and job satisfaction in nursing profession have been identified as significant indicators of quality of nursing care. Job demand is the most influential job stressor and has been connected to negative consequences on nurses' ability to function. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of work locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses working at public hospitals. METHODS A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational design was utilized to randomly recruit 427 registered nurses working at two major public hospitals. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire regarding job demand, job satisfaction and work locus of control. RESULTS Work locus of control had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between job demand and satisfaction. External locus of control had a negative effect on the job demand and job satisfaction relationship, whereas internal locus of control positively buffered this correlation. CONCLUSION This study adds a novel contribution to the body of knowledge that buffering effect of job demand among nurses is much dependent on appropriately enhancing internal locus of control, consequently improving job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Ali Bani-Hani
- Leadership and Management Nursing, Royal Medical Services College, Albalqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
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Acquadro Maran D, Zito M, Colombo L. Secondary Traumatic Stress in Italian Police Officers: The Role of Job Demands and Job Resources. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1435. [PMID: 32676047 PMCID: PMC7333238 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Police officers are among the workers most exposed to acute or chronic stressful events, which compromises their psychosocial well-being and physical health. Exposure to traumatic events, human suffering, problematic situations and episodes of violence can cause psychological damage and lead to the development of secondary traumatic stress. The aim of this research is to explore the effect of job demands and job resources on secondary traumatic stress in police officers. To better understand this phenomenon and its consequences in this population, police officers were compared with health care professionals working as first responders. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 112 and 286 health care professionals. The findings showed that compared with health care workers, police officers suffer from secondary traumatic stress to a greater extent. Moreover, the results showed that some police officers suffered more than health care professionals regarding certain consequences of secondary traumatic stress, such as negative emotions and burnout. This study suggests implications and offers insights for both police officers and the organizations in which they work: police officer organizations should contribute to preventing the phenomenon of secondary traumatic stress by proposing programs that implement resilience training and adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margherita Zito
- Department of Business, Law, Economics and Consumer Behaviour "Carlo A. Ricciardi", Università IULM, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Colombo
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
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22
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Berlanda S, Fraizzoli M, de Cordova F, Pedrazza M. Psychosocial Risks and Violence Against Teachers. Is It Possible to Promote Well-Being at Work? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16224439. [PMID: 31726772 PMCID: PMC6887968 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Teaching has been reported to be one of the most stressful occupations, with heavy psychological demands, including the need to develop positive relationships with students and their parents; relationships that, in turn, play a significant role in teachers’ well-being. It follows that the impact of any violence perpetrated by a student or parent against a teacher is particularly significant and represents a major occupational health concern. The present study examines for the first time the influence of the Job Demands-Control-Support Model on violence directed against teachers. Six hundred and eighty-six teachers working in elementary and high schools in north-east Italy completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Our findings reveal the role played by working conditions in determining teachers’ experience of violence: greater job demands are associated with most offense types, whereas the availability of diffused social support at school is associated with lower rates of harassment. Workload should be equally distributed and kept under control, and violence should gain its place in the shared daily monitoring of practices and experiences at school in order to provide a socially supportive work environment for all teachers.
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Mannocci A, Marchini L, Scognamiglio A, Sinopoli A, De Sio S, Sernia S, La Torre G. Are Bank Employees Stressed? Job Perception and Positivity in the Banking Sector: An Italian Observational Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15040707. [PMID: 29642586 PMCID: PMC5923749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The epidemiology of stress on bank workers in Europe is only at the introductory stages. This study investigated for the first time the association between occupational stress level in bank-employees using the BEST8, Karasek-Model and socio-demographic and working factors in Italy. Methods: The observational pilot study involved 384 employees. Three questionnaires were adopted to collect data: Karasek-Model, BEST8 (p < 0.001) and Positivity-Scale. Results: 25% of the sample belonged to high stress group. The workers more stressed were older with a commercial role and consumer of antidepressants/sedatives. Women were much more likely to agree with the perception of feeling unsafe in a possible robbery (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.50–3.91) and with that sales requests were in conflict with one’s own personal moral code (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.38–3.87). Older employees declared feeling inadequate in the workplace (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.07–3.65) and younger employees referred to be anxious about meeting financial budget goals. Workers who had a low positivity had a lower probability of adaptation (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.83–0.93). Conclusions: The occupational stress level in the banking sector involves many aspects: gender, type of bank, role, personal morals, high job-demands, low level of decision-making. This study recommended that banks should implement strategic interventions for well-being of employees, and consequently for their productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Mannocci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Marchini
- Statistical Unit, Trade Union Fisac-CGIL, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Scognamiglio
- National Department of Health and Safety, Trade Union Fisac-CGIL, 00100 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Sinopoli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone De Sio
- Research Unit of Occupational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabina Sernia
- Center of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Yoshioka N, Nomura K, Asayama K, Takenoshita S, Nagasawa T, Nakata Y, Hiraike H, Sasamori Y, Tsuchiya A, Ohkubo T, Okinaga H. [Association between Job Stress and Number of Physical Symptoms among Female Nurses of Medical-university-affiliated Hospitals]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:388-394. [PMID: 30270307 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the association between job stress and the number of physical symptoms among newly certified female nurses. METHODS In this cross-sectional self-administered survey, we investigated 313 female nurses working at three medical-university-affiliated hospitals in February 2016. We investigated working conditions including numbers of working and on-call hours, work-life balance, Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) scores, and 16 physical symptoms perceived more often than once a week. RESULTS Among the 313 participants (mean age, 31.9), 57% were aged 21-29 years and 70% were single. Of the 16 physical symptoms investigated, fatigability was the most frequent complaint (66.1%), followed by lower back pain (44.7%). Univariate analysis showed that significant factors related to physical symptoms are job demands (p<0.001) and social support (p<0.001) in JCQ, binary index of supports (p<0.001), and total working hours per day (p =0.025). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the likelihood of reporting a greater number (n≥3) of physical symptoms increased by 7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2-13%] with a one-unit increase in job demand degree, and decreased by 16% (95% CI, 10-22%) in social support degree. When binary JCQ indexes were assessed, the high-support group [odds ratio (OR) 0.36; 95% CI, 0.23-0.59] was protectively associated with a greater number of physical symptoms while long working hours was significantly associated with a higher risk (OR 18%, 95% CI, 1-38%). CONCLUSIONS Reporting a greater number of physical symptoms may be a good indicator of job stress perceived by a nurse in a university hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- Department of Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine
- Support Center for Women Physicians and Researchers, Teikyo University
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Haruko Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Yukifumi Sasamori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | | | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Support Center for Women Physicians and Researchers, Teikyo University
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25
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Uzoigwe AG, Low WY, Noor SNM. Predictors of Work-Family Role Conflict and Its Impact on Professional Women in Medicine, Engineering, and Information Technology in Nigeria. Asia Pac J Public Health 2016; 28:629-637. [PMID: 27637552 DOI: 10.1177/1010539516667782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examines work-family role conflict and the factors predicting it, with a sample of 173 professional women in engineering and information technology (IT) firms, including 2 hospitals-1 public and 1 private. Our findings show no significant difference in the level of work-family role conflict encountered by women across medicine, engineering, and IT, whereas hours of work, family responsibilities, job demand, and work role overload were significantly correlated with work-family role conflict. Multiple linear regression analysis indicates that only work role overload, family responsibilities, and hours of work significantly predicted 45.9% of work-family role conflict. This implies that working women are burdened by work demands, which invariably affects the work-family role conflict they experience and leads to deterioration of their occupational health. It is suggested that employers should create a flexible work schedule and establish family-friendly policies in the workplace to promote a healthy work-life balance for women in science careers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wah Yun Low
- 2 Research Management Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya
| | - Siti Nurani Mohd Noor
- 1 Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya.,3 Centre for the Initiation of Talent & Industrial Training, University of Malaya
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26
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HIROKAWA K, MIWA M, TANIGUCHI T, TSUCHIYA M, KAWAKAMI N. Moderating effects of salivary testosterone levels on associations between job demand and psychological stress response in Japanese medical workers. Ind Health 2016; 54:194-203. [PMID: 26632120 PMCID: PMC4939866 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Levels of job stress have been shown to be inversely associated with testosterone levels, but some inconsistent results have been documented. We investigated the moderating effects of testosterone levels on associations between job stress-factors and psychological stress responses in Japanese medical workers. The participants were 63 medical staff (20 males and 43 women; mean age: 30.6 years; SD=7.3) in Okayama, Japan. Their job-stress levels and psychological stress responses were evaluated using self-administered questionnaires, and their salivary testosterone collected. Multiple regression analyses showed that job demand was positively associated with stress responses in men and women. An interaction between testosterone and support from colleagues had a significant effect on depression and anxiety for women. In women with lower testosterone levels, a reducing effect of support from colleagues on depression and anxiety was intensified. In women with higher testosterone levels, depression and anxiety levels were identical regardless of support from colleagues. Testosterone may function as a moderator between perceived work environment and psychological stress responses for female medical workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi HIROKAWA
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Baika Women’s University, Japan
| | - Machiko MIWA
- Department of Nursing, Baika Women’s University, Japan
| | - Toshiyo TANIGUCHI
- Department of Welfare System and Health Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Japan
| | - Masao TSUCHIYA
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan
| | - Norito KAWAKAMI
- Department of Mental Health and Department of Psychiatric Nursing, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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27
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SAIJO Y, YOSHIOKA E, KAWANISHI Y, NAKAGI Y, ITOH T, YOSHIDA T. Relationships of job demand, job control, and social support on intention to leave and depressive symptoms in Japanese nurses. Ind Health 2015; 54:32-41. [PMID: 26320733 PMCID: PMC4791291 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the relationships among the factors of the demand-control-support model (DCS) on the intention to leave a hospital job and depressive symptoms. Participants included 1,063 nurses. Job demand, job control, and support from supervisors were found to be significantly related to both the intention to leave and depressive symptoms. Based on the odds ratios per 1 SD change in the DCS factors, low support from supervisors was found to be most related to the intention to leave, and low job control was found to be most related to depressive symptoms. In models that did not include "job demand" as an independent variable, 60-h working weeks were found to have a significantly higher odds ratio for depressive symptoms. Support from supervisors is more important in preventing intention to leave and depressive symptoms among nurses than is support from co-workers. Improving job control and avoiding long working hours may be important to prevent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki SAIJO
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Eiji YOSHIOKA
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiko NAKAGI
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Toshihiro ITOH
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Takahiko YOSHIDA
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
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28
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Agbenyikey W, Karasek R, Cifuentes M, Wolf PA, Seshadri S, Taylor JA, Beiser AS, Au R. Job strain and cognitive decline: a prospective study of the framingham offspring cohort. Int J Occup Environ Med 2015; 6:79-94. [PMID: 25890602 PMCID: PMC5282587 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2015.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace stress is known to be related with many behavioral and disease outcomes. However, little is known about its prospective relationship with measures of cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of job strain, psychological demands and job control on cognitive decline. METHODS Participants from Framingham Offspring cohort (n=1429), were assessed on job strain, and received neuropsychological assessment approximately 15 years and 21 years afterwards. RESULTS High job strain and low control were associated with decline in verbal learning and memory. Job strain was associated with decline in word recognition skills. Active job and passive job predicted decline in verbal learning and memory relative to low strain jobs in the younger subgroup. Active job and demands were positively associated with abstract reasoning skills. CONCLUSIONS Job strain and job control may influence decline in cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Agbenyikey
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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29
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Habibi E, Poorabdian S, Shakerian M. Job strain (demands and control model) as a predictor of cardiovascular risk factors among petrochemical personnel. J Educ Health Promot 2015; 4:16. [PMID: 25861661 PMCID: PMC4389361 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9531.154034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the practical models for the assessment of stressful working conditions due to job strain is job demand and control model, which explains how physical and psychological adverse consequences, including cardiovascular risk factors can be established due to high work demands (the amount of workload, in addition to time limitations to complete that work) and low control of the worker on his/her work (lack of decision making) in the workplace. The aim of this study was to investigate how certain cardiovascular risk factors (including body mass index [BMI], heart rate, blood pressure, cholesterol and smoking) and the job demand and job control are related to each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted on 500 workers of the petrochemical industry in south of Iran, 2009. The study population was selected using simple random statistical method. They completed job demand and control questionnaire. The cardiovascular risk factors data was extracted from the workers hygiene profiles. Chi-square (χ (2)) test and hypothesis test (η) were used to assess the possible relationship between different quantified variables, individual demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The results of this study revealed that a significant relationship can be found between job demand control model and cardiovascular risk factors. Chi-square test result for the heart rate showed the highest (χ (2) = 145.078) relationship, the corresponding results for smoking and BMI were χ (2) = 85.652 and χ (2) = 30.941, respectively. Subsequently, hypothesis testing results for cholesterol and hypertension was 0.469 and 0.684, respectively. DISCUSSION Job strain is likely to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular risk factors among male staff in a petrochemical company in Iran. The parameters illustrated in the Job demands and control model can act as acceptable predictors for the probability of job stress occurrence followed by showing a high trend of CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsanollah Habibi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Siamak Poorabdian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Shakerian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Prakash S, Khapre P, Laha SK, Saran N. Study to assess the level of stress and identification of significant stressors among the railway engine pilots. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2012; 15:113-9. [PMID: 22412289 PMCID: PMC3299095 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.93201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Increasing demands, exacting management, poor ergonomics, and intense competition within and without are likely to contribute to stress among the railway engine pilots. This excess of stress and its consequences cost very high to both the organization and the consumers. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to identify the particular stressors affecting the railway engine pilots and their level of occupational stress in order to improve the safety, efficiency, and overall productivity of the railways and to propose the remedies. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at Central Hospital, SECR, Bilaspur, from 20/09/10 to 20/11/10, involving a study sample of 100 healthy Loco Pilots and 100 controls with similar safety category meeting the set inclusion and exclusion criteria, subjected to cross-sectional interviews and questionnaires. Results: Job stress correlated significantly with fatigue (P<0.001), ergonomics of work place (P<0.05) (particularly the postural discomfort and cab space), management pressure (P<0.01), high job demand (P<0.001), low control and low support at work (P<0.01), biological functions (P<0.05), and absenteeism (P<0.001). Top ten stressors have been identified and postural discomfort tops the list. The study also identifies minimal efforts from administration to reduce stress of its employees. Conclusion: The high demand, low control, and low support at the work with difficult work environment and inadequate recreation at the place of intermediary rest corroborates with development of stress affecting the normal biological functions leading to either avoidance of duty or making the railway engine pilots susceptible to fatigue and drowsiness, neglect, injuries, and accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Hospital, South East Central Railway (SECR), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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