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Wan H, Zhu W, Yan J, Han X, Yu J, Liao Q, Zhang T. Application of compound poisson model to estimate underreported risk of non-communicable diseases in underdeveloped areas. One Health 2024; 19:100889. [PMID: 39314245 PMCID: PMC11417528 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension and diabetes are major components of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with a substantial number of patients residing in underdeveloped areas. Limited medical resources in these areas often results in underreporting of disease prevalence, masking the true extent of diseases. Taking the underdeveloped Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in China as an example, this study aimed to correct the underreported prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes so as to provide inspiration for the allocation of medical resources in such areas. Methods Assuming the true number of patients in each area follows a Poisson distribution, we applied a Compound Poisson Model based on Clustering of Data Quality (CPM-CDQ) to estimate the potential true prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, as well as the registration rate of existing patients. Specifically, a hierarchical clustering approach was utilized to group the counties based on the data quality, and then the registration rate of the cluster with the best data quality was used as a priori information for the model. The model parameters were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the model. Results The estimated prevalence of hypertension in the entire Liangshan Prefecture from 2018 to 2020 ranged from 24.59 % to 25.28 %, and for diabetes, it ranged from 4.95 % to 8.42 %. The registration rates for hypertension and diabetes were 14.10 % to 24.59 % and 15.98 % to 29.12 %, respectively. Additionally, the accuracy of clustering the counties with the best data quality had a significant impact on the performance of the model. Conclusion Liangshan Prefecture is experiencing a significant high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, accompanied by a concerningly low registration rate. The CPM-CDQ proved useful for assessing underreporting risks and facilitating targeted interventions for NCDs control and prevention, particularly in underdeveloped areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingmin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Liangshan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang 615000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Gao R, Yan H, Duan J, Gao Y, Cao C, Li L, Guo L. Study on the nonfatigue and fatigue states of orchard workers based on electrocardiogram signal analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4858. [PMID: 35318355 PMCID: PMC8940960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, fatigue has become an important issue in modern life that cannot be ignored, especially in some special occupations. Agricultural workers are high-risk occupations that, under fatigue conditions over a long period, will cause health problems. In China, since very few studies have focused on the fatigue state of agricultural workers, we were interested in using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to analyze the fatigue state of agricultural workers. Healthy agricultural workers were randomly recruited from hilly orchards in South China. Through the field experiment, 130 groups of 5-min interval ECG signals were collected, and we analyzed the ECG signal by HRV. The time domain (meanHR, meanRR, SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD, PNN20, PNN50 and CV), frequency domain (VLF percent, LF percent, HF percent, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF) and nonlinear parameters (SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2 and sample entropy) were calculated and Spearman correlation coefficient analysis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed on each parameter for further analysis. For all subjects, nine parameters were slightly correlated in nonfatigue and fatigue state. Six parameters were significantly increased and ten HRV parameters were significantly decreased compared the nonfatigue state. As for males, fifteen parameters were significantly different, and for females, eighteen parameters were significantly different. In addition, the probability density functions of SDNN, SDSD, VLF%, HFnorm and LF/HF were significantly different in nonfatigue and fatigue state for different genders, and the nonlinear parameters become more discrete compared the nonfatigue state. Finally, we obtained the most suitable parameters, which reflect the fatigue characteristics of orchard workers under different genders. The results have instructional significance for identifying fatigue in orchard workers and provide a convincing and valid reference for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Gao
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huachao Yan
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jieli Duan
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Can Cao
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lanxiao Li
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Li Y, Yang L, Yin L, Liu Q, Wang Y, Yang P, Wang J, Chen Z, Li X, Yang Q, He Y, Huang X. Trends in Obesity and Metabolic Status in Northern and Southern China Between 2012 and 2020. Front Nutr 2022; 8:811244. [PMID: 35087859 PMCID: PMC8786809 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.811244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The trends of obesity-associated metabolic status in Chinese are lacking, especially those from different regions. Objectives: To examine the trends of obesity and metabolic status among Chinese population in 2012–2020. Methods: In a series cross-sectional study, data on 256,782 participants surveyed between 2014 and 2020 in Beijing, northern China, and 697,170 participants surveyed between 2012 and 2020 in Hunan, southern China were analyzed. Anthropometrics, blood pressure measurements, and blood tests were performed according to standard protocols. Trends in obesity and metabolic status were evaluated using the Joinpoint software. Results: Based on age- and sex-standardized values, the mean BMI values in northern and southern participants were 23.94 (95% CI: 23.93, 23.95) and 23.68 (95% CI: 23.67, 23.69) kg/m2, respectively. Between 2014 and 2020, the overall obesity prevalence among northern participants increased from 12.70% (95% CI: 12.17, 13.23%) to 14.33% (95% CI: 13.97, 14.70%) (P = 0.009), mainly derived by the 20–39 and 40–59 age groups. Moreover, the prevalence of metabolically healthy obese significantly increased from 2.07% (95% CI: 1.84, 2.30%) to 4.33% (95% CI: 4.13, 4.53%) in Northerners. Between 2012 and 2020, no significant trend in obesity was found among overall southern participants, but the prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obese significantly increased from 5.36% (95% CI: 5.18, 5.54%) to 7.35% (95% CI: 7.11, 7.58%), mainly derived by the 20–39 and 40–59 age groups. Conclusions: The trends in obesity and metabolic status were different between southern and northern Chinese. A national weight control plan is needed in China, focusing on young and middle-aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lu Yin
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharamceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharamceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongmei He
- Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Huang
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Peng H, Sun M, Hu X, Han H, Su J, Peng E, Wiley J, Lommel L, Chen JL. Prevalence, awareness, and associated factors of high blood pressure among female migrant workers in Central South China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13365. [PMID: 35535240 PMCID: PMC9078134 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many young Chinese women migrate to urban regions for better opportunities, little is known about the prevalence and awareness of having high blood pressure (HBP) in this population. This study investigated the prevalence, awareness, and factors associated with HBP among young female migrant workers in Central South China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify HBP (2017 ACC/AHA guidelines) among female migrant workers aged 18-45 years in Central South China. Demographics, anthropometric measurements, hypertension-related lifestyle, awareness of HBP, and blood pressure were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with HBP (blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg). RESULTS Overall, 232 female migrants participated in the study (mean age 34.4; standard deviation: 6.4 years). The prevalence of HBP was 27.2% (95% CI [21.6-33.2]), and 88.9% of the participants were unaware of their HBP status. Having rural medical insurance (odds ratio [OR] = 20.7; 95% confidence interval 95% CI [2.1-204.8]), awareness of having HBP (OR = 5.1; 95% CI [1.4-18.5]), physical inactivity (OR = 2.9; 95% CI [1.1-7.9]), and being overweight/obese (OR = 2.7; 95% CI [1.3-6.1]) were independently associated with HBP. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a high prevalence of HBP among young Chinese female migrant workers, as well as a high frequency of being unaware of their condition and some associated factors (rural medical insurance, awareness of having HBP, physical inactivity, and overweight/obesity). The uncontrolled HBP among young Chinese female migrant workers suggested that health education needs further promotion in such a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Peng
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Community Nursing Department, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Hunan Women Research Association, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Community Nursing Department, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiwu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Nursing, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Emin Peng
- Outpatient Clinic, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - James Wiley
- Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Lisa Lommel
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jyu-Lin Chen
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Qian CX, Zhao Y, Anindya K, Tenneti N, Desloge A, Atun R, Qin VM, Mulcahy P, Lee JT. Non-communicable disease risk factors and management among internal migrant in China: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2020-003324. [PMID: 34593512 PMCID: PMC8487202 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2019, there are more than 290 million people who have ever migrated from rural to urban areas in China. These rural-to-urban internal migrants account for more than one-fifth of China’s population and is the largest internal migrant group globally. We present the first systematic review that examines whether internal migrants are more likely to exhibit non-communicable diseases (NCDs) risk factors and have worse NCD management outcomes than non-migrant counterparts in China. Methods A systematic review was conducted via medical, public health, and economic databases including Scopus, MEDLINE, JSTOR, WHO Library Database and World Bank e-Library from 2000 to 2020. Study quality was assessed using the National Institute of Health Quality Assessment tool. We conducted a narrative review and synthesised differences for all studies included, stratified by different types of outcomes. We also conducted random-effects meta-analysis where we had a minimum of two studies with 95% CIs reported. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO: CRD42019139407. Results For most NCD risk factors and care cascade management, comparisons between internal migrants and other populations were either statistically insignificant or inconclusive. While most studies found migrants have a higher prevalence of tobacco use than urban residents, these differences were not statistically significant in the meta-analysis. Although three out four studies suggested that migrants may have worse access to NCD treatment and both studies suggested migrants have lower blood pressure control rates than non-migrants, these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion Findings from this systematic review demonstrate that there is currently insufficient evidence on migrant and non-migrant differences in NCD risk factors and management in China. Further research is expected to investigate access to healthcare among internal and its effect on both their NCD outcomes and long-term healthcare costs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Xinyi Qian
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA .,The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kanya Anindya
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Naveen Tenneti
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allissa Desloge
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rifat Atun
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vicky Mengqi Qin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Mulcahy
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Tayu Lee
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults between 1993 and 2015. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:427-437. [PMID: 33037330 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most previous studies on trends in the prevalence of obesity or abdominal obesity in Chinese adults were based on regional data and/or short time intervals, and recent trends are not available. We aimed to examine the secular trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults at the national level from 1993 to 2015. METHODS A total of 70,242 Chinese adults aged 18-80 years were from the cross-sectional surveys conducted from 1993 to 2015. According to the World Health Organization criteria, overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥23.0 kg/m2 and <27.5 kg/m2, and obesity was defined as BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2. According to the International Diabetes Federation criteria, abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women. Mean values and prevalence of adiposity markers were standardized to the age distribution of the China population in 2010. RESULTS Between 1993 and 2015, and based on age-standardized values, mean BMI increased from 21.9 kg/m2 in 1993 to 23.9 kg/m2 (+2.0 kg/m2) in 2015 (P for trend < 0.001), and mean WC increased from 76.0 cm to 83.4 cm (+7.4 cm) (P for trend <0.001). From 1993 to 2015, the prevalence increased from 26.6% to 41.3% (+14.7%) for overweight, from 4.2% to 15.7% (+11.5%) for obesity, and from 20.2% to 46.9% (+26.7%) for abdominal obesity (all P for trends < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, time (calendar years), older age and urban regions were strongly and independently associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity increased markedly among Chinese adults during the past two decades. Weight control programs and public health measures to address the societal causes of obesity should be strengthened.
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Trends in status of hypertension in rural northeast China: results from two representative cross-sectional surveys, 2013-2018. J Hypertens 2020; 37:1596-1605. [PMID: 30882603 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term natural trends in the status of hypertension in rural northeast China from 2013 to 2018. METHODS Two successive cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Liaoning rural areas in 2013 and 2018, which included 10 753 and 10 926 participants aged at least 40 years from different villages, respectively. A multistage, stratified, and cluster random sampling method was used to ensure that the samples of the two studies were representative. Hypertension was defined as a mean SBP at least 140 mmHg or a mean DBP at least 90 mmHg, and/or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication within the past 2 weeks. The prevalence and control rate of hypertension were also estimated according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association high blood pressure guideline. RESULTS Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased from 52.3 to 53.6%, while the age-specified DBP level increased by 5.2% (82.4 vs. 86.7 mmHg) during the study period. However, the control rate unfortunately remained low (4.1 vs. 3.6%), despite unsatisfied awareness and treatment rates of hypertension in rural northeast China. Under the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline, the prevalence of hypertension increased from 73.9 to 79.1%; however, the control rate decreased sharply from 1.8 to 0.5% between 2013 and 2018. CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of hypertension during the past 5 years, blood pressure levels increased significantly, especially the DBP level. Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension remained unacceptably low. Therefore, strategies targeting the management of hypertension should be emphasized in rural northeast China.
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Trends in Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Rural Northeast China: 2008 to 2018. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1456720. [PMID: 32685441 PMCID: PMC7338974 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1456720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study is aimed at exploring the trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural northeast China from 2008 to 2018. Methods Two successive cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Liaoning rural areas in 2008 and 2018, which included 131520 and 10926 representative participants aged ≥ 40 years, respectively. Results Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased from 44.7% to 53.6%, and male residents showed a faster pace of increase and a 2.1-fold increase than female residents (25.5% vs. 10.6%) from 2008 to 2018. Moreover, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased by 9.0% and 4.1%, respectively, and the increase rates were greater in men than in women (9.2% vs. 8.9% and 5.3% vs. 3.5%, P < 0.05). Additionally, the prevalence of stage 2 and above hypertension was significantly higher in men than in women. However, the awareness, treatment, and control rates showed no improvement and remained unacceptably low. Control rates were 3.7% in 2008 and 3.6% in 2018. Even among individuals who received medical treatment, only 8.7% and 10.1% had controlled hypertension in 2008 and 2018, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension and mean blood pressure increased steadily in the past 10 years in rural northeast China, especially in men. However, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension remained extremely low. Therefore, long-term comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to prevent further development of cardiovascular diseases in these areas.
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Secular Trends of the Impact of Overweight and Obesity on Hypertension in Yi People: Yi Migrant Study, 1996-2015. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:5368357. [PMID: 32292597 PMCID: PMC7146090 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5368357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rising hypertension prevalence, coupled with increasing overweight and obesity rates, has been observed in Yi people. Moreover, the growing blood pressure level among Yi people was mostly attributable to the continuous increase of body mass index (BMI). However, little is known about the trend of association between them. Methods Consequently, we investigated the impact of overweight/obesity on hypertension over three periods (1996, 2007-2008, 2015) using data from Yi Migrant Study (n = 8749). The Yi Migrant Study incorporated three successive cross-sectional studies which were implemented by the same team with consistent protocols. Results Compared with period 1 (1996), the influence of overweight/obesity on hypertension risk significantly increased in period 2 (2007-2008) and period 3 (2015); relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was 1.59 (95% CI: 0.12, 3.05) and 1.41 (95% CI: 0.30, 2.78), respectively. Meanwhile, the overweight/obese population in period 3 did not show hypertension risk higher than that in period 2 (RERI = 0.15; 95% CI: -0.76, 1.07). Additionally, we observed a continuously growing trend of hypertension risk among normal weight Yi people. Conclusions During the past two decades, there was a significant increase in the association between overweight/obesity and hypertension in Yi people, whereas the increasing trend has leveled off in more recent years. These findings suggest that overweight/obesity and hypertension are becoming more epidemic comorbidity over time. Interventions to prevent hypertension should focus not only on the overweight/obese population, but also on those with normal weight.
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Pan L, Li G, Wan S, Yihuo W, Yang F, Li Z, Shan G. The association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and blood pressure in Yi people. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:991. [PMID: 31340788 PMCID: PMC6657064 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a common risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. However, there has been no study reporting the relationship between hs-CRP and blood pressure in Yi adults. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between hs-CRP and blood pressure in Yi adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, included subjects were 2916 Yi migrants or farmers aged 20–80 years, recruited by using a stratified cluster sampling method from Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province in 2014. The directed acyclic graphs(DAG) was used to select a minimal sufficient adjustment sets of variables which would identification the unconfounded effect of hs-CRP and hypertension. Multiple linear and multinomial logit analysis were used to estimate the effect of hs-CRP on SBP/DBP/MAP/PP and the prevalence of prehypertension/hypertension after adjustment for the relevant confounders. Results The median level of hs-CRP was 1.20 (0.50–3.06)mg/L in Yi migrants, and 0.84(0.36–2.52) mg/L in Yi farmers, and the prevalence of high hs-CRP was 23.25%. For hs-CRP > 3 mg/L group, the adjusted PP tended to have lower values (β = − 1.49, 95%CI: − 2.49--0.49, P = 0.0034) compared with < 1 mg/L group. After adjusting for confounders, there were no significant association between hs-CRP and prehypertension/hypertension (P > 0.05). Conclusions Our results suggest that high hs-CRP is prevalent in Yi people, and this study does not support hs-CRP as a risk factor of prehypertension or hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Guoju Li
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | | | - WuLi Yihuo
- Department for Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases Control, Puge County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Xichang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Xichang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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