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Liu R, Tu M, Xue J, Xiao B, Li J, Liang L. Oleic acid induces lipogenesis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in organotypic mouse meibomian gland and human meibomian gland epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2024; 241:109851. [PMID: 38453039 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of oleic acid (OA) in the meibum from patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) suggests that it may contribute to meibomian gland (MG) functional disorder, as it is a potent stimulator of acne-related lipogenesis and inflammation in sebaceous gland. Therefore, we investigate whether OA induces lipogenesis and inflammasome activation in organotypic cultured mouse MG and human meibomian gland epithelial cells (HMGECs). Organotypic cultured mouse MG and HMGECs were exposed to OA or combinations with specific AMPK agonists 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR). Lipogenic status, ductal keratinization, squamous metaplasia, NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammasome activation, proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β production, and AMPK pathway phosphorylation in MG were subsequently examined by lipid staining, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, ELISA assay, and Western blot analyses. We found that OA significantly induced lipid accumulation, ductal keratinization, and squamous metaplasia in organotypic cultured MG, as evidenced by increased lipids deposition within acini and duct, upregulated expression of lipogenic proteins (SREBP-1 and HMGCR), and elevation of K10/Sprr1b. Additionally, OA induced NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammasome activation, cleavage of Caspase-1, and production of downstream proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The findings of lipogenesis and NLRP3-related proinflammatory response in OA-stimulated HMGECs were consistent with those in organotypic cultured MG. OA exposure downregulated phospho-AMPK in two models, while AICAR treatment alleviated lipogenesis by improving AMPK/ACC phosphorylation and SREBP-1/HMGCR expression. Furthermore, AMPK amelioration inhibited activation of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis and secretion of IL-1β, thereby relieving the OA-induced proinflammatory response. These results demonstrated that OA induced lipogenic disorder and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in organotypic cultured mouse MG and HMGECs by suppressing the AMPK signaling pathway, indicating OA may play an etiological role in MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Mengqian Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jianwen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Lingyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Tu M, Liu R, Xue J, Xiao B, Li J, Liang L. Urban Particulate Matter Triggers Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:8. [PMID: 38315493 PMCID: PMC10851789 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The meibomian gland (MG), as the largest modified sebaceous gland, is potentially damaged by urban particulate matter (UPM) based on epidemiological evidence, but the specific experimental mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the effects of UPM on MG dysfunction (MGD) in rodent models. Methods Female C57BL/6J mice received eye drops containing UPM suspension or PBS for 14 days. The proliferative capacity and progenitor of MG were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL assay, along with the analysis of caspase family expression. Lipid accumulation was visualized by Oil Red O staining and LipidTox staining. Ductal hyperkeratinization, neutrophil infiltration, and pyroptosis activation were detected through immunostaining. The relative gene expression and signaling pathway activation were determined by Western blot analysis. Results Administration of UPM caused MGD-like clinical signs, manifested as distinct corneal epithelial erosion, increased MG orifice occlusion, and glandular dropout. UPM exposure significantly induced progenitor loss, cellular apoptosis, and lipogenic disorder in MG, by reducing P63/Lrig1 expression and increasing cleaved caspase-8, -9, and -3 and meibum lipogenic protein (HMGCR/SREBP-1) expression. UPM-treated mice exhibited ductal hyperkeratinization and neutrophil recruitment. Simultaneously, pyroptosis was motivated, as indicated by the heightened expression of NLRP3 and the cleavage of caspase-1 and -4 and gasdermin D, as well as the increase in IL-1β and IL-18 downstream. The underlying pathological mechanisms of UPM involve the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB. Conclusions These results provided direct evidence for the toxicity of UPM in MG. UPM-induced activation of pyroptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway might account for the inflammatory MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Ajouz L, Hallak J, Naik R, Nguyen A, Zhao C, Robinson MR, Nichols KK. Evaluation of the Impact of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Using a Novel Patient-Reported Outcome Instrument. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024; 40:48-56. [PMID: 37910805 PMCID: PMC10890943 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study was intended to characterize the impact of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) on patients' quality of life. Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, noninterventional clinical study (NCT01979887), eligible individuals (age ≥40 years; absence of uncontrolled ocular/systemic disease) were categorized, based on composite grading of ocular symptoms, Schirmer score, and meibum quality, into (1) non-MGD, (2) mild/moderate MGD, or (3) severe MGD cohorts. The MGD Impact Questionnaire (MGD IQ), a 10-item patient-reported outcome measure, was self-administered at clinic visit on day 1, and readministered on day 22 to assess intervisit agreement regarding MGD IQ responses. Results: In total, 75 subjects were assigned to the study cohorts (25 per cohort). Across cohorts, MGD IQ item scores rose incrementally with increasing MGD severity. The severe MGD cohort experienced greater difficulty with reading and performance of leisure activities, greater time on eye care, and greater bother with eye care and eye appearance than the mild/moderate MGD cohort (all P < 0.05). Compared with the non-MGD cohort, the mild/moderate MGD cohort had greater difficulty working on computer, whereas the severe MGD cohort had greater difficulty reading, driving, and performing leisure activities, more frequent difficulty with outdoor activities, more time on eye care, and greater bother with eye care (all P < 0.05). Intervisit agreement between MGD IQ responses was fair to moderate (weighted kappa statistic 0.33‒0.58). Conclusions: Vision-related activities are negatively impacted by increasing severity of MGD. The MGD IQ instrument can help characterize disease severity and amplify the patient's voice in patient-centric clinical research. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01979887.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Ajouz
- Allergan (an AbbVie company), Irvine, California, USA
| | - Joelle Hallak
- Allergan (an AbbVie company), Irvine, California, USA
| | - Rupali Naik
- Noesis Healthcare Technologies, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Ashley Nguyen
- Allergan (an AbbVie company), Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cathy Zhao
- Allergan (an AbbVie company), Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Kelly K. Nichols
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Lai KKH, Liao X, Aljufairi FMAA, Wong YM, Chiu JT, Mak HT, Cheng ACO, Chin JKY, Chu BCY, Kwong CH, Li KKW, Chan WH, Yip WWK, Young AL, Chan E, Ko CKL, Ko STC, Chan CKM, Yuen HKL, Chen LJ, Tham CC, Pang CP, Chong KKL. Ocular Surface Evaluation in Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 256:90-96. [PMID: 37544494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the functional and structural changes of the meibomian glands and ocular surface in immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional, matched case-control comparison study. METHODS This study included 64 patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-ROD (aged 63.4 ± 12.2 years, 39 male) and 64 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Patients were managed by hospitals covering the publicly funded ophthalmology service in Hong Kong. Outcome measures included anterior segment examination and keratographic and meibographic imagings. RESULTS A total of 64 worst-affected eyes of the 64 IgG4-ROD patients were analyzed. Corneal fluorescein staining (P = .0187), lid margin telangiectasia (P = .0360), lid-parallel conjunctival folds (P = .0112), papillae (P = .0393), meibomian gland plugging (P = .0001), meibomian gland expressibility (P = .0001), and meibum quality (P = .0001) were more significant in IgG4-ROD patients compared with healthy controls. Both upper and lower meibomian gland dropouts (P = .001 and .0003), and tear meniscus height (P = .0001) were higher in IgG4-ROD patients. Non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT) (P = .0166) and Schirmer test results (P = .0243) were lower in IgG4-ROD patients. Upper (r = 0.336, P = .0140) meibomian gland dropouts and NITBUT (r = -0.293, P = .0497) were positively and negatively correlated with the IgG4-ROD onset age, respectively. The number of extraocular organ involvement was negatively correlated with the Schirmer test(r = -0.341, P = .0167). Lower NITBUT was found in IgG4-ROD eyes with lacrimal gland enlargement than in IgG4-ROD eyes without lacrimal gland enlargement radiologically (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS IgG4-ROD patients showed features of both aqueous tear deficiency and evaporative dry eye disease. We recommend ocular surface evaluation to all patients newly diagnosed with IgG4-ROD. Further studies are warranted to clarify the mechanism of IgG4-related dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K H Lai
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (K.K.H.L., E.C., C.K.L.K., S.T.C.K.), Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xulin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla Aljufairi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology (F.M.A.A.A.), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospitals, Bahrain
| | - Yiu Man Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jamie T Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - H T Mak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andy C O Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology (A.C.O.C.), Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joyce K Y Chin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Benjamin C Y Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology (B.C.Y.C.), Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi Ho Kwong
- Department of Ophthalmology (C.H.K.), Caritas Medical Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kenneth K W Li
- Department of Ophthalmology (K.K.W.L.), United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - W H Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology (W.H.C.), Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wilson W K Yip
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Alvin L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Edwin Chan
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (K.K.H.L., E.C., C.K.L.K., S.T.C.K.), Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Callie K L Ko
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (K.K.H.L., E.C., C.K.L.K., S.T.C.K.), Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Simon T C Ko
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (K.K.H.L., E.C., C.K.L.K., S.T.C.K.), Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Carmen K M Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Eye Hospital (C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Y., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hunter K L Yuen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Eye Hospital (C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Y., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Clement C Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Eye Hospital (C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Y., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kelvin K L Chong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (K.K.,H.L., X.L., F.M.A.A.A., Y.M.W., J.T.C., H.T.M., C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Yl, L.J.C., C.C.T., C.P.P., K.K.L.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.K.Y.C., W.W.K.Y., A.L.Y., L.J.C., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Eye Hospital (C.K.M.C., H.K.L.Y., C.C.T., K.K.L.C.), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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