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Becher H, Krist L, Menzel J, Fernholz I, Keil T, Kreutz G, Schmidt A, Streit F, Willich SN, Weikert C. Music-Making and Depression and Anxiety Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Results From the NAKO Cohort Study in Germany. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1606993. [PMID: 38978833 PMCID: PMC11228560 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the association of musical activity with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 3,666 participants reported their musical activity before and mental health indicators before and during the pandemic. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire, anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. The association between mental health scores and musical activities was investigated using linear regression. Results Within the last 12 months, 22.1% of the participants reported musical activity (15.1% singing, 14.5% playing an instrument). Individuals with frequent singing as their main musical activity had higher scores before the pandemic than non-musicians and the worsening during the pandemic was more pronounced compared to non-musicians. Instrumentalists tended to have slightly lower scores than non-musicians indicating a possible beneficial effect of playing an instrument on mental health. Conclusion The pandemic led to a worsening of mental health, with singers being particularly affected. Singers showed poorer mental health before the pandemic. The tendency for instrumentalists to report lower depression scores compared to non-musicians may support the hypothesis that music-making has a beneficial effect on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Becher
- Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lilian Krist
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Menzel
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabel Fernholz
- Clinic for Audiology and Phoniatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Gunter Kreutz
- Department of Music, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Clinic for Audiology and Phoniatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hector Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan N Willich
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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Khin Moe Myint, DeMaranville J, Wongpakaran T, Peisah C, Arunrasameesopa S, Wongpakaran N. Meditation Moderates the Relationship between Insecure Attachment and Loneliness: A Study of Long-Term Care Residents in Thailand. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:622. [PMID: 38674268 PMCID: PMC11051991 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Loneliness is prevalent among residents of long-term care settings, posing significant challenges to their mental wellbeing. Insecure attachment has been identified as a contributing factor to loneliness in this population. Previous research has suggested that meditation may have beneficial effects on mental health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between meditation, insecure attachment, and loneliness among residents of long-term care facilities in Thailand. Specifically, the study sought to investigate the moderating effect of meditation on the association between insecure attachment (both avoidance and anxiety) and loneliness. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 236 residents living in long-term care homes in Thailand. Participants completed self-report measures including the 18-item Revised Experience of Close Relationship questionnaire (to assess attachment anxiety and avoidance), the Inner Strength-Based Inventory (to measure meditation practice), and the 6-item Revised Version of the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. Moderation analyses were performed to explore the role of meditation in the relationship between insecure attachment and loneliness. Results: The mean age of participants was 73.52 years, with females accounting for 57.6% of the sample. Among the participants, 58.4% reported engaging in meditation, with practice frequency ranging from often to daily. The mean meditation score was 2.92 out of 5, indicating regular but not daily practice. Meditation was found to moderate the relationship between insecure attachment (both avoidance and anxiety) and loneliness. Specifically, the moderation effect between attachment anxiety and loneliness was significant (B = 0.44, SE = 0.21, 95% CI [0.30, 0.86]), as was the interaction effect between attachment anxiety and loneliness (B = -0.34, SE = 0.17, 95% CI [-0.67, -0.02]). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the impact of meditation practice on loneliness is influenced by an individual's attachment dimension. Meditation demonstrates a moderating effect on attachment avoidance, anxiety, and loneliness, with variations observed in the direction of these effects. The clinical implications of these findings and recommendations for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Moe Myint
- Master of Science Program (Mental Health), Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.M.M.); (J.D.); (T.W.); (C.P.)
| | - Justin DeMaranville
- Master of Science Program (Mental Health), Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.M.M.); (J.D.); (T.W.); (C.P.)
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Master of Science Program (Mental Health), Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.M.M.); (J.D.); (T.W.); (C.P.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Carmelle Peisah
- Master of Science Program (Mental Health), Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.M.M.); (J.D.); (T.W.); (C.P.)
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Specialty of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Suthikarn Arunrasameesopa
- Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand;
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Master of Science Program (Mental Health), Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.M.M.); (J.D.); (T.W.); (C.P.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Sequeros CB, Hansen TF, Westergaard D, Louloudis I, Kalamajski S, Röder T, Rohde PD, Schwinn M, Clemmensen LH, Didriksen M, Nyegaard M, Hjalgrim H, Nielsen KR, Bruun MT, Ostrowski SR, Erikstrup C, Mikkelsen S, Sørensen E, Pedersen OBV, Brunak S, Banasik K, Giordano GN. A genome-wide association study of social trust in 33,882 Danish blood donors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1402. [PMID: 38228779 PMCID: PMC10792163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Social trust is a heritable trait that has been linked with physical health and longevity. In this study, we performed genome-wide association studies of self-reported social trust in n = 33,882 Danish blood donors. We observed genome-wide and local evidence of genetic similarity with other brain-related phenotypes and estimated the single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability of trust to be 6% (95% confidence interval = (2.1, 9.9)). In our discovery cohort (n = 25,819), we identified one significantly associated locus (lead variant: rs12776883) in an intronic enhancer region of PLPP4, a gene highly expressed in brain, kidneys, and testes. However, we could not replicate the signal in an independent set of donors who were phenotyped a year later (n = 8063). In the subsequent meta-analysis, we found a second significantly associated variant (rs71543507) in an intergenic enhancer region. Overall, our work confirms that social trust is heritable, and provides an initial look into the genetic factors that influence it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Burgos Sequeros
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David Westergaard
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ioannis Louloudis
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Kalamajski
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Timo Röder
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Palle Duun Rohde
- Genomic Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
| | - Michael Schwinn
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Harder Clemmensen
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maria Didriksen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- Genomic Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaspar René Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Mie Topholm Bruun
- Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Susan Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Vestager Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Giuseppe Nicola Giordano
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
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