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Lin F, Chen Y, Huang B, Ruan S, Lin J, Chen Z, Huang C, Zhao B. Application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for resectable gastric/gastroesophageal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1391562. [PMID: 38783944 PMCID: PMC11111861 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1391562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer represents a significant global health challenge. Radical surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment for resectable G/GEJ cancer. Supported by robust evidence from multiple clinical studies, therapeutic approaches, including adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation, and perioperative chemotherapy, are generally recommended to reduce the risk of recurrence and enhance long-term survival outcomes post-surgery. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have altered the landscape of systemic treatment for advanced or metastatic G/GEJ cancer, becoming the standard first-line therapy for specific patients. Consequently, exploring the efficacy of ICIs in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting for resectable G/GEJ cancer is worthwhile. This review summarizes the current advances in the application of ICIs for resectable G/GEJ cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Choi H, Baek JH, Seo AN, Park SY, Kim HJ, Park JS, Choi GS, Kim JG, Kang BW. Systemic Inflammatory Response Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Can Affect Oncologic Outcomes in MSI-H/dMMR Rectal Cancer. Chonnam Med J 2024; 60:105-112. [PMID: 38841607 PMCID: PMC11148308 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2024.60.2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is a crucial determinant of disease progression and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This study investigated the prognostic relevance of changes in the platelet count on survival and the predictive value of changes in the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the pathological tumor response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) rectal cancer. From 2011 to 2022, data of 46 consecutive patients with MSI-H rectal cancer who were treated with preoperative CRT followed by curative surgery at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital (Daegu, South Korea) were retrospectively analyzed. A 235 cut-off value was used to define whether PLR was high or low. Any change in the PLR or NLR was calculated on the basis of subtracting the pre-CRT PLR or NLR from the post-CRT values. Both pre-CRT and post-CRT values of the NLR and PLR were not significantly associated with clinical outcomes. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that a change in the PLR following CRT was not significantly associated with survival outcomes; however, patients who maintained a high change in the PLR following CRT showed significantly better pathologic T-stage. No statistically significant association was noted between changes in the platelet count and clinical outcomes of patients. The results suggested that changes in the PLR following CRT are associated with pathologic T-stage of the group. However, the SIR markers showed no prognostic values on the survival outcomes of the patients with MSI-H/mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukjin Choi
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Baek
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - An Na Seo
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Seok Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gyu Seog Choi
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
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Jiang H, Li B, Wu M, Wang Q, Li Y. Association of the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) and Gustave Roussy Immune (GRIm) score with immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in patients with gastrointestinal and lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:428. [PMID: 38589844 PMCID: PMC11000368 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis, evaluating the prognostic significance of the baseline Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) and Gustave Roussy Immune (GRIm) Score in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed across various databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, until October 21, 2023, to compile relevant articles for analysis. The investigation encompassed diverse clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS This analysis included a total of 15 articles, comprising 19 studies involving 3335 patients. Among the 19 studies, nine studies focused on NSCLC, and six studies were conducted on HCC. Pooled results revealed that patients with elevated ALI levels experienced prolonged OS (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.37-0.70, p < 0.001) and extended PFS (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.52-0.72, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a GRIm score > 1 was associated with reduced OS (HR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.47-2.92, p < 0.001) and diminished PFS (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.35-2.34, p < 0.001) in cancer patients receiving ICIs. Subgroup analysis indicated that ALI cutoff values of 18 exhibited enhanced predictive potential. Additionally, for HCC patients, those with HCC-GRIm score > 2 showed a substantially decreased risk of mortality compared to individuals with HCC-GRIm score ≤ 2 (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.89-3.65, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The ALI and GRIm score served as dependable prognostic indicators for patients undergoing ICI therapy in the context of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University, Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Borui Li
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Honghe Prefecture, Gejiu, China
| | - Qimei Wang
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
| | - Yijin Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anorectal Surgery, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Tradmonal Chinese and Western Medicine (Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital), Changsha, China.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Chen J, Huang T, Lin J, Pi Y, Hao H, Wang D, Liang X, Fu S, Yu J. TOB1 modulates neutrophil phenotypes to influence gastric cancer progression and immunotherapy efficacy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369087. [PMID: 38617839 PMCID: PMC11010640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ErbB-2.1(TOB1) signaling transducer protein is a tumor-suppressive protein that actively suppresses the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer cells. Yet, TOB1 negatively regulates the activation and growth of different immune cells. Understanding the expression and role of TOB1 in the gastric cancer immune environment is crucial to maximize its potential in targeted immunotherapy. Methods This study employed multiplex immunofluorescence analysis to precisely delineate and quantify the expression of TOB1 in immune cells within gastric cancer tissue microarrays. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to assess the influence of clinical-pathological parameters, immune cells, TOB1, and double-positive cells on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Subsequent experiments included co-culture assays of si-TOB1-transfected neutrophils with AGS or HGC-27 cells, along with EdU, invasion, migration assays, and bioinformatics analyses, aimed at elucidating the mechanisms through which TOB1 in neutrophils impacts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Results We remarkably revealed that TOB1 exhibits varying expression levels in both the nucleus (nTOB1) and cytoplasm (cTOB1) of diverse immune cell populations, including CD8+ T cells, CD66b+ neutrophils, FOXP3+ Tregs, CD20+ B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD68+ macrophages within gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues. Significantly, TOB1 was notably concentrated in CD66b+ neutrophils. Survival analysis showed that a higher density of cTOB1/nTOB1+CD66b+ neutrophils was linked to a better prognosis. Subsequent experiments revealed that, following stimulation with the supernatant of tumor tissue culture, the levels of TOB1 protein and mRNA in neutrophils decreased, accompanied by enhanced apoptosis. HL-60 cells were successfully induced to neutrophil-like cells by DMSO. Neutrophils-like cells with attenuated TOB1 gene expression by si-TOB1 demonstrated heightened apoptosis, consequently fostering a malignant phenotype in AGS and HCG-27 cells upon co-cultivation. The subsequent analysis of the datasets from TCGA and TIMER2 revealed that patients with high levels of TOB1 combined neutrophils showed better immunotherapy response. Discussion This study significantly advances our comprehension of TOB1's role within the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer, offering promising therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yilin Pi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huiting Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jingcui Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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Zhang L, Ma W, Qiu Z, Kuang T, Wang K, Hu B, Wang W. Prognostic nutritional index as a prognostic biomarker for gastrointestinal cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219929. [PMID: 37545502 PMCID: PMC10401046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study represents the first meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the prognostic utility of the baseline prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) who received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Methods We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar until April 23, 2023, to obtain relevant articles for this study. Our analysis examined several clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). Results In this analysis, a total of 17 articles with 2883 patients were included. Our pooled results indicated that patients with high PNI levels had longer OS (HR: 0.530, 95% CI: 0.456-0.616, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR: 0.740, 95% CI: 0.649-0.844, p < 0.001), as well as higher ORR (OR: 1.622, 95% CI: 1.251-2.103, p < 0.004) and DCR (OR: 1.846, 95% CI: 1.428-2.388, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that PNI cutoff values of 40 to 45 showed greater predictive potential. Subgroup analysis also confirmed that the above findings still hold true in patients with esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and hepatocellular carcinomas. Conclusion The PNI were reliable predictors of outcomes in GIC patients treated with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Wangbin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhendong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianrui Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
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Noori M, Fayyaz F, Zali MR, Bashash D. Predictive value of PD-L1 expression in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastric cancer treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:1029-1039. [PMID: 37466449 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2238896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Which patients may benefit more from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still an important question. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the PD-L1 molecule in predicting the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric cancer patients. METHOD We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases as of 25 March 202225 March 2022. RESULTS Ten articles were included. When we used the TPS method for PD-L1 expression, none of the patients in tumor proportion score (TPS)≥1% and TPS < 1% groups took advantage of ICI therapy in terms of OS and PFS. However, gastric cancer patients with combined-positive score (CPS)≥1, CPS ≥ 5, and CPS ≥ 10 tumors represented superior OS for ICIs over the control agents, while their counterparts (i.e. patients with CPS < 1, CPS < 5, and CPS < 10 tumors) did not. In the subgroup analysis when patients with CPS ≥ 1 were selected, Nivolumab improved the OS and PFS remarkably by 26% and 25% when compared with control agents, respectively. However, Pembrolizumab significantly increased the rate of disease progression by 47% relative to the control medications. CONCLUSION Among patients suffering from gastric cancer, considering PD-L1 CPS thresholds seems to be a more reliable predictive factor than TPS threshold for lower rate of mortality when PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farimah Fayyaz
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Leowattana W, Leowattana P, Leowattana T. Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. World J Methodol 2023; 13:79-97. [PMID: 37456977 PMCID: PMC10348086 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v13.i3.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is believed to be the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of death worldwide. Treatment techniques include radiation, chemotherapy, gastrectomy, and targeted treatments are often employed. Some hopeful results from the development of GC immunotherapy have already changed treatment approaches. Along with previous combination medicines, new immunotherapies have been developed that target distinct molecules. Despite ongoing studies into the current therapeutic options and significant improvements in this field, the prognosis for the ailment is poor. Since there are few treatment options and a delay in detection, the illness actually advances, spreads, and metastasizes. The bulk of immunotherapies in use today rely on cytotoxic immune cells, monoclonal antibodies, and gene-transferred vaccines. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become more popular. In this review, we sought to examine the viewpoint and development of several immunotherapy treatment modalities for advanced GC, as well as the clinical results thus far reported. Additionally, we outlined tumor immune escape and tumor immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wattana Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pathomthep Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawithep Leowattana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Wattana 10110, Bangkok, Thailand
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Inagaki C, Kawakami H, Maeda D, Sakai D, Urakawa S, Nishida K, Kudo T, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Wada H, Satoh T. The potential clinical utility of cell-free DNA for gastric cancer patients treated with nivolumab monotherapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5652. [PMID: 37024664 PMCID: PMC10079661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the potential clinical utility of cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based biomarkers for identifying gastric cancer (GC) patients who benefit from nivolumab. From 31 GC patients treated with nivolumab monotherapy (240 mg/body, Bi-weekly) in 3rd or later line setting, we prospectively collected blood samples at baseline and before the 3rd dose. We compared cfDNA-based molecular findings, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, to tissue-based biomarkers. We assessed the clinical value of blood tumor mutation burden (bTMB) and copy number alterations (CNA) as well as the cfDNA dynamics. The concordance between deficient-MMR and cfDNA-based MSI-high was 100% (3/3). Patients with bTMB ≥ 6 mut/Mb had significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS); however, such significance disappeared when excluding MSI-High cases. The combination of bTMB and CNA positivity identified patients with survival benefit regardless of MSI status (both PFS and OS, P < 0.001), with the best survival in those with bTMB≥6mut/Mb and CNAnegative. Moreover, patients with decreased bTMB during treatment had a better disease control rate (P = 0.04) and longer PFS (P = 0.04). Our results suggest that a combination of bTMB and CNA may predict nivolumab efficacy for GC patients regardless of MSI status. bTMB dynamics have a potential utility as an on-treatment biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Inagaki
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hisato Kawakami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Urakawa
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nishida
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kudo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisashi Wada
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taroh Satoh
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
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Yıldız İ, Özer L, Şenocak Taşçı E, Bayoglu İV, Aytac E. Current trends in perioperative treatment of resectable gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:323-337. [PMID: 37032791 PMCID: PMC10080599 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i3.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the treatment strategy for locally advanced resectable gastric cancer (GC) has shifted to a multimodal approach, which potentially decreases recurrence risk and improves survival rates. Perioperative therapy leads to downstaging, increased curative resection rates, and prolonged disease-free and overall survival, by preventing micrometastases in patients with resectable GC. Application of neoadjuvant therapy provides information about tumor biology and in vivo sensitivity. A consensus regarding the therapeutic approach for non-metastatic GC does not exist, and many clinical trials aim to clarify this aspect. Advances in precision medicine and the role of immunotherapy have been the focus of research in GC treatment. Herein, the current status and possible future developments of perioperative therapy for locally advanced resectable GC are reviewed, based on the most recent randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Yıldız
- Department of Medical Oncology, Acıbadem MAA University, İstanbul 34567, Turkey
| | - Leyla Özer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Acıbadem MAA University, İstanbul 34567, Turkey
| | - Elif Şenocak Taşçı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Acıbadem University, İstanbul 34567, Turkey
| | | | - Erman Aytac
- Department of Surgery, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34567, Turkey
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10
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Totoki Y, Saito-Adachi M, Shiraishi Y, Komura D, Nakamura H, Suzuki A, Tatsuno K, Rokutan H, Hama N, Yamamoto S, Ono H, Arai Y, Hosoda F, Katoh H, Chiba K, Iida N, Nagae G, Ueda H, Shihang C, Sekine S, Abe H, Nomura S, Matsuura T, Sakai E, Ohshima T, Rino Y, Yeoh KG, So J, Sanghvi K, Soong R, Fukagawa A, Yachida S, Kato M, Seto Y, Ushiku T, Nakajima A, Katai H, Tan P, Ishikawa S, Aburatani H, Shibata T. Multiancestry genomic and transcriptomic analysis of gastric cancer. Nat Genet 2023; 55:581-594. [PMID: 36914835 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide, characterized by geographical, epidemiological and histological heterogeneity. Here, we report an extensive, multiancestral landscape of driver events in gastric cancer, involving 1,335 cases. Seventy-seven significantly mutated genes (SMGs) were identified, including ARHGAP5 and TRIM49C. We also identified subtype-specific drivers, including PIGR and SOX9, which were enriched in the diffuse subtype of the disease. SMGs also varied according to Epstein-Barr virus infection status and ancestry. Non-protein-truncating CDH1 mutations, which are characterized by in-frame splicing alterations, targeted localized extracellular domains and uniquely occurred in sporadic diffuse-type cases. In patients with gastric cancer with East Asian ancestry, our data suggested a link between alcohol consumption or metabolism and the development of RHOA mutations. Moreover, mutations with potential roles in immune evasion were identified. Overall, these data provide comprehensive insights into the molecular landscape of gastric cancer across various subtypes and ancestries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Totoki
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mihoko Saito-Adachi
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Komura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.,Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Rokutan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Hama
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yamamoto
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hanako Ono
- Division of Bioinformatics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Arai
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumie Hosoda
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Katoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Iida
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genta Nagae
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ueda
- Biological Data Science, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chen Shihang
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eiji Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Dept of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy So
- Dept of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kaushal Sanghvi
- Dept of Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richie Soong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Akihiko Fukagawa
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Division of Genomic Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kato
- Division of Bioinformatics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Seto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Katai
- Department of Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Patrick Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Epigenomic and Epitranscriptomic Regulation, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. .,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Huang W, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yin H, Liu G, Zhang H, Xu J, Yu J, Xia Y, He Y, Zhang C. Personalized immune subtypes based on machine learning predict response to checkpoint blockade in gastric cancer. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:6960975. [PMID: 36572651 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) show high efficiency in a small fraction of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, personalized immune subtypes have not been developed for the prediction of ICI efficiency in GC. Herein, we identified Pan-Immune Activation Module (PIAM), a curated gene expression profile (GEP) representing the co-infiltration of multiple immune cell types in tumor microenvironment of GC, which was associated with high expression of immunosuppressive molecules such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. We also identified Pan-Immune Dysfunction Genes (PIDG), a conservative PIAM-derivated GEP indicating the dysfunction of immune cell cooperation, which was associated with upregulation of metastatic programs (extracellular matrix receptor interaction, TGF-β signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and calcium signaling) but downregulation of proliferative signalings (MYC targets, E2F targets, mTORC1 signaling, and DNA replication and repair). Moreover, we developed 'GSClassifier', an ensemble toolkit based on top scoring pairs and extreme gradient boosting, for population-based modeling and personalized identification of GEP subtypes. With PIAM and PIDG, we developed four Pan-immune Activation and Dysfunction (PAD) subtypes and a GSClassifier model 'PAD for individual' with high accuracy in predicting response to pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) in advance GC (AUC = 0.833). Intriguingly, PAD-II (PIAMhighPIDGlow) displayed the highest objective response rate (60.0%) compared with other subtypes (PAD-I, PIAMhighPIDGhigh, 0%; PAD-III, PIAMlowPIDGhigh, 0%; PAD-IV, PIAMlowPIDGlow, 17.6%; P = 0.003), which was further validated in the metastatic urothelial cancer cohort treated with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) (P = 0.018). In all, we provided 'GSClassifier' as a refined computational framework for GEP-based stratification and PAD subtypes as a promising strategy for exploring ICI responders in GC. Metastatic pathways could be potential targets for GC patients with high immune infiltration but resistance to ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Songyao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Haofan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiannan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Jishang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujian Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau University Joint Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
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12
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Cui X, Yu H, Yao J, Li J, Li Z, Jiang Z. ncRNA-mediated overexpression of ubiquitin-specific proteinase 13 contributes to the progression of prostate cancer via modulating AR signaling, DNA damage repair and immune infiltration. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1350. [PMID: 36564767 PMCID: PMC9784269 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a lethal form of prostate cancer, and the molecular mechanism driving mCRPC progression has not yet been fully elucidated. Immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor, T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint blockade have exerted promising antitumor effects in hematological and solid tumor malignancies; however, no encouraging responses have been observed against mCRPC. The deubiquitinase USP13 functions as a tumor suppressor in many human cancers, as it sustains the protein stability of PTEN and TP53; however, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) and involvement in DNA damage and AR signaling remain unclear. In the current study, we explored the prognostic value of USP13 in PCa based on the TCGA database, and we analyzed the expression of USP13 in PCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues based on TCGA and our cohort. The results suggested that USP13 is overexpressed in PCa tumors and has the potential to be an independent biomarker for the overall survival of PCa patients. Additionally, enrichment analysis indicated that USP13 may participate in the AR pathway and PI3k/Wnt signaling, which are closely related to PCa progression. We also observed a significant correlation between the expression of USP13 and AR-related genes, DDR genes and mismatch repair genes based on the TCGA_PRAD dataset, which further supported the critical role of USP13 in AR activation and the DNA damage response of PCa. USP13 was also found to be enriched in protein neddylation, and expression of USP13 was significantly associated with infiltration of immune cells and expression of immunomodulators. Taken together, our study revealed a key role of USP13 in contributing to PCa progression by participating in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, the DNA damage response and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Targeting USP13 may inhibit tumor growth and provide additional benefits in cooperation with DDR inhibitors and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Cui
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Hongyuan Yu
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Jinlong Yao
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Jinling Li
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004 China
| | - Zhenming Jiang
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
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13
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Lei ZN, Teng QX, Tian Q, Chen W, Xie Y, Wu K, Zeng Q, Zeng L, Pan Y, Chen ZS, He Y. Signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions in gastric cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:358. [PMID: 36209270 PMCID: PMC9547882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in global cancer diagnosis and fourth in cancer-related death. Despite tremendous progress in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies and significant improvements in patient survival, the low malignancy stage is relatively asymptomatic and many GC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, which leads to unsatisfactory prognosis and high recurrence rates. With the recent advances in genome analysis, biomarkers have been identified that have clinical importance for GC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Modern molecular classifications have uncovered the vital roles that signaling pathways, including EGFR/HER2, p53, PI3K, immune checkpoint pathways, and cell adhesion signaling molecules, play in GC tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic responsiveness. These biomarkers and molecular classifications open the way for more precise diagnoses and treatments for GC patients. Nevertheless, the relative significance, temporal activation, interaction with GC risk factors, and crosstalk between these signaling pathways in GC are not well understood. Here, we review the regulatory roles of signaling pathways in GC potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets with an emphasis on recent discoveries. Current therapies, including signaling-based and immunotherapies exploited in the past decade, and the development of treatment for GC, particularly the challenges in developing precision medications, are discussed. These advances provide a direction for the integration of clinical, molecular, and genomic profiles to improve GC diagnosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ning Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Qin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhao Xie
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianlin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yihang Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
| | - Yulong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Ma S, Chen F. Common strategies for effective immunotherapy of gastroesophageal cancers using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154110. [PMID: 36155325 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal cancers (GECs) are very prevalent around the world and rank as the second cause of all cancer-related deaths in men and women and demonstrate a very poor prognosis. Currently, the treatment options for these malignancies are very limited and the response rates are also very low. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been proposed for immunotherapy of GECs; although preliminary results obtained from the clinical trials of ICIs in GECs were promising, they have shown to be effective only in a few subsets of patients who had a previous immune response to the tumor. In order to maximize the efficacy of ICIs in GECs, as well as identify the patients who will likely benefit from ICIs, several predictive biomarkers, such as Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been developed and evaluated. Since the single ICI therapies resulted in poor treatment response, several clinical studies began to explore various combinations of one or two ICIs with other anti-cancer treatment approaches, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and anti-angiogenesis therapy. These combinations demonstrated a more effective response among the ICIs-responsive patients and even in some instances sensitized the non-responsive individuals. This review is aimed to summarize the efforts made so far for improving the effectiveness of ICIs in the treatment of patients with GECs. Furthermore, multiple aspects of translational medicine such as available biomarkers and interactions between tumor and the immune system, as well as clinical aspects regarding the combination therapies and results of clinical trials will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ma
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People's Hospital), Taizhou 317200, China.
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15
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Zhou X, Zhang B, Zheng G, Zhang Z, Wu J, Du K, Zhang J. Novel Necroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Early Diagnosis and Prognosis and Immunotherapy of Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163891. [PMID: 36010886 PMCID: PMC9405737 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Necroptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of many cancers. MLKL is an important component of necroptosis, and has been proved to be closely related to the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). We determined an early diagnosis (FAP, CCT6A) and prognosis risk score (ZFP36, TP53I3, FAP, CCT6A) model of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in GC. Two models, respectively, can effectively predict the occurrence of GC and the prognosis of GC patients. The association between the prognostic risk score and the response to immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) was also analyzed. FAP was also identified as the core gene in the two models, and the relationship between its expression in GC and ICIs was analyzed. This discovery is the first time that NRGs were combined with immunotherapy for GC and provides a new target for immunotherapy for GC and a more accurate treatment scheme for GC patients. Abstract Necroptosis is a kind of programmed necrosis, which is different from apoptosis and pyroptosis. Its molecular mechanism has been described in inflammatory diseases. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with the third highest mortality. However, the role of necroptosis in the occurrence and progression of GC remains largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) by analyzing public transcriptomic data from GC samples. Our results indicate that 83 of 740 NRGs are dysregulated in GC tissues. Next, we identified necroptosis-associated early diagnosis and prognostic gene signatures for GC using machine learning. 2-NRGs (CCT6A and FAP) and 4-NRGs (ZFP36, TP53I3, FAP, and CCT6A), respectively, can effectively assess the risk of early GC (AUC = 0.943) and the prognosis of GC patients (AUC = 0.866). Through in-depth analysis, we were pleasantly surprised to find that there was a significant correlation between the 4-NRGs and GC immunotherapy effect and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which could be used for the evaluation of immunosuppressants. Finally, we identified the core gene FAP, and established the relationship between FAP and ICIs in GC. These findings could provide a new target for immunotherapy for GC and a more effective treatment scheme for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Baizhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Guoliang Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Jiaoqi Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
- Correspondence: (K.D.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-189-0091-1279 (J.Z.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China
- Correspondence: (K.D.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-189-0091-1279 (J.Z.)
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16
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Gao SS, Zhang ZK, Wang XB, Ma Y, Yin GQ, Guo XB. Role of transcribed ultraconserved regions in gastric cancer and therapeutic perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:2900-2909. [PMID: 35978878 PMCID: PMC9280734 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i25.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. The occurrence and development of GC is a complex process involving multiple biological mechanisms. Although traditional regulation modulates molecular functions related to the occurrence and development of GC, the comprehensive mechanisms remain unclear. Ultraconserved region (UCR) refers to a genome sequence that is completely conserved in the homologous regions of the human, rat and mouse genomes, with 100% identity, without any insertions or deletions, and often located in fragile sites and tumour-related genes. The transcribed UCR (T-UCR) is transcribed from the UCR and is a new type of long noncoding RNA. Recent studies have found that the expression level of T-UCRs changes during the occurrence and development of GC, revealing a new mechanism underlying GC. Therefore, this article aims to review the relevant research on T-UCRs in GC, as well as the function of T-UCRs and their regulatory role in the occurrence and development of GC, to provide new strategies for GC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Shuo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Kai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu-Bin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Yin
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
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17
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Starzer AM, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. Immune escape mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in cancer: the cancer-immunity cycle. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221096219. [PMID: 35510032 PMCID: PMC9058458 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221096219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has changed the therapeutic possibilities for various cancer types. However, despite the success in some entities, a significant fraction of patients does not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. A functioning cancer-immunity cycle is needed as the precondition for a clinically meaningful response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. It is assumed that only if each step of the cycle is activated and functioning properly, immune checkpoint inhibitors induce a meaningful immune response. However, an activated cancer-immunity cycle might not be present equally in each patient and cancer type. Ideally, treatment concepts should consider each single step of the cancer-immunity cycle and provide personalized treatment approaches, allowing the adaption to functioning and malfunctioning steps of the individual patient’s specific cancer-immunity cycle. In the following review, we provide an overview of the single steps of the cancer-immunity cycle as well as the impact of malfunctioning steps on the generation of an effective tumor-specific immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika M. Starzer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S. Berghoff
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Naimi A, Mohammed RN, Raji A, Chupradit S, Yumashev AV, Suksatan W, Shalaby MN, Thangavelu L, Kamrava S, Shomali N, Sohrabi AD, Adili A, Noroozi-Aghideh A, Razeghian E. Tumor immunotherapies by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); the pros and cons. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:44. [PMID: 35392976 PMCID: PMC8991803 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The main breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy was the discovery of immune checkpoint (IC) proteins, which act as a potent suppressor of the immune system by a myriad of mechanisms. After that, scientists focused on the immune checkpoint molecules mainly. Thereby, much effort was spent to progress novel strategies for suppressing these inhibitory axes, resulting in the evolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Then, ICIs have become a promising approach and shaped a paradigm shift in tumor immunotherapies. CTLA-4 plays an influential role in attenuation of the induction of naïve and memory T cells by engagement with its responding ligands like B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). Besides, PD-1 is predominantly implicated in adjusting T cell function in peripheral tissues through its interaction with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2. Given their suppressive effects on anti-tumor immunity, it has firmly been documented that ICIs based therapies can be practical and rational therapeutic approaches to treat cancer patients. Nonetheless, tumor inherent or acquired resistance to ICI and some treatment-related toxicities restrict their application in the clinic. The current review will deliver a comprehensive overview of the ICI application to treat human tumors alone or in combination with other modalities to support more desired outcomes and lower toxicities in cancer patients. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Rebar N. Mohammed
- Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, 46001 Kurdistan Region Iraq
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Suleimanyah, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Raji
- College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Department of Pathology, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | | | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Associate Professor of Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Siavash Kamrava
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin D. Sohrabi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Adili
- Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Noroozi-Aghideh
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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19
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Kang M, Ma X, Shi J, Chen G, Jin X, Wang J, Lin L, Wu Z, Chen K, Xu J, Huang P, Chen J. Distinct molecular phenotype and the potential prognostic value of immune prognostic index and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in hepatoid adenocarcinoma of stomach. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101380. [PMID: 35276435 PMCID: PMC8908271 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular classification of HAS should be mainly categorized into GS and CIN phenotypes with TP53 mutation. TILs and dNLR may help to screen appropriate candidates for ICIs treatment in HAS. dNLR demonstrated the potentiality as a reliable and economic predictor of prognosis in HAS.
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a particular subtype of Gastric cancer (GC) with distinct pathological characteristics and genetic profile, but most HAS patients were received identical regimens as common GC. To date, only a few studies has been conducted to investigate the molecular characteristics of HAS, which may prevent the rational application of new anticancer strategies. To further obtain the genetic features and potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers of HAS, our current study evaluated the clinical implications of spectrum molecular markers in 36 surgical resection specimens. None Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive and/or micro-satellite instable high (MSI-h) tumors occurred in our study implies that the molecular classification of HAS should be mainly categorized into genomic stable (GS) and chromosomal instability (CIN) phenotypes, and wild type P53 status predicts better prognosis. More importantly, although the prognosis and clinical characteristics were independent of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) still suggested that a portion of the enrolled HAS patients are potentially appropriate candidates for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Additionally, the immune prognostic index (IPI) and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) demonstrated their potential as reliable and economic indicators for predicting prognosis of HAS. We hope this first systematic evaluation will help in deciphering the molecular characterization and potential individualized regimens for this particular subtype of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muxing Kang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Jifei Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Pinghu, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314200, China
| | - Guofeng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Lele Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Kaibo Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Pintong Huang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
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20
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Vafaei S, Zekiy AO, Khanamir RA, Zaman BA, Ghayourvahdat A, Azimizonuzi H, Zamani M. Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); a new frontier. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:2. [PMID: 34980128 PMCID: PMC8725311 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has become a promising therapeutic strategy with encouraging therapeutic outcomes due to their durable anti-tumor effects. Though, tumor inherent or acquired resistance to ICIs accompanied with treatment-related toxicities hamper their clinical utility. Overall, about 60-70% of patients (e.g., melanoma and lung cancer) who received ICIs show no objective response to intervention. The resistance to ICIs mainly caused by alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which in turn, supports angiogenesis and also blocks immune cell antitumor activities, facilitating tumor cells' evasion from host immunosurveillance. Thereby, it has been supposed and also validated that combination therapy with ICIs and other therapeutic means, ranging from chemoradiotherapy to targeted therapies as well as cancer vaccines, can capably compromise tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blocked therapy. Herein, we have focused on the therapeutic benefits of ICIs as a groundbreaking approach in the context of tumor immunotherapy and also deliver an overview concerning the therapeutic influences of the addition of ICIs to other modalities to circumvent tumor resistance to ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Angelina O. Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ramadhan Ado Khanamir
- Internal Medicine and Surgery Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Burhan Abdullah Zaman
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | | | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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21
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Lee J, Choi SH, Baek JH, Baek DW, Kim JG, Kang BW. Clinical Impact of Prognostic Nutrition Index for Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients with Peritoneal Metastases Treated Nivolumab Monotherapy. Chonnam Med J 2022; 58:24-28. [PMID: 35169556 PMCID: PMC8813651 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2022.58.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nivolumab shows survival benefits for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), predictive biomarkers for nivolumab treatment in AGC remain unclear, especially in the case of peritoneal metastases. This study investigated the clinical significance of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI), reflecting the host nutritional status and immunity, in AGC patients undergoing nivolumab monotherapy. This study retrospectively analyzed 53 AGC patients who received nivolumab between October 2017 and February 2021. Among them, 35 patients with peritoneal metastases were reviewed to investigate the relationship between the PNI and oncological outcomes. The PNI was calculated as 10×serum albumin level (g/dl)+0.005×total lymphocyte count (per mm3) at the first administration of nivolumab. With a median follow-up duration of 2.0 (0.3-13.5) months, the median overall survival (OS) was 2.0 months. The overall response and disease-control rates were 0.0% and 20.0%, respectively. Among the 35 patients, 13 patients were identified as a high-PNI group. In the univariate analysis, the high-PNI group showed a significantly longer PFS and OS than the low-PNI group. In the multivariate analysis, the high-PNI was independently associated with a longer PFS (p=0.021) and OS (p=0.022). The PNI can be useful for predicting PFS and OS in AGC patients with peritoneal metastases. However, further studies are required to validate these results in AGC and new strategies are needed to improve the outcome for AGC patients with peritoneal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Baek
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong Won Baek
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
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22
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Huang Z, He A, Wang J, Lu H, Xu X, Zhang R, Liao W, Feng Q, Wu L. Toll-like receptor 3 is a potential prognosis marker and associated with immune infiltration in stomach adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:77-93. [PMID: 34657879 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors participate in various biological mechanisms, mainly including the immune response and inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the role of TLRs in STAD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the expression, prognosis performance of TLRs in STAD and their relationship with immune infiltration. METHODS Student's t-test was used to evaluate the expression of TLRs between STAD tissues and normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to explored the prognosis value of TLRs in STAD. And qRT-PCR validated their expression and prognosis value. Spearman's correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to assess the association between TLRs and immune infiltration in STAD. RESULTS The mRNA level of TLR3 was downregulated in STAD. We summarized genetic mutations and CNV alteration of TLRs in STAD cohort. Prognosis analysis revealed that STAD patients with high TLR3 expression showed better prognosis in OS, FP and PPS. The result of qRT-PCR suggested that TLR3 expression was decreased in STAD tissues and STAD patients with high TLR3 mRNA level had a better OS. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis suggested TLR3 expression and clinical stage as independent factors affecting STAD patients' prognosis. A positive association existed between TLR3 expression and the abundance of immune cells and the expression of various immune biomarkers. Furthermore, key targets related to TLR3 were identified in STAD, mainly including MIR-129 (GCAAAAA), PLK1, and V$IRF1_01. CONCLUSIONS Our result demonstrated TLR3 as a prognosis marker and associated with immune infiltration in STAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Aoxiao He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongcheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinxian People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rongguiyi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Liao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linquan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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23
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de Fátima Aquino Moreira-Nunes C, de Souza Almeida Titan Martins CN, Feio D, Lima IK, Lamarão LM, de Souza CRT, Costa IB, da Silva Maués JH, Soares PC, de Assumpção PP, Burbano RMR. PD-L1 Expression Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus Status and Patients' Survival in a Large Cohort of Gastric Cancer Patients in Northern Brazil. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3107. [PMID: 34206307 PMCID: PMC8268941 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a worldwide health problem, making it one of the most common types of cancer, in fifth place of all tumor types, and the third highest cause of cancer deaths in the world. There is a subgroup of GC that consists of tumors infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is characterized mainly by the overexpression of programmed cell death protein-ligand-1 (PD-L1). In the present study, we present histopathological and survival data of a thousand GC patients, associated with EBV status and PD-L1 expression. Of the thousand tumors analyzed, 190 were EBV-positive and the vast majority (86.8%) had a high relative expression of mRNA and PD-L1 protein (p < 0.0001) in relation to non-neoplastic control. On the other hand, in EBV-negative samples, the majority had a low PD-L1 expression of RNA and protein (p < 0.0001). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the probability of survival and increased overall survival of EBV-positive GC patients was impacted by the PD-L1 overexpression (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004, respectively). However, the PD-L1 low expression was correlated with low overall survival in those patients. Patients with GC positive for EBV, presenting PD-L1 overexpression can benefit from immunotherapy treatments and performing the quantification of PD-L1 in gastric neoplasms should be adopted as routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline de Fátima Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, 66063-240 PA, Brazil; (C.N.d.S.A.T.M.); (D.F.); (I.K.L.); (P.C.S.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275 CE, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Feio
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, 66063-240 PA, Brazil; (C.N.d.S.A.T.M.); (D.F.); (I.K.L.); (P.C.S.)
| | - Isamu Komatsu Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, 66063-240 PA, Brazil; (C.N.d.S.A.T.M.); (D.F.); (I.K.L.); (P.C.S.)
| | - Leticia Martins Lamarão
- Foundation Center for Hemotherapy and Hematology of Pará (HEMOPA), Department of Sorology, Belém, 66033-000 PA, Brazil;
| | | | - Igor Brasil Costa
- Department of Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, 67030-000 PA, Brazil;
| | - Jersey Heitor da Silva Maués
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 SP, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Cardoso Soares
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, 66063-240 PA, Brazil; (C.N.d.S.A.T.M.); (D.F.); (I.K.L.); (P.C.S.)
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Oncology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-005 PA, Brazil;
| | - Rommel Mário Rodríguez Burbano
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, 66063-240 PA, Brazil; (C.N.d.S.A.T.M.); (D.F.); (I.K.L.); (P.C.S.)
- Oncology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-005 PA, Brazil;
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24
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Hu BS, Tang T, Jia JL, Xie BC, Wu TL, Sheng YY, Xue YZ, Tang HM. CD137 agonist induces gastric cancer cell apoptosis by enhancing the functions of CD8 + T cells via NF-κB signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:513. [PMID: 33093811 PMCID: PMC7576737 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD137 is a target for tumor immunotherapy. However, the role of CD137 in gastric cancer (GC), especially in inducing GC cell apoptosis, has not been studied. Methods Foxp3+ and CD8+ T cells in GCs were investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). CD137 expression in GCs was detected using flow cytometry, IHC and immunofluorescence (IF). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood were stimulated with a CD137 agonist in vitro. CD8+ T cell proliferation and p65 expression was examined using flow cytometry. P65 nuclear translocation was analyzed using IF. IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, perforin and granzyme B were detected using real-time quantitative PCR (real-time PCR). PBMCs and primary GC cells were cocultured and stimulated with a CD137 agonist in vitro. Apoptosis of primary GC cells was detected using flow cytometry. Results Our data demonstrated that GC tumors showed characteristics of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. CD137 was predominantly expressed in CD8+ T cells in GCs and had a positive correlation with tumor cell differentiation. The CD137 agonist promoted CD8+ T cell proliferation and increased the secretion of IFN-γ, perforin and granzyme B, which induced primary GC cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, this study found that the CD137 agonist induced NF-κB nuclear translocation in CD8+ T cells. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that a CD137 agonist induced primary GC cell apoptosis by enhancing CD8+ T cells via activation of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Shun Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Chen Xie
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Long Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Rd, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Yue Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Rd, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zheng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Rd, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Min Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China
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25
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Rizzo A, Mollica V, Cimadamore A, Santoni M, Scarpelli M, Giunchi F, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Fiorentino M, Montironi R, Massari F. Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? Cells 2020; 9:E2051. [PMID: 32911806 PMCID: PMC7564598 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid malignancies, reporting unprecedented response rates. Unfortunately, this is not the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), as several phase I and II trials assessing programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown limited benefits. Moreover, despite sipuleucel-T representing the only cancer vaccine approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for mCRPC following the results of the IMPACT trial, the use of this agent is relatively limited in everyday clinical practice. The identification of specific histological and molecular biomarkers that could predict response to immunotherapy represents one of the current challenges, with an aim to detect subgroups of mCRPC patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer agents. Several unanswered questions remain, including the following: is there-or will there ever be-a role for immunotherapy in prostate cancer? In this review, we aim at underlining the failures and promises of immunotherapy in prostate cancer, summarizing the current state of art regarding cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies, and discussing future research directions in this immunologically "cold" malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rizzo
- Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62012 Macerata, Italy;
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore and University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Liang Cheng
- Laboratory Medicine and Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore and University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Francesco Massari
- Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.R.); (V.M.)
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